protein

2. Proteins
• Proteins are the doers of the cell and are made up of amino acids linked
• together
• 1. Proteins carry messages around the cell and let messages through the
• membrane
• 2. 40% of the protein in the body is collagen which is a protein that
• strengthens the connective tissue in our skin, bones, ligaments, and
• tendons
• 3. Hemoglobin is a protein that allows red blood cells to transport
• oxygen

3. There are two reasons to break down
proteins:
• 1. When you eat proteins (cheese, meat) it is broken down and
digested
• 2. When a protein is not functional, it is broken down and it's parts
• reused

4. Amino Acids:
• Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
• There are 20 different kinds of amino acids.
• They have the same basic structure except for the bottom
(represented
• by and "R").
• Amino acids have shorter names that are three letters of the whole
name: ASP and GLU
• Ex: ASP--> aspartate, GLU--> glutamic

5. Dehydration Synthesis Applied to Amino Acids

7. Physical vs Chemical Digestion
• Chemical digestion uses digestive
enzymes
• to breakdown large food molecules into
smaller
• ones so they can be absorbed into the
blood.
• The products of chemical digestion are
• absorbed into the body in the small
intestine:
• -sugars and amino acids pass into the
• bloodstream by diffusion
• -fatty acids and glycerol pass into the
lymph
• Physical digestion breaks food into
smaller
• pieces by:
• -chewing in the mouth
• -squeezing in the stomach This is done so
that:
• -food can pass more easily through the
• digestive system
• -a larger surface area is provided for
enzymes
• to work on

8. Scientific Method
• 1. Collect information and make observations
• 2. Form hypothesis
• 3. Conduct an experiment to test your hypothesis
• 4. Retest and come to a conclusion
• 5. Identify a law or theory/draw a conclusion

9. 5 Characteristics of Living Things
• 1. Reproduce
• 2. Respond to the Environment
• 3. Be Made of Cells
• 4. Grow and Develop
• 5. Obtain and Use Energy

10. Vocabulary
• Asexual Reproduction: Reproduction
where offspring come from a single
parent that is identical to the parent.
• Sexual Reproduction: Reproduction
where two parents each donate one cell
to create offspring (fertilization).
• Environment: The conditions around an
organism (land, air, water, other
organisms, etc.)
• Stimulus: A change in the environment
that causes an organism to respond.
• Homeostasis: An organism's ability to
keep it's internal conditions stable for life
(being warm blooded).
• Unicellular Organisms: Organisms with
one cell.
• Multicellular Organisms: Organisms with
more than one cell.
• Metabolism: The act of obtaining and
using energy
• Control Group: The group in an
experiment that does not receive any
treatment and is used to measure how
the other tested subjects did.
• Quantitative Data: Data that contains
numbers.
• Qualitative Data: Data that does not
contain numbers.