Presentation covers the different types of nutritional status in individuals; undernutrition, malnutrition, and over nutrition. Also discusses different causes of those types.

1. Nutritional Status Types
By Kimmer Collison-Ris
MSN, FNP-C, WOCN
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2. Nutrition science is scientific
knowledge that defines nutrient
requirements for body
maintenance, growth, activity,
and reproduction
Dietary assessment provides
useful support data for
biochemical assays of nutritional
status, and it has the additional
advantage of being easy to
conduct among large groups of
people in a non-traumatic
fashion.

3. Referred to as the nutritional health of an
individual
Influenced by one’s living situation, available
food supply, food choices, and state of health or
disease

4. optimal nutrition
marginal nutrition
malnutrition
over-nutrition

5. Marginal vitamin deficiency
is a middle ground between
adequate nutritional status
and the point at which frank
deficiency disease
symptoms develop.
Vitamin deficiency is not
something that occurs
abruptly or acutely
Retrieved from
orthomolecular.org/library
/jom/1984/pdf/1984-
v13n01-p027.pdf · PDF file

6. Dietary records including food
and supplements
Biochemical measurements such
as blood nutrient levels, which
can help identify specific
deficiencies
Anthropometric measurements
such as body weight for height,
which provide an estimate of
body fat and muscle mass
Clinical measurements looking at
skin, hair, eyes, etc.

7. When nutrient intake is not
sufficient to meet day-to-day
needs and nutrient reserves are
depleted
Energy needs may be met, but
micronutrients likely are lacking
Excessive energy intake and low
physical activity will, over time,
result in unwanted weight gain
and over-nutrition
Also occurs with excessive
intakes of micronutrients

9. Eating is influenced by:
Ethnic background
Cultural or religious beliefs
Family habits
Socioeconomic status
Health status
geographic location
Personal likes and dislikes

10. Various forms ranging from marginal
nutritional status to the famine
victim w/kwashiorkor or marasmus
Undernutrition
defined as the outcome of
insufficient food intake and
repeated infectious diseases.
Includes
being underweight for one’s age,
too short for one’s age (stunted),
dangerously thin
deficient in vitamins & minerals
(micronutrient malnutrition).

11. Malnutrition refers to both
undernutrition and overnutrition.
Malnutrition -broad term used as
an alternative to undernutrition
also refers to overnutrition.
Persons are malnourished if:
their diet is inadequate in calories
and protein for growth &
maintenance
If they’re unable to fully utilize food
consumed reillness
(undernutrition).
also malnourished if they consume
too many calories (overnutrition).

12. Definition: Person is not
deficient but lacks the
nutrient reserves to cope
with any added physiologic
or metabolic demand arising
from injury or illness, the
need to sustain a healthy
pregnancy, or a childhood
growth spurt

13. Causes:
poor eating habits,
stressed
environments,
or insufficient
resources to obtain
appropriate types or
amounts of food

14. "Optimum Nutrition" can be defined as
eating the right amounts of nutrients on a
proper schedule to achieve the best
performance and the longest possible
lifetime in good health
An elusive goal because
demands of the body change from minute-to-
minute based on physical activity
medical science does not yet have a definitive
set of comprehensive nutritional requirements
for every human genetic variation.
Reduced calorie diets have been shown to
extend the lifetime of mice and many other
species.
Optimum Nutrition, re: longevity, is believed
to require a reduction of calories from what
would normally be consumed.

16. Schlenker, E and Roth, S. Williams Essentials of Nutrition and
Diet Therapy. Elsevier Mosby: St. Louis, 2011.
http://orthomolecular.org/library/jom/1984/pdf/1984-v13n01-
p027.pdf · PDF file
http://www.unicef.org/progressforchildren/2006n4/index_unde
rnutrition.html
http://www.scientificpsychic.com/health/optimum-
nutrition.html