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3. Writing in a second or foreign language seems to be the most
difficult language skill for language learners to acquire in
academic contexts. It is also a complicated process which
involves a number of cognitive and metacognitive activities, for
instance; brainstorming, planning, outlining, organizing,
drafting, and revising. (Flower & Hayes, 1981).

4. Writing requires composing, which implies the ability
either to tell or retell pieces of information in the form
of narratives or description, or to transform information
into new texts, as in expository or argumentative
writing.
ACCORDING TO OMAGGIO
HADLEY (1993),

5. WRITING AS A PROCESS

6. WRITING AS A PRODUCT
TO INFORM TO THANK TO REQUEST TO SIMPLY ENTERTAIN
The writing product in “real life” is a text
with a purpose.
The purpose may be for example

8. GOALS
GENERATING
IDEAS
PRIOR
KNOWLEDGE
DISSCUSSIONS

9. DRAFTING
SELECT THE WORDS AND
CONSTRUCT SENTENCES

10. STUDENTS WILL SHARE
THEIR IDEAS WITH
TEACHERS OR PEERS
OBTAIN
FEEDBACK

11. INDIVIDUAL WRITERS
CONSIDERER WHETER THEY
ARE MEETING THE WRITING
GOALS

12. MAKE CHANGES
CHANGES MAKE INCLUDE
REORGANIZIG THEIR IDEAS,
ADDING OR REMOVING.

13. AT THE END OF THE
WRITING PROCCES
SS. SHOULD BE GIVEN OPPORTUNITIES
TO PUBLISH THEIR WRITING

14. There are two good sets of reasons for teaching writing to EFL school children.
1 The writing skill:
Writing is probably the most personalized, creative activity in the
language class. Developing their writing skills early, young learners are
making a valuable investment for their future studies.

15. 2 Foreign language learning:
Writing gives learners the opportunity to find ways of expressing their
ideas in a foreign language.

16. IN PRIMARY
SCHOOL
EFL pupils
progress from
writing isolated
words and
phrases,
It is important that
time is spent
building up the
language they will
need
Encourage
pupils to
correct their
own mistakes
as they work
Encourage
pupils to
decorate their
written work
and where
feasible display
their efforts in
the classroom.

17. Motivating Creative
Writing
• Providing attractive classrooms rich in materials.
• Encouraging pupils to write from their own interests
and needs.
• Using real needs of children or helping them to
develop new ones.
• Providing freedom from fear and helping pupils gain
confidence in their ability to create.
• Providing abundant time and opportunity for writing in

18. Students need multiple opportunities to experience
literature representing all genres, to write and receive
feedback about their writing in all genres, and to use the
writing process across the genres.
Narratives: Writing that tells
a story or recounts an event.
Responses to Literature:
Writing in which the author
reacts to the action,
characters, plot or other
elements of a piece of
literature.

19. Reports: Writing that results
from gathering, investigating,
and organizing facts and
thoughts on a topic.
Procedures: Writing that
explains a process or
informs an audience about
how to do something.
Personal Essays: Writing in
which an author explores
and shares the meaning of a
personal experience.

20. - Providing attractive
classrooms rich in
materials
Encouraging pupils to
write from their own
interests and needs.

21. Providing rich experiences
about which a child can
express himself.
Using real needs of children
or helping them to develop
new ones.

23. WHAT DOES WRITING INCLUDE?

28. - Info by non- stop
writing

30. WRITING FROM THE VERY
BEGINNING
INTEGRATED WRITING SKILLS
GRAMMAR
SPELLING
&
PUNCTUATION
HANDWRITING

31. • Letter recognition &
discrimination
• Word recognition
• Basic spelling
• Pronunciation
• Capitalization rules
TEACHES HOW TO USE IT
Students trace letters/words written in an
appropriate size & shape on tablet-style sheets
Kinesthetic learners may benefit from this as
this is a ‘visual’ hands on type of learning
activity
TRACING LETTERS, WORDS & SENTENCES

33. UNSCRAMBLING MUDDLED SENTENCE
PARTS
In this type of activity,
students are given
scrambled sentences
that they have to
reorder to form a
grammatically correct
sentence.

34. VANISHING LETTERS
S __ r e e t
S __ r__ e t
S __ __ __ e t
S __ __ __ __ t
S __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

36. PARALLEL WRITING
My Family
There are six people in my family: my grandmother, my
parents, my older sister, my younger brother, and I. We are
from Taiwan, but we live in Los Angeles now. We are very
close. In the Chinese culture, children live with their parents
for a long tie. Daughters live with their parents until they get
married. After the children are married, parents live with
their oldest son. My parents have only one son. They will live
with him.

37. MIND MAPPING/CLUSTERING