Glass is produced by fusing silica, lime, and potash or soda at over 10000C. Other ingredients like iron oxide, lead oxide, and borax are added to modify properties like hardness, brittleness, and color. Soluble glass is prepared by melting silica and sodium sulfate or potassium carbonate and is used to make cement resistant to acids. Glass has properties like a shiny appearance, resistance to temperature changes except in some cases, fire retardancy, heat insulation, light transmission, and availability in varieties that allow vision while providing privacy. Common uses of glass include building construction, decoration, sound insulation, cut glass work, electric bulbs, laboratory equipment, cooking utensils, partition walls, cabinets

2. ENGINEER LATIF HYDER WADHO
Mehran University of Engg: & Technology Khairpur
Civil Engineering Materials
1st Term 1st Year B.E.Civil

4. Glass is obtained by fusion of silica, chalk
(lime) and potash or soda at over 10000C.In
order to modify its properties of hardness,
brittleness and colour ,other ingredients like
iron oxide, lead oxide,borax,etc are added in
varying proportions.
Functions of various important constituents of
glass are given below.

23. (11) Soluble Glass:
It is that type of glass which is
soluble in water. It may be kept in the
form of small chips or pieces or in
liquid glass. It is prepared by melting
a mixture of silica and sodium
sulphate or potassium carbonate.
The soluble glass is used for mixing
with cement to make it resistant to
the acids.

24. PROPERTIES (OR) CHARACTERISTICS OF
GLASS:
(1) It has highly shining appearance and takes good
polish.
(2) It is not affected by temperature except in some
exceptional cases.
(3) It is fire retardant.
(4) It provides heat insulation.
(5) It also ensures transmission of light.
(6) It is available in various varieties.
(7) It transmits light but also provide privacy by
obstructing vision.
(8) Glass blocks provide heat and sound proof
properties.

25. USES OF GLASS:
(1) Glass is extensively used in building construction
since long time for glazing doors and windows.
(2) It is also used for decoration.
(3) It is also used for sound insulation purposes.
(4) It is used for cut glass work, electric bulbs (lead
glass).
(5) It is used for manufacturing of laboratory
equipments and cooking utensils (Boro-silicate
glass).
(6) It is used for partition walls.
(7) It is used for cabinets, show cases, shop fronts.
(8) It is also used as fire retarder.

26. ANNOUNCEMENT
SESSIONAL TEST
Date : 13 April, 2012
Day : Friday
Time : During CEM Class