The process of mummification involved several steps: 1. The body was washed in wine and water from the Nile to clean it. The brain was removed through the nose and organs like the lungs and liver were removed via incision and preserved separately. 2. The body was covered in natron for 40 days to dehydrate it. It was then washed, anointed with oils and spices, and stuffed to maintain its shape. 3. Rituals were performed to restore the mummy's senses for the afterlife before placing it in the sarcophagus along with canopic jars and belongings for burial.

1. THE PROCESS OF
MUMMIFICATION

2. THE PROCESS OF MUMMIFICATION
1. They washed the body of the Pharaoh in the river Nile.
Or They washed it with wine and water from the river Nile.

3. THE PROCESS OF MUMMIFICATION
2. They removed the brain through the nostrils (nose) using
a hook. Then, they threw it away.

4. 3. They made an incision or cut on the side of the body and
removed the main organs (lungs, intestines, liver and
stomach). Then, they washed, dried out, perfumed and
wrapped them. Later, they put them in the canopic jars.
They left the heart in the body because it was the centre of
intelligence and feelings (emotions) and the man would
need it in the afterlife.
THE PROCESS OF MUMMIFICATION

5. THE PROCESS OF MUMMIFICATION
4. They body was covered with natron (salty substance) to
absorb the moisture (dry it out) for 40 days. All of the fluids
and rags from the embalming process would be saved and
buried along with the body.

6. THE PROCESS OF MUMMIFICATION
5. They removed the natron. Then, the washed the body with
water from the river Nile. Later, it was covered with oil to help the
skin stay elastic and spices to perfum it. After that, the corpse
(body) was stuffed with dry materials such as sawdust, leaves and
linen, so that it looked lifelike. Finally, the incision was closed and
the corpse was wrapped (in linen cloth). It lasted 15 days.

7. THE PROCESS OF MUMMIFICATION
6. They performed a ritual called “The Opening of the
Mouth”. Here, one priest, dressed as the God Anubis, held
the body and touched his mouth with an adze. They
believed that this ceremony would give back to the
mummy all of the senses which were lost at death.

8. THE PROCESS OF MUMMIFICATION
7. They put the mummy (Pharaoh) inside the sarcophagus
together with his belongings (jewellery, amulets, canopic
jars,…).

9. In the past, when the internal organs were removed from a
body, they were placed in hollow canopic jars. Over many years
the embalming practices changed and embalmers began
returning internal organs to bodies after the organs had been
dried in natron. However, solid wood or stone canopic jars were
still buried with the mummy to symbolically protect the internal
organs.
THE PROCESS OF MUMMIFICATION
CURIOSITIES:

10. THE PROCESS OF MUMMIFICATION
CURIOSITIES:
At the beginning, the mummies of the Pharaohs were placed inside
the sarcophagus in a pyramid.
After, they started to bury the Pharaohs in the Valley of the Kings,
under the ground, because the thieves (robbers) came into the
pyramids to steal the pharaohs’ belongings (amulets, jewellry,…).