The Images Of The Digital Image

The Images Of The Digital Image
The Digital Image is a relatively new thing in the large scheme of things, with the advancement of
technology also came the evolution of this medium. The first instance of digital imaging came with
the invention of the camera. Photography as we know it today is usually considered to have begun in
1839 when Louis–Jacques–Mande Daguerre released the Daguerreotype image. Photography would
remain from this point a relatively expensive and crude medium that would slowly progress through
the years. In 1877 Eadweard Muybridge created a fast shutter that was capable of capturing motion.
This in itself was iconic and Eadweard would later be considered a pioneer for the digital image due
to his work on locomotion (famously the galloping horse). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Nowadays it's easy to forget the impact that digital imaging has had on society as we are so use to its
benefits. Digital Imaging has done some amazing things, such as bring the ability to capture still and
moving images of everyday life to iconic moments such as the moon landing. We also have the
ability to create digital illustrations to provide insight, to persuade and to provoke thought.
Task 7 in this module was about expressive type. This project involved a lot of creative freedom and
to create whatever was wished as long as it was in some way expressive type. Expressive type is
essentially a method of design where text is used to create some kind of image. As shown in the
references, there is a finished piece of work for this task, the poster uses type to create the character
Tyrion from the TV show Game of Thrones. The type in the poster is actually a quote from the
character and is formed in a way to shape the characters stance from an iconic moment for him. The
development of this poster involved using a previously created illustration of the character and
mixing it with typography. The original image was placed into the Adobe Illustrator software as it
provided a lot of tools for type. The text was then written out and reshaped to form the body of the
character. The typeface was selected carefully as it was meant to match the minimalistic style of the
previous illustration, therefore the typeface was sans serif. After
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Pete Turner Essay
Pete Turner is a famous photographer who was best known for his colored photography.
All of his images combine bold color and graphic design. Turner uses techniques such as using an
intense color palette, geometry, hue and saturation, creating vanishing points, and surrealism.
Turner started taking photos at a young age. He started around 14 years old and used color print and
transparency material. At the start of his career he took pictures when he was drafted into the United
States military service. After discharged from the military, Turner moves to New York and takes
pictures that are featured in National Geographic, Sports Illustrated,
Timex, Esquire, and the International Museum of Photography. He took pictures to advertise
AT&T, Revlon, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hue and saturation are major editing techniques Turner utilizes. In the Nikon USA article
Pete Turner: Master of Color Photography, Turner states, "I'll work with color levels and curves, hue
and saturation, but not with filters or composite effects. I don't do any photo composition partly
because I don't like the look of it, and also because it's too easy and too many people are doing it. I
don't like to follow the path of what's trendy." Saturated color helps to emphasize the boldness of his
pictures. He also uses saturation to make parts of his picture more or less bold.
Turner does this to make parts of the picture more apparent than others and this creates vanishing
points. Vanishing points are apparent in all of Pete Turners photos. After saturating parts of the
image and editing it with a digital palette, Turner is able to create vanishing points. Some of the
vanishing points he creates a lot are not straight lines. For example, after he makes a blue and green
that are next to each other bold, he then saturates the area where they meet and this makes the line
blurred and appear not straight anymore. He has done this with people too. Turner makes
Middleton

Survey On Digital Image Watermarking Techniques
SURVEY ON DIGITAL IMAGE WATERMARKING TECHNIQUES
V.Belmer Gladson1Y.Sam Josuva2, Dr.R.Balasubramanian3
1Research Scholar, 2 Assistant Professor 3Professor,
Department of Computer Science&Engg, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tamilnadu,
1vbgclassic1984@gmail.com 2sam.joejaki@gmail.com,3rbalus662002@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT– In recent years, digital media are widely popular, their security related issues are
becoming greater importance. Watermarking is the process of hiding digital data in a carrier signal.
Embedding a digital signal such as audio, video or image with the information which cannot be
removed easily is called digital watermarking. Digital watermarking mainly used to verify the
authenticity, integrity of the carrier signal or to show the identity of its owners. In this paper, we
present a survey on various digital watermarking techniques. This paper mainly concentrates a
detailed survey of all watermarking techniques on image watermarking types in today's world.
Index Terms – Digital watermarking, spatial domain, Least Significant Bit (LSB), Frequency
domain, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), and Discrete
Fourier Transform (DFT).
INTRODUCTION
The term digital watermarking was first emerged in 1993, Tirkel introduce two watermarking
techniques to hide the watermark data in the images [1].In recent years digital media are gaining
widely popular, and their security related issues are becoming greater importance. The protection
and

Analysis Of Retouch Yourself : The Pleasures And Politics...
In chapter nine of Digital snaps: the new face of photography, titled Retouch Yourself: The pleasures
and politics of digital cosmetic surgery, written by Tanya Sheehan, who is an associate professor and
chair of the department of art at Colby College. She discusses the effect of the Photoshop look on
society, and how with technology progressing it has become easier to create and have the perfect
body look you have always wanted.
The questions being raised throughout the chapter is if this new founded process was morally right,
is it right to remove someone's identity and imperfections just so they can fit into this bracket of
being perfect. A debate in 1982 asked commercial operators this: "If a person has an habitual
freckled face, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Is this kind of modification on images something we should be accepting? As this adds the extra
pressure on people in society to look a certain way to not become an outcast.
Digital Snaps: the new face of photography has given me a good introduction and insight to the
negative side of photo manipulation, the way that Sheehan writes is very clear and informative and
this is what has allowed to gain such a wider knowledge around photo manipulation which will now
help me with my further research by giving me a wider range of discussion to explore.
Each Wild Idea; writing, photography, history written by Geoffrey Batchen was published in 2001.
Batchen is a professor of the History of Photography and Contemporary Art at the City University of
New York Graduate Center. Much like Digital Snaps: the new face of photography, Each Wild Idea;
writing, photography, history discusses and explores the history of photography in many areas,
including the many issues that were come across over the years, including photo manipulation.
Throughout Batchen reflects on the history of photography and does this by giving specific
examples of photographs that are relatable to what he is discussing. Batchen also discusses how we
have become accustomed to this modification and whether or not we should be accepting it.
In chapter six of Each Wild Idea; writing, photography,

The Impact Of Digital Technology On The Creation Of...
Henry Jenkins describes convergence as 'a situation where multiple media systems coexist and
where media content flows fluidly across them' (2006: 282). An important part of the information
transferred across platforms are the techniques utilised in creation. Digital technologies have no
doubt had a large impact on moving images and how they are developed and produced in the
modern world. There has been the introduction of inexpensive consumer digital recording devices,
and the ability to create a video with mobile phones rather than needing a separate dedicated device.
This has led to growth in the creation of amateur moving images on platforms such as YouTube in a
variety of forms. As well as inspiring the creation of new areas of production, digital advances have
enabled further evolution in more traditional areas. Early cinematic pioneers dabbled with in–
camera trickery in order to create fantastical scenes and amaze viewers, and this principle carries
forward to today. Matt Reeve's Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (2014) is a good example of the
intriguing applications of digital technology in order to achieve these old goals in a potentially better
way. As with the introduction of any new way to achieve a goal, the opportunities available to
content creators have multiplied with the growth in the variety of digital techniques. The power
particular innovations in technology can have in their contribution is perhaps underlined by the
impact they have had in less revered

The Dangers of Facial Recognition Technology
Dangers of Facial Recognition Technology
In the present contemporary era, facial recognition technologies are being installed by the
companies in an extensive sense that surely reflects a continuum of growing hi–tech superiority and
complexity. At the most ordinary level, facial detection is done by this technology which means that
a photo is just detected and located for a face ("Facing Facts: Best Practices for Common Uses of
Facial Recognition Technologies," 2012).
The digital image of the face of a person can be matched against a record of other images by using
face recognition software. In case that some of the images in the database go with the digitized
image, the owner is reported about it by the system. Automatic face recognition has been studied
and investigated extensively since 1990s and its usage is turning out to be no–nonsense in the
present times. Although a number of automatic face recognition applications are relatively agreeable
and harmless (access regulation to armaments, currency, illegal proof, nuclear equipment/supplies
etc), there are still several dangers of face recognition systems that include violation of privacy and
civil liberties, unrestrained exploitation, identity theft, illegal use of database, free access to personal
data on social media etc. (Agre, 2001).
Invasion of Privacy: The critics of FRS are mostly concerned by the privacy issues brought by it.
The main reason behind this criticism is that the flow of information is being

Data Processing : Image Processing
1
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Introduction to broad area of research
1.1.1. Image processing: Image processing is a methodology to perform some operations on an
image, so as to urge an enhanced image or to extract some helpful data from it. It is treated as an
area of signal processing where both the input and output signals are images. Images are portrayed
as two dimensional matrix, and we are applying already having signal processing strategies to input
matrix. Images processing finds applications in several fields like photography, satellite imaging,
medical imaging, and image compression, just to name a few. Basically Image processing includes
the following steps:  Reading the image via image acquisition tools like cameras, caners etc. 
Analysing and manipulating the acquired image to have enhanced quality and locate the data of
interest;  Output in which result can be altered image or report that is based on image analysis.
Originally image processing is proposed for space exploration and biomedical field. But later on
with the increase in use of digital images in everybody's lives it considered as powerful tool for
arbitrarily manipulating images to gain useful information. It defined as the means of conversion
between human visual system and digital imaging devices.The main purpose of image processing
are listed below: 1. Visualization – Observe the objects which are not visible. 2. Image sharpening
and restoration – To increase quality of image. 3. Image retrieval –

We Are A Camera Analysis
With a click of a button, an image or video is captivated for the rest of time. The experiences of a
life time are tucked away into a small digital file or onto a post on social media and then to be
viewed for the near future. In "We Are a Camera" Nick Paumgarten, explores the popularity of the
GoPro camera, personal video camera used to document moments. He examines the digital era in
which users come to value footage of an experience more than the experience itself and how a
camera is now used in varies situations. (330) Paumgarten opinion comes to be very accurate, our
society today is a digital calamity. People no longer experience moments or life without having to
document every aspect of it. As technology grows and every day new social ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
A fantasy of the film everything movement is an end to a forensic uncertainty." (339) Paumgarten
writes, that wearable POV cameras are being used as a tool for soldiers and police. As stated before
the camera as now become a tool for authorities. "That seeing is knowing" (339) Paumagarten stated
after the Michael Brown shooting, in Ferguson, many commentators, accustomed already to the
ubiquity of cameras, were dismayed that there was no footage of the incident. (339) Everything
being filmed isn't as Paumgarten says "all sweetness and light...it deprives the police of discretion
and the public of leniency" (340) The camera has become a problem because everything being
filmed isn't always an ethical thing. Different angles on a camera shows different situations. Lately,
with the conflict between Police officers and the Black community going vital has given every
police officer a horrible image. Not only that, but the media isn't always accurately true.
Subsequently, not every news coverage is adequately true. The media is controlled by Media
Consolidation and the Federal Communication Commission. "The Media Consolidation is a process
whereby organizations control increasing shares of mass media" (2) and "The Federal
Communication Commission (FCC) is the government body responsible for maintain laws,
censorship and broadcast licensing pertaining to interstate and international communications in the
United States."

The Methods For Uploading Digital Images Using Fractal...
Fractals are a remarkable family of shapes which are ubiquitous within the natural world yet were
virtually overlooked by mathematicians until late 19th century, and only became properly
acknowledged thanks to the remarkable insights of Mandelbrot in the 1970s. In this paper I
introduce and define fractals as well as two methods to produce them: the photocopier method and
chaos game. In order to aid in this I have produced a demonstration web application (hosted at
turium.com/wflete) which uses the chaos game method to show the iterates of iterated function
systems. I encourage you to try writing functions to produce your own fractals! I then turn to my
main focus of reviewing the methods for compressing digital images using fractal image
compression (FIC) and debate the feasibility and utility of employing fractal image compression.
The most ancient and familiar shapes of mathematics are smooth and regular such as the circle,
Platonic solids or undulating manifolds that humans strive to perfect in the form of cuboidal glass
skyscrapers and sleek cars, but which are so alien to the natural world. Mandelbrot is much quoted
for pointing out in The Fractal Geometry of Nature 1 " clouds are not spheres, mountains are not
cones, coastlines are not circles, and bark is not smooth, nor does lightning travel in a straight line".
In fact, if you look closely, the shapes of these objects seem to be constant at all levels of
magnification. A new form of geometry – fractal geometry,

The Image Of Image Processing
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Introduction to broad area of research
Image processing:
Image processing is a methodology to perform some operations on an image, so as to urge an
enhanced image or to extract some helpful data from it. It is treated as an area of signal processing
where both the input and output signals are images. Images are portrayed as two dimensional
matrix, and we are applying already having signal processing strategies to input matrix. Images
processing finds applications in several fields like photography, satellite imaging, medical imaging,
and image compression, just to name a few. Basically Image processing includes the following
steps:
Reading the image via image acquisition tools like cameras, caners etc.
Analysing and manipulating the acquired image to have enhanced quality and locate the data of
interest;
Output in which result can be altered image or report that is based on image analysis.
Originally image processing is proposed for space exploration and biomedical field. But later on
with the increase in use of digital images in everybody's lives it considered as powerful tool for
arbitrarily manipulating images to gain useful information. It defined as the means of conversion
between human visual system and digital imaging devices.The main purpose of image processing
are listed below:
1. Visualization – Observe the objects which are not visible.
2. Image sharpening and restoration – To increase quality of image.
3. Image retrieval – finding

19th Century Photography Research Paper
Have you ever noticed that in 19th century photography the images captured through a lense
developed black and white images that were mostly distorted and hard to understand? If people were
captured through a lense they were usually not smiling, it was an odd period for photography.
Photography has always been a contentious fine art used by artists to capture art. Concerns have
been raised to whether photography should be considered an art or a science, since both are
incorporated to create "art". Photography was considered more true to reality. Photography has been
around for a while now, and although the concept of the camera has been known in the "ancient
past" it was not until the nineteenth century when the technology ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This allowed more than one copy of an image. Along with this new technology and his
experimenting the calotype photography method was introduced and patented in 1841. In the past
exposure time usually took hours to develop, but the collodion method that solved the problem of
long exposure time to shorter exposure time of about 3–5 minutes along with clearer photographs.
This was possible by adding a gun cotton substance onto a glass plate. The Collodion method did
have his disadvantages, for one thing the image had to be exposed and developed while the silver
iodine coating was still wet. This was an inconvenience to the photographer because he/she had to
immediately run to the portable darkrooms to develop the images after they were captured. As
technology and advanced so did the need for more creative photography emerged. For instance,
Honore Daumier's pushed the standards of photography and was able to capture the aerial view upon
a hot air balloon. However, he must have had a difficult time capturing images with the wet
collodion

Photography As A Pioneer For The Digital Image
The Digital Image is relatively new in the large scheme of things, with the advancement of
technology also came the evolution of this medium. The first instance of digital imaging came with
the invention of the camera. Photography as we know it today is usually considered to have begun in
1839 when Louis–Jacques–Mande Daguerre released the Daguerreotype image. Photography would
remain from this point a relatively expensive and crude medium that would slowly progress through
the years. In 1877 Eadweard Muybridge created a fast shutter that was capable of capturing motion.
This in itself was iconic and Eadweard would later be considered a pioneer for the digital image due
to his work on locomotion (famously the galloping horse). Photography ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Expressive type is essentially a method of design where text is used to create some kind of image.
As shown in the references, there is a finished piece of work for this task, the poster uses type to
create the character Tyrion from the TV show Game of Thrones. The type in the poster is actually a
quote from the character and is formed in a way to shape the characters stance from an iconic
moment for him. The development of this poster involved using a previously created illustration of
the character and mixing it with typography. The original image was placed into the Adobe
Illustrator software as it provided a lot of tools for type. The text was then written out and reshaped
to form the body of the character. The typeface was selected carefully as it was meant to match the
minimalistic style of the previous illustration, therefore the typeface was sans serif. After this part of
the development was complete, the image was moved into Photoshop where the colour from the
image would be given to the text. A few basic finishing touches were given by adding blocks of
colour near certain letters to help bring the shape of the character out.
Every typeface we see, be it a street sign or a billboard has likely been carefully planned out to
provoke certain thoughts and feelings into the reader. Before looking into the design side of
typography it is important to understand the history. Way back in the 1400's the standard was
handwritten type, this was obviously very time

Photographic Truth in the Digital Era Essay
Year 3 'Individual Study' Proposal Form
Name: Cristina Dan
Provisional Working Title: Photographic Truth in the Digital Era
Description of the Research Area (this should be no less than 500 words):
According to James Brooks, "the manipulation of meaning to assure an audience would destroy the
reality of the work and debase the concept of communication." The essay will examine how images
are used nowadays in media to influence people's opinions rather than only for artistic purposes.
We are constantly surrounded by advertising. The main power of the images is prominent in
advertising where experts change images so that they no longer reflect the truth leading to
misinterpretation. A strong question is being raised upon this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There are also some advantages of images in the advertising area. For example, in some ads and
posters the image is hyperbolizing the negative sides of the product so that it could create a positive
impact on the consumer. For example, on the pack of cigarettes, the cruel and ugly images lead to a
fear that those health problems presented there will really look like that and create a three times
stronger impact. The images are produced and manipulated in someway so that it serves to the
purpose. The exaggerated images in pictures about failed plastic surgeries determine people not to
try to modify their body with unnecessary changes that could affect their health and normally all the
images from Masses that show bad things that happened with people's lives have a strong influence
on people not to do those things.
This topic rises up lots of questions and worries whether this altered reality of norms used by photo
manipulation and the issue of ethics comes to the front. How far can this photo manipulation go, but
still maintain photographic integrity? We as readers, do we have the right to know that an image we
see in

Image And Image Of Image Enhancement
INTRODUCTION
Image processing refers to the construction of an image for further analysis and use. Image taken by
a camera or same techniques are not actual in a form that can be used by image analysis process.
The technique involves in image enhancement need to be simplified, enhanced, filtered, altered,
segmented or need improvement to reducing noise, etc. Image processing is the collection of
techniques in which implementation is done for industrial applications to resolve various issues that
alter, improve, enhance or simplify an image. Image enhancement is one of the important parts of
digital image processing where image undergo for visual inspection or for machine analysis without
knowledge of its source of degradation. The processes involve in enhancement techniques to bring
out specific application of an image so that the result is satisfactory which more visible as compare
to original image. Image can be enhanced in various ways such as contrast enhancement, intensity,
density slicing, edge enhancement, removal of noise, and saturation transformation.[1]
Over several past years, contrast image enhancement has generated across many applications like
robot sensing, electronic products, fault detection, medical image analysis, etc. Thus, increasing in
popularity of contrast enhancement of images has forces researchers to study their enhancement
techniques and their effectiveness for the interpretability or perception of human viewers. Contrast
enhancement is a

Digital Image Watermarking
INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction Information is becoming widely available via global networks.
These connected networks allow cross–references between databases. The advent of multimedia is
allowing different applications to mix sound, images, and video and to interact with large amounts
of information (e.g., in e–business, distance education, and human–machine interface). The industry
is investing to deliver audio, image and video data in electronic form to customers, and broadcast
television companies, major corporations and photo arc hivers are converting their content from
analogue to digital form. This movement from traditional content, such as paper documents,
analogue recordings, to digital media is due to several advantages of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
User Hardware Interfaces a. Keyboard b. Mouse c. Visual Display Device d. 256 MB of RAM 2.
Developer Hardware Interfaces a. Keyboard b. Mouse c. Visual Display Device d. 512 MB of RAM
is preferred e. 4 GB of disk space is preferred 1.4.2 Software: User Software Interfaces a. Web
Browser Developer Software Interfaces a. JDK version 1.6 b. Apache Tomcat Server c. Net Beans
6.9 d. MySQL using WAMP5 server e. Java Advance Image API 1.4.3 Implementation Language:
JAVA Java is a programming language originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems
(which is now a subsidiary of Oracle Corporation) and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun
Microsystems ' Java platform. The language derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a
simpler object model and fewer low–level facilities. Java applications are typically compiled to byte
code (class file) that can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM) regardless of computer
architecture. Java is a general–purpose, concurrent, class–based, object–oriented language that is
specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. It is intended to let
application developers "write once, run anywhere". Java is currently one of the most popular
programming languages in use, and is widely used from application software to web applications.
Java uses an automatic garbage collector to manage memory in the

Digital Images Of Digital Pictures Essay
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Many digital services need reliable protection in storage and
transmission of digital images. Due to the quick development of the internet in the digital globe
nowadays, the protection of digital pictures has come to be extra vital and enticed far attention. The
prevalence of multimedia knowledge in our area has promoted digital pictures to frolic a extra
momentous act than the established texts, that demand weighty protection of users ' privacy for all
applications. Digital pictures are exchanged above assorted kinds of networks. It is frequently real
that a colossal portion of this data is whichever confidential or private. Encryption is the favored
method for protecting the sent data. There are assorted encryption arrangements to encrypt and
decrypt picture data, though, it can be clashed that there is no solitary encryption algorithm that
gratifies the disparate picture types. Unlike text memos, picture data have distinct features such as
bulk capacity, elevated redundancy, and elevated correlation amid pixels, not to remark that they
normally are huge in size, that jointly make established encryption methods tough to apply and
sluggish to process. From time to time picture requests additionally have their own necessities like
real–time processing, fidelity reservation, picture format consistence, and data compression for
transmission. Simultaneous fulfillments of these necessities, alongside alongside elevated protection
and elevated quality

Digital Image Processing : A Multi Dimensional Visual...
ABSTRACT:
Face is a analyzable multi–dimensional visual model and processing a process model for face
recognition is challenging. This paper presents a methodological analysis for face identification
based on content explanation formulation of coding and decoding the face image. categorization
using the Euclidian distance. The content is to use the system for a particular face and separate from
a large number of stored faces with some real time variations as well. The Eigen face attack uses
particular faces with some real time variation. The Eigen face formulation uses principal
components analysis (PCA) algorithm for the acceptance of the images. It gives us prompt way to
insight the lower dimensional space.
Digital Image processing: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The sampling theorem states that for a signal to be completely reconstruct able, it must satisfy the
following equation:
Were Ws=sampling frequency W = frequency of sampled signal
. To explain all of this, first consider the simple sinusoidal function given by f(x) = cos(x). Figure 1
shows a plot of this function and Fig. 2 shows a plot of its Fourier transform.
Figure 3 shows a truncated version of that function, and Fig.4 shows the equivalent Fourier
transform.
Figure 1. Cosine function with amplitude A and frequency of 1 Hz.
Figure 2. Power spectrum of the cosine function with amplitude A and frequency of 1 Hz. Figure 3.
Truncated cosine function. The truncation is in the variable x (e.g., time), not in the amplitude.
Figure 4. The power spectrum of the truncate cosine function is a continuous one, with maximum
values at the same points, like the power spectrum of the continuous cosine function.
This is called as folding. In the above fig4 shows that lower frequencies of signal contains most of
signal's powers. A standard analog filter transfer function may be given as
Where the damping factor of the filter and w is is its natural frequency. By cascading first and
second order filters, one of them will get higher order systems which have higher performances.
Bessel filters are used for high performance applications, this is because of two factors.
1) The damping factors

Importance Of Subpixel Significance Of Image Correlance
Subpixel correlation of optical imagery is also based on normalized cross correlation. However,
COSI–CORR applies correlation in both spatial and frequencies domain (Yaseen & Anwar, 2013).
This allows a spatial correlation that gives the 2–D displacement. Figure 4.9 and 4.8 shows the
spatial displacement. The black box shows landslide area. These two bands combined gives a vector
field (figure 4.11). This vector field shows the direction of landslide. To achieve a good correlation
is needed. Correlation of image needs several careful decision making. Different parameters can
change the image correlation quality. In figure 4.9 shows the quality of the image correlation. Here,
the result of correlation is not great but it is usable as a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A careful look at this gives a view of other landslide area within the image. The figure 4.12 gives us
the holistic view of the target landslide. It is a north–west facing landslide. This matches the aspect
map that shows the landslide location to be on the north–facing slope (figure 2.1). The displacement
measured from SAR analysis to be 193m (after dividing with the step size 3) and from the optical
subpixel correlation, the displacement is calculated to be 148m (after dividing with the step size 4).
The displacement is measured as the length of the landslide. The list of limitations faced in this
study is quite large. From data acquisition to analysis, several constraints has been met during this
study. First, the SAR image that is freely available that gives the temporal coverage of the landslide
in question is Sentinel 1A. This satellite instrument captures SAR image using C–band which uses
5–7 cm wavelength and 5.35 GHz frequency (Alsdorf et al., 2007; Potin, 2013). This c–band cannot
pierce the vegetation canopy to reach ground (Moran et al., 1998). This lead to some decorrelation
in the image as the study area is a highly vegetated area. One Previous study used corner reflector
for better result while measuring slow onset landslide movement (Sun & Muller, 2016).
Nonetheless, in this study, no corner reflectors were used, as the landslide was rapid onset and there
were no previously CRs installed in that area.

Digital Image Analysis Of Eye Fundus Images
ABSTRACT: Digital image analysis of eye fundus images has several benefits than current observer
based techniques. The characteristic symptoms of different systemic diseases like hypertension,
glaucoma, diabetes and cardiovascular disorder etc. affects retinal vessels. Diseases like diabetes
show abnormalities and diameter changes in retinal blood vessels. In hypertension retinal blood
vessels show dilatation and elongation of main arteries and veins. Arteriolar to venular diameter
ratio (AVR) express high blood pressure levels, diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity.
Among other image processing operations the estimation of AVR requires vessel segmentation,
accurate vessel width measurement and artery or vein classification[1]. Hence the identification of
arteries is essential to detect eye diseases. The work has been done on automated classification of
retinal vessels and hence it is a challenging task. Nowadays for image analysis graph based methods
have been used which are useful for retinal vessel segmentation,retinal image registration and retinal
vessel classification[2]. The segmented vessels are analyzed using type of intersection and then
assigned artery or vein labels to each vessel segment. So the combination of labels and intensity
features decides final artery or vein class.
INTRODUCTION
Most of the methods uses intensity features to differentiate

The Power Of The Image Within The Realm Of Media And The...
Most media scholars assert that contemporary culture is dominated by images. Furthermore, it is
widely understood that images articulate ways of seeing the world. Given that the average American
is confronted with up to 5,000 advertisements a day, it is difficult to refute the legitimacy and impact
of these claims. Advertising, film, print media, and the digital world all rely on the visual to transmit
potent messages to the public. These images are rarely just aesthetic displays. Each visual put before
us is replete with meaning– cues that tell us what to think, how to feel, and how to act. Enveloped
within images are social, political, and cultural ideologies. Images, in short, are dominant vessels of
persuasive communication and influence, dictating social norms, communicating rhetoric, and
acting as representations of values implicit in culture. In this colloquium and rationale, I aim to
explore the power of the image within the realm of media and the ways in which this power is
created, exercised, and then negotiated by the viewer. What is the power of the image? This is a
question addressed significantly in Roland Barthes, Camera Lucida. The author tells us that
paintings are powerful in that they can reproduce fictional representations; they can portray that
which is not there. However, it is the photographic image that contains genuine power because of its
indexicality, that is, the viewer always connects the image to the notion that "the thing has been
there"

Using Correlation Method For Match Two Digital Images
MATCHING:
We have used correlation method to match two digital images. This technique is also known as
template matching. It compares portions of one image against another on a pixel–by–pixel basis.
Correlation is a measure of degree to which two variables agree, not necessarily in actual value but
in general behavior .The two variables are the corresponding pixel values in two images , template
and source.
The matching process moves the template image to all possible positions in a larger source image
and computes a numerical index that indicates how well the template matches the image in that
position.
Template is nothing but a small region of image. Correlation method is simple and hence can be
analyzed appreciatively. There are two key features which make it simple and they are: shift–
invariant and linear.Shift–invariant means that we perform the same operation at every point in the
image. Linear means replacing every pixel with a linear combination of its neighbours.
The goal of this method is to find the correlated pixel within a certain disparity range that minimizes
the associated error and maximizes the similarity.
SECTION V
RESULT AND FINDING
The authenticated result is the presented in this section.
Data set of Test Ear localization Accuracy(%)
Images Reported in Proposed Method
Data Set 1 801 95.88 99.25
Data Set 2 802 94.73 98.50
Data Set 3 1070 91.11 95.61
1. The proposed technique breaks the derived edges of the profile face into a set of convex

Definition Of Image Quality Of Digital Imaging
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background
1.1.1. Limits to image quality
Digital imaging systems have a lot of applications including digital photography for recreational and
commercial purposes, electronic surveillance, satellite imaging and ground based geographic
information systems, medical imaging systems like computed tomography (CT) and magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI), forensics and even particle physics.
In many applications of digital imaging, a high quality image is required to allow human
interpretation or machine perception. Image quality is defined in terms of spatial resolution, pixel
resolution, temporal resolution and spectral resolution. For our application, we are interested in
spatial resolution.
Spatial resolution is measured in terms of pixel density and refers to the number of pixels used per
unit area to construct the image. It defines the minimum separation distance for 2 features in the
original scene for them to be distinguishable. Spatial resolution is determined by the density of
imaging sensors. Imaging sensors are charge coupled devices (CCD) or CMOS active pixel sensors,
arranged in a two dimensional array. The higher the sensor density, the higher the spatial resolution.
Higher sensor density can be achieved either by reducing the sensor size or increasing the size of the
chip carrying the sensors. Increasing the pixel density is limited by:
1. Reducing the size of sensors results in less light falling on the sensors, thus generating shot

Assess the Balance of Planned and Emergent Approaches to...
ASSESS THE BALANCE OF PLANNED AND EMERGENT APPROACHES TO STRATEGIC
MANAGEMENT IN EAST KODAK
As the time has brought people to the technology world, everything seems to change dramatically
including many involved industries have to adopt more flexible strategies in their strategic
management in order to achieve the competitive advantage. Some argue that the strategies should be
deliberately planned and executed, so the organization will have a direction and therefore act
rationally (De Wit and Meyer, 2004). However, some argue that new strategies largely emerge over
time, as managers proactively piece together a viable course of action or reactively adapt to
unfolding circumstances. Making strategy involves sense–making, reflecting, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
As can be noticed, Kodak has set the planned strategy to transform a photographic company into a
world leader in digital imaging and as a new CEO, Antonio Perez, has been successful to show his
great efforts to achieve the company's goal. Apparently with its 75,000 retail photo kiosks and the
leading online digital photography service (Easyshare Gallery), Kodak led the retail market for
printing digital photographs which could be reflected by Perez's ambition and positive point of
views.
Evidently there were two significant sorts, making part in commercial printing which consolidating
global leadership in high–resolution, color printing systems and for healthcare which leading in
digital dental imaging and growing its market share in digital X–rays. However, the financial results
continuingly shrank over the changes of pace as Kodak was expanding its tradition film business.
Over the time of Kodak was increasingly developed their software and hardware, there were still
some barriers which made Kodak had to adopt the emergent strategy to transform the business into
the world technology. The most realized obstruction was its intense competition and more
importantly what Kodak has failed to fill the gap was compressing the product cycles and declining
product prices as it should be solved right after the

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Feature Selection For...
A Survey on Feature Selection for Image Retrieval
Preeti Kushwaha R.R.Welekar
PG scholar, Department of CSE Professor, Department of CSE
Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur, India Shri Ramdeobaba
College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur, India
Abstract – Content based image retrieval is an image search technique which uses content of
features such as colour, texture, shape, etc. to find relevant images from large collection of data
according to user's request query image on the basis of similarity in features or content that means
feature from query image compared with features from image database. The problem arises that
large number of features may cause high dimensionality curse. To avoid dimensionality curse,
feature selection method is used ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main target of feature selection is choosing a best feature set from a large number of features.
The main advantages of feature selection are removing irrelevant, redundant and reduce noisy data.
II. FEATURE EXTRACTION Feature extraction is most important step in the process of CBIR.
Feature extraction is a method of transforming input data into set of features [2]. The different
feature extraction is colour, texture and shape. Features are classified as low level and high level.
The low level feature contains colour, texture and high level feature contains shape. The various
feature extraction are describing in below:
COLOR EXTRACTION
Colour is most extensively used feature for image retrieval. Several techniques such as colour
coherence vector, the colour co–occurrence matrix, vector quantization, and colour moments are
used to extract colour feature from original images. Normally colours are defined in three
dimensional colour spaces, which are RGB (Red, Green, and Blue), HSV (Hue, Saturation, and
Value) or HSB (Hue, Saturation, and Brightness)

Audio Authentication Essay
[1] Paulo Max G. I. Reis (2017) et al present that Audio authentication is an essential project in
multimedia forensics stressful strong techniques to hit upon and identify tampered audio recordings.
In this text, a brand new method to detect adulterations in audio recordings is proposed by
exploiting odd versions inside the Electrical Network Frequency (ENF) signal in the end embedded
in a questioned audio recording. These unusual versions are due to abrupt segment discontinuities
because of insertions and suppressions of audio snippets during the tampering task. First, we
recommend an ESPRIT–Hilbert ENF estimator alongside an outlier detector based at the sample
kurtosis of the anticipated ENF. Next, we use the computed kurtosis as ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Authors proposed a synchronization tech unique to recover geometrically attacked image via.
Detection of desired image corner.
38
[4] Sayyed Mohammad Hosseini (2016) et. al. present that In this paper a new method for detection
of camera tampering is proposed. Some examples for camera tampering are: shaking the camera,
movement of the camera, occlusion, and rotation of the camera. The tampering may be intentional
or unintentional. In the proposed algorithm, in addition to detection of the exact nature of tampering,
the exact amount of tampering also can be detected (i.e. the amount and direction of movement).
This will help operator in diction making for management in surveillance system. The proposed
algorithm detect the shaking using current and previous frames, as well as by constructing a total
background based on all frames and building a temporary background based on last 10 frames. The
proposed method employs the SURF feature detector to find interest points in both of two
backgrounds and compare and match them using MSAC algorithm. The transformation matrix can
be obtained to detect the camera movement; camera image zoom and camera rotate. Finally, using
the method sobel edge detection the camera occlusion and defocus can be detected. The method also
detect the sudden shut downs in camera or images loss. Another feature of the

Ethical Considerations Of The Use Of Digital Images
Ethical considerations in the use of digital images
David M. Cook
1Edith Cowan University, 2ECU Security Research Institute
d.cook@ecu.edu.au
Abstract
Ethics, sometimes also known as moral philosophy, is basically not any legal rules but only a moral
obligation or concept to define what is wrong or right. It deals with the value related to human
behaviour with respect to the rightness and wrongness of certain actions.
When the photography was initially developed, it was used as the most realistic tool to show the real
portrait of any person or the object. However, in this digital age with the advancement of the internet
and computer softwares the images are manipulated and used in an unethical manner. This paper
discusses the various ethical considerations in the use of digital images.
Keywords
Ethics, Digital Images, Intellectual and Intangible property, Manipulations and Deception, Identity
theft, Images security, Social Media, Facebook, Mobile device
Introduction
Digital Photography has become one of the most simplified and effective way of capturing and
using the images. Digital images are very high in quality and also with the ease of viewing, editing
and transferring it to any computers or mobile devices making it a very cost effective way of
managing the images (Kornhaber, Betihavas, & Baber, 2015).
The invention of digital cameras and also the mobile devices integrated with the quality camera
allows people to easily capture the images and use them on the social

Pop Art Research Paper
PHOTOGRAPHY ENCOURAGED: On Media and Authorship of Digital Material
Ria Ma
Art History 480: Visual and Digital Media Theory
December 5, 2014
As I shuffle with the crowd through the doorway and into the first floor exhibition space of the
Vancouver Art Gallery, I notice a sign, sandwiched in between the ubiquitous Instagram camera and
the hashtag "#couplandvan", that ardently refutes one of the most basic conventions of viewing
work in such a space: "Photography encouraged." It appears, however, that most of the guests fail to
notice this; rather, upon seeing the oceans of products, slogans, and logos lined row by row, they
hold up their phones to their faces to take a photograph or three, demonstrating ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Art" has been used with this function in mind, often as a reaction to one's environment, such as the
Dada movement being a revolt against the irrationality of the First World War, or a response to
another artist or group of artists' work, but these conversations were, by Manovich's words,
incomplete: "One artist or school produced something, another artist or school later responded with
their own productions, and this was all." Evidently, due to the popularity of technologies that allow
instant communication from nearly any location, this is no longer true, and this has seemingly
leaked into virtually ever other facet of life. Job interviews are now often conducted through live
video chats, and customer service for online shopping can be done in this manner as well; gamers
are able to stream themselves for the entertainment of their fans. Parents give their children phones
so that if a problem arises while they are out, they can give a call, or the parents can give a call to
check in, and if the child doesn't pick it up, then it is without a doubt either he or she is up to no
good or is in some trouble. If need be, one can track others by installing GPS systems on phones. I
have even heard of friends sitting within two feet of each other text messaging when it would be
much less of a hassle to speak and save the headache of trying to correctly spell every word I type
correctly, or

Photography in Advertising and Its Effects on Society
Written by Valerio Loi (2005)
Memory has been and always will be associated with images. As early as 1896, leading
psychologists were arguing that memory was nothing more than a continuous exchange of images.
(Bergson) Later models of memory describe it as more of an image text; a combination of space and
time, and image and word. (Yates) Although image certainly is not the only component of memory,
it is undoubtedly an integral and essential part of memory's composition. Photography was first
utilized over 100 years ago in an attempt to preserve life as it existed before the industrial
revolution. Over time photography has gradually corrupted memory in a variety of ways, despite its
original intention to preserve it. From there, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The most criticized type of anthropological photograph is the image that separates subjects from
their environments. The supposed goal of the separation is to highlight the subject's ethnicity and
culture. If the goal, however is to highlight culture, it seems that displaying the subject in his or her
own culture would be more effective. (Miller 135)
Irving Penn's Two New Guinea Men Holding Hands is a common example of the subject being
removed from the environment. (see fig. 1) The photograph taken in Penn's studio is in a style
popular among ethnographers; it has been used for years by E.S. Curtis and has recently been
refined by Richard Avedon. The background and the studio settings have been criticized widely as
"removing subjects from the daily flow of their lives and cross breeding fashion and
anthropology." (Miller 135) The effect of this photograph on memory is to imprint a false image not
only of two people but also of an entire culture. Penn's image gives his viewer no idea of how these
two men exist in reality. Because of the studio setting, the viewer cannot even safely assume that
this is how the two men really dress or interact with each other.
The most common association made between history and photography is not anthropology; it is the
documentation of the Holocaust. Holocaust photography has been and always will be burdened by
its inherent requirement to fulfill dual roles in society: the role of

Security, Storage and Transmission of Electronic Digital...
STRATEGIC GROUP MAP
Strategic group map define as a industry that provide similar product to the same segment of the
population ( Lyke 2014). With strategic group map it can help the organization to identify direct and
indirect competitor beside that strategic group map also able to identify opportunities and strategic
issue (strategic group map 2014).
The strategic issue to be concern in tea industry is the amount tea leaves able to produce by the
country. Since amount of tea produce by each country is deferent the variables choose for the
strategic group map is the "tea leave produce" will be shown on the Y axis.
For x axis the strategic group map it will be the geographical it exported to where this will show
how much each country ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
COMPETITOTOR ANYLISIS Competitor analysis is an external environment analysis and analysis
of the strategies through which competitors in an industry create a competitive advantage (Grant et
al.2014, 137). The objective of competitor analysis is to predict contender future strategies and how
the contender response to an organization strategic plan (Grant et al.2014, 137). In this case we are
focusing on India tea industries and main competitor for India tea industries is China, Sri Lanka and
Kenya tea industries. For each competitor for India tea industries we will construct a profile, SWOT
analysis and the strategies they currently use.
CHINA TEA INDUSTRIES China is the main player in the tea industries world this is because
china produced 38 percent of world tea production and beside that compare to other country china
also used the most land to plant tea which is 1431300 hectares of land (Xiao 2011). The location to
cultivated tea is located in the southwest of china; the producing region can be divided into four
parts: south of china, southwest of china, south of Yangtze and the north of Yangtze (The enjoyment
2013).
SWOT ANALYSIS
STRANGHT
– China tea industries Is the market leader on tea producer and control over 30 percent of tea market
share of the world.
–There a lot of demand in China tea
–China tea industries has their own research and development institute
–China has stuffiest men power for industries growth
–China

What is Photography
Photography is seeing what is invisible, capturing the moments that last a lifetime. It can hold all the
mystery of the world in a single picture. It is a visual diary, containing the secrets of the earth. This
great pastime is used all around the world. The good, the bad, and the ugly makes up photography.
Anyone can enjoy photography including you. There are many different parts in photography such
as its history and equipment. There are many types of photography as well. Photography in today's
society is called the killer fine art. Photography was invented around the 1820s. It is now the most
growing hobby in the world. The first camera created is called the Camera Obscura. The Camera
Obscura was used during the 13th – 14th centuries. It was a dark closed box–shaped space with a
hole on one side. The Camera Obsurca got its name from the Latin word "Dark Room". The man
behind the camera was Joseph Nicephore. Other important men in photography history include
Alfred Stieglitz (who changed photography into art) and Henri Carrtier–Bresson (the father of
photojournalism). The next major camera movement was film cameras. These cameras came out in
the early 1900s. This movement gave the Granddaddy camera its name. The Granddaddy camera is
also known as a 35 mm (millimeter) point and shoot. There were many issues with film cameras.
With a film camera, you could not scan an image without it possibly getting destroyed. Also with a
film camera the film had to be developed. There

Digital Image And Its Effect On The Quality Of Image
Abstract: In image processing, noise reduction and restoration of image is expected to improve the
qualitative inspection of an image and the performance criteria of quantitative image analysis
techniques Digital image is inclined to a variety of noise which affects the quality of image. The
main purpose of de–noising the image is to restore the detail of original image as much as possible.
The criteria of the noise removal problem depends on the noise type by which the image is
corrupting .In the field of reducing the image noise several type of linear and non linear filtering
techniques have been proposed . Different approaches for reduction of noise and image
enhancement have been considered, each of which has their own limitation and advantages.
Index Terms– Digital Image Processing, Images Types, Image Noise Model, Filters
INTRODUCTION
Digital Image process could be a part of digital signal process .The area of digital image process
refers to handling digital pictures by means of a computing device. Digital image process has many
merits on analog image process; it permits a significantly wider assortment of algorithms to be apply
to input file and may keep from issues for instance the build–up of noise and signal deformation
throughout processing. Digital Image process involves the modification of digital information for
improving the image qualities with the help of system. The process helps in maximize the clarity,
sharpness of image and details of options of

Steganography Vs. Digital Images
Steganography has been around since 1980's. Various tools and software's are available for
Steganography as well as Steganalysis. The most common form of steganography is on digital
images. For digital images there exist many steganographic techniques and furthermore there exist a
lot of approaches to detect steganography in digital images. In this paper we will be looking at many
tools comprising from various digital domains but we fund that almost all of the tools had support
for image files. With the increasing number of new steganographic algorithms and methods for
detecting steganography, the issue of comparing security of steganographic schemes in a fair manner
is of the most importance. A fair benchmark for steganography should only ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These methods hide messages in significant areas of the cover–image, which make them more
robust to attack and difficult to detect. Transformations can be applied over the entire image, to
block through out the image, or other variants.
Another common approach is to distinguish based on file extension supported:
1. Image steganography
Image steganography has gotten more popular press in recent years than other kinds of
steganography, possibly because of the massive use of electronic image information available with
the advent of digital cameras and high–speed Internet distribution. Image steganography often
involves hiding information in the naturally occurring noise within the image and provides a good
artwork for such techniques. Most kinds of information contain some kind of noise. Noise can be
described as unwanted distortion of information within the signal. Within an audio signal, the
concept of noise is obvious. For images, however, noise generally refers to the imperfections
inherent in the process of rendering an analog picture as a digital image. For example, the values of
colors in the palette for a digital image will not only be the exact colors in the real image and the
distribution of these colors will be also be imperfect. The greater the number of bits used to

The Digital Of Digital Image
There has been an explosive growth in use of internet and World Wide Web and also in multimedia
technology and it's applications recently. This has facilitated the distribution of the digital contents
over the internet. Digital multimedia works (video, audio and images) become available for
retransmission, reproduction, and publishing over the Internet. A large amount of digital data is
duplicated and distributed without the owner's consent. This arises a real need for protection against
unauthorized copy and distribution. Hence it became necessary to build some secure techniques for
legal distribution of these digital contents. Digital Watermarking has proved to be a good solution to
tackle these problems. It discourages the copyright violation and help to determine the authenticity
and ownership of the data.
A Digital image watermarking systems have been proposed as an efficient means for copyright
protection & authentication of digital image content against unintended manipulation (spatial
chromatic). Watermarking techniques tries to hide a message related to the actual content of the
digital signal, watermarking is used for providing a kind of security for various type of data (it may
be image, audio, video, etc). Digital watermarking generally falls into the visible watermarking
technology and hidden watermarking technology visible and invisible watermarks both serve to
deter theft but they do so in very different ways.
Watermarking is identified as a major technology

Digital Image Of A Optical Signature Recognition
3.4.1 Offline Signature Recognition
In this type of recognition, the text is not recognized at the same time as it is produced but after the
user has finished writing. In this case, the text is originally written on a surface such as paper and
from there on it is recognized by the computer by scanning the surface. In the scanned Signature is
first stored digitally in grey scale format. bitmap image, and then further processing is done on it to
have a good recognition accuracy.
Features for recognition are enhanced and extracted from the stored bitmap image by using digital
image processing. Offline signature recognition is known as Optical Signature Recognition (OCR),
because the image of writing is converted into bit pattern by an optically digitizing device such as
optical camera or scanner. The recognition is done on this bit pattern data for machine–printed or
hand–written text [3]. Recognition of machine printed signatures is also a part of Optical Signature
Recognition. In offline, methods are less suitable for man–machine communication because no real
time interactivity is present. It is suitable for automatic conversion of paper documents to electric
documents, which then may be interpreted by computers. Some applications of the off–line
recognition are large–scale data processing such as postal address reading; check sorting, office
automation for text entry automatic inspection and identification [11].
3.4.2 Online Signature Recognition
In contrast to the offline

Digital Images And The Digital Image
In today's world when whole world become digitized there is need not only to store and transmit
data but security is also main concern i.e. transmission of data with high security. In earlier time
there ware attempts to hide a message in trusted media so as to deliver it across the enemy
territory[1]. In the modern time of digital communication, several methods are used for hiding
information in any medium. There are many method one of such technique is steganography[2] in
which digital images are used as a medium for hiding secret message or information in the form of
various format such as digital images, video or audio file text file. The main goal of steganography
is to increase communication security by inserting secret message into the digital image by
modifying the pixels of the image which are not very essential. Another most reliable method of
information security is cryptography The steganography is differ from cryptography in the way that
cryptography main aim is to keeping the contents of a information secret, while steganography main
focuses on keeping the existence of a information secret. The science of protecting information
which is mainly in the form of plain text, by transforming it (encrypting it) into an unreadable
format, which is known as cipher text. Cryptography is the study of changing information from its
normal, comprehensible format into an incomprehensible format, rendering it unreadable without
secret knowing secret information and is mainly

Evaluation Of Proposed Design And Necessary Corrective Action
Assignment No: 1
Title :
Review of proposed design and necessary corrective action is taking to consider and submit
publication/presentation details with review report.
Objectives :
1. Constructing a semantic taxonomy for the land–cover classification of satellite images. 2.
Classifying satellite images according to their types such as vegetation, building, water etc.
3. Implementing MapReduce for processing large amount of data (Satellite Images).
Introduction :
Satellite images play a major role in today's world in real–time event detection. These events may
vary from changing landforms, depleting glaciers to catastrophic events like earthquakes, tsunamis
and sand storms. The drastic changes after such events need to be monitored and capturing satellite
images for such event detection can be helpful. The idea behind this project is to detect the changing
landforms across different vegetations, store this data, classify it on the basis of certain specified
parameters and retrieve the classified data using well defined mechanisms. Segmentation and event
detection is highly scalable in satellite images. With the increasing need to have real–time, classified
data for specific applications there is an increasing need to store this chunk of data in a distributed
environment to have better access. The basic idea to is to capture the satellite images and store them
in a distributed environment. The environment to be chosen is Hadoop Distributed Environment.
Hadoop makes it

Pinhole Camera History
Photography
"Photography is a word derived from the Greek words photos ('light') and graphein ('to draw') The
word was first used by the scientist Sir John F.W. Herschel in 1839. It is a method of recording
images by the action of light, or related radiation, on a sensitive material" (Bellis 1). Photography
has been around for quite a few years. It has evolved from a pinhole camera, to a flexible film
camera, and now to digital cameras, but it is slowly being replaced by cellphones and isn't pursued
by as many people. Most cameras now are all digital because technology has increased so rapidly. I
remember when I was nine years old, my grandma bought me a travel film camera. I still have the
film to this day. Memories like that can last a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Otherwise, I refuse to answer the lens question.(27)
This is basically saying, if you are going to be a big time photographer, you better be good at it or it
is pointless. Lenses and cameras are just to expensive to "be a pro" one minute and then "give it up"
the next. You can easily drop two hundred to five thousand dollars. Not very many people have that
kind of money to put on a lens. Photography has been around for quite a few years. It has evolved
from a pinhole camera, to a flexible film camera, and now to digital camera's, but it is slowly being
replaced by cellphones and isn't pursued by as many people. Photography is just to expensive for
people to suddenly show interest in. People just aren't passionate about it anymore as well as willing
to give up time to really focus on learning the basics. This is why photography is considered a dying

Ethnographic Analysis Techniques
I was born into an age where cameras and technology were easily available. I started using cameras
and computers basically from when I was born. I was intrigued by videos and photos. Me and my
friends used the family video camera to make movies and film skits. I took general art classes from
Kindergarten up until now. My interest in graphic design and computer editing programs spiked in
7th grade when i took a technology class with Mr. Mayes. I learned how to use photoshop and edited
pictures for fun. Up until this year photoshop was something I was ok at and never really mastered.
Computer Graphic Design with Ms. Remer–Saenz elevated my ability in photoshop and taught me
how to use Coreldraw and Adobe Illustrator as well. I have been using ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Aperture controls the depth of field. The depth of field is represented by a number called the F/Stop.
When the F/stop is higher (F/22) the picture has a deeper depth of field. The opposite happens when
the F/stop is a lower number. An F/stop of F/1.4, for example, will have a shallower depth of field
where one object is accented without distractions from the background. A photographer may want to
adjust the aperture depending on the type of picture they are taking. A bigger f/stop is good for
taking landscape pictures because it captures every detail of the picture. A smaller f/stop is good for
taking a picture of something that needs to be accented.The blurring of the background gets rid of
distractions from the background and helps the viewer focus on the subject of the image. Shutter
speed is another factor that affects the outcome of your photo. Shutter speed controls motion blur
along with the amount of light that is let into the camera. When taking a picture of an object in
motion different shutter speed will cause the object to look more or less blurred. For instance, a
slower shutter speed (1/4th of a second) will cause the object to look very blurred. In contrast, a
faster shutter speed (1/1000th of a second) will capture more detail of the moving object. For
example, a photographer taking pictures of a nascar race for a sports magazine is going to want to
use a very fast shutter speed to capture every detail of the passing cars. A problem with increasing
the shutter speed is that the image produced becomes darker and darker when the shutter speed is
faster. The lens does not let as much light in and this makes the image hard to see due to darkness.
To compensate photographers will often increase the ISO. Increasing the ISO from 100 to 3200 or
greater will increase the brightness of the image but will also greatly increase the noise that your
photo contains. At a higher

The Digital Sharing Of Sexually Suggestive Images
When searching for a discussion topic earlier this semester, I found an interesting article that
questions whether the act of sexting, or "the digital sharing of sexually suggestive images" (Lampe,
2013, p. 703), by teens should be decriminalized. According to Lampe (2013), currently "laws
dealing with teen sexting vary from state to state," and forty–five states consider it to be a crime (p.
709). And in terms of enforcing these laws, "the outcomes of teen sexting prosecutions vary widely,
from mandatory participation in educational diversion programs, to plea bargains, or convictions"
(Lampe, 2013, p. 710). While reading this article, I was able to understand how these consensually
sent and received images, even though they themselves aren't exploitative, can cause harm if they
fall into the hands of an abuser. However, that doesn't mean I agree that this consensual act between
two teens should be criminalized, so I decided to base my dialogue topic off of this issue. But even
though I thought this argument about decriminalizing teen sexting was very intriguing, I didn't
necessarily want the topic of our class dialogue to revolve around this issue, but rather a broader
discussion of government interference in consensual acts. Thus, I created my discussion question:
how or when should the government be able to interfere with consensual activities? I felt as though
this dialogue was necessary to have due to the current attitude our society seems to have about many
consensual

The Images Of The Digital Image

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