Integrating Cultural Competence To Nursing Methods

Integrating Cultural Competence to Nursing Methods
As a working nurse on an acute behavioral health unit, emergency department, case management,
cultural awareness is crucial when treating a diverse population of patients. According to the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health (OMH), cultural competence
is, "is a set of behaviors, attitudes, and skills that enables nurses to work effectively in cross–cultural
situations" (Garcia, 2007, p. 1). It is important for nurses to deliver culturally competent and
appropriate care to patients due to the perpetually growing culture of diversity. My workplace is
located in Orange, California. Demographically, the city is made up of 47 percent Caucasian, 38
percent Hispanic, 11 percent Asian/Pacific Islander, 1 percent ... Show more content on
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Considering I usually care for adults aged 18 and up, while caring for this patient I changed my
approach. Due to the age of this patient, I found myself explaining the plan of care not only to the
patient but to his mother as well. I have conflicting views on the child's treatments and had set my
beliefs aside; as I know that ethnocentrism is not effective in the nursing care. The interventions I
used with this patient were given without judgment, simply discharge orders suggested by the doctor
and medication education. In this case, I had to explain to the patient and his family that the doctor
felt the herbs the child was taking, could possibly be causing him harm. I explained that the herbs
may have resulted in a higher than normal pulse, which is hard on his heart and not supplying proper
blood flow throughout the body which in turn decreases the oxygen saturation level. By asking the
family to discontinue the child's herbal medicine, I felt I was going against their cultural beliefs.
The next intervention I implemented with this patient was addressing a lifestyle adjustment, as the
child is overweight and appears overwhelmed with his studies. I encouraged the patient to eat a
healthy diet with written guidelines and stressed the importance of implementing a daily exercise
routine into his life.
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Culture Jamming
With consumer culture rapidly increasing, commercialism is at its peak. Branding has become an
identity; the way the public defines itself and actively relies on it to express its beliefs and
personality. The consumerist community is heavily influenced by graphic designers through form of
advertisement, designed to reflect the mass–media networks in a sophisticated manner. (J. Berger). A
study by Daniel Yankelovich shows that an individual living in a city 30 years ago, experienced
approximately 2,000 ads messages a day, compared to estimated 5,000 today (Yankelovich,). By
visually communicating a message, graphic designers influence society's decision making therefore,
being accountable for the message they are conveying, whether it is positive or negative.
Anti–brand is a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Washington.edu). The culture jamming community explains that consumerism diminished social,
political, and cultural values through televised commercial content and branded logos. Culture
jamming is raising awareness of such issues by manipulating images associated with the consumer
culture through fashion, logos, and product images. Its purpose is to expose political matters behind
the commercial aspect of the culture, to cause people to question the idea of trend and branding.
A physical example of Culture Jamming is by a local skateboarding company, Consolidated
Skateboard. The company has started in 1992 with a purpose to spread their message of fighting
against corporate brands and support local suppliers instead. Similarly to the Adbusters 'Blackspot
sneaker', Consolidated came out with a shoe that represents the play on Nike's 'Swoosh', placing a
logo of a banana in the same place the 'Swoosh' would be placed. The shoe was a part of the 'Don't
do it

Analysis Of Culture Jamming By Kalle Lasn
T Culture jamming is a phenomenon with a rich history and deep traditions. This unique social
movement is used by anti–consumerists who disrupt mainstream cultural institutions to encourage
people to change. The main assumptions of culture jamming become therefore an act in opposition
to the commercialization of social life, the fight against consumerism and make people aware of the
danger flowing from the corporations developments. The culture jamming movement tries to present
ads with different ways to think about consumerism and convince people to change their lifestyle.
Culture jamming attempts to "jam" the conveyance of our corporate and media complex and
presents itself as an antagonist toward consumer culture. Kalle Lasn and Rachel Shteir describe
what cultural jamming ostensibly seeks to do. Lasn is considered the founding father of the
movement of culture jamming. The author of the book Culture Jamming, Lasn became famous as
the creator of "Adbusters" ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jammers present parodies of ads and want to "unbrand" the companies. Lasn says, "Living in the
moment, pursuing the authentic gesture, living close to the edge–call it what you will–when it's
genuine, it's the force that makes life worth living. It is also what consumer capitalism takes away
from you every time it sells you brand–name "cool" or this month's rebel attitude" (106). Thus,
brand name products do not give us happiness but rather a false image about ourselves. By
advertising, we are being told what our interests are and we are buying those false interests. We are
bombarded with all these steaming commercials, messages and images that influence our lives. We
are being suffocated by them, and culture jamming is about having impact back. However, at the
end of the day, it is the consumer choice whether or not he/she buys anything. We are defiantly
surrounded by ads, but it does boil down to

Music and Cultural Identity
Some may say music is just music; a song is just a song. However, music plays an enormous role in
our psychology, because a single song has the ability to bring about many kinds of thoughts and
emotions in the listener. Music is subtly one of the main factors in which people identify with
certain groups and establish their belonging in society. It shapes people's perspectives on how the
world functions and the roles they play within it. Music can function the same way in a culture; it
can reflect many of the culture's values and ideologies. Music can have many effects on culture and
the people's idea of who they think they are within that culture. Music can serve in a way that
promotes cultural identity and pride, yet it could also play a ... Show more content on
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Their sense of belongingness gives the people pride, because the songs embody the rich history,
culture, and values of Mexico. As a result, people in in Mexican communities are able to proudly
identify themselves as Mexicans. With a vast amount of culturally proud people, Mexican culture
will ultimately be kept alive.
Music can also be a differentiating factor for social and economic classes. In lecture twelve (Roma
music), the clear distinction between the romungre and vlachs musicals groups proved that music
influenced this separation. The types of instruments used, or lack of, tell of the people's standing in
the social and economic ladders. For instance, romungre music is professional, urban, and was
played in elaborate settings. In the video excerpt shown during lecture, the well–dressed man played
the violin, while the other members played other various instruments such as the cimbalom and
piano. The possession of the various instruments is clear evidence that the people in that community
have extra money to spend on these luxurious items. In addition to the aesthetics of the performance,
the sounds produced by these instruments also suggest a level of sophistication and class. The song
began with a sow tempo, which offers a smooth timbre. The tempo then sped up, which showed the
virtuosity of performers, suggesting the affluence of the performers, because he was

A Research Carried Out By Geert Hofstede And His...
This report aims to introduce the research carried out by Geert Hofstede and his colleagues,
identifying study procedures and overall outcomes. It will also examine each of the seven
dimensions individually and clearly detect primary comparisons and contrasts of this model. Key
implications of each dimension will also be studied in relation to management of Multinational
enterprises, introducing appropriate examples throughout.
Geert Hofstede defines national culture as 'the collective programming of the mind distinguishing
the members of one group or category of people from others' (Hofstede, 2012). Hofstede's findings
were influenced by his former occupation as an IBM employee, inspiring his most significant work
in advancing the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The penultimate research of national culture referring to the study of value dimensions was
conducted by Michael Harris Bond. Bond carried out further exploration among a group of students
by leading a survey developed by Chinese professors, undertaken in 23 countries. This factor was
called long–term orientation, which then resolved in becoming the fifth cultural dimension.
By 2010 the model was completed after a final two more dimensions were added, named
pragmatism and indulgence. The research carried out was conducted by Michael Minkov, who
studied modern World Values Survey data taken from population samples nationally. Author Robert
R.McCrae supports Hofstede's dimensions by believing that they 'represent a well–validated
operationalization of differences between cultures as manifested in dominant value systems'
(McCrae, 2004). However, as studied on the Geert Hofstede website, only 6 dimensions are needed
and necessary in defining culture attributes, resulting in pragmatism being dropped because of
overlapping of meanings with long–term orientation.
Firstly, Hofstede's interpretation of power distance in comparing cultures is that it expresses the
amount by which a smaller amount of authoritative members of a civilisation agree and assume that
power in a culture is dispersed unequally.

Culture Industry Theory
It is increasingly clear that media and culture today are of central importance to the maintenance and
reproduction of contemporary societies. Cultures expose society to different personalities, provide
models, which display various forms of societal life and cultivate various ways to introduce people
into dominant forms of thought and action. These are the types of activities integrate people into
society and create our public sphere. Media and technology surround our society; engrained into the
fabric of our existence so much so, that it has become hard to find an aspect of life not influenced by
its effects. For this reason, media controllers, wield extreme power and influence over the lives of
everyday people. Although, they ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Debord believed that commodity creation was what characterized new consumer societies, and the
idea of society of the spectacle was a way to analyze theses emerging cultural forms. For Debord,
the media is a part of this spectacle. Debord defines spectacles as, " an exhibit of dazzling perfusion
of commodities and things to purchase which in turn [are] celebrated in advertising campaigns that
inscribed the new consumer items with an aura of magic and divinity",( Durham and Kellner 14).
This is what Burger King has done in its marketing strategies. In one of its most recent marketing
campaigns, Burger King took their trademarked "Whopper" to various remote locations across the
world and surveyed different groups of people, all of whom have never seen let alone eaten a
hamburger before in their life, asking them which burger they like best, the Whopper or Burger
Kings competitor McDonalds "Big Mac". A campaign called "Whopper Virgins". Whopper Virgins
painted the picture to consumers who viewed the video, that the Whopper, and therefore Burger
King, where a commodity that nobody deserved to live without because of their life changing
abilities. Society as spectacle also, "encompasses all the means and methods ruling powers employ,
outside of direct force, which subject individuals to societal manipulation while obscuring the nature
and effects of operations of domination and subordination", (Durham and Kellner 15). Shot in the
form of a

What Does Culture Affect Hr Philosophy, Policies And...
1.– Culture gives societies their distinctive flavor and provides a guide as to how people interact and
what they expect from one another. How does culture affect HR philosophy, policies and programs?
Culture consists of symbolic system of values, attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions about appropriate
behaviors that are shared in our society as a way of life. In other words, culture is a set of meanings
(senses) and values that inform a particular way of life. It is lifestyle that shape and form a particular
human group. For this reason it is important to recognize that culture affect human resource
philosophy, policies and programs in the structure of organizations.
Culture affects organizations because their individuals are influenced by cognitive and motivational
perspectives. From a cognitive perspective, individuals are able to learn from different sets of values
that permit them to organize and process information about human resources management practices.
And, from the motivational perspective, we can understand how individuals view themselves and
their relationship with others. Both perspectives, cognitive and motivational, permit to have
knowledge about the mechanism of cultural influences in the human resources philosophy, policies
and programs in the organizations.
In addition, according to David Thomas and Mila Lazarova, there are two mechanisms that
influence and might be identified in the organizational structure: First, the organizational structure

A Diverse Society Can Coexist Peacefully
In America, there are many different nationalities, cultures, beliefs, and values. This diversity is one
thing that makes America so attractive to outsiders. Along with the many benefits this diversity
brings to society, however, it also causes some challenges. Challenges such as a clash of cultural
beliefs; clashes of the way society should view its ethical obligations toward family and those they
love. These beliefs are definitely influenced by the culture people were raised in and the values
inculcated into them from youth. In an extremely diverse country, like the United States of America,
this causes trouble because these conflicts or clashes can create tense surroundings. Despite having
many cultural differences, society can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"I loved my tía, but something told me to keep my mouth shut. Maybe it was family loyalty" (Diaz
132). Once again, it is the human tendency to remain loyal and protect our family members. If
society takes the values that are common to each culture, and then builds upon this stable
foundation, then society will benefit. Society would benefit because positive relationships are built
off what people have in common with one another. When different cultures in a society see how
much they have in common with one another, they will be more apt to cooperate. Another writer,
Jane English, raised in the American culture, highlights in her piece, "What do Grown Children Owe
their Parents", a belief that many cultures around the world would agree with. This is the belief that
"when children grow up, they should offer assistance and aid to their parents in any way possible
when given the opportunity" (English 111–114). This is a form of Loyalty, but also stems from
Love, and the importance of Family, three of the values cherished in many cultures. No matter
where a person is from, Jane English argues that "the relationship between children and their parents
should be one of friendship characterized by mutuality rather than one of reciprocal favors" (English
113). In English's and Diaz's respective pieces, they highlight three values, Love, Loyalty, and
Family. Both of these completely different cultures share these values, and really, they share it in
common with many more

Richard Wright's 12 Million Black Voices: Photo and Text
12 Million Black Voices by Richard Wright is a photo and text book which poetically tells the tale of
African Americans from the time they were taken from Africa to the time things started to improve
for them in a 149 page reflection. Using interchanging series of texts and photographs, Richard
Wright encompasses the voices of 12 Million African–Americans, and tells of their sufferings, their
fears, the phases through which they have gone and their hopes. In this book, most of the photos
used were from the FSA: Farm Security Administration and a few others not from them. They were
selected to complement and show the points of the text. The African–Americans in the photos were
depicted with dignity. In their eyes, even though clearly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
And to additionally prove it, he shows the cultures they created in the South and the North through
the pictures Church service, Georgia. FSA by Jack Delano (68, 69, 71), the pictures Church Service,
Illinois FSA by Russell Lee (70, 72, 92), the pictures by the same photographer named Roller–
skating rink, Chicago, III. FSA (126,127), including the picture Negroes Dancing, Mississippi. FSA
(74) and Jitterbugging in Harlem, New York, N.Y. from The Bettmann Archive (129). In these
pictures he shows parts of the culture of African–Americans.
Though they do have their own culture, one they created out of pain, hope, and the desire to live,
African–Americans were people who really did have little control of their lives. They were
surrounded by people who only wanted them to fail, who wanted to look down on them, never
wanted them to succeed, and wanted to see them as nothing but property. The governments, to
which people usually turn to during times of need, were against them. The people who were in the
same situations as them, the poor whites, were against them because they were set against each
other. They had no land, no power, no say, and were forced to know nothing of the way to survive
outside of the Lord of the Lands' lands. They were forbidden to read, or learn anything that might
help them out. When they get the chance to learn, their situation does not allow them to. They were
cheated of the

Cultural Safety And Nursing Practice
Cultural safety is a concept that is integral to providing best care to patients in nursing practice. The
CRNBC defines cultural safety as a process requiring RNs to reflect on their cultural identity, and
develop their practice in a way that allows them to affirm the culture of their patients; cultural
unsafety can be defined as any actions which demean, diminish, or disempower the cultural identity
and well–being of people; this also addresses the dynamics of the power relationship between the
Health Care Provider and the patient (p17). Although an environment of cultural safety is a standard
that we are held to as nurses, this ideal is not always reached. In this paper I will discuss one such
incidence, as well as some of the changes that will assist myself as a nurse, as well as others
members of the healthcare team to create an environment of cultural safety.
Culturally Unsafe Experience Through my nursing practice, I was on a team caring a patient who we
will refer to as John. John was a middle–aged Aboriginal gentleman. He was hospitalized due to
end–stage liver failure, secondary to alcohol abuse. As a result, John was receiving end of life
comfort care. While in the room with John, the nurses were always very considerate of him and
provided him with adequate end of life care. However, as soon as the nurses would leave the room,
they would discuss his condition with other nurses. This included talking about how they don't feel
empathetic for him or enjoy caring for

Adbusters Media Foundation: An Active Space for Participation
Adbusters Media Foundation:
An Active Space for Participation
We live in the age of consumerism; we are constantly surrounded by advertisements in our everyday
environments. Through television, print, billboards, radio, the Internet and countless other mediums,
it seems as though we cannot escape ads. We have become so accustomed to advertisements that
most of the time we are unaware of the impact they can have on us. To help us become more aware
of the effects of advertisements and consumerism, activist groups like Adbusters has helped bring
more attention and awareness to how information and meaning gets generated and transmitted in our
society today.
Adbusters is labeled as a media activist group, that is a non–profit ... Show more content on
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This led to Lasn and his friend Schmalz to launch Adbusters the magazine and the Media
Foundation in hopes of providing a medium to critique and counteract against advertising,
consumerism and the way meaning gets transmitted to the public (Lynch, 1997). Adbusters
describes itself as "a global network of artists, activists, writers, pranksters, students, educators and
entrepreneurs who want to advance the new social activist movement of the information age. Our
aim is to topple existing power structures and forge a major shift in the way we live in the 21st
century" (Sandlin & Milam, 2008, p. 328).
Adbusters focus heavily on two main issues, how mass media colonizes space and how capitalism
and consumption are disrupting our natural environments (Rumbo, 2012). Adbusters largest
communicative practice is their magazine, Adbusters. Adbusters magazine is not–for–profit and is
mainly supported by their readers and donations (Sandlin & Milam, 2008). The magazine has an
international circulation of about 85,000 and about 20,000 online readers that read up on their
articles and stories (Sandlin & Milam, 2008). This was all accomplished without any advertisements
in their magazine. The content of the magazine is generated by its staff members as well as activists
alike; the magazine contains commentaries and articles criticizing how advertising, large
corporations and consumerism

Culture Jamming Research Paper
In 1993, citizens still cursed out the web World–Wide–Web and afterward accommodatingly
shortened it (W.W.W.) for newcomers. A considerable amount has changed since that year, when it
started to first light on activists, agitators, and nerds that organized PCs could be utilized as devices
for individual and gathering political activity. The individuals who perceived the power and reach of
broad communications had as of now been searching for approaches to talk back to government
officials, organizations and others. Access to work area best distributing and picture altering, and in
addition the way to disseminate through the web started to be utilized as instruments in a practice
that came to be known as "culture jamming," which includes turning around the normal messages
and making a resistance. [Culture Jamming] Does post–9/11 America still discover the defiance of
net saboteurs? What's more, hacktivists Romantic? Is it handy today to seek after individual
activism and resistance? ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He clarifies that among the most loved strategies are making and surreptitiously posting fake
commercials and deceiving news media into announcing false stories. The intensity, hazard, and
lawfulness of these activities differ generally. The most radical of the way of life jammers would
unmistakably cross lawful lines. Dery portrays how bunches like the Billboard Liberation Front and
Truth in Advertising achieve their way of life

Semai Culture
The Semai Culture
Cynthia Sankfield
ANT 101 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology
Alison Lee
2/7/11
The Semai are a semi sedentary people living in the center of the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia.
This group is mostly popular for their non–violence. The Semai are horticulturalists who have a gift
economy.
II. Body paragraph #1 – Economic organization
The Semai subsist on the cultivation of manioc and rice, plus fishing, hunting, and trade in so called
minor forest products, such as rattan. B. The more traditional Semai live in small, isolated camps on
mountain slopes at high altitudes and grow mainly mountain rice, millet, and maize. 1. Semai
environments are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are no separate ideals for women versus men, and no task that are strictly for women or men.
A newly married couple often lives for weeks in the wife's settlement since majority of the time
spouses are from different settlements. The couple takes turns living within each other's settlement
until they finally settle down in one or the other. As long as the couple remains sleeping and eating
together they are considered married. But if the couple no longer sleeps or eat together they are
considered separated. For the Semai, the ideal adult man has a good relationship with his wife, lover
his children more than anything, has a normal sexual appetite, a good appetite, and a healthy cool
body. He keeps his feelings and thoughts to himself. He does not cause confusion for others and
does not try to make someone including his own child do something contrary to that person's will.
He does not harm strangers even if he mistrusts them. If he is being attacked he will open his arms
hoping to make the attacker change their mind or the Semai man will flee.
C. The men and women work equally.
V. Conclusion A. In my opinion if some practices of the Semai culture were taken in to practice by
the American culture, life as an American may be a lot easier.
References Dentan, R. (1968). The Semai: A Nonviolent People of Malaysia. New York: Holt,
Rinehart, and Winston. Gerco, K. (2002). Cultural contact and

Group Behaviors And Communication Ways Found Between...
In this real world paper, I researched a case study of Swedish company and its subsidiary in China.
In this case study, there are different management styles, employee behaviors and communication
ways found between Swedish and Chinese. Both Sweden and China are trying to manage different
ways of thinking and behavior while they are communicating with each other. Therefore, both side
of the company are having a hard time with cross cultural challenges.
The Sweden culture tends to be a country in the lower power distance while China is a high power
distance country. There is an example of high power distance orientation of China. Swedish
company made a high standard for a product and asked the production manager in China can they
achieve ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is another example show the conflict base on individualism vs. collectivism between Swedish and
China. The technical product manager from Swedish company was asking a model for a new
product; however, he got a message written "there was a 1mm error of the product they made and
asked what they should do?" The manager from Swedish does not understand why the Chinese
employee ask him what should they do instead of adjust the error by themselves. Base on the
individual of Swedish, they would usually manager themselves to make own decision on most of the
issues. On the other hand, Chinese are more collective and most of the decisions would make
through discussion with others. Even though the Chinese managers know that they would need to
adjust a new model at the end, they still decide to notify there is a problem and wait for Swedish
manager instruction.
The differences between Chinese and Swedish cultures continue to affect multinational business
development if they do not resolve it. Cross–cultural conflicts usually caused by cultural differences
of the company 's strategic decisions; in addition, it will disrupt the operation of the enterprise
program and reduce efficiency. Because of the conflicts the various relationships between
employees will be influencing and operating costs will increase. It will greatly reduce the
operational efficiency of the business management organization. Therefore, Swedish managers must
understand the

Example Of Culture Jamming
This essay will unpack the ways in which hegemonic discourses are subverted to present
counterhegemonic discourses focusing on the Tokolos stencil on page two. It shall equally consider
the potential and limitations of such a practice in a South African context. Finally, this essay will
argue that culture jamming brings about liberal pluralism and leads to a critical pedagogy by
encouraging people to do reverse engineering and question the dominant ideologies set in place.
Culture jamming is a form of media activism where hegemonic discourses are disputed though the
subversion of media texts to create a new counterhegemonic meaning. According to Klein, it is the
"practice of parodying advertisements and hijacking billboards in order to drastically alter their
messages" (2001: 280). Another definition is, "A form of media activism that subverts and reworks
the intended meaning of existing media texts or parodies major corporations, public figures, and
their media images" (Stadler & O'Shaughnessy, 2005: 188).
"'Hegemony' in this case means the success of the dominant classes in presenting their definition of
reality, their view of the world, in such a way that it is accepted by other classes as 'common sense'.
The general 'consensus' is that it is the only sensible way of ... Show more content on
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It reworks the original meaning of existing texts. It brings into play the public's knowledge of brand
and subverts it to pass across a particular message. For culture jamming to be successful, the
original message and the art work or typography must be recognisable. Culture jamming often uses
the very platform used by the advertiser to create a new message via mimesis. It can be described as
some sort of semiotic imitation game. The hegemonic signifier is hijacked and the signified changes.
The visual codes are subtly subverted so that the final product isn't very different from the original
but the meaning is completely

Culture Jamming And Parody Advertisement
Out of all the topics discussed this week, culture jamming is one that certainly piqued my interest.
Primarily, culture jamming is defined as a tactic used by social activists to change the public's point
of view and bring attention to the negative aspects of certain products. This communication tool
achieves its goal by making parodies of advertisements of popular brands, ranging from stores, fast
food chains, and even beverages. For example, a parody ad for Pepsi reads "Corn Syrup," where the
logo of Pepsi is used as the letter "o." Another example is of McDonald's, where the logo of
McDonald's, "M," is inverted to a "W," and reads "I'm gainin' it." Both of these parodies reflect the
product's unhealthy components. Christine Harold separates

Culture Jamming In Chuck Palahniuk's Fight Club
Culture jamming is a response to the commercialization of the public life. Culture Jamming activists
argue that politics, culture and social values have been strongly influenced by corporate logos,
commercial environments and television content that is targeted towards specific audiences. Culture
Jammers provoke ideas that play with brand image and the human mind in order to gain the
attention of consumers and promote awareness or corruption. Although the narrator in Chuck
Palahniuk's Fight Club is never given a name, we eventually come to terms with the fact that Tyler
Durdan and the narrator are the same person.When being introduced to the Tyler's condo although it
is destroyed by himself, we get a taste of society's fascination with possessions ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
BBB are a network of militant bakers armed with pies that are ready to change the world. They
stand for ecology, human–scale economies and essentially destroying the root of the problem. The
first BBB pie action was Charles Hurwitz who was the CEO of Maxxam, the parent company of
Pacific Lumber– but it didn't stop there. About seven months later, Noël Godin (founder of BB) pied
Bill Gates. Six months after that, they pied Milton Friedman(economist), and then it spread from
there. "Ranging from politicians to corporate executives to filmmakers, environmental offenders and
homophobes, the targets have included big names and ones less

Television Advertisement
Television can be used to demonstrate the product in action, or to use colour and sound to build an
atmosphere around the product, thus enhancing its image (Fahy & Jobber, 2006). The emphasis for
this thesis will be television advertisements, because of the many elements of television, sound,
colour, sight and motion that aid the presentation of the message. Also the fact that Brassington and
Pettitt (2000) argue that television is better for creating an advertisement message with emotional
appeals, contributes to our concentration to television advertisements. The degree of television
advertisement standardization/adaptation at the international level refers mainly to the manipulation
by the manager of the promotional mix elements ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Chandra's et al. (2002) research suggests that cross–market consumer variations may necessitate
unique decisions about adaptations in an advertisement's theme, slogan, idiomatic expressions,
symbols and colours. Furthermore, Chandra et al. (2002) state that for a firm to maximize profits
fully, it must adapt their advertising campaigns to the needs of its specific international target
market.
2.1 Elements in Television Advertising
Melewar and Vemmervik (2004) found in their research that the visual and verbal elements of
advertising are particularly sensitive to/and are more dependent on cultural differences. They
continue with saying that the use of local language, models and scenery increases the probability for
the advertisement to be effective. Laroche and Teng (2006) added another element appeal, which
will add another dimension to our research and provide a more comprehensive and clear picture of
the research area.
Appeals
Advertising appeals are defined as message designed to motivate customers to make a purchase.
(Mueller, 1992) According to Laroche and Teng (2006) the most basic elements associated with
advertising are the choice of appeal. Kelley and Turley (1997) state that advertising appeals are
commonly categorize into two broad types, rational and emotional appeal. Laroche and Teng (2006)
further argue that when cultural

The Cultural Clash Of The American Educational System
Immigrants into the United States often perceive education as the principal method for their children
to attain a better life than they have been able to provide for them. The immigrants have dreams and
hopes of their children becoming successful and working in better conditions that they had to endure
in order to survive. However for the children, accomplishing the immense dreams their parents hold
for them can be challenging. While striving to obtain an education, the children face many cultural
clashes because the ideas they learn while in school or the process of attaining the education goes
against many of the cultural or family values they have been raised with. This is an issue that is
iterated in many texts by Latina writers ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In The Latin Deli, Ortiz–Cofer employs the use of fictional stories to present the two different
experiences of cultural struggle caused by education.
In the first short story "American History", the character puts her education in front of her family,
which created a distance between her and her mother causing a cultural conflict. Her mother wanted
her to mourn and attend a church service with her that night in honor of President Kennedy, who
was seen as a champion for immigrants, but she declined because she had to study for a test. Her
education puts a physical and emotional barrier between her and her mother; as her mother tried to
embrace her, "her books were in the way", stopping the embrace in its tracks. Her mother was hurt
emotionally by her words and the physical distance between them that she spat out "you are
forgetting who you are" (page 13). Her mother felt that because she decided to put her education
ahead of being with her family that night, and by creating the emotional and physical barrier, she
would be denying a part of who she was. In the story "Advanced Biology" Ortiz–Cofer again
highlights the cultural struggle the main character undergoes as she attains an education. This time,
education was causing her to drift away from her faith, which was an integral part of her

Art Institute Of Californi Hollywood
Visual Language and Culture
Final Project: Research Essay
Leonard Hermoso
Art Institute of California: Hollywood Abstract
Since its early days, the media have always had a hand at molding who we are as a society. It is an
extension of our culture and who we are. It has been a conduit of knowledge and information from
person to person. A consistent attribute of media is the desire of the elites to control it and a
resistance from people that want more freedom from such influences. Today, it is all around us,
affecting most, if not all, of our daily lives. It influences how kids grow up in our society. It creates
ideals that we want so much to achieve; labels us in order to promote the consumer culture. Being
filled with media all the time, it can affect our society in a way that most people would think are
negative. It can be a source of unrealistic expectations, a distorted look on reality, a distorted image
of beauty and a reason health to deteriorate, be it physically or mentally. The media is a blessing for
us, but one must be careful with it for it will always be accompanied with things that can have a
negative effect on us.
The media has become a part of us, a part of something that shapes who we are, our desires, and
what we expect to have in life. Throughout his book: "Understanding Media Cultures: Social Theory
and Mass Communication," Stevenson Nick asserted that the media has become an extension of
who we are, and an extension of what we have become and can

Effects and Prudence of Globalization
Globalization is a very controversial issue that has attracted massive attention in the past few
decades. Globalization has impacted people across the world in personal, social, political and
economic fields. The effects of globalization are numerous. People across one country today eat
from the same restaurants, wear the same clothes, speak the same language and drive the same car
as people from the opposite side of the globe. Instant communication with people is easier today
than ever. The consequences of this rapid globalization are subject to interpretation. People, in
general, tend to be biased about the net results of globalization. World leaders, however, have taken
tangible steps towards encouraging a peaceful globalization. ... Show more content on
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Thus, people got fearful of losing the aspects they cherish in their particular identities like their
cultures, traditions and religions. This fear is noticed and observed by people across the world in
different shapes and forms, both physically and verbally. Pew Global Attitudes Project (2007) writes
that ''But there are widely shared concerns about the free flow of people, ideas and resources that
globalization entails.'' In other words, people are worried about the consequences of ease of entry for
foreign people, foreign ideas and foreign resources into the countries. Losing the culture and values
is a real threat to people's core identities. Consequently, this fear has occasionally led to violence,
regulatory defense mechanisms against free trade and strict censorship against foreign ideas
contained in books, movies and music.
Furthermore, globalizations has led to damage to the environment, but environmental dangers are
exaggerated. Given the mass level at which many companies operate, the production process
naturally requires more raw materials. This entails more trees being chopped, more oil manufactured
and more land used for construction. However, the media has, in many cases, inflated the
environmental concerns by using unscientific methods, inaccurate figures and biased footage to
inspire fear against globalization. Charles (2004) writes in his article "The Environmental Benefits
of Globalization''

How the Concept of Diversity Rises with Globalization
Introduction
Diversity is generally defined as acknowledging, understanding, accepting, valuing and celebrating
differences among people with respect to age, class, ethnicity, gender, physical and mental ability,
race, sexual orientation, spiritual practice, and public assistance status (Etsy,et al. 1995).
The idea of diversity emerged when globalisation came into the picture in 1990–91 (Bhatia, 2008).
As globalization began to affect organisations, there was a coverage of workplace from diverse
countries, cultures, values, and styles that presented tremendous opportunities as well as challenges
(Bhatia, 2008). Organisations can have the ultimate lead in the market place if effective human
resources are in place. Now in the 21st century, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When "diversity management" was first introduced, the system was guided by the melting pot
approach. Assuming that the minority will succumb to the cultural beliefs, values, and lifestyles of
the majority but upon further observation, organisations begin to realise that employees do not set
aside their lifestyles, believes, traditions or work styles regardless of what the dominant culture was
in the organisation (Bhatia, 2008). Therefore, it is preferred to respect, understand and value cultural
differences in an organisation instead of trying to change them. Through those difference,
management has to practice and learn to adapt to the life of the diverse groups.
The task of managing diversity is to create a comfortable environment for all employees to work in
so that they can be effective in their jobs. It is important for top managements to strongly emphasize
on this diverse culture as a goal and include diversity initiatives in their business strategies.
With the digits of women, young workers and ethnic minorities joining the work force,

Madeleine Leininger's Cultural Care Diversity Theory
Nursing theory provides the basis, or framework, of the nursing profession and helps to identify the
unique qualities of the profession. Without theory to explain the focus of the nursing profession, the
profession may lose direction and its understanding of new knowledge to build upon the discipline
(CCN, 2014). Theories must be applied in various settings such as bedside nursing, lead nurse
management, and executive management. One of the issues that our local healthcare system has
been dealing with is an increase in culturally diverse patients. There has been a recent surge in
Sudanese and Hispanic populations seeking healthcare. The direct care staff treating these patients
need to have resources available to provided culturally competent care. This includes things such as
translators, translating devices such as the "blue telephone", and culturally appropriate spiritual care.
The theory chosen for analysis in this paper is Madeleine Leininger's Cultural Care Diversity
Theory. Leinenger's theory looks at individual patients' with relation to their cultural heritage. The
pieces of her theory include culture, culture care, and culture–care similarities and differences
pertaining to transcultural human care (CCN, 2014). This middle range theory has the potential to
influence nurses to provide culturally competent care to patients such as Hispanics. The writer of
this paper has unintentionally used Leinenger's theory in practice while caring for patients. There

Culture Jamming Definition
Culture jamming is a tactic used by anti–consumerists, it is a practice of parodying advertisements
and hijacking billboards in attempt to make a statement regarding the incorrect messages presented
to consumers. In other words people who physically vandalize on ads out in the public to get their
opinion out, whether it be for electronics, fashion, food restaurants and so on. Culture jammers may
feel they are just as powerful as the multi–billion dollar advertising corporations. If vandalism is a
crime then most certainly culture jamming is also considered a criminal activity. Although it may be
beneficial to be informed about the products and services we consumers buy, it is still not acceptable
and is still considered vandalism. I am all

Personal Narrative: My Cultural Identity
When I think of culture I think of the way I live and where I come from. My culture describes how I
act and who I am. My cultural identity is country. My favorite thing about my culture is the food eat
because it is some great food. Culture is also about the food I eat, the clothes I wear, the music I
listen to, the language I speak, and my religion. If you know me then you know that I love food. Of
course I eat seafood because I mean most people from Louisiana do. It's easy to get seafood because
of all the bayous, rivers, lakes, ponds, and oceans. My family eats rice and gravy at least once a
week. We always have potatoes with our rice and gravy. I love to eat chicken with ketchup. When I
eat I get messy sometimes so I never really dress

Critically Evaluate the Value of Academic and Applied...
In the 21st Century, many problems face the people of today with academic and applied psychology
facing those problems. One of the main problems that people face today is the idea of Globalisation.
Globalisation is an ever growing process around the world, which has been an ever–lasting process
throughout time and into the 21st century. Globalisation is described as "a process of international
integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture"
(Al–Rodhan 2006). Throughout time, Golbalisation has impacted everyone, from the changing face
of work (Occupational Psychology) through the Industrial Revolution to the more current
Globalisation of hand held devices, such as mobile phones. ... Show more content on
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The idea of cultural imperialism is supported by Ritzer's notion of McDonaldisation, as it shows the
western ideal of fast food being posed upon countries all over the world, slowly injecting the ideals
of the west into eastern cultures. However, Globalisation cannot be seen in just a negative light, as
through Globalisation, the face of work has changed since the 19th century, and even before that
with the Industrial Revolution. As outlined above, Globalisation can be seen negatively as it may
force people of a culture to accept another ideal, but the idea of Globalisation has also impacted on
the world positively, for example changing the face of work. Through Occupational Psychology
(applied psychology), the work place has implemented changes that has slowly started in the West
and made its way around the world so that people get fair treatment in the work place.
Since the Industrial Revolution, the workplace has changed from materials being hand–made to
people now programming machines, lowering the risk and stress of the individual. From then, the
workplace has adapted further with machinery now being limited to factories for the building of
cars, and more office/computer based work now becoming the more prominent. This can be seen as
a positive view on Globalisation as it has reduced risks and stress (as outline before). A further
notion is that the workplace has now become more globalised, with

Narrative Is The Root Of Some Fields
Narrative is the root of some fields which includes education, rhetoric, literature, religion, law,
history: culture (Wilson, 1989). It can be seen as a tool to create traditions and symbols as means of
communication and it is a source to understand and strengthen the identity of the organisation
(Kroeze and Keulen, 2013). As a conceptual theme, narrative becomes a self–conscious system and
a reflexive field. In other words, the role of narrative in personal lives is to show how it can be
utilized effectively for reflexives practices. In light of this notion, personal reflexive capabilities are
a process of exposing or questioning our ways of doing. It is the method for individual through the
mirror that has ability to take responsibility for their stories and their exploration, and the role of fact
in lives. This essay will focus on how narratives may be reflexively used at different stages,
especially history: culture and education, as a tool to access the frameworks.
In a narrative, the movement from sign to sign has a recognizable social, cultural and historical
significance. Narrative is one of the main elements in history play (Wilson, 1989). It is the mode in
which our culture is transmitted, from fairly stories to political history. Barthes(1987) states that
narrative is international, transhistorical, transcultural and it is simply there like life itself. Narrative
creates the way we see our place in society and the way we perceive is as moulded around us,

My Graduate Career At Florida State University
On September 24, 2014, I attended the first multicultural event of my graduate career at Florida
State University. The Japanese Tea Ceremony was held in the Center for Global Engagement
Auditorium from 5–7pm on a Wednesday. Upon entering the auditorium, I was handed a program
detailing the ceremony format (Usu–cha Tana–temae). The program had three different types of
languages displayed: English, Hiragana/ Katakana and Kanji. Having no prior knowledge of what a
tea ceremony entails, I was excited to be a part of the experience. Prior to the formal ceremony
beginning, the auditorium was alive with quiet chattering amongst the 50 patrons in attendance. The
entire theater went quiet upon the dimming of the lights. The hostess, Mikiko Tanaka, entered the
stage with a silent gentleness I have never seen before. Her stature was proper and she was dressed
in authentic Japanese attire. Her formal guest, Genzo Tanaka was seated at a table on the left of the
stage. For the next 30 minutes I watched, in complete silence save for a few short dialogue
responses in Japanese between the hostess and guest, amazed at the grace and preciseness of the
ritual. That silence, grace and preciseness was the first step outside of my cultural comfort zone
during this experience. In American culture, rarely is anything quiet, delicate and precise. Observing
Mikiko's defined movements whilst folding her napkin, wiping the edges of the bowl, stirring the tea
and turning it the three required

Culture Jamming In Adbusters
Since its founding in 1989, culture jamming has been a popular communications technique for
Adbusters advocates. This user–generated protest method allows individuals to critique and
challenge the pervasive advertisements of massive corporations. Culture jamming is a way of
directly halting the flow of consumer messages and allowing audiences to stop and critically analyze
the capitalist messages and institutions around them. The concept is inspired by the Situationist
movement, an international organization of social revolutionaries which produced avante–garde art
critical of capitalist modes of production through the 1950s to the 1970s (Rasmussen, 36). Ground
in neo–Marxist thinking, The Situationist International looked particularly at the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
These images provide audiences with both a break from the flow of commercial media messages as
well as a new degree of consciousness regarding the physical and cultural implications of corporate
capitalism (Carducci, 126). They are a sort of cultural commentary utilized by Adbusters to help
audiences cleanse their "mental environments" of the seemingly never–ending flow of
advertisements we are constantly exposed to. These kinds of visual techniques are key to the
ideological goals of Adbusters; as part of the "Media Carta" campaign, the organization seeks to
take back the public space of broadcasting and make mass communicating a more democratic

The Importance Of Artistic Appropriation
When it comes to appropriation in artistic practices, I feel as though there are two defining lines or
codes of ethics that relate to the topic in a creative context and with a cultural context – artistic
appropriation, the topic of artistic freedom in practices that reference or borrow existing elements of
other work, and cultural appropriation, the issue which spans between being 'inspired' by other
cultural groups to potential exploitation, a lack of representation to a caricaturistic type of racism.
The two types of appropriation are complex, controversial, and often come together to form two
sides of the same argument – do we have the right to borrow and if so, from whom and how?
For artistic appropriation, I believe it's okay to appropriate or take elements from other work as long
as one edits the content both physically and contextually and as long as one cites their original
sources.
For cultural appropriation: I generally believe minority voices should tell their own stories but
regardless, one should do their research and appropriate in a way that is authentic, accurate, and
doesn't project stereotypes or other harmful and derogatory content.
By Evelyn McDonnell's definition in, "Never Mind the Bollocks: Shepard Fairey's Fight for
Appropriation, Fair Use, and Free Culture," appropriation is "a cultural form of explicitly borrowing
from another as a means of commenting and paying tribute," (180) – the intentional act of taking to
create or generate new meaning.

Cultural Diversty within Healthcare
Going to a different country or area of the world can open up anybody's eyes to see that culture
makes a huge impact on the understanding and practices of healthcare that seem to be so common to
other areas of the world. When a person lives in one country their whole life, that person may not
realize how different the life they live is from someone in a foreign country. If a person is going to
receive treatment from someone with a different cultural background, they should be expected to get
treatment to respects their own culture. Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences
having such a diverse variety of students has their own cultural competency definition that states
"effectively and comfortably communicate across cultures ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
It appears as the fact they would buy bulk of starches rather than healthier options that contain
essential vitamins is because that is the typical day to day foods is all they known for the fact that is
what they've become accustomed to. Those feeding practices are what lead to the prevalence of
malnourishment spread throughout the entire country of Mali rather than poverty which is what
Katherine was trying to confirm and on page 53 Katherine states "I wanted them to confirm that it
was merely (ha! Merely!) the reality of poverty that kept their kids from rowing as they should" (
quotes)
Culture can have a major impact on medical practices and health as a whole. Malian beliefs make it
so it is required for a female to become circumcised. If a person would be asked why the female
circumcisions were performed they would simple just explain that '"It our tradition. We all do this"'
showing that it has just become part of their culture and everyone just goes along with it because it
is what they have always known as being appropriate. (27)While Katherine is talking to one of the
residents of the country she even says that a man would not marry a woman if the circumcision was
not performed. Later in Dettwyler's research time while with her friend Moussa, he begins to
complain about not feeling well and has a headache. Right away Dettwyler begins to go through all

A Brief Note On The Country Of Nepal
A Landlocked nation in southern Asia, with a terrain variation from 6,000 meters altitude down to
sea level, has a unique economic structure. The long narrow country is separated into seventy five
districts, each being controlled by a chief officer. Agriculture varies because of the difference in
terrains and industry being limited. Most of the trade occurs with bordering country, India. Lifestyle
in many cities in Nepal is not as modernized as surrounding countries in Asia. It does have features
that make it a great place for tourism. Nepal is the birth place of Gautama Buddha, therefor many
Buddhist come to see the temple in where he once lived. Not only are Buddhist temples scattered
across the nation but many Hindu temples as well. For people not of these religions, a feature of
Nepal is the Highest Mountain in the world, Mount Everest. The capital, Kathmandu, is a beautiful
sight to see. This city is surrounded by mountains and the architecture is a delightful mixture of
India and China. With the various cultures and difference in lifestyle that Americans are used to,
Nepal would be a great place to take a vacation if venturing around the world is on your bucket list
In 1768 Prithvi Narayan Shah Established Nepal as Kingdom. While trying to further expand the
kingdom into the east the Sino–Nepalese War started. During the period of time from 1814–1816
Nepal and Britain disputed over India borders. In 1923 Britain declared Nepal as an independent
Nation while it

Intercultural Abilities Nurses Should Have
There is an increasing number of diverse cultures within the health care system. Therefore, nurses in
general, or any healthcare professionals not only need to know how to care of patients from their
culture, but they also must be able to care of patients from other cultures with different health
beliefs, values, and practices. Cultural views of individuals influence their perceptions and decisions
of health attitudes and health cares; in order to care for people across different languages and
cultures, nurses need to develop cultural sensitivity, awareness, competence, and humility (Creasia
& Parker, 2007). Among these, cultural competent and humility are the foundation to provide
optimal quality care within diverse groups of people. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Examples of How I will Use this Information in My Practice As a healthcare professional, I
acknowledge the key role that culture plays to influence behavior in patients. Therefore, I haven't let
any cultural barrier limit my ability to meet the needs of my patients or reduce their opportunities to
benefit from services that I can provide. Language difference is a challenge to both paitiens and
nurses in communicating about health beliefs, values, descriptions of symptoms (Polan & Taylor,
2011). Therefore, patiens can become frustrated, or are unable to comply with treatment if they do
not understand. In addition, patients were more likely to ask more questions and will have better
understanding with nurses who also speak the same language as theirs (Polan & Taylor, 2011). In
order to enhance my communication with non–English speaking patients, I usually use language line
service or interpreters. All written translators such as consent forms, patient educations and
instructions are printed in languages appropriate with the patient's if they are available. For example,
when ill or injured, Hispanic people frequently consult with other family members and often ask
them to come along to medical or hospital visits. Hispanic families are more likely to be involved in
the treatment and decision–making process. Patients may not the

The Impact Of Environmental Degradation On Western North...
Environmental degradation has become a social and cultural norm both within and supported by
Westernized North American life, and the average Canadian and American citizen will likely suffer
an estrangement from our natural world. This separation, backed by centuries of social
constructions, has done much more than alienate us from our original physicality: it has enforced a
culturally justified set of values rationalizing and permitting the devastation of wilderness. A cultural
mindset extending centuries into the past is difficult for the individual to identify and even more
challenging for a society to overcome; however, another culture exists, namely that of the North
American indigenous peoples, who have developed and experienced, through a history of living at
peace with the land, what is known as traditional knowledge. This unique relationship to the land
encompasses a truth that colonial and subsequent Western rule both overlooked and stigmatized in
the face of economic and social "progress". While Western North American culture is beginning to
acknowledge and explore the worldview and methods accrued through traditional knowledge and
employ consultation with the indigenous peoples as a vehicle of sustainability, serious damage has
already been committed and could have been lessened had our past entailed an adoption of
Aboriginal worldviews. The benefits of traditional knowledge can particularly be seen through
analysis of Aboriginal relationships to forestry, which

Barrio Boy by Ernesto Galarza and A Place to Stand by...
Barrio Boy by Ernesto Galarza and A Place to Stand by Jimmy Santiago Baca are inspired to write
an autobiography. Both of these writers defend, reclaim, identify and interpret the meanings of
indigenous cultures, and memory. Galarza and Baca grew up in different environments and had
different motivations to get their life down on paper for readers to know their life story.
Ernesto Galarza was born in Mexico. He decides he wants to tell the story of his journey from a
small village in Mexico, to a barrio, a neighborhood, in Sacramento, California. He focuses his story
when he was a few years in Jalcocotán and what he did every day, to the decisions his family had to
make, and finishing his story with high school. Jimmy Santiago Baca was ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A piece that I found difficult to understand was The Erosion of Classic Norms by Renato Rosaldo.
In the article Rosaldo, discusses how the traditional culture is recognizable from its classic patterns
and how it becomes common among anthropologists in the 1900s (Valle, "Prospero in the 20th
Century"). "Culture lends significance to human experience by selecting from and organizing it"
(Rosaldo: 26). From this quote I am able to further understand how people define the term "culture."
We all grow up with one or multiple cultures, but we all form them into something different. In
Rosaldo's article, he has a sectioned called "Cultural Patterns and Cultural Borderlands," where he
uses dogs as an example to demonstrate how dogs are seen differently in cultures. "Because the
range of human possibilities is so great, one cannot predict cultural patterns from one case to the
next, except to say that they will not match" (Rosaldo: 26). Here Rosaldo is referring to two
completely different cultures, Anglo–Americans and the Ilongots, but the truth is that everyone has a
different culture that will not match completely as it is seen with Barrio Boy by Ernesto Galarza and
A Place to Stand by Jimmy Santiago Baca.
In Galarza's autobiography there are many instances, especially toward the beginning of his writing,
where he writes about the culture and

Transnationalism: The Study of Population Moves
"As a theoretical construct about immigrant life and identity, transnationalism aptly suits the study
of population movements in a world where improved modes of transport, as well as the images that
are transmitted by means of modern telecommunications have shortened the social distance between
sending and receiving countries." An immigrant's ability to adapt to a different nation has become an
easier task than it was before. Customs, practices, religions, political standings and cultures have
blended in many nations to create an almost global civilization where media and communication
through the internet are connecting people from across the world. Societies are no longer a closed
entity, causing migrants to emody a hybrid of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Customs, social, and political practices, as well as, cultural identities were exchanged between the
receiving and sending nations, the migrants and nonmigrants. This formed a hybrid community in
order accomodate the growing number of Miraflorenos immigrating to Boston. Peggy Levitt
describes it by saying that: "Strong ties between migrants and nonmigrants created a transnational
religious sphere within which people, resources, and social remittances were constantly exchanged."
(Levitt 1998: 74) This case is a perfect example of religious globalization, showing that there is a
constant exchange in beliefs, customs, practices, and information between sending and receiving
naitions through the immigrants and their social networks. Communities and religious organizations
adapt and change in order to accomodate and sustain the mixture of cultural heritages. In turn, those
changes influence both the migrants and nonmigrants involved, which then spread from the
recieving nation to the sending nation and vice–versa. In this specific case, Levitt states that:
"...immigrants communicate these adapted practices back to their homelands. they may then be
readapted and re–remitted to the U.S Religious organization and practice in both settings
continuously inform and transform one another as a result." (Levitt: 1998:76) These exchanges all
culminate in forming a large network of

Rejecting the Myth of Colorblindness in Education
Colorblindness is a defect in the perception of colors, caused by a deficiency in specialized cells in
the retina that are sensitive to different colors. The term is often used today during political
discourse, often by members of some factions of liberalism, when claiming that one's race should be
irrelevant to any decision making process. It is a form of moral posturing; that one should see an
individual as simply an individual, but not as part of any larger group or culture. As if this
philosophy will enable us to bridge any gaps between races, this thought attempts to focus on how
we are all the same, rather than how we differ. Teachers and administrators are required to complete
coursework pertaining to multicultural education ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, Christina Judith Hein, in Color–Blindness vs. Race Matters claims that a common goal
cannot be that every individual is treated the same, regardless of their race, gender, or age, but
rather, these differences require different responses within the social framework with certain norms
and values. Reactions to an individual must be specific to that individual's needs. In the collateral–
collectivist cultures (African–American, Hispanic and Asian), emphasis is placed on the family,
above all else. This means that in these cultures, even education is second to the needs of a family.
When teaching children from these cultures, it is important not be ethnocentric, but rather
understand the structure of their cultures. As teachers, we cannot be colorblind; for it is a disservice
to those we teach.
Hatred, abuse, social injustice, and general dislike of an individual or group will never be controlled
or extinguished through any means of education or political mandate. These terrible practices are
part of the human frailty of life, and can be found among every ethnicity and culture. While it
should never be condoned, it cannot be eradicated. In The Multicultural Cult, Thomas Sowell argues
that cultural differences matter and always have. He claims that the "multicultural cult" is one that
believes it can improve the education and economic status of a group simply by immersing them in
another's culture. Trying to equate colorblindness with

The Globalization of Culture: Cultural Homogenization
Cultural individuality and distinctiveness is the pride of every nation. All communities rejoice in the
richness and exoticness of their own cultural symbols, be it dressing, architecture, language or way–
of–life. With the dawn of globalization, however, cultural variety and distinguishing characteristics
are vanishing; giving rise to a monoculture common to all. While this may be a harbinger of unity
and relatedness among all people of the world, it also damages the unique cultural identities they
once took pride in. This paper discusses the effects of globalization on culture, along with its
positive and negative effects. Since the effects of globalization on culture are non–exhaustive, it is
attempted to incorporate a few of the most ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even now, most nations have adopted westernization as a means of remaining on the global circuit.
As Suzuki points out in his study on Japan and China, Japan has tried to conform to the so called
"standard of civilization" so that it can be accepted in the western international society, whereas
China has only selectively adopted some western elements to gain strength for the protection of its
own culture against western impact (as cited in Buzan, 2010, p. 8).
B. Syncretist Model
In contrast to the one–way cultural exchange proposed by the Vanguardist model, the Syncretist
model holds that cultural exchanges occur among all civilizations, because of which, cultures not
only evolve internally, but also as a result of "encounters" with other cultures (Buzan, 2010, p. 10).
For instance, Islam spread from the Middle East to Asia and Africa and Buddhism spread from India
to East Asia. Moreover, as implied by Hobson, Europe imbibed the "technologies and commercial
innovations" from China, Arabia and India, referred to as "oriental globalization" by Hobson (as
cited in Buzan, 2010, p. 13).
III. Effects of Globalization on Culture
As is evident from the preceding discussion, globalization has greatly affected the culture of all
nations worldwide. Some of these are discussed below:
A. Effect on Habits
Globalization has affected people's habits in a multitude of ways. Be it eating, networking or
entertainment. The same snacks and junk food are shared

Female Genital Mutilation: Children of the United Kingdom
Eric K. Silverman writes that the practice of FGM challenges ideas of inter alia cultural relativism
and universalism. Those who protect the practice of FGM argue that if the West imposes their views
on people of other cultures, this is a form of new colonialism, and those who try to eliminate the
practice see their actions as the protection of human rights, he argues. Indeed, there are a plethora of
cultures in the world, and many of these cultures have been suppressed in times of colonialism. No
one can justify that their culture is 'higher' or better than someone else's so that it gives them the
power to change another's culture; all people within a culture follow their perceptions of a 'good'
life, and since there is no consensus ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This shows that if women are educated and are thus more aware of their rights, the practice of FGM
is likely to decline. This implies that females who are not aware of their rights as human beings, and
are suppressed, will be less likely to stand up against practices that enforce inequality. But this does
not mean that these women truly support FGM and other practices that discriminate and suppress
women. In order to find out whether women agree with these practices, equality of the sexes should
be promoted in the form of education, so that their responses reflect their true thoughts that are not
influenced by persistent discrimination.
The Rights of the Child and Culture
In article 21.1 of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, it is stated that:
"States Parties to the present Charter shall take all appropriate measures to eliminate harmful social
and cultural practices affecting the welfare, dignity, normal growth and development of the child
and in particular: (a) those customs and practices prejudicial to the health or life of the child; and (b)
those customs and practices discriminatory to the child on the grounds of sex or other status.
This law reflects the universal thought that cultural practices, or traditions cannot be used as an
excuse to harm children physically in such a way that a 'normal development' will be impossible and
that it is unjust to discriminate on the basis of gender.

Integrating Cultural Competence To Nursing Methods

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