Did We Fix The Ozone Layer?
Ozone Layer Protection
The Effects of Ozone Depletion Essay
Annotated Bibliography : Ozone Layers And Holes
The Effect Of Ozone Layer On The Environment
Ozone Layer Depletion
Essay on OZONE DEPLETION BY HUMAN’S ACTIONS
Ozone Layer
Essay on Ozone Depletion
Impact Of Pollution On Ozone Depletion
The Depletion Of The Ozone Layer
The Atmosphere and The Ozone Layer
Essay about Ozone Layer Depletion
The Ozone Layer and Climate Change Essays
Ozone Layer Depletion And Its Effects
Speech On The Ozone Layer
The Ozone Layer And Global Climate Change
Cause And Effects Of Ozone Depletion
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Ozone Layer Essay
1. Did We Fix The Ozone Layer?
Did we fix the ozone layer?
The ozone layer is a naturally occurring gas that acts like a blanket filtering out the Suns UV
radiation. The ozone layer has a hole in it which allows UV radiation to reach the earth's surface.
Causing skin cancer, cataracts, and weaker immune systems. The hole in the ozone layer is caused by
chlorofluorocarbons. Commonly found in aerosols, refrigerators, air conditioners and cars. In the
documentary An inconvenient truth, Al Gore stated that they fix the hole in the ozone layer.
Temperature readings from NOAA satellites state that during late September 2006 the rim of
Antarctica was 9В° colder than usual. Causing the size of the ozone layer hole to increase 1.2 to 1.5
million square miles proving
Al Gore
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2. Ozone Layer Protection
Case Study of Environmental Conservation of Ozone in Hong Kong The ozone layer present in the
stratosphere of the Earth is utmost important to us as it protects us from the exposure of ultraviolet
rays which leads to several harmful effects. Without the ozone layer, human will be more prone to
skin cancer and eye cataracts. Ultraviolet rays can also cause harm to marine life by reducing the
amount of planktons and consequently depreciates the amount of fishes in the ocean. Besides that,
the depletion of the ozone layer disrupts the production of crops and forest growth, another two
things which are essential to human life and another reason why the ozone layer is substantial to us
(Gleason, K., 2008). The Montreal Protocol was created...show more content...
Air conditioners which use refrigerants such as R–410A and R–134A should be used instead as a
replacement for those which use HCFCs to protect the ozone layer from complete depletion
(People's Daily Online, 2009). Besides that, Hong Kong has executed the Ozone Layer Protection
Ordinance in 1989 to ban the import of certain products and also to control the manufacturing of
ozone depleting substances in the country. This ordinance has also applied licensing restrictions
to the imports and exports coming in and out of the country based on GovHK (2011). In
conclusion, the depletion of ozone layer can cause much harm and danger to the country and
therefore, actions must be taken to stop this disaster from happening. A comfortable life would
most definitely be a preference but there are always alternatives to enjoy a better life without the
usage of ozone depletion chemicals. If the citizens of Hong Kong play by the rules, it would be a
great start to a whole new generation where the usage of hydro chlorofluorocarbons will be
eliminated and the existence of the ozone layer can be prolonged.
Reference Gleason, K. (2008, March 20). Science: Basic Ozones. Retrieved from http:/
/www.ozonelayer.noaa.gov/science/basics.htm United NationsEnvironment Programme (UNEP),
(2012, January 23). South Sudan Joins Montreal Protocol and Commits to Phasing Out
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3. The Effects of Ozone Depletion Essay
The ozone layer is a deep layer in the Earth's stratosphere that has an altitude of about 6.2 miles and
contains a high concentration of ozone molecules. The ozone layer shields the entire Earth from
some of the harmful ultraviolet rays that come from the sun. The Earth's atmosphere is composed of
several layers, but the layer that we live in – the "troposphere" – is where most weather occurs.
Above the troposphere is the stratosphere which is where most of the effects caused by ozone holes
and global warming originate. The ozone layer absorbs 97% to about 99% of the Sun's
medium–frequency ultraviolet light which could otherwise potentially harm and damage exposed
life forms on the surface of the Earth. There are three main types of...show more content...
When chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) reach the stratosphere, the
Suns' ultraviolet radiation causes these compounds to break apart and release chlorine atoms which
then begin to react with the ozone. Just one chlorine atom in the ozone can break more than 100,000
ozone molecules. Other chemicals that are harmful to the ozone include methyl bromide (which is
used as pesticide), halons (which are used in fire extinguishers), and methyl chloroform (used as a
solvent in industrial processes). When methyl bromide and halons rise to the atmosphere and break
apart, they release bromine atoms. These bromine atoms are approximately 60 times more
destructive to the ozone layer than chlorine atoms are.
Dramatic loss of the ozone in the lower stratosphere was discovered over Antarctica in the 1970s.
The severe depletion of stratospheric ozone in the Antarctic has increased ultraviolet radiation at the
surface and affected climate at southern high latitudes and northern low latitudes. Due to these
several ozone hole discoveries, an international treaty was signed in 1973 called the Montreal
Protocol. The treaty was enacted to help reduce the manufacturing of these chemicals that
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4. Annotated Bibliography : Ozone Layers And Holes
Marco Aldana
Introduction to Cosmology
Professor Dawdy
25 October 2017
Annotated Bibliography "Ozone Layers and Holes"
Many of us might not understand how important the ozone layer is to our planet. So that is why we
should take more care of our environment so we don't deplete our ozone layer even more. To some
this topic may not be important and they don't understand what affects these dangerous chemicals
can have on our environment. Hopefully reading this they will want to take better care of our planet
for our future generations.
"National Geographic: Eye in the Sky––ozone, Pollution." National Geographic: Eye in the
Sky––ozone, Pollution. National Geographic, n.d. Web. 22 Oct. 2017. National Geographic wrote
the article "Good Ozone, Bad Ozone". The article is about how there are both good parts of the
ozone layer and some bad parts of the ozone layer. The ozone layer is only good when the gas is
high above the ground if it is not then it can be very harmful for us. The bad thing about the
ozone layer is it is made up of poisonous gasses. Approximately 90 percent of the earth's ozone is
called the stratosphere. Many scientists believe that ozone layer is being destroyed due to
chemicals we use. The National Geographic was motivated to write this article to educate us on
how the ozone layer has a good and a bad layer. Even though, the ozone layer is helpful because it
protects us from harmful ultraviolet rays. It can be bad when the layer is depleted and
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5. The Effect Of Ozone Layer On The Environment
Ozone:
The role of the ozone layer in the environment: The ozone in the world 's upper environment, the
stratosphere, directs and diminishes Ultraviolet rays (the UV–B range). Keeping a lot of it from
getting the chance to ground level
The real function of the ozone layer is to stop the harmful radiations originating from the sun and in
addition from stars.
Ozone catches those radiations, which are of low wavelength. It likewise stops the destructive bright
beams. These radiations are extremely destructive for living creatures. In the event that these
radiations will achieve the earth specifically then the majority of the living creatures will need to
endure with skin issues.
Those radiations, which have the wavelength range not as much as that of 3000 Armstrong are
ingested for the most part by ozone layer. The reason for the depleted ozone layer:
The hole of the ozone layer is because of many issues. These revelations came to fruition through
numerous years of experimental examination, so how about we take an excursion back so as to pick
up a superior comprehension of how the ozone layer has been influenced by human action.
It started in the 1960s when researchers saw that their estimations of ozone in the air were lower than
what their models anticipated they ought to be. The researchers trusted that either actually or falsely
made chemicals were by one means or another exhausting the ozone.
For no good reason these chemicals were something numerous
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6. Ozone Layer Depletion
ISSUES AND CONCERNS ABOUT THE OZONE LAYER DEPLETION
INTRODUCTION
The ozone layer protects the Earth from the ultraviolet rays sent down by the sun. If the ozone layer
is depleted by human action, the effects on the planet could be catastrophic. In recent years, the
ozone layer has been the subject of much discussion. And rightly so, because the ozone layer
protects both plant and animal life on the planet. The atmosphere is divided into five layers: the
troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere. The
troposphere is the layer closest to earth and is where all weather happenings occur. The stratosphere
is located directly above the troposphere, about 10–50 kilometers above the planet, and houses
...show more content...
Although natural phenomena can cause temporary ozone loss, chlorine and bromine released from
man–made compounds such as CFCs are now accepted as the main cause of this depletion. The
production and emission of CFCs, is by far the leading cause.
Human activity is by far the most prevalent and destructive source of ozone depletion, while
threatening volcanic eruptions are less common. Human activity, such as the release of various
compounds containing chlorine or bromine, accounts for approximately 75 to 85 percent of ozone
damage. Perhaps the most evident and destructive molecule of this description is
chloroflourocarbon (CFC). CFCs were first used to clean electronic circuit boards, and as time
progressed, were used in aerosols and coolants, such as refrigerators and air conditioners. When
CFCs from these products are released into the atmosphere, the destruction begins. As CFCs are
emitted, the molecules float toward the ozone rich stratosphere. Then, when UV radiation contacts
the CFC molecule, this causes one chlorine atom to liberate. This free chlorine then reacts with an
ozone (O3) molecule to form chlorine monoxide (ClO) and a single oxygen molecule (O2). This
threatening chlorine atom then continues the cycle and results in further destruction of the ozone
layer. Measures have been taken to reduce the amount of CFC emission, but since CFCs have a life
span of 20–100
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7. Essay on OZONE DEPLETION BY HUMAN’S ACTIONS
OZONE DEPLETION BY HUMAN'S ACTIONS
The ozone layer is a very important component in the atmosphere. Ozone is not the same as the
oxygen humans breathe. There is very little of this gas in the atmosphere. First off, let's begin with
a definition of the ozone layer. Ozone is a hot, slightly bluish gas. It is a molecule made up of three
oxygen atoms, which are very similar to the molecule we are familiar with (O2), the molecule
needed for human respiration. Despite the major smog problem, about 90 percent of Earth's ozone
are actually in the stratosphere, a layer of the atmosphere far above the Earth's surface. It lies above
the troposhere, the miles–thick lower layer where air is densest and where most weather occurs. So,
it is...show more content...
If ozone did not act to filter a great deal of the ultra–violet radiation and if the rays were allowed to
reach the surface of the Earth, then our planet would be uninhabitable for life (Lutgens3). Ozone
depletion and over–exposure to enhanced UV–B radiation can lead to deadly melanoma skin cancer,
increased eye cataracts, and damages to the near surface oceanic phytoplankton, which is the basis
of the food chain. The natural depletion of the stratospheric ozone chemistry cycle has been severely
interrupted by ozone depletion associated with the decay of chlorofluorocarbons ("Links"4). These
are contained in a wide range of products, including aerosol sprays and refrigerants and insulating
foam packaging.
Ozone concentrations are measured by a Dobson spectrophotometer and satellite–based instruments
and results from these measurements show a decrease in stratospheric ozone levels of about 1
percent per year since 1979. Studies show that every 1 percent decrease in ozone should produce a 2
percent increase in UV–B radiation, and a 4 percent increase in skin cancer (Thompson5).
Recently in the Arctic, the presence of significant CIO in the stratosphere has been established
(Thompson 6). This shows the process of ozone destruction in the Arctic. In this case, the ozone
level in the Arctic also decreases. The frequency of this is not known. There may be a relationship
between large volcanic eruptions and even greater loss
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8. Ozone Layer
What is the ozone layer and why is it important?
The ozone layer is a concentration of ozone molecules in the stratosphere. About 90% of the planet's
ozone is in the ozone layer. The layer of the Earth's atmosphere that surrounds us is called the
troposphere. The stratosphere, the next higher layer, extends about 10–50 kilometers above the
Earth's surface. Stratospheric ozone is a naturally–occurring gas that filters the sun's ultraviolet (UV)
radiation. A diminished ozone layer allows more radiation to reach the Earth's surface. For people,
overexposure to UV rays can lead to skin cancer, cataracts, and weakened immune systems.
Increased UV can also lead to reduced crop yield and disruptions in the marine food chain.
How does ozone...show more content...
In contrast, CFCs are not broken down in the lower atmosphere and do not dissolve in water. The
chlorine in these human–made molecules does reach the stratosphere. Measurements show that the
increase in stratospheric chlorine since 1985 matches the amount released from CFCs and other
ozone–depleting substances produced and released by human activities.
What is being done about ozone depletion?
In 1978, the use of CFC propellants in spray cans was banned in the U.S. In the 1980s, the
Antarctic "ozone hole" appeared and an international science assessment more strongly linked the
release of CFCs and ozone depletion. It became evident that a stronger worldwide response was
needed. In 1987, the Montreal Protocol was signed and the signatory nations committed themselves
to a reduction in the use of CFCs and other ozone–depleting substances.
Since that time, the treaty has been amended multiple times to accelerate the phaseout of CFCs,
HCFCs, and other ozone depleting substances. Today, over 190 countries have ratified the treaty.The
next step in the elimination of ozone depleting substances occurs in 2010 when EPA will ban the
production of the most harmful HCFCs. This production phaseout is possible because of efforts to
ensure that there are substitute chemicals and technologies for the compounds being phased out.
Is there general agreement among scientists on the
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9. INTRODUCTION the ozone hole is a big issue in Australia, the hole cause a lot of trouble that
Australia don't want, the ozone cause skin disease, sun burn, fainted and more, in the past, there is
no worries when you play outdoor, you don't need to think that you or your kids will have a sun
burn, or they may die with skin cancer, you don't need to force your kids to where a hat to prevent
sunburn or skin cancer. The ozone layer is harm in the industrial revolution, and when the ozone
layer was broke, things change,. MAIN BODY When the industrial revolution start, the gases that
the factory produce harm the ozone layer, but they don't know, so this situation continues for 5 years,
than the government realize that this is a situation, then
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10. Essay on Ozone Depletion
Ozone Depletion
Atmospheric ozone layer depletion is a serious problem currently facing the world. The ozone layer
protects humans, animals, and plants from harmful ultraviolet rays. Money and time are being spent
on ozone repair, but the problem still exists.
The ozone layer is a region of the stratosphere containing ozone, or O3 gas. The ozone layer is
essential to both plant and animal life on earth because it protects the surface from dangerous
ultraviolet light.
However, industrial and domestic chemicals that are currently in use have been found to destroy
ozone, and the problem has escalated to an ozone layer "hole" above Antarctica. Ozone levels there
are 40 percent below normal, and there may be another ozone hole...show more content...
The compounds most responsible for ozone layer destruction are CFC–11 (trichlorofluoromethane),
CFCl3; CFC–12 (dichlorodifluoromethane), CF2Cl2; and CFC–113 (1,1,2 trichlorotrifluoroethane),
CF2ClCFCl2. All of these compounds are excellent refrigerants, and CFC–12 is marketed by DuPont
as Freonв„ў.3
The word "CFC" has become a generic term referring to any substance that is deleterious to the
ozone layer. However, many destructive compounds are not CFC's by definition. All
ozone–destroying compounds contain at least one of two common elements: chlorine, or the more
catalytic bromine. Compared atom–to–atom, bromine can destroy 10–100 times the number of ozone
molecules as chlorine. Fortunately, its atmospheric concentration is much smaller.3
One of the other O3–destructive groups is called the hydrochlorofluorocarbons, or HCFC's. HCFC's
are organic compounds in which not all of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by chlorine or
fluorine. One such compound is R–22 (HCFC–22), CHClF2.3
Some other non–CFC compounds that destroy the ozone layer include carbon tetrachloride
(tetrachloromethane), CCl4; methyl chloroform (1,1,1 trichloroethane), CH3CCl3; and methyl
chloride (chloromethane), CH3Cl.3
The result of ozone layer depletion is a increase in ultraviolet rays at the surface. Humans, animals,
marine life, and plants are all susceptible to UV
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11. Impact Of Pollution On Ozone Depletion
Jamie Kanzler Extended Essay: What is the impact of pollution on ozone depletion? Section 1:
Introduction Air is classified as a mixture because it is made up of many different elements. These
elements include 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% Argon, .4% water vapor, and .04% carbon dioxide.
Human activity has a very large effect on the air in our environment. Over time, humans have caused
the once clean air to become polluted with chemicals. These chemicals are called pollutants. A
pollutant is defined as a substance created from human activity, that is present at a concentration
greater than its natural levels, and has a harmful effect on the environment. Many different pollutants
exist in our air today and the concentration of these chemicals causes their toxicity to vary. Generally,
pollutants are classified into two groups: primary and secondary pollutants. A primary pollutant is a
chemical that enters directly into the atmosphere. Common primary pollutants include nitrogen
monoxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic compounds. A
volatile organic compound is a compound of carbon that participates in a photochemical reaction in
the atmosphere. The second type of pollutant, a secondary pollutant, is produced when primary
pollutants go through a chemical reaction with environmental constituents in the atmosphere.
Examples of secondary pollutants include sulfuric acid, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone. These
pollutants are "modified
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12. The Depletion Of The Ozone Layer
Over hundreds of thousands of years humans have adapted their way of life to the environment they
live in resulting in us developing different physical attributes, shelters, clothing, foods, languages
and beliefs. But there are elements in our world that all humans, no matter where or how they live
depend on, water and air. Both are essential for life but air also protects all of us and it is therefore
understandable that the response to the depletion of the ozone layer became international. This essay
will look at what the ozone layer is, why it was depleting, how the international response to this
situation developed and what this collaboration means for our future.
The envelope of gases surrounding the earth is called the atmosphere and it serves three critical
functions: it provides life–giving oxygen, keeps the earth warm, and protects us from deadly
ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Most of the atmosphere consists of nitrogen and oxygen
(See Figure 1). But these gases do not keep us warm or protect the earth from UV rays. For these
functions you have to turn to some of the trace gases found in the atmosphere, commonly referred to
as greenhouse gases. They are: water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, and nitrous oxide.
These trace gases function like the transparent covering of a greenhouse, allowing sunlight to filter
through to the earth 's surface, then trapping in the heat. Without this greenhouse effect the earth 's
temperature would plummet far
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13. The Atmosphere and The Ozone Layer
The atmosphere is an amazing creation. It contains many things that help make this world a place
where we can live. The atmosphere contains ozone. That helps protect our skin from harmful sun
rays. Many layers make up our atmosphere. There are five main layers, the troposphere, stratosphere,
mesosphere, thermosphere, and lastly the exosphere. Each layer has a different purpose. Clouds are
located in the atmosphere and are a big part of the water cycle. There are different types of clouds
and they all have different effects. Conduction and convection also play a big part in how we live
our lives today.
Ozone is a gas in the atmosphere. It absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Without ozone, our
skin would burn from the suns radiation. Ozone can be either good or bad for your health. It
depends on the location of it in the atmosphere. It can also be bad for the environment. When ozone
is near the ground it is considered very dangerous. During the hot summer months ozone levels
should be monitored. In the summer, more harmful ozone concentrations are in the air we use.
Inhaling ozone can be very dangerous to our health. It can cause a number of health problems.
Scientists are figuring out ways to help keep the air clean and people and the environment healthy. (1)
There are many different layers in the atmosphere, five actually. The layer closest to theearth's
surface is the troposphere. The troposphere is again the very
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14. Essay about Ozone Layer Depletion
Ozone Layer Depletion
Ozone is a natural trace component of the atmosphere. It is created continuously through
the action of sunlight and oxygen in the upper atmosphere. At the same time this destroyed by
various reactions with other components in the air. The next result of these natural processes is the
so–called ozone layer in the stratosphere at altitudes between 15 and 50 kilometers in which the
concentration of the ozone is raised. Ozone is a colorless gas, a form of oxygen. However, an
ordinary molecule of oxygen contains two atoms. Because of ozone's composition, it is reactive. It
readily combines with whatever materials it comes in contact with, including such biological
substances as cells and...show more content...
At first, the gas was little protection
from the sun's UV radiation. But according to some evolutionary theories, life forms on earth may
have been able to develop in water that filtered out most of the UV rays but allowed enough visible
lights for chemical reactions to take place.
However, ozone concentration are not static, winds transport, ozone throughout the
stratosphere. Although the photochemical process constantly produces ozone, it is also destroyed by
chemical reactions involving such gases as nitrogen, hydrogen, and chlorine. In addition, the
amounts of ozone change with seasons. The end results, is that over centuries
ozone in the stratosphere has maintained a dynamic equilibrium: the production and loss processes
have balanced. Keeping a layer of ozone around the planet that protects all life from too much UV
radiation. However, that delicate balance now may be threatened. Why did scientist become
concerned about the ozone layer? A number of events prompted scientific
15. research into the possibility that the ozone layer might be in danger. The research on the
stratospheric effects of shuttle launches altered others in the scientific community and in
government agencies to view chlorine compounds as possible threats to the ozone layer. Damage to
the ozone layer is largely caused by the release of certain volatile chemicals in the halogenated
hydrocarbons
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16. The Ozone Layer and Climate Change Essays
Since the beginning of the industrial revolution early in the nineteenth century, our ability to change
the world around us has become profound. At first, the impact on our planet was almost
imperceptible, but as we have grown both in number and technological capability, that influence has
grown with us. Lately, the effects of our increased activity have begun to manifest themselves in a
multitude of subtle, and some not so subtle ways: we have thinned the ozone layer and may now be
starting to change the very climate system upon which we and all other life on Earth depend. In
effect, we are experimenting with the future, but unlike performing a laboratory experiment, which
can be scrapped and begun anew if it fails, altering the climate...show more content...
The full radiation, unhindered by this filtering effect, would destroy animal tissue. Higher levels of
radiation resulting from the depletion of the ozone layer has been linked with increases in skin
cancers, impaired immune systems, cataracts, damage to vegetation, and have been implicated in the
decline of certain amphibian species and the marine food web, such as phytoplankton.
Phytoplankton is an important link in the marine food chain and without it food populations could
decline. Because plants "breathe in" carbon dioxide and "breathe out" oxygen, carbon dioxide levels
in the air could also increase (EPA–OAQPS Ozone: Good Up High, Bad Nearby). Ozone was
discovered in 1839 by C.F. Schoenbein as a by–product of electrical discharges. The fact that an
ozone layer existed in the stratosphere was not discovered until the early years of the twentieth
century when experimenters found that it strongly absorbed light in the ultraviolet region of the
electromagnetic spectrum.
The ozone has been thinning since the 1970s, although undisputable proof of this was not obtained
until ten years later in the mid–1980s. Satellite observations indicate a worldwide thinning of the
protective ozone layer. The more noticeable losses occur over the North and South Poles because
ozone depletion accelerates in extremely cold weather conditions (EPA–OAQPS Ozone: Good Up
High, Bad Nearby). In the mid–1980's, scientists
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17. Ozone Layer Depletion And Its Effects
Ian Grimmond
Ozone Layer Depletion When you walk outside, there is a pale blue molecule up in the
Stratosphere that is protecting you every second of every day of your life, this molecule is called
ozone. Ozone is made of oxygen and has a chemical equation of OO2. It is layered all over our
Stratosphere and protects us from harmful UV rays from the sun. Without this in our atmosphere, we
would mostly likely not live as long on this Earth. Sadly however, this ozone layer is depleting, and
has been for the past 45–50 years. Ozone depletion occurs when chemicals in aerosol cans called
chlorofluorocarbons (or CFCs) are released in the atmosphere. These chemicals break down ozone
and make the layer of ozone we have become thinner and thinner. Chemicals known as halogens:
which includes, Iodine, Chlorine, Bromine, Astatine, and fluorine. The two halogens that are most
dangerous to the ozone layer are Bromine and Chlorine. This is because they are extremely potent
and can destroy many molecules of ozone with a single molecule. Singlehandedly one chlorine
molecule can be responsible for the breaking down of over 100,000 ozone molecules. You may
think "This doesn't affect me, I can't be hurt by this slow progression." However, ozone is depleting
is happening at an alarming rate. There are enormous ozone layer holes in the atmosphere, mainly
above the North and South Poles. Although it does not seem to pose a serious threat to people in the
mainland continents at
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18. Speech On The Ozone Layer
1) The ozone layer is a layer of ozone high up in the Earth's atmosphere stratosphere. The word
"ozone" means smelly in Greek because the gas has a strong odor. The ozone layer was
discovered in 1913 by the French physicists Charles Fabry and Henri Buisson. Ozone is created in
the stratosphere when high energy UV radiation causes on O2 molecule to split. The free oxygen
atoms collide and react with other O2 molecules to form O3. The exact amount of ozone that can be
found varies, the seasons influence it; it is also different in different places on the Earth. This layer
can absorb between 93 and 99 per cent of the ultraviolet radiation from the sun. This radiation is
dangerous to many living organisms on Earth. However, due to its high reactivity,...show more
content...
These are compounds used for refrigerants, fire extinguishers, and aerosol propellants. CFCs were
invented in the 1920s and were originally thought to be environmentally friendly, but time proved
otherwise. CFCs are very stable and do not dissolve in rain. Thus, there are no natural processes
that remove the CFCs from the lower atmosphere. Over time, winds drive the CFCs into the
stratosphere. The CFCs are so stable that only exposure to strong UV radiation breaks them down.
When that happens, the CFC molecule releases atomic chlorine. One chlorine atom can destroy
over 100,000 ozone molecules. The net effect is to destroy ozone faster than it is naturally created.
In 1974, two scientists named Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina were able to demonstrate how
CFCs were splitting ozone molecules into atmospheric oxygen and chlorine monoxide molecules,
and this work earned them the 1995 Nobel Prize in chemistry. Their research helped put new policy
into motion, and by 1979, the U.S. and other countries had banned CFCs in aerosol sprays, but not
for other
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19. The Ozone Layer And Global Climate Change
NASA states that, "In its Fourth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, a group of 1,300 independent scientific experts from countries all over the world under the
auspices of the United Nations, concluded there 's a more than 90 percent probability that human
activities over the past 250 years have warmed our planet". The ozone layer and a stable climate
temperature are the only thing protecting life on earth from the deadly UV rays and harmful global
temperature rise. All around the world today the ozone layer is constantly depleting and the overall
global temperature is constantly heating up whether anyone is acknowledging it or not, but there is
a cause. Ozone layer depletion and global climate change are naturally occurring events that have
been extremely and negatively heightened by human life. Not many people know what global
warming or the ozone layer actually is. The ozone layer is a layer in the earth 's stratosphere that
absorbs most of the ultra violet rays from the sun. Global warming is the progressive optimization
in the overall temperature of the earth 's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide levels have a major effect on
the earth's overall temperature. For 650,000 years the carbon level has fluctuated between 160 and
300 parts per million. 1950 to 2014 is when it immediately skyrocketed to 400 and continues to
increase today . About thirty years ago scientists unearthed a hole in the ozone layer. The ozone
layer hole is not a complete hole
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20. How do CFCs or chlorofluorocarbons affect Canada's Ozone layer. To answer this question we
first have to understand chlorofluorocarbons and the earth's ozone layer. Chlorofluorocarbons are
chemical compounds made up of three chlorine atoms. One fluorine atom and 1 carbon atom.
There were many uses for CFCs ranging from, being used as coolants in refrigerants to propellants
for aerosols to being used as solvents for dry cleaning. As CFCs are non– flammable and not very
toxic we thought they were a revolutionary compound, but unfortunately CFCs were one of the
leading causes for the depletion of our ozone layer. ozone is a type of oxygen, an ozone molecule
consists of three oxygen atoms whereas a regular oxygen molecule only consists of two.
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21. Cause And Effects Of Ozone Depletion
Some scientists have proclaimed that the human race is slowly depleting the layer of ozone which
protects us from ultra violet light. In reality, humans have very little control of the world in which
we live. Scientific evidence has shown that there is very little depletion in the ozone layer and the
contributions the human race makes towards this depletion is and always will be insignificant
compared to nature. The theories of the depletion and what it would cause are flawed and
contradictory. Where and when did this global killing threat begin? It all began in the mid 1960's
when the United States government began pursuing super sonic transports. These would be planes
which would travel in the stratosphere, very close to the ozone layer. The first environmentalist
complaints were actually of the noise factor. These large planes would be traveling in excess of the
speed of sound. Subsequently there would be sonic booms heard on the surface (Singer). The
arguments fell on deaf ears in Washington. The next objection came in the form ofozone depletion. A
fleet of over 500 of these planes would ultimately destroy the ozone. This would allow more ultra
violet radiation to fall to the earth and in turn skin cancer rates would sky rocket. That was more than
enough for the federal government to get involved, they immediately canceled the project. At that
time there was no study done to investigate these claims, but there has been since. The initial
estimation was that a fleet of
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