1. Grunt Productions 2006
Risk Assessment:Risk Assessment:
Principles and ModelPrinciples and Model
What is Involved?What is Involved?
2. Grunt Productions 2006
““Continual Risk Assessment”Continual Risk Assessment”
&&
Risk AssessmentRisk Assessment
Definition:Definition:
The continuous process of identifyingThe continuous process of identifying
hazards, assessing risk, taking action tohazards, assessing risk, taking action to
eliminate or reduce risk, monitoring andeliminate or reduce risk, monitoring and
reviewing, in the changingreviewing, in the changing
circumstances of operations, withoutcircumstances of operations, without
stopping the operation or creating morestopping the operation or creating more
paperwork.paperwork.
3. Grunt Productions 2006
““We may risk resources a lot, in a highlyWe may risk resources a lot, in a highly
calculated manner, to achieve the Task.”calculated manner, to achieve the Task.”
““We may risk resources a little in a highlyWe may risk resources a little in a highly
calculated manner, to achieve the Task.”calculated manner, to achieve the Task.”
““We will not risk resources at all to achieve theWe will not risk resources at all to achieve the
Task.”Task.”
The Risk AttitudeThe Risk Attitude
7. Grunt Productions 2006
Organisational ResponsibilityOrganisational Responsibility
Selection of
Personnel
Competent
Supervision
Training to
Achieve
Competence
Safe
Procedures
Effective
Instruction
Provision of
Risk
Information
Personal
Protective
Equipment
Provision and
Use of
Equipment
SAFE PERSON
8. Grunt Productions 2006
Personal ResponsibilityPersonal Responsibility
Competent to
Perform Tasks
Assigned
Adaptable to
Changing
Circumstances
Able to Recognise
Own Ability and
Limitations
Vigilant for Own
Safety and that
of Others
An Effective
Team Member
Self Disciplined to
Work within Accepted
Procedures
SAFE PERSON
9. Grunt Productions 2006
PhasesPhases
1.1. Initial AssessmentInitial Assessment
2.2. Continued AssessmentContinued Assessment
• Starting the JobStarting the Job
• DuringDuring
• Finishing the JobFinishing the Job
3.3. Re-view & Brief/De- BriefRe-view & Brief/De- Brief
• Record, feedback, lessons learnt
10. Grunt Productions 2006
Initial AssessmentInitial Assessment
Evaluate the situation, tasks, and persons at risk
1. Select system of work
2. Assess the chosen system of work
3. Introduce additional controls
4. Re-Assess systems of work and additional
control
11. Grunt Productions 2006
Risk FlowRisk Flow
Evaluate the situation, tasks &
persons at risk
Select systems of work
Assess chosen
systems of work
Are the risks proportional to the
benefits?
Consider viable
alternativesProceed with tasks
Yes
Can additional control
measures be introduced?
No
Re-assess
systems of work
Yes Do not proceed with
tasks
No
14. Grunt Productions 2006
Continued AssessmentContinued Assessment
• Continuing the TaskContinuing the Task
• During the TaskDuring the Task
• Finishing the Task.Finishing the Task.
Definition of Dynamic Risk Assessment:
The continuous process of identifying hazards, assessing risk, taking action to eliminate or reduce risk, monitoring and reviewing, in the changing circumstances of operations.
Although there are usually time constraints on decision making in an operational environment, this should not be used as an excuse for accepting the unacceptable. The maxim highlighted below demonstrates the correct attitude towards safety:
“We may risk our lives a lot, in a highly calculated manner, to protect saveable lives.
We may risk our lives a little in a highly calculated manner, to protect saveable property.
We will not risk our lives at all for lives or property that are already lost.”
If after implementing all available control measures, the cost of proceeding with a task still outweighs the benefit, DO NOT PROCEED, but seek viable alternatives.
In normal safety management, the intent is to make the workplace safe, because this safeguards everyone. However, an operational incident can be an inherently dangerous workplace and may be impossible to make safe. We must, therefore, direct our efforts to making individuals safe.
This is known as the Safe Person Approach:
In normal safety management, the intent is to make the workplace safe, because this safeguards everyone. However, an operational incident can be an inherently dangerous workplace and may be impossible to make safe. We must, therefore, direct our efforts to making individuals safe.
This is known as the Safe Person Approach:
There are two aspects to the Safe Person Approach:
Organisational Responsibility, and
Personal Responsibility
Organisational Responsibility
The organisation must provide the support necessary to ensure that staff are able to remain safe in a hostile environment.
Personal Responsibility
The individual must have the ability to make professional judgements about the appropriate use of available resources, in order to control the risks inherent in the unique circumstances of any rapidly changing situation.
EVALUATE THE SITUATION, TASKS AND PERSONS AT RISK
Consider questions such as:
What intelligence is available?
What tasks need to be carried out?
What hazards are there in carrying out the tasks in the situation?
What risks are associated with these hazards? – To you? to others? To the environment?
What resources are available? – Experienced personnel? Equipment? Specialist advice?
SELECT SYSTEMS OF WORK
Consider the possible systems of work and choose the most appropriate for the situation
The starting point for consideration must be procedures that have been agreed in pre-planning and training
Ensure that personnel are competent to carry out the tasks that they have been allocated
ASSESS THE CHOSEN SYSTEM OF WORK
Are the risks proportional to the benefits?
If YES proceed with the tasks after ensuring that:
Goals, both individual and team are understood
Responsibilities have been clearly allocated
Safety measures and procedures are understood
If NO continue as below
INTRODUCE ADDITIONAL CONTROLS
Eliminate any remaining risks, or reduce them to an acceptable level, if possible, by introducing additional control measures, such as:
Use of PPE, eg safety glasses, boots, gloves, coveralls etc
Use of specialist equipment, eg harnesses, oxygen meters etc
REASSESS SYSTEMS OF WORK AND ADDITIONAL CONTROL MEASURES
If any risks remain, does the benefit gained from carrying out the tasks outweigh the possible consequences if the risks are realised?
If the benefits outweigh the risks, proceed with the tasks
If the risks outweigh the benefit do NOT proceed with the tasks, but seek viable alternatives.
