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1. QUARTER II
TECHNOLOGY – BASED ART

3. INTRODUCTION
Technology has literally taken over every aspect of
life in the 21st century, and the creative and visual
arts have not been spared. In fact, for the younger
generations, art as you know it is defined by
technology – from its creation, to its manipulation,
to its reproduction, and even to its distribution.

4. Technology- based art is essentially computer –
generated and/or manipulated. Through the
centuries, visual artists used actual brushes and
palettes, and a whole array of paints, inks, and
natural pigments applied to paper, canvas, fabric,
stucco walls and ceilings. Today’s computer artists
uses the power of image manipulation programs
and uses application to create their works which
can appear in an entire range media

5. Computer/Digital Arts
Origin and Early Stage
The Computer Art is first came in the early 1960s.
Because the technology is constantly developing
and became available at that time. the
experimenters is no necessarily artist but
engineers and scientist who had access to the
experience with the hardware needed.

6. There were questions as to whether it was, in
fact, «true art» since it made use of electronic and
mechanical devices, rather than the artist’s own
hand, to produce the images and effects.
Within a few years, however, there was a general
acceptance of digital art as an exciting and
thought-provoking form of modern art.

7. A sampling of their works can be seen here.
Frieder Nake
Polygon Drawings, 1965
George Nees
Schrotter (“Gravel”), c.

8. Vera Molnar
(Des) Ordres, 1974
Plotter drawing
Ronald Davis
Mountain and Staurolyte,
1997

9. Manfred Mohr, 1999 Olga Kisseleva,
2012

10. Jean-Pierre Hebert, 2007

11. Some digital artists have even used their works to
express their views on political, social, and cultural
issues; as well as to advocate causes that are
critical to modern life, such as the environment
and climate change. Others even explore the
philosophical relationship between science and
technology and the arts.

12. In our country, Filipino artists were likewise
influenced by the technology trend in art. From
the 1960s to the 1990s, their computer-generated
works were primarily geared towards illustrating
for international comic books. In fact, Filipino
illustrators earned quite a reputation for their
talents and were highly in demand in this field.
Eventually, however, the concept of computer-
generated works as a means of serious artistic
expression gained ground among the younger

13. Today, even the more established names in the
field—artists and critics alike—have come to accept
and recognize digital works as fine art. To view
works by Philippine artists employing digital art
techniques, you may visit the websites of the more
progressive museums and art organizations.

14. Cityscape
Antonio Gorordo, c 2010-
2012

15. There are also institutions offering training courses
on the digital arts, such as the
First Academy of Computer Arts, the Philippine
Center for Creative Imaging , as well as the
Technical Education and Skills Development
Authority through scholarships given by the
Animation Council of the Philippines .

16. Computer technology has by now invaded every
aspect of modern life. It was, therefore, inevitable
that it would develop into forms and devices that
could be mass produced, mass distributed, and
therefore widely accessible to everyone.
Summary:
Computer/digital arts make use of electronic and
mechanical devices, rather than the artist’s own
hand, to produce the desired images and effects.

17. In recent decades, personal gadgets such as
laptops, tablets, and android phones have
incorporated the artistic capabilities of the large-
scale computers. So it is now possible for anyone to
be a digital artist.

18. Mobile Phone Art / Computer-generated
Images

19. The mobile phone that you constantly hold has evolved
from a mere communication tool, into a creative device
that allows you to generate original works of art for an
entire range of purposes. These could be personal
photographs and videos that you can manipulate with
a myriad special effects, both visual as well as sound
and music. They could also be school projects or
reports that require you to combine
images, incorporate text, even include simple
animation. You are probably already familiar with the

20. •Pixlr – a powerful, free online image editor
•Pic Collage – allows you to make collages
incorporating photos, stickers, text,
•and frames
•Photo Grid – a downloadable application for android
phones that allows you
•to make collages out of images from your photo
gallery
•Doodle Booth – an iPad application (with a free

21. •Photo Booth – an application for taking photos
and videos using an iPad or iPad mini (a version
for the iPhone, called SimpleBooth, is also
available)
•Magic Mirror Booth – an iPhone application that
allows you to take amusing, distorted images,
simulating camera effects
•Pic Monkey – a free online photo editing tool that

22. • Flipagram – a downloadable application that allows you
to ‘bring your photos to life’ in short videos set to
music of your choice
• Picsart – a free photo editor and drawing application, as
well as a social network for you to share your art with
others
• Snapseed – a photo application that enables you to
enhance, transform, and share your photos; a free
downloadable version for android phones is available
• Instagram – a fast and fun way to share images with

23. Each of these has an extensive array of special
features you can use to modify your images.
Original image Modified with cropping
superimposed text, and
a ‘silk’ texture

29. Computer Generated Images
If you want to create original images from scratch,
you may make your own illustrations using
specialized programs for image generation and
manipulation. These are, however, designed to run
on desktop computers and laptops, so you would
need to have access to these larger and more
complex devices. These enable you to perform
virtually all of the tasks that a program like
Illustrator performs but, almost literally, in the

30. Among such programs are:
• Gimp (GNU Image Manipulation Program)
• Paint.net
• Inkscape
• Xara Extreme
• Artweaver
• Draw Plus

31. • Pencil
• Picasa
• Paint Star
• Smooth Draw
• Spray
• Karbon
• Adobe Photoshop Express
• Corel PaintShop Pro X5

32. Digital Photography
Another means of generating an original image is
to capture it first as a digital file. In the case of
today’s electronic technology, that would mean
recording the image using a digital camera or a
device with a built-in camera, like your mobile
phone, android device, or tablet.

33. Prior to the development of digital
photography, cameras were essentially sealed
boxes that would allow a split-second entry of
light to strike a section of light sensitive film
inside it. The result was that whatever was in front
of the camera at the precise instant that the light
entered it would be imprinted on that exposed
section of film as a photographic image.

34. Point-and-shoot vs. DSLR
The multi-step process described above has since
been overtaken by the magic of digital
photography. Today’s users have the option of a
«point-and-shoot» type of digital camera which
automatically makes all the adjustments in
lighting, focus, zoom-in and zoom-out, even
removal of «red eye» with the user being given
some leeway for slight adjustments.

35. It offers image enhancement features like
adjusting color and brightness imbalances, as well
as sharpening or blurring the image. It may even
offer unique effects like «fish eye» or filters that
allow per-setting of the photo to be taken with a
colored tint or a special texture.
There is no denying, however, the ease and
convenience that digital photography offers to the
millions of amateur photographers out
there. Without needing years of training and

36. Basic Tips for Taking Good Photographs
Whether you are using a DSLR, there are basic
guidelines for capturing a good quality
photographic image:
1. Choose a good location. An interesting location
can sometimes make the difference between a
good and a great photo.
2. Check that the available background is relatively
simple and not too cluttered, so that the focus will

37. 3. Natural light in the outdoors or near a window is
usually the most flattering or effective for any kind of
subject. Ideally, the best light for photos is within the
first hour after sunrise and the last hour before
sunset.
4. Avoid taking shots facing the light, as this would
make your subject back-lit and most of the details
would be lost in shadow.
5. If you intend to take a posed shot, position your
subject where you want in relation to the location,

38. 6. If you intend to take a candid shot, position
yourself where you can capture the most
interesting, amusing, touching, or engaging
moment or expression.
7. Take a variety of shots—ranging from far shots
showing the surroundings, to medium-distance
shots concentrating on the main subject, to tight or
close-up shots that focus on details of the subject.
You can then choose from among all these for the
best photo or photos.

39. Video Games / Digital Painting / Imaging Videos
Video Games
For today’s younger generation that grew up in a
digital world, even entertainment now comes
courtesy of computer devices. A major component
of such entertainment is in the form of video games
of every conceivable genre, subject matter, and skill
level.

40. These range from educational games and mind
twisters, to building and construction games, to
ones that entail physical interaction by the
users . Similar to image creation and
manipulation, it is now possible for video game
fans to become video game creators
themselves. Plus there are available programs that
can be downloaded and used immediately, with no
need for prior knowledge on coding or web
development.

41. Examples of such programs are:
• Twine - http://twinery.org/
• Stencyl - https://www.udemy.com/create-your-
first-computer-game-withstencyl/
• GameMaker - https://www.yoyogames.com/learn

42. Digital Painting
Digital painting is a method of creating an artwork using
a computer. This is, however, different from the image
generating devices and programs discussed above,
which create, modify, store, and share images entirely
on a laptop, tablet, or android phone. Digital painting
still makes use of traditional painting mediums such as
acrylic paint, oils, ink, and watercolor and also applies
the pigment to traditional surfaces, such as canvas,
paper, polyester etc. But it does so by employing

43. The canvas, brushes, paints, and other tools are all
virtual, existing only within the computer. And the
finished work is also stored in virtual format, to be
shared through cyber space. CTRL + Paint is an
example of an online resource for teaching yourself
digital painting for free, via simple videos and mini
tutorials.

44. Video Technology / Imaging Videos
Social media purposes - Another tremendously
powerful and innovative field that digital technology
has revolutionized is that of creating and presenting
videos. The explosion of social media in recent
decades has provided a new platform for video
materials targeting the «netizens» of today. Again,
the digital technology to capture and edit such videos

45. Medical/scientific purposes – Another extremely
valuable use of today’s video
technology is that of imaging videos in the fields of
medicine and science. You may be familiar with
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computerized
Tomography (CT scans), and the like which are used
to create and record visual images of a patient’s
internal anatomy in order to diagnose and treat
diseases and injuries.

46. There are also ultrasound tests or sonograms,
which translate sound waves bouncing off physical
objects into images that can be studied—whether a
baby developing in the womb (in 2D, 3D, and 4D
options), growths or malformations inside the
body, structural flaws in buildings, as well as
objects in outer space, underground, and deep in
the ocean.