Dental Question Bank

Dental Question Bank
1 1. For lower premolars, the purpose of inclining the handpiece lingually is to A. B. C. D. Avoid
buccal pulp horn Avoid lingual pulp horn Remove unsupported enamel Conserve lingual dentine 2.
For an amalgam Restoration of weakened cusp you should A. B. C. Reduce cusp by 2mm on a flat
base for more resistance Reduce cusp by 2mm following the outline of the cusp Reduce 2mm for
retention form 3. Before filling a class V abrasion cavity with GIC you should A. B. C. Clean with
pumice, rubber cup, water and weak acid Dry the cavity thoroughly before doing anything Acid itch
cavity then dry thoroughly 4. Which of the following statement about the defective margins of
amalgam restoration is true? A. The larger the breakdown, the greater ... Show more content on
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C. Start endodontic treatment Extraction of tooth 22. What is the main purpose of performing pulp
test on a recently traumatised tooth A. B. Obtain baseline response Obtain accurate indication about
pulp vitality 23. What is the main function of EDTA in endodontics A. Decalcification of dentine B.
Cleaning debris from root canal 24. Which is NOT TRUE in relation to the prescription of 5mg or
10mg of diazepam for sedation A. B. Patient commonly complain of post operative headache An
acceptable level of anxiolytic action is obtained when the drug is given one hour preoperatively C.
There is a profound amnesic action and no side affects D. Active metabolites can give a level of
sedation up to 8 hours post operatively E. As Benzodiazepine the action can be reversed with
Flumazepil 25. Which of the following is TRUE in regards to high risk patient A. 0.1ml of blood
from Hepatitis B carrier is less infective than 0.1ml of blood from HIV patient B. 0.1ml of blood
from Hepatitis B carrier is more infective than 0.1ml of blood from HIV patient C. Level of virus
are similar in the blood and saliva of HIV patient D. Level of virus in the saliva is not significant for
Hepatitis B patient E. The presence of Hepatitis B core Antigen in the blood means that active
disease is not present 26. Your employer in an attempt to update office sterilization procedures; what
would you recommend as the BEST method to verify that sterilization has occurred** A. Use spore
test
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Pharmaceutical Industry Ethical Practices
| Ethics in Corporate Society | | PHARMACEUTICAL MARKETING–the growing ethical concern?
Analytical Report |
| |
Madiha Raza
Noama Naeem
Sheikh Zargham Zaigham
LETTER OF AUTHORIZATION
November 5, 2011
Dear Readers,
As students of BBA, our course instructor of Ethics in Corporate Society, Ms. Tania Danish
authorized us to make a report on the "PHARMACEUTICAL MARKETING–the growing ethical
concern?" We were required to make a report in accordance to our learning in the course of Ethics in
Corporate Society and simultaneously increase our knowledge in regard with the ethics of
Pharmaceutical Marketing in Pakistan.
This report is to be produced to explore ethical issues in Pharmaceutical Marketing in Pakistan and
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
39 Ethically Wrong or Right? 46 Common Practices 47 Independence of Healthcare Professionals:
47 Interactions with Healthcare Professionals: 47 Separation between promotion and non–
promotion: 47 Promotional content: 47 No pre–approval and off–label promotion: 48 Adverse
events reporting: 48 Privacy of patient data: 48 Standards Followed in Most Common Practices: 48
Events: 48 Promotional Content 49 Promotional interactions with HCPs 50 Non–promotional
interactions with HCPs 51 Communication with patients 52 Interactions with

Hepatitis C (HCV)
Hepatitis C (HCV), a single stranded RNA virus from the family Flaviviridae, now accounts for
more disease and death that does human immunodeficiency virus HIV/AIDS. Approximately 3
million individuals within the United States are currently suffering from what was once and
unknown and untreatable virus. Non–A and non–B hepatitis are two forms of the virus that were
prevalent back in the 1970's. It was commonly acquired via blood transfusion as well as through
hemodialysis methods of renal failure patients (Klevens et al., 2012). Today, the most common
means of transmission are through intravenous drug use, needle stick injuries in a health care
setting, and transmission from mother to fetus during birth (Center for Disease Control and ... Show
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The liver is involved in many functions of the body which are important for survival. It is the main
filtering organ of the body and is involved in processes such a synthesis of plasma proteins, storage
of glycogen for energy use as well as excretion, secretion and detoxification of products such as
bilirubin, alcohol, cholesterol and drugs. Since the liver is the only organ to rid hemoglobin from the
body, one of the most important functions it carries out is bilirubin metabolism. The heme
component of hemoglobin is first converted to bilirubin by set of enzymes. It is then bound to
albumin and transported to the liver hepatocytes where the enzyme uridyl diphosphate–glucoronyl
transferase converts bilirubin into water soluble conjugated form so it can be excreted into the
intestines. If the hepatocytes within the liver are damage due to invasion of HCV, bilirubin will not
be able to be excreted thus resulting in the buildup of bile. When bile builds up, the skin turn to a
yellowish color called jaundice. This usually happens during the later stages of hepatitis (Sunheimer
& Graves, 2011).
There are two phases of hepatitis C; acute and chronic. After exposure of HCV, 85–90% of both
types of hepatitis are usually asymptomatic but symptoms can occur during the acute phase
following a 2–12 week incubation period. In cases of acute hepatitis, symptoms consist of fatigue,

Physician Assistant – A Career Research Project. Lindsey
Physician Assistant – A Career Research Project
Lindsey Powell
Rowan Cabarrus Community College
Abstract This paper explores the career field of a Physician Assistant. The research accumulated in
this paper covers general information about becoming a Physician Assistant, information about a
specific employer who would hire someone desiring to become a Physician Assistant, and a
description of the typical career path one follows as he/she advances when becoming a Physician
Assistant. That includes the prerequisite requirements, job salary, job satisfaction, and many more.
In Section IV there is also an interview with Eddie Davis, who is a Physician Assistant at
OrthoCarolina. The findings in this research paper suggest that ... Show more content on
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In return, they must be able to treat patients and their families with compassion and understanding
(College Grad). PA's also need to be detail oriented. They should be observant and have a strong
ability to focus when evaluating and treating patients. Physician assistants, particularly those
working in surgery or emergency medicine, should be able to work well under pressure. They must
remain calm in stressful situations in order to provide quality care (College Grad). PA's need to
evaluate patients' symptoms and administer the appropriate treatments. So they must be diligent
when investigating complicated medical issues so that they can determine the best course of
treatment for each patient (College Grad). Section II With expert physicians and care providers in
locations throughout South East region, OrthoCarolina is one of the nation's leading orthopedic
practices (Ortho Carolina). Formed in 2005, by the merger of Charlotte Orthopedic Specialists and
Miller Orthopaedic Clinic, OrthoCarolina is also one of the nation's most comprehensive orthopedic
practices (Ortho Carolina). OrthoCarolina provides the perfect job and the benefits are just like
those of a doctor. Becoming a physician assistant can be a lucrative career path for those seeking
support roles in a hospital or clinical setting. Since demand for physician assistants is expected to
increase rapidly over the next

Robotics in Surgery
Robotics in Surgery Snehal S. Mayekar Department of Biomedical Engineering, YTIET, Bhivpuri
Road, Karjat. sm.little.snail@gmail.com Abstract–– Objective: Tracking the progress of new
Robotic Surgery techniques, their limitations and future scope. Background: The field of robotics
has the potential to alter how we live in the 21st century. This paper explores the Surgical Robotic
Systems in use, their applications during different surgeries and the future scope. Method: Articles
describing the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The system is like a third arm of the surgeon. It is operated by foot pedals which got rid of frequent
problems due to hand tremors. In December 1993, the Aesop 1000 system was approved by the
FDA. It became the first surgical visual aid robotic device certified by the FDA. The foot pedals,
although easy to control for well trained surgeons, were a problem for new users as they had to look
down on the pedals before they could adjust them. Aesop 2000 released in 1996 used voice control,
the Aesop 3000 released in 1998 added another degree of freedom in the arm, and the Aesop HR
version was networked with other smart devices. In few years time thousands of surgical procedures
were performed using Aesop's robotic technology. The Zeus Robotic Surgical System with three
robotic arms attached on the side of the operation table was extension of Aesop's arms to control
surgical instruments. Fig. 1 Zeus Robotic Surgical System The first prototype was demonstrated in
1995, tested in animal in 1996, first tubal re–anastomosis and first CABG procedure carried out in
1998, Micro–wrist and Micro–Joint added after 2000. Micro joints in Zeus were designed to hold 28
different instruments including scalpels, hooks to tie knots, scissors and dissector. Surgeon carried
out surgical procedure using small hand joystick which in turn controlled the micro

Advertisemet Analysis of Johnson Baby Powder
Report on 2013 Advertisement analysis of Johnson's baby powder Related organization: Johnson
& Johnson The report contains analysis of advertisement campaign of Johnson's baby powder
product line. Submitted to: Mr. Abhinav Nigam Assist. Professor Banasthali University Submitted
by: Versha Gupta MBA 2nd Year Banasthali University Banasthali university Acknowledgement
Many of the ideas that lead me to design and develop the first objective of the project
"Advertisement Analysis Of Johnson Baby Soap" and the second objective "To know about the
brand" resulted from a distillation of the experience and opinions of many people. It would be
prudent to commence this report with a sincere tribute to all those ... Show more content on
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Patrick Whaley and in 1948, started marketing Johnson's Baby Powder which was manufactured by
a local company, British Drug House, in Mumbai. In September 1957, a new company – Johnson
& Johnson Limited was created and registered with 12 employees on its roll. The company was
licensed to manufacture a broad range of consumer and hospital products. Production began in 1959
from the earliest Johnson & Johnson plant in Mulund in Mumbai. Mr. Whaley became the first
MD of the company and served for 14 years. The company prospered under his able leadership. In
the years that followed, Johnson & Johnson Limited established a reputation for quality with a
range of products that represented virtually every sector of the company's business internationally.
The 60s was a decade of manufacturing growth. The first Ethicon plant was set up in Dharavi in
Mumbai to manufacture Catgut sutures. In 1966, the Bhandup plant in Mumbai was set up to
manufacture feminine hygiene products. The Ortho Diagnostics' manufacturing unit was set up in
1970 and shifted to Deonar in Mumbai. In 1975, Ethnor Limited (merged with Johnson &
Johnson in 1994). Set up a plant for manufacturing pharmaceutical and ethical products of Ortho–
McNeil Laboratories and Cilag Chemie. A second manufacturing plant for personal products started
in Bhandup in Mumbai. The state–of–the–art Ethicon plant in Aurangabad became operational in
1991. The latest addition to the family is the

Johnson & Johnson : A Valuable Company
Johnson & Johnson is a valuable company to invest in. Its great increase in stock prices this year
shows that other investors believe so as well. With a 52 week range from 68.6 to 96 showing and
increase of 27.4, an approximate percent change of 40%, it shows that there is great hope in this
company. Also back to back positive quarterly sales make the company more appealing. The third
quarterly sales showed an overall increase of 3.1% compared to last year's third quarter sales,
beating projected expectations for the company. The FDA also recently approved the company's
treatment Olysio for hepatitis C. According to Anna Edney's Bloomberg article on the topic, the
market for the drug could reach more than 100 billion dollars over a decade and may generate about
447 million dollars for Johnson & Johnson in the year 2016. The market for the drug is substantial.
Approximately 4 million Americans have the diseases and the clinical success of the drug showed
that the drug can shorten current treatment time by half. Johnson & Johnson's decision to sell its
Ortho Clinical Diagnostics section, due to its shrinking market, and spend more time investing in
molecular diagnostics shows the companies awareness and initiative in trying to better the company.
According to market research on yahoo finance, molecular diagnostics market is poised to grow at a
compound annual growth rate of 9.1% in the next five years. With emerging opportunities and
evident support from other investors,

Organization Structure of Yashoda Hospital
A REPORT ON THE ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF YASHODA HOSPITALS
Abstract: This report on the administration of Yashoda Hospital, Secunderabad is based on primary
data which was collected by visiting the various departments and specialties in the hospital. The
report describes the functioning of the hospital and the various organizational levels involved. It also
talks about the different departments and how they function.
This report can act as a window to the students of BITS regarding the working of the hospital. It can
also be useful for students to learn how an organization functions.
The recommendations given at the end of the report can be used to improve certain facilities made
available at the hospital.
Table of Contents ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The website of the hospital helped us in gathering useful data about the history of the hospital. We
familiarized ourselves with the various specialties and modern equipment available here through
this website.
The report then concludes with the various observations related to the analysis of our study. We
have made efforts to explore the various aspects of the administration, services, facilities and
equipment available at Yashoda Hospital, Secunderabad.
We have jotted down the overview of our orientation program which helped us choose our area of
interest for the project to be submitted at the end of our learning tenure at the hospital.
The report with its conclusions will help us dissect the fundamentals of administration at the
hospital. We have used the data to make useful recommendations for upgrading the working of the
various departments of the hospital. We have also made an effort to suggest improvement in the
existing administrative conditions. Organized and reasonable recommendations are suggested at the
end of this report.
Yashoda as an organization
Yashoda Hospitals is a full fledged corporate organization in its structure. The hierarchy of the
organization is headed by the Management – Dr. G Surender Rao, Dr. G Ravinder Rao and Dr. G

Devender Rao. The Board of Directors is directly under the management and is the body in charge
of the running of the hospital. The Medical Superintendent or Chief Medical Administrator

Abstract Nuclear Medicine: Radiopharmacology
Física da Radiação, 1º semestre, IST, 2010/2011 1 Radiopharmacology
Radiopharmacology
Diogo Ferreira, diogo.cunha.ferreira123@gmail.com MSc student in Biomedical Engineering,
Instituto Superior Técnico, student no58548
Abstract Nuclear Medicine is the branch of medicine concerned with the use of radio–nuclides in
the study and the diagnosis of diseases, eg. the assessment of organ function, detection and
treatment of some diseases or monitoring of treatment's effects. It provides physiological (not
available from other imaging modalities) and diagnostic information. In the other hand, it uses very
small amounts of radioactive material (radiopharmaceuticals, RP) that is introduced into the body
and acts as a tracer. Information ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Notice that the metabolic function of the brain with late stage Alzheimer 's resembles that of a child.
This correlates with the child–like functional behavior of these patients, [15]. 1. Radioactive
processes and interaction with matter
Figure 2. Neutron (x axis)/Proton (y axis) ratio and decay. Notice that this ratio in stable isotopes
becomes greater than 1 as the mass increases.
A nucleus is specified by its number of protons Z, number of neutrons N, and the mass number A =
Z+N. The nucleons (protons and neutrons) in a nucleus are bound together – their total energy is
less than the total energy of the separated particles. The binding energy is the amount of energy
given up when the nucleus is formed. Plotting the binding energy per nucleon versus the mass
number A (Figure 1) shows that starting from Hydrogen, nuclei become more stable as there are
more protons and neutrons, until Iron. After that, the trend reverses.
becomes stable. This process is called a radioactive series. For example, the series for U238 will go
through 8 alpha emissions and 6 beta emissions before becoming the stable nucleus Pb–206. The
curve of stable nuclei portrays in Figure 2 is the result of the balancing act between the various
repulsive and attractive effects [1]: Electric force, repulsive, is the obvious electric repulsion
between the protons each carrying a positive charge; Uncertainty principle,

Exam 38176000 Med Billing & Coding Essay
Page 1/11 Ashley Kailian 1800 N.Hills Rd Apt 406 York, Pa, 17406 Student Number: 21648849
Examination: 38176000 1.List the three goals of Physician Payment Reform. 1. Decrease Medicare
expenditures, Re–Distribute physicians payments more equitibly, Ensure quality health care at a
reasonable rate. 2. Mr. Jones is admitted to the hospital by the orthopedic surgeon for severe hip
pain. The ortho surgeon provides an initial hospital visit during which it's determined that Mr. Jones
has a fractured hip that will require surgical intervention. Mr. Jones is taken later that day to the OR,
where the doctor performs the surgical procedure to repair Mr. Jones' hip. Which modifier would
you use for the hospital ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
SUBJECTIVE: This is a 38–year–old female who presents to the emergency room with a history of
currently being under treatment for a right corneal abrasion that occurred on Sunday. She states she
was seen by the "eye doctor earlier today" and now has a bandage over her eye. Apparently her eye
is opened underneath the bandage, and she is unable to close her eyelid. She feels her eyelid is stuck
to the bandage. OBJECTIVE: She is afebrile with stable vital signs. The patch was removed and
there was a folded piece of Telfa that had slipped down and her upper eyelid was unable to close
over the top of this. The Telfa was removed and a wet patch was placed. This did provide significant
comfort. Her eye patch was reinforced. ASSESSMENT: 1. Right corneal abrasion under treatment.
2. Eye patch replaced as described above. PLAN: She has a follow up visit tomorrow morning with
ophthalmology. I told her she needs to keep that appointment. She is to return here sooner if she is
having increasing problems. CPT Code: ____________________ ICD–9–CM Code:
____________________ 14. CPT Code: 99281/ICD–9–CM Code: 918.1 15. Provide the CPT
code(s) for the following hospital scenario. PROGRESS NOTE: The patient is seen today. She has
been transferred from the ICU to the floor. She has essentially stabilized. Again, she is having some
type of seizure activity. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: Her vitals overall are fairly well stabilized.
Her

Orthopedic Doctor Advantages And Disadvantages
Orthopedic doctor are physicians who deals with disorders and diseases of the body's
musculoskeletal system which includes issues and diseases related to bones, muscles, joints,
ligaments, nerves and tendons. Orthopedic surgeons specialize in joint replacement like hip
surfacing, knee replacement and elbow replacement and also repairs damaged nerves or relocation
of compressed nerves. They provide treatments of Musculoskeletal Infections, Revision Hip and
Knee Arthroplasty & Spine pain. For any problem or issues related to joints and bones one should
contact an orthopedic doctor immediately. Here is a list of top ten Orthopedic Doctors in West
Bengal who have a good reputation and excellence in the field of orthopedics. Top 10 Orthopedic
Doctors in West Bengal Dr. Amitava Narayan Mukherjee Dr. Amitava Narayan Mukherjee is an
Orthopedist in West Bengal who practices in Baguihati, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Prabir Kumar Bala Dr. Prabir Kumar Bala is a renowned Orthopedic Surgeon in West Bengal. He
has an experience of 10 years in this field. he is also an Assistant Professor in Orthpedic Department
in Calcutta Medical College, Kolkata. He specializes in Hip Replacement, Knee Braces For
Osteoarthritis & Spinal Therapy. He practices at Dr. Prabir Kumar Bala Clinic in Dumdum, Kolkata
on MON, WED, FRI between 6:00 PM – 7:30 PM. Consultation fee is INR 400. Address: 75,Dum
Dum Road, Kolkata Conclusion: Now days, it is a common issue that Many people are always
suffering from pain in knees, joints & back pain etc. We can recover by doing proper physical
exercises and yoga. Also, one should eat a healthy diet which must contain calcium and other
important nutrients and vitamins. This list of the best Orthopedic Doctors in West Bengal, along
with their contacts, will certainly help you to find an Orthopedic Doctor for your problem. This
article is written by Shokhi Shreya for Digimyx Infotech Pvt.

Pain And Its Effects On Pain
Pain
The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and
emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of
such damage" (1979). Pain is actually the culprit behind warranting a visit to a physician office for
many people (Besson, 1999). Notoriously unpleasant, pain could also pose a threat as both a
psychological and economic burden (Phillips, 2006). Sometimes pain does happen without any
damage of tissue or any likely diseased state. The reasons for such pain are poorly understood and
the term used to describe such type of pain is "psychogenic pain". Also, the loss of productivity and
daily activity due to pain is also significant. Pain engulfs a trillion dollars of GDP for lost work time
and disability payments (Melnikova, 2010). Untreated pain not only impacts a person suffering from
pain but also impacts their whole family. A person's quality of life is negatively impacted by pain
and it diminishes their ability to concentrate, work, exercise, socialize, perform daily routines, and
sleep. All of these negative impacts ultimately lead to much more severe behavioral effects such as
depression, aggression, mood alterations, isolation, and loss of self–esteem, which pose a great
threat to human society.
Types of pain:
Based on the duration of persistence, pain is often divided into two broad categories as mentioned
below.
Acute pain:
Acute pain is often a result of injury or

Medication List Essay
Medication List
Generic Name Dose Reason for Taking Potential Side Effects impacting oral health or delivery of
dental care
Lorazepam
1mg oral tab
3 x day
Anxiety "drowsiness, dizziness, loss of coordination, headache, nausea, blurred vision, heartburn,
and change in appetite"
Dental aspect –
"Used as oral sedative for dental anxiety one hour before the procedure.
An adult companion should accompany the patient to and from dental office
Can cause xerostomia, normal salivary flow resumes after discontinuation"
Levocarnitine
(with sugar) 100 mg/mL oral solution n, take 3mL TID To treat low level of blood carnitine caused
by use of valproic acid. Dental:
Taste perversion
Valproic acid
750 mg every 8 hours, earlier it was 250 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Biases :
Different dosage , timing of medication were used and age of the patient and medical conditions
were higly variable, also the parameters to determine efficacy was variable .
Was your clinical treatment consistent with the best available scientific evidence? Describe why or
why not.
Non–surgical treatment like SRP, oral hygiene instruction, chlorhexidine mouthwash was chosen for
the patient. Even in the article non–surgical treatment was chosen as first option for most of the
patients and it was required to reduce inflammatory component in the gingival tissue.
Strength :

Complete medication list and medical history was provided by care taker
A and was utilized in the report.
Weakness:
Intraoral pictures were not available, intraoral radiographs that were taken were not ass diagnostic
but helpful to determine Bone

Orthodontics Personal Statement
I have always been amazed by the joy of discovering. The stimulating part of the challenge, which
leads to the discovery, seems to be fascinating to my mind. I was led into the field of radiology for
the same reason. It would satisfy the desire for putting the pieces of the puzzle together and coming
up with an explanation or diagnosis, which would describe the abnormality.
When I started my job at University of Louisville, I had the chance to get a lot of interaction with
other departments as well as the department of orthodontics. I also got the chance to play with the
cutting edge technology of 3D printing, facial scanners and treatment planning softwares such as
dolphin.
I had the chance to participate in multiple complicated cases requiring a multidisciplinary practice in
which the patients needed a complicated and long ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3– Radiology is where the frontiers of medicine are extended by the application of technology and
physics, first in diagnosing
4– modalities and increasingly in therapeutic ones. It is truly inspiring to witness and be a part of
this evolution in dentistry.
Conclusion:
1– My interest in orthodontics is deep–rooted and I possess the skills and qualities necessary to be
an excellent resident and future orthodontist. My work experience has helped me refine and develop
these qualities, and I have successfully applied them during my work experience. My experience as
a professor and a radiologist have helped me to develop the ability to think visually, pay strict
attention to detail and most importantly to decipher relevant facts out of mountains of information
and communicate them effectively both in writing and verbally.
2– While working with technology I have learned to analyze and interpret data, work efficiently and
apply tools and science to solve practical

Ortho Clinical Diagnostics
Internships
Electrical Engineering Internship–Ortho Clinical Diagnostics: The internship offered at Ortho
Clinical Diagnostic located in New Hampshire provides a position for a well driven individual an
extraordinary opportunity to work with a team. Ortho Clinical Diagnostics is a large global company
that is a provider in vitro diagnostics. This internship allows you to have the opportunity to work
under a Senior Engineer and work on projects in collaboration with a team. To apply, you must be
studying electrical engineering, complete 3 years towards an undergraduate degree, have soldering
skills, knowledge of electrical equipment and a minimum of a 3.0 cumulative GPA. Application
deadline is April 16.
Electrical/Electronics Engineering Intern – RF ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This field first became more known in the late nineteenth century. It was able to develop so much
because of the commercialization of the electric telegraph and the electrical power supply. Electrical
engineers mostly deal with power, optoelectronics, digital electronics, analog electronics, computer
science, artificial intelligence, control systems, electronics, signal processing and
telecommunications. An electrical engineer is able to create, manipulate, transmit and receive data
by electronic means such as 1's and 0's. What electrical engineers do is deal with problems
associated with large–scale electrical systems such as power, transmission, and motor control.
Electrical engineers deal with electrical components that can span from the earth all the way to
intergalactic space. One life changing invention is that of the transistors. The transistor is small
semiconductor that allows the flow of current to a source, it is able to stop or it amplify it depending
on the type used. This is only one of the many remarkable inventions electrical engineers get to deal

Johnson and Johnson Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Johnson and Johnson have revolutionized the way people think about health care, and has easily
become the pinnacle of success by doing so. Pioneers of the health care industry and overall human
health and well being, Johnson and Johnson is guided by its "Our Credo" and founding principle
that "doctors and nurses should use sterile sutures, dressings and bandages to treat peoples wounds"
(Johnson and Johnson – Our History).
Most of Johnson and Johnson's success can be attributed to its emphasis on decentralized
management, which allows for greater focus as the company blankets 250 countries across the
world (Johnson and Johnson – Strategic Planning). For the last 120 years, Johnson and Johnson
have been on the forefront of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
[pic]
Figure 2. 2006–2009 Revenue, Expenses, And Income Figures For All Business Segments
Ratio Analysis
Financial ratios provide a means to analyze the operations of a company in comparison to its
industry and its historical results.
Liquidity Ratios
Johnson and Johnson has a current ratio of 1.8X which is the same as the current ratio for the
industry. The quick ratio is 1.6X compared to the industry's 1.4X provides further evidence of the
company's liquidity. This will provide needed working capital necessary to develop new products
and finance potential acquisitions. (Ventureline)
Johnson and Johnson's receivables turnover ratio is currently 6.4X and mirrors the current industry
average. It is also higher that it's three major competitors: Merck & Company, Novartis AG, and
Pfizer, Inc. This high ratio indicates an efficient collection of credit sales, which minimizes the wait
before funds are received and available for use.
Inventory turnover is currently at 3.6X and slightly better than the industry average of 3.5X. It is
also nearly twice as high as its three major competitors. This provides a competitive advantage since
there is not a high level of inventory that could be deemed obsolete due to new drug developments

or decreased potency. In addition, capital is not tied up in maintaining inventories that do not
provide any return.
Debt Ratios
The current times interest earned ratio for Johnson and Johnson is 25.1X compared to the

Johnson & Johnson : Human Health And Wellbeing Essay
Johnson & Johnson is a multinational company, which specializes in pharmaceuticals, medical
devices and consumer goods. Johnson & Johnson was founded in 1886 in New Brunswick, New
Jersey. The Company has more than 265 operating companies conducting business around the
world. The Company 's primary focus is the products related to human health and wellbeing, and its
continuing effort to diversify its business as well as increase profits by constantly acquiring new
companies. Johnson & Johnson is organized on the principles of decentralized management, where
the executive committee of the company is the principal management group who is responsible for
the domestic and international operations.
The Company is organized into three business segments: Pharmaceutical, Medical Devices and
Consumer. Out of the three, Johnson & Johnson have the highest sales within the pharmaceutical
segment, which contributes over 43% of the company's revenue and generated revenue of about
$32.3 billion in 2014. As a percentage of sales, the pre–tax profits for the pharmaceuticals segment
were 36.2% in 2014. This was achieved due to the strong sales of high margin products.
Pharmaceutical segment has several multi–million dollar drugs covering a broad range of areas such
as neuroscience cardiovascular and metabolism immunology oncology and infectious diseases as
well as vaccines. Products in this segment are distributed directly to retailers, wholesalers, hospitals
and health care professionals for

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