2. INTRODUCTION
UPLC means Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
UPLC is a chromatographic technique, in which it can separate a mixture of
compounds and is used in biochemistry and analytical chemistry to identify, quality,
purity in the individual components of a mixture utilizing a small packaging particle
and columns with high pack pressure.
4. Advancements in various areas
Nutrition
Drug Discovery
Toxicology
Natural product discovery
Cancer
5. Advantages
Operation cost is reduced
Less solvent consumption
Run time and increase sensitivity
Maintains resolution performance
Disadvantages
High price of instruments, spare parts and
columns
Number of stationary phases still limited
Lack of variety in commercial columns
6. Principle of uplc
The UPLC is based on the principle of use of stationary phase consisting of particles less than 2 μm (while
HPLC columns are typically filled with particles of 3 to 5 μm). The underlying principles of this evolution are
governed by the van Deemter equation, which is an empirical formula that describes the relationship between
linear velocity (flow rate) and plate height (HETP or column efficiency).
Where
A ,B,C are constants
V - linear velocity
A - Eddy mixing
B - Axial diffusion
H=A+B/v+CV
8. Various parts present in Uplc instrument are
Columns
Column heater
Sample manager
Binary solvent manager
Pumps
Optional Sample organizer
9. Binary solvent manager
The binary solvent manager uses two individual serial flow pumps to deliver a parallel binary
gradient.
The binary solvent manager is a high pressure pump that moves solvent through the system.
The binary solvent manager delivers solvent at flow rates of 1 ml/min at 103421 Kрa [ 1034 bar,
1500 psi] and up to 2ml/min at reduced pressures to 62053 Kpa [621 bar, 9000 psF] . The solvent
manager can pump two solvents immediately.
Sample manager:
The Acuity sample manager injects the sample it draws from Micro titer plates or vials in to the
chromatographic flow stream.
A locating mechanism uses a probe to access sample locations and draw sample from them.
The Sample manager can perform an injection in approximately 15 seconds. The sample manager
also controls the column heater. Column temperatures up to 65°С can be attained.
10. Column heater:
The column heater is of a modular design and its foot print is identical to that of the sample manager.
Thus it attaches to the top of the sample manager and serves as the instrument’s top cover.
Columns:
The UPLC columns are made up of small particles having size less than 2 μm. The role played by small
particle size in UPLC technique has been mentioned above. The particles are bonded in matrix as the
bonded stationary phase is required for providing both retention and selectivity.
11. Micro bore column Optional sample organizer
The optional sample organizer stores micro
miter or vial plates
It transfers them to and from the sample
manages, automating their processing and
increasing throughput
Optional sample organizer holds the sample
12. Pumps:
The UPLC pump is considered to be one of the most important components in a liquid chromatography
system which has to provide a continuous constant flow of the eluent through the UPLC injector,
column, and detector.
The two basic classifications are
Constant pressure pump
Constant flow pump
Standard UPLC pump requirements :
Sample injection volume is as less as 3-5 micro liters
Pumps operates at 10000 psi pressure
Particle size in stationary phase packing material is less than
2 micro meter
15. Applications of Uplc
Rapid analysis of products
Bio equivalence studies
Dissolution testing
Impurity profiling
Identification of metabolites
High through put qualitative analysis
Drug discovery
Analysis of dosage form
Study of metabolomics
Forced degradation studies
In finger print analysis
ADME screening
Determination of pesticides
Analysis of amino acids
In QA control
16. References
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2. Wu N Lippert J.A. and Lee M.L., J. Chromatogram. 911(1) (2001).
3. Unger K. K., Kumar D. , Grun M., Buchel G., Ludtke S., AdamTh., Scumacher K., and Renker S., J. Chromatogram., A
892(47)(2000).
4. Swartz M. E. and Murphy B., Lab Plus Int., 18(6) (2004).
5. Swartz M. E. and Murphy B., Pharm. Formulation Quality 6(5), p. 40 (2004)
6. Gerber F. , Krummen M., Potgeter H., Roth A. , Siffrin C., and Spoendlin C., J. Chromatogr., A1036, 127-133 (2004).
7. Tanaka N. , Kobayashi H., Nakanishi K., Minakuchi H., and Ishizuka N., Anal. Chem. 73, 420A–429A (2001).
8. Wu N. , Dempsey J. , Yehl P.M., Dovletoglu A., Ellison A., and Wyvratt J., Anal. Chim. Acta 523, 149–15 -6 (2004).
9. Preeti vinod gaikwad, Ultra performance liquid chromatography: A recent novel development in HPLC. Pharmacie globale
International journal of comprehensive pharmacy, 01, 2012, 1-3.
10. Swartz M., LCGC 23(1), 46–53 (2005).
