SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 5
HOW TO INTEGRATE THE SKILLS.<br />I must confess that every time I read about teaching and related issues I feel overwhelmed of the great responsibility and demands we have in our hands.  For instance, planning an English  course does not only mean selecting the topics without taking into account the importance of student’s needs. I would say that most of the times we, as teachers overlook some important aspects such as context, needs, background, and learner’s likes and dislikes in order to make successful classes and to avoid failure classes. That is why teaching cannot be only assessed in terms of classroom activities,it is important to reflect on  knowledge , planning and methodology to prevent poor performance in the teaching and learning process.Nevertheless, there are some additional factors that affect the teaching process,for these reasons I would support this reflection paper on providing some another aspects which have been ignored but they could be useful in the teaching and learning process.<br />.   <br />First, it is a must  for us to consider lots of challenges: Government policies, PEIs, diverse students’ needs, technological advances, ,which remember us to look for alternatives in teaching English as Foreign Language.  However, some teachers think that planning the content of a course means to select a book, following everything that is included  making easier the teacher’s planning task. But , what about the learner’s needs  and interests ?. Besides, most of the books sometimes are totally unreal to apply in our context.<br />Therefore, planning content  is making our mind clear taking into account  contextualization, real communication and meagninful learning.We know that  desygning a plan it is  a challenge for us as teachers  and because of this reason we prefer sometimes to take the easiest way  because it  is much more difficult to respond to the learner’s needs and interests.<br />Second, we have to take into account the standars when we design a study plan that have been designed  based on a Foreign Framework (CEF) was not centered in the specif characteristics of our country, and teachers did not participate in the design, but they have to implement them in  the syllabuses. Then in our country , teachers will not have any possibility to set the syllabuses in different ways, not even the objectives because everything is included in the standards.Based on the previous aspects, it is worthwhile mentioning that learning a foreign language  is not just to develop in the students competence and performance, but also showing them that as a language, English must be seen as a whole and for that reason skills cannot be taught separately.   <br />It is then essential to take into account the different skills such as, listening, speaking, reading and writing in order to have a good success as  foreign language.  Besides, it is important for us  as future teachers to know how to mix those abilities, and to apply them into our classes because we have to overlay the absence of  a real context.  For those reasons, it is vital to take into account some contributions from some researches in order to have a deep reflection how to integrate those skills.<br />According to Chomsky (1.991) Language is systematically  in such a way, it is an integration of abilities, they cannot be applied isolated if we want to have good results in our teaching. The principal purpose of this integration is to make language functional and that is why skills cannot be divided when teaching .  Besides, we have to exploit of  the numerous advantages that we can obtain  if we teach the skills in an integrated way than in an isolated one. Some of these great advantages it  is to make the language functional specially in our context  where learners do not have so much contact with the <br />English language and this absence has to be overlay with the English classes because language  is not divided by pieces like  rote learning.According to Asubel’s subsumption (1.963 , p,92) it is necessary to highlight that learning must be meaningful instead of rote.   He described  rote learning  as “the process of isolated blocks with no particular function in the building of a structure and no relationship to other blocks’’ and meagningful  learning is  described as ‘‘the process whereby blocks become an integral part of already established categories or systematic clusters of blocks’’.  The evidence seems to indicate  that if we teach  a language with isolated skills the knowledge can be divided by blocks, and there are not relationships between the learning, making our students develop short term memory as  rote learning .<br />However, if we apply our classes taking into account the integration of the four skills, our pupils can acquire the learning in a meaningful way and they can relate the knowledge  getting   a long term memory.  For this reason it is important to involve the skills in order to have successful  learners  because we do not need students that develop just one skill we need students where they can speak, write, listen, and read. <br />Another aspect that it is important to take into account in this reflection is that every skill has its function in the language  and they are associated  to obtain succesful learning. Speaking plays a vital role in this process and  if we want to develop speaking first , we require input (listening) As Krashen (1.982 p, <br /> said ‘‘Speaking is the result of acquisition and not its cause. Speech cannot be taught directly, but rather ‘emerges’ on its own as a result o f building competente via comprensible input’’. So speaking and listening are related because first,  a learner<br />needs to receive instructions, vocabulary , expressions  from the tutor in order to know how the language works. In this process it is important  how the teacher encourages  his or her students in order to use the language. <br />This encouragement has to be through different strategies where  pupils feel the  need to express their own feelings, opinions and comments  through  real communication, to be aware that English is a functional language, it is not just memorizing, repetitions  and drills. <br />The learner has to be conscious that he or she can use the language to give his or her comments, opinions and ideas where the learner  does not learn a piece of a text but heart, it has to go beyond that memorizing.   Nevertheless, it is important to take into account the writing and reading skill in order to  complete the acquisition process of a second language .   Unfortunately, most of the English teachers in our region apply the traditional teaching and they focus the writing process in grammar structures where the learner has to understand how each grammar structure works. <br /> We know that this aspect is important but we have to develop it through strategies where the learners could be able to discover how the language is structured  as Hymes (1972) stated that  ‘what is crucial is not so much a better understanding of how language is structured internally, but a better understanding of how language is used’’. Moreover, when the learner receives enough meaningful input he or she is going to be conscious about grammar mistakes  in his or her production but we have to remember at the beginning o f a  language acquisition process it is essential that learners make errors  because it helps it to get fluency in his output and to speak with less grammar errors. Another skill that plays an important role in a language is reading  but  Reading is not just to read some texts, it demands a big effort in order to understand and  comprehend  a reading. But we have to take into account different aspects in this skill such as:students’s background in the English language, vocabulary,  type  of learners and strategies that make aware the importance of   developing  of this skill.<br />The teacher’s talk plays a vital source in  reading activities because the teacher has to take into account the type of reading  and  it has to be understandable and comprehensible for the students and if we can  exposed to children to real language trought readings  it could be better in order to increase his or her understanding to the second language.  When the student acquires  the necessary tools  he or she  can start giving ouput with reading  using the speaking skill.  <br />According to Krashen’s input hypothesis ,(1.985)  If input is understood, and there is enough  of it, the necessary grammar the learner needs to learn is automatically provided. The language teacher does not need to teach the ‘next structure’ along a continuum of learnability or difficulty – it will be provided in just the right quantities and automatically reviewed if the student receives a sufficient amount of comprehensible input.<br />In a few words, I think that it must therefore be recognised that the root of the teaching problem  is not grammar structures, there is a biggest trouble and it is how  to develop a meaningful and clear communication between learner and teacher  in order to facilitate the language  acquisition process. As Underwood (1,989) pointed out that before  start ing  a task it is important to tune students  with the activity’s expectations in order to avoid misunderstandings in the  teacher and students  interaction . <br /> Besides, input plays an important role  because  , students need to understand and comprehend the language before they give output, and it is develop by teacher’s  input  that must be providing to students with ‘‘almost’’ real communicative situations in an artificial environment .Because of this reason it is important to take into account the environment . So, we need   to change our mind creating natural  context where our students can express  their ideas in order to decrease  language’s fears  and to increase self esteem with the language  and at the end students can get right with any  grammar rule. <br />
How to integrate the skills
How to integrate the skills
How to integrate the skills
How to integrate the skills

More Related Content

What's hot

Integrated Skills, Groupwork and Pairwork
Integrated Skills, Groupwork and PairworkIntegrated Skills, Groupwork and Pairwork
Integrated Skills, Groupwork and PairworkBanatul Murtafi'ah
 
Integrated skills-in-the-esl
Integrated skills-in-the-eslIntegrated skills-in-the-esl
Integrated skills-in-the-eslnursemiguel
 
Overview to Macro Skill Teaching
Overview to Macro Skill Teaching Overview to Macro Skill Teaching
Overview to Macro Skill Teaching Flipped Channel
 
Four skills
Four skillsFour skills
Four skillsBian Min
 
Language Learning Skills
Language Learning SkillsLanguage Learning Skills
Language Learning SkillsRanjanvelari
 
Teaching Language Skill: Speaking and Writing
Teaching Language Skill: Speaking and WritingTeaching Language Skill: Speaking and Writing
Teaching Language Skill: Speaking and WritingUNY Pasca PBI-B
 
Communicative Language Teaching (Clt)
Communicative Language Teaching (Clt)Communicative Language Teaching (Clt)
Communicative Language Teaching (Clt)Min-Hsun Chiang
 
Approaches and methods in language teaching/ 17 content based instruction (CBI)
Approaches and methods in language teaching/ 17 content based instruction (CBI)Approaches and methods in language teaching/ 17 content based instruction (CBI)
Approaches and methods in language teaching/ 17 content based instruction (CBI)amansaeede
 
Communicative Language Teaching
Communicative Language TeachingCommunicative Language Teaching
Communicative Language TeachingJoy Avelino
 
Communicative approach presentation
Communicative approach presentationCommunicative approach presentation
Communicative approach presentationSara
 
Content based syllabus
Content based syllabusContent based syllabus
Content based syllabusSavera Hayyam
 
Promoting speaking activities for the benefit of learners
Promoting speaking activities  for the  benefit of  learnersPromoting speaking activities  for the  benefit of  learners
Promoting speaking activities for the benefit of learnersKanajana Jupamatung
 
Applicaton of clt and gtm in elt
Applicaton of clt and gtm in eltApplicaton of clt and gtm in elt
Applicaton of clt and gtm in eltMamun Ashraf
 
EXTINSIVE READING
EXTINSIVE READINGEXTINSIVE READING
EXTINSIVE READINGSa345mar
 

What's hot (20)

Integrating the four language skills
Integrating the four language skillsIntegrating the four language skills
Integrating the four language skills
 
Integrated Skills
Integrated SkillsIntegrated Skills
Integrated Skills
 
Integrated Skills, Groupwork and Pairwork
Integrated Skills, Groupwork and PairworkIntegrated Skills, Groupwork and Pairwork
Integrated Skills, Groupwork and Pairwork
 
Integrated skills-in-the-esl
Integrated skills-in-the-eslIntegrated skills-in-the-esl
Integrated skills-in-the-esl
 
Overview to Macro Skill Teaching
Overview to Macro Skill Teaching Overview to Macro Skill Teaching
Overview to Macro Skill Teaching
 
Four skills
Four skillsFour skills
Four skills
 
Language Learning Skills
Language Learning SkillsLanguage Learning Skills
Language Learning Skills
 
Situational syllabus
Situational syllabusSituational syllabus
Situational syllabus
 
Teaching Language Skill: Speaking and Writing
Teaching Language Skill: Speaking and WritingTeaching Language Skill: Speaking and Writing
Teaching Language Skill: Speaking and Writing
 
Teaching speaking
Teaching speakingTeaching speaking
Teaching speaking
 
Communicative Language Teaching (Clt)
Communicative Language Teaching (Clt)Communicative Language Teaching (Clt)
Communicative Language Teaching (Clt)
 
Approaches and methods in language teaching/ 17 content based instruction (CBI)
Approaches and methods in language teaching/ 17 content based instruction (CBI)Approaches and methods in language teaching/ 17 content based instruction (CBI)
Approaches and methods in language teaching/ 17 content based instruction (CBI)
 
Communicative Language Teaching
Communicative Language TeachingCommunicative Language Teaching
Communicative Language Teaching
 
Communicative approach presentation
Communicative approach presentationCommunicative approach presentation
Communicative approach presentation
 
Content based syllabus
Content based syllabusContent based syllabus
Content based syllabus
 
Promoting speaking activities for the benefit of learners
Promoting speaking activities  for the  benefit of  learnersPromoting speaking activities  for the  benefit of  learners
Promoting speaking activities for the benefit of learners
 
Language Experience Approach
Language Experience ApproachLanguage Experience Approach
Language Experience Approach
 
Applicaton of clt and gtm in elt
Applicaton of clt and gtm in eltApplicaton of clt and gtm in elt
Applicaton of clt and gtm in elt
 
EXTINSIVE READING
EXTINSIVE READINGEXTINSIVE READING
EXTINSIVE READING
 
The Language Experience Approach
The Language Experience ApproachThe Language Experience Approach
The Language Experience Approach
 

Similar to How to integrate the skills

6. Competence vs. Performance.pptx
6. Competence vs. Performance.pptx6. Competence vs. Performance.pptx
6. Competence vs. Performance.pptxmarkghatas
 
Quiz on clt practical 18 by l ucrecia corral
Quiz on clt practical 18 by l ucrecia corralQuiz on clt practical 18 by l ucrecia corral
Quiz on clt practical 18 by l ucrecia corralLucreciaCorral1
 
Teacher's guide ms1 2 gen
Teacher's guide ms1 2 genTeacher's guide ms1 2 gen
Teacher's guide ms1 2 genIlham Bdh
 
Language and Language Learning by AYLİN AYDIN, Uludag University
Language and Language Learning by AYLİN AYDIN, Uludag UniversityLanguage and Language Learning by AYLİN AYDIN, Uludag University
Language and Language Learning by AYLİN AYDIN, Uludag UniversityUludag University
 
Teaching Dossier FINAL FINAL
Teaching Dossier FINAL FINALTeaching Dossier FINAL FINAL
Teaching Dossier FINAL FINALLeah Guzman
 
Presentation based on tefl method
Presentation based on tefl methodPresentation based on tefl method
Presentation based on tefl methodaluzayyizi
 
Contextualizing language
Contextualizing languageContextualizing language
Contextualizing languageBiljanaPipovic
 
Creating language for classroom interaction
Creating language for classroom interactionCreating language for classroom interaction
Creating language for classroom interactionPRASANTH VENPAKAL
 
Teaching vocabulary to advanced students Reflection
Teaching vocabulary to advanced students ReflectionTeaching vocabulary to advanced students Reflection
Teaching vocabulary to advanced students Reflectiontowersgary
 
How do the students learn
How do the students learnHow do the students learn
How do the students learnLemon Line
 
Role and importance of language in the curriculum
Role and importance of language in the curriculumRole and importance of language in the curriculum
Role and importance of language in the curriculumAbu Bashar
 
M RIZQI ARFANDA THESIS BAB I improving students.doc
M RIZQI ARFANDA THESIS BAB I improving students.docM RIZQI ARFANDA THESIS BAB I improving students.doc
M RIZQI ARFANDA THESIS BAB I improving students.dociswatulamaliah794
 
Summary of the units
Summary of the unitsSummary of the units
Summary of the unitsGaby Bravo
 
tblt .pdf
tblt .pdftblt .pdf
tblt .pdfNurayB1
 
Final blog project
Final blog projectFinal blog project
Final blog projectcrobledom
 

Similar to How to integrate the skills (20)

ingles2007
ingles2007ingles2007
ingles2007
 
Inglés
InglésInglés
Inglés
 
6. Competence vs. Performance.pptx
6. Competence vs. Performance.pptx6. Competence vs. Performance.pptx
6. Competence vs. Performance.pptx
 
Quiz on clt practical 18 by l ucrecia corral
Quiz on clt practical 18 by l ucrecia corralQuiz on clt practical 18 by l ucrecia corral
Quiz on clt practical 18 by l ucrecia corral
 
Foundation online unit-3
Foundation   online unit-3Foundation   online unit-3
Foundation online unit-3
 
Teacher's guide ms1 2 gen
Teacher's guide ms1 2 genTeacher's guide ms1 2 gen
Teacher's guide ms1 2 gen
 
Language and Language Learning by AYLİN AYDIN, Uludag University
Language and Language Learning by AYLİN AYDIN, Uludag UniversityLanguage and Language Learning by AYLİN AYDIN, Uludag University
Language and Language Learning by AYLİN AYDIN, Uludag University
 
Teaching Dossier FINAL FINAL
Teaching Dossier FINAL FINALTeaching Dossier FINAL FINAL
Teaching Dossier FINAL FINAL
 
Presentation based on tefl method
Presentation based on tefl methodPresentation based on tefl method
Presentation based on tefl method
 
Methods of Teaching English
Methods of Teaching EnglishMethods of Teaching English
Methods of Teaching English
 
Contextualizing language
Contextualizing languageContextualizing language
Contextualizing language
 
Creating language for classroom interaction
Creating language for classroom interactionCreating language for classroom interaction
Creating language for classroom interaction
 
Taskuk
TaskukTaskuk
Taskuk
 
Teaching vocabulary to advanced students Reflection
Teaching vocabulary to advanced students ReflectionTeaching vocabulary to advanced students Reflection
Teaching vocabulary to advanced students Reflection
 
How do the students learn
How do the students learnHow do the students learn
How do the students learn
 
Role and importance of language in the curriculum
Role and importance of language in the curriculumRole and importance of language in the curriculum
Role and importance of language in the curriculum
 
M RIZQI ARFANDA THESIS BAB I improving students.doc
M RIZQI ARFANDA THESIS BAB I improving students.docM RIZQI ARFANDA THESIS BAB I improving students.doc
M RIZQI ARFANDA THESIS BAB I improving students.doc
 
Summary of the units
Summary of the unitsSummary of the units
Summary of the units
 
tblt .pdf
tblt .pdftblt .pdf
tblt .pdf
 
Final blog project
Final blog projectFinal blog project
Final blog project
 

How to integrate the skills

  • 1. HOW TO INTEGRATE THE SKILLS.<br />I must confess that every time I read about teaching and related issues I feel overwhelmed of the great responsibility and demands we have in our hands. For instance, planning an English course does not only mean selecting the topics without taking into account the importance of student’s needs. I would say that most of the times we, as teachers overlook some important aspects such as context, needs, background, and learner’s likes and dislikes in order to make successful classes and to avoid failure classes. That is why teaching cannot be only assessed in terms of classroom activities,it is important to reflect on knowledge , planning and methodology to prevent poor performance in the teaching and learning process.Nevertheless, there are some additional factors that affect the teaching process,for these reasons I would support this reflection paper on providing some another aspects which have been ignored but they could be useful in the teaching and learning process.<br />. <br />First, it is a must for us to consider lots of challenges: Government policies, PEIs, diverse students’ needs, technological advances, ,which remember us to look for alternatives in teaching English as Foreign Language. However, some teachers think that planning the content of a course means to select a book, following everything that is included making easier the teacher’s planning task. But , what about the learner’s needs and interests ?. Besides, most of the books sometimes are totally unreal to apply in our context.<br />Therefore, planning content is making our mind clear taking into account contextualization, real communication and meagninful learning.We know that desygning a plan it is a challenge for us as teachers and because of this reason we prefer sometimes to take the easiest way because it is much more difficult to respond to the learner’s needs and interests.<br />Second, we have to take into account the standars when we design a study plan that have been designed based on a Foreign Framework (CEF) was not centered in the specif characteristics of our country, and teachers did not participate in the design, but they have to implement them in the syllabuses. Then in our country , teachers will not have any possibility to set the syllabuses in different ways, not even the objectives because everything is included in the standards.Based on the previous aspects, it is worthwhile mentioning that learning a foreign language is not just to develop in the students competence and performance, but also showing them that as a language, English must be seen as a whole and for that reason skills cannot be taught separately. <br />It is then essential to take into account the different skills such as, listening, speaking, reading and writing in order to have a good success as foreign language. Besides, it is important for us as future teachers to know how to mix those abilities, and to apply them into our classes because we have to overlay the absence of a real context. For those reasons, it is vital to take into account some contributions from some researches in order to have a deep reflection how to integrate those skills.<br />According to Chomsky (1.991) Language is systematically in such a way, it is an integration of abilities, they cannot be applied isolated if we want to have good results in our teaching. The principal purpose of this integration is to make language functional and that is why skills cannot be divided when teaching . Besides, we have to exploit of the numerous advantages that we can obtain if we teach the skills in an integrated way than in an isolated one. Some of these great advantages it is to make the language functional specially in our context where learners do not have so much contact with the <br />English language and this absence has to be overlay with the English classes because language is not divided by pieces like rote learning.According to Asubel’s subsumption (1.963 , p,92) it is necessary to highlight that learning must be meaningful instead of rote. He described rote learning as “the process of isolated blocks with no particular function in the building of a structure and no relationship to other blocks’’ and meagningful learning is described as ‘‘the process whereby blocks become an integral part of already established categories or systematic clusters of blocks’’. The evidence seems to indicate that if we teach a language with isolated skills the knowledge can be divided by blocks, and there are not relationships between the learning, making our students develop short term memory as rote learning .<br />However, if we apply our classes taking into account the integration of the four skills, our pupils can acquire the learning in a meaningful way and they can relate the knowledge getting a long term memory. For this reason it is important to involve the skills in order to have successful learners because we do not need students that develop just one skill we need students where they can speak, write, listen, and read. <br />Another aspect that it is important to take into account in this reflection is that every skill has its function in the language and they are associated to obtain succesful learning. Speaking plays a vital role in this process and if we want to develop speaking first , we require input (listening) As Krashen (1.982 p, <br /> said ‘‘Speaking is the result of acquisition and not its cause. Speech cannot be taught directly, but rather ‘emerges’ on its own as a result o f building competente via comprensible input’’. So speaking and listening are related because first, a learner<br />needs to receive instructions, vocabulary , expressions from the tutor in order to know how the language works. In this process it is important how the teacher encourages his or her students in order to use the language. <br />This encouragement has to be through different strategies where pupils feel the need to express their own feelings, opinions and comments through real communication, to be aware that English is a functional language, it is not just memorizing, repetitions and drills. <br />The learner has to be conscious that he or she can use the language to give his or her comments, opinions and ideas where the learner does not learn a piece of a text but heart, it has to go beyond that memorizing. Nevertheless, it is important to take into account the writing and reading skill in order to complete the acquisition process of a second language . Unfortunately, most of the English teachers in our region apply the traditional teaching and they focus the writing process in grammar structures where the learner has to understand how each grammar structure works. <br /> We know that this aspect is important but we have to develop it through strategies where the learners could be able to discover how the language is structured as Hymes (1972) stated that ‘what is crucial is not so much a better understanding of how language is structured internally, but a better understanding of how language is used’’. Moreover, when the learner receives enough meaningful input he or she is going to be conscious about grammar mistakes in his or her production but we have to remember at the beginning o f a language acquisition process it is essential that learners make errors because it helps it to get fluency in his output and to speak with less grammar errors. Another skill that plays an important role in a language is reading but Reading is not just to read some texts, it demands a big effort in order to understand and comprehend a reading. But we have to take into account different aspects in this skill such as:students’s background in the English language, vocabulary, type of learners and strategies that make aware the importance of developing of this skill.<br />The teacher’s talk plays a vital source in reading activities because the teacher has to take into account the type of reading and it has to be understandable and comprehensible for the students and if we can exposed to children to real language trought readings it could be better in order to increase his or her understanding to the second language. When the student acquires the necessary tools he or she can start giving ouput with reading using the speaking skill. <br />According to Krashen’s input hypothesis ,(1.985) If input is understood, and there is enough of it, the necessary grammar the learner needs to learn is automatically provided. The language teacher does not need to teach the ‘next structure’ along a continuum of learnability or difficulty – it will be provided in just the right quantities and automatically reviewed if the student receives a sufficient amount of comprehensible input.<br />In a few words, I think that it must therefore be recognised that the root of the teaching problem is not grammar structures, there is a biggest trouble and it is how to develop a meaningful and clear communication between learner and teacher in order to facilitate the language acquisition process. As Underwood (1,989) pointed out that before start ing a task it is important to tune students with the activity’s expectations in order to avoid misunderstandings in the teacher and students interaction . <br /> Besides, input plays an important role because , students need to understand and comprehend the language before they give output, and it is develop by teacher’s input that must be providing to students with ‘‘almost’’ real communicative situations in an artificial environment .Because of this reason it is important to take into account the environment . So, we need to change our mind creating natural context where our students can express their ideas in order to decrease language’s fears and to increase self esteem with the language and at the end students can get right with any grammar rule. <br />