STUDY ON ZEOLITE CONCRETE TO REDUCE THE ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DI-OXIDE

1. Study On Process And Optimization of Bio-Gas Through
Processing Food Waste In Anaerobic Digester
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Final submission
Chaitanya Bharathi Institute Of Technology(A)
Affiliated to Osmania University
Gandipet, Hyderabad,Telangana-500075
PRESENTED BY
KIRANMAI-160117802005
HANUSHA-160117802004

2. Contents
TO PIC O UTLIN E
1.Introduction
2.Zeolite
3.Properties of Concrete incorporated with Zeolite
4.Applications
5.Advantages and Limitations
6.Conclusion
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3. Introduction
• According to the IPCC report carbondioxide concentration in
the atmosphere has increased from 0.03% to 0.04% since
1800's
• Concrete is second consumed substance on the earth after the water
• During the manufacture of concrete, sand aggregrates and water
along with cement is added which releases nearly 0.73 to 0.99 tons of
carbondioxide for 1 ton of cement
• Many of the concrete production industries are focussing on
the supplementary cementious materials (SCM's) to reduce
carbon emission
• Incorporating concrete with zeolite powder absorbs carbondioxide
without decreasing the strength of concrete,and increases mechanical
properties.
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4. The leading climate scientists from the world warn that we have about five years to avoid the dangerous climate change
that would be generated if average global temperatures increase by more than 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
• The globe has warmed by nearly 0.8°C over pre-industrial levels. Global temperatures will increase by another
0.5°C as the Earth continues to react to the emissions that we have already emitted in the atmosphere, much of
which lingers there for a century or more.
• Green house effect , Increased water temperatures , Increased acidification as oceans absorb some of the
additional carbondioxide placed in the atmosphere.
• Changes have been absorbed in the breeding and migratory parts of birds, fish and animals .
Why should we reduce carbondioxide emission?
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5. By heating limestone
• According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency website, carbon dioxide continues to be the biggest
greenhouse gas that is emitted from the use of fossil fuels and “from direct human-induced impacts on forestry and
other land use, such as through deforestation , land clearing ,agriculutre and degradation of soils.”
• NASA noted that industrial activities as raised atmospheric carbondioxide levels from 280 parts per million to 400
parts per million in the last 150 years.
• A single cement industry accounts for around 5% of global carbondioxide emission. It is a primary ingredient in the
concrete production . concrete is used globally to construct buildings, bridges, roads ,dams.
Cement is produced by two ways
By burning fossil fuels
Both of the processes release the carbondioxide to an extent of 40-50%
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6. zeolite
• Zeolites are volcano polozzones available as sedimentary rocks near volcanos or water
bodies.
• They crystalline over years ranging from thousands to million years in post depositional
environment.
• They are characterized by their honeycomb structures with extremely small pores and
channels upto 3*10^4.
• These are alumino silicates of alkaline and alkaline earth metals.
• Nearly there are 50 types and 150 above types are used in the industry.
The structure and formula of zeolite are shown below
M2/nO.Al2O3.xSiO2.yH2O. where 'M' can be any one of the metals,including sodium ,
lithium,potassium,magnesium,calcium.
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7. Because of their abundance and porous sturcture they can be used as admixtures in concrete and mortars.
Research has been going on effect and changes in properties of concrete after replacing
various concentrations of cement ranging from 5%,10%,20%,25% to nearly 40% by zeolites.
zeolite in concrete and mortar decrease the permeability and impedes harmful reactions
like alkali-silica and alkali-carbonate reactions which cause cracking of concrete
•concrete blocks with zeolite are capable of absorbing carbondioxide significantly greater when compared to normal concrete
absorbing nearly 60% of carbondioxide released from manufacturing process.
Structure of zeolite
Zeolite concrete:
Zeolite concrete structure
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8. Properties of concrete incorporated with zeolite
C om pressive strength
C arbondioxide absorption
Sulphate resistance
C hloride perm eability
Expansion resistance
Setting tim e
Fineness
F lexular strength
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9. C
O
M
P
R
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S
S
I
V
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S
T
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N
G
T
H
The experiments have shown that compressive strength of concrete increases with increase in zeolite
concentration.In the many research works,initial compressive strength of concrete with zeolite was almost
comparable with that of concrete with ordinary portland cement,but there is significant increase in value at the
28 th day.
So, there is optimal concentration of zeolite that can be added to determine the compressive strength and this
was found to be 10-20%
Syed Eashan Adil et al. conducted experiment where
maximum compressive strength was found for 20% zeolite.
In the same way,various research conducted by Jegan
Mohan et al. proved that compressive strength increases
concentration.However
with increase in
Y.N.Chan showed
Sammy
zeolite
concentration to
zeolite
that
40%
further increase in the
resulted in decrease in the
compressive strength.
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10. CA
R
B
O
N
D
I
O
X
I
D
E
A
B
S
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PT
I
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N
The main advantage of zeolite concrete is it absorbs carbondioxide from the atmosphere and reduces the
carbondioxide emission during manufacturing process of concrete.concrete generally has the ability to absorb
carbondioxide, but this process takes place very slowly.The carbondioxide absorption capacity of concrete is
increased by approximately by 30% when mixed with the zeolite.The amount of carbondioxide absorbed is
directly proportional to the amount of zeolite added and also depends on environmental conditions in which the
concrete is kept.
In an experiment ,concrete with zeolite bottle of size
10cm in diameter and 12cm in height was found to
absorb 1-14 gm of carbondioxide in 5 days
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11. C
H
L
O
R
I
D
E
P
E
R
M
EA
B
I
L
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TY
chloride permeability has proven to be dangerous for concrete as it degrades the quality of concrete.whenever
concrete is exposed to environment containing chloride ions, diffusion of chlorine takes place due to
difference in concentration in two ways.
1. Ions diffuse and bond to the pores
2. Ions diffuse as free atoms.
when the concentration of chloride ions is high enough, corrosion of steel takes place.
zeolite decrease the permeability by changing the pore structure and hence improves the resistance to
chloride ions.
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12. EX PA N SIO N R ESISTA N C E:
S ETTIN G TIM E:
When concrete is subjected to temperatures below 0 celsius,there is a possibility for water in pores to freeze
thus volume increase causing cracks.These cracks decrease the adhesion strength of the cement paste.Zeolite in
concrete create aerated pores which increases the freeze thaw resistance.
Zeolites increases the settling time of concrete.At higher temperatures gypsm loses water molecules but
zeolites retain water below 90 degree celsius,regulating the reaction between alumino silicates and calcium
hydroxide
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13. FIN EN ESS:
EX PAN SIO N R ESISTAN C E:
Flexular strength is the maximum bending, a material can withstand.In the experiment conducted by Pouria
Mohsen Zadeh et al. showed that flexular strength is increased by 17.58% by replacing 10% cement with
zeolite.In the study of properties of concrete with zeolite of concentrations 10%,20%,30%
Lakshmi G Das et al noticed that flexular strength of concrete with maximum 25%zeolite enhances durability
and lifetime.
The fineness of cement has an important bearing on the rate of hydration and hence on the rate of gain of
strength and also on the rate of evolution of heat.
Finer cement offers a greater surface area for hydration and hence fast development of strength.
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14. Applications:
In construction of
water/oil tanks
Under ways Construction of buildings
dams
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15. A D V A N T A G E S
E c o frie n d ly
C o n c re te w ith z e o lite is used
a s c a rb o n d io x id e sin k
E n h a n c e s m e c h a n ic a l and
su rfa c e h a rd n e ss
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16. y
LIM ITATIONS
•In c re a se in z e o lite c o n c e n tra tio n r e s u l t s i n d e c r e a s e o f s l u m p v a lu e d u e to t h
e c u b ic a l a n d ro u g h sh a p e .
•W o rk a b ility of c o n c re te is m e a su re d by co n d u c tin g slu m p c o n e t e s t . A s
z e olite c o n c e n tra tio n is in c r e a s e d,s lu m p v a lu e is d e c r e a s e d by d e c r e a s in g th e
w ork a b ility o f c o n c re te .
•E x p e n siv e
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17. C O N C LU SIO N :
It is estimated that there will be increase in the cement consumption by 23% in coming 30 years.
Hence it is neccesary to look for alternate ways of using cement to reduce carbondioxide
emission from cement. one of the effective way is replacing the cement and aggregates in concrete
by natural zeolite . This zeolite increases the strength , mechanical properties of concrete and also
improves the surface hardness , flexural strength , resistance to sulphates and chlorides . Concrete
incorporated with zeolite has the capability to absorb carbondioxide from atmosphere making it
ecofriendly
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18. References:
1. Barker, D. D., & Whitney, M. G. (1992),Reinforced concrete structures,In EXPLOSIVES SAFETY SEMINAR VOLUME IV (p. 299)
2. Er.K.Jegan Mohan et al. (2016),Partial replacement of zeolite with cement,Vellore, Tamilnadu
3. Gangurde Sandeep Tet al. (2018),Co2 absorbing concrete roads,Nashik
4. Juan Carlos de la Cruz, Jose María del Campo, and David Colorado. (2014), A Much Better Concrete with Zeolite Additions State of the Art
Review. London
5. Lakshmi G Das et al .(2017),Eco friendly concrete by partial replacement of cement by zeolite, Kothamangalam,Kerala.
6. (2018),Mechanical and durability properties of concrete containing zeolite mixed with meta‐kaolin and micro‐nano bubbles of water.
7. Pradeep Jadhav et al. (2014),Co2 absorbing concrete block, Baramatia,India
8. Scientific American. (2018), Cement Producers Are Developing a Plan to Reduce CO2 Emissions,Retreived from :
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/cement-producers-are-developing-a-plan-to-reduce-co2-emissions/
9. Syed Eashan Adil et al. (2017),Study on Co2 absorbing concrete,Bhongir .
10. T.Subramani, J.Karthickrajan. (2016),Experimental Study On Absorption Of CO2 By M30 Concrete As A Partial Replacement Of Cement By
25% Of Zeolite, Salem,Tamil Nadu
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19. End
Any queries?
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