The circulatory system carries blood and substances throughout the body using the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood into arteries which carry it away from the heart. Arteries branch into smaller blood vessels called capillaries which link to veins, carrying blood back towards the heart. Blood is made up of plasma, red blood cells to carry oxygen, white blood cells to fight disease, and platelets to help blood clot. Together, these components and the circulatory system transport oxygen, nutrients, wastes and more throughout the body.

1. S. MORRIS 2006

2.  The circulatory system carries blood and dissolved
substances to and from different places in the body.
 The Heart has the job of pumping these things around
the body.
 The Heart pumps blood and substances around the
body in tubes called blood vessels.
 The Heart and blood vessels together make up the
Circulatory System.
What is the circulatory system?

3. How does this system work?

4. lungs
head & arms
liver
digestive system
kidneys
legs
pulmonary artery
aorta
pulmonary vein
main vein
LeftRight
How does this system work?
Circulatory System

5. Lungs
Body cells
Our circulatory system is a double circulatory system.
This means it has two parts parts.
the right side of
the system
deals with
deoxygenated
blood.
the left side of
the system
deals with
oxygenated
blood.

6. The Heart These are
__________.
They carry
blood away from
the heart.
This is a
__________. It
brings blood from
the body, except
the lungs.
Coronary arteries,
the hearts own
blood supply
The heart has __________ chambers
2 atria
2 ventricles
now lets look inside the heart

7. The Heart
Left Ventricle
Left Atrium
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
valve
Vein from
Lungs
Artery to Head and BodyArtery to Lungs
Vein from Head
and Body
valve

8. How does the Heart work?
blood from the body enters by the
__________ ________ ________
blood from the lungs enters
through the
___________________
________________
The heart beat begins when
the heart muscles relax and
blood flows into the atria.
STEP ONE

9. The atria then contract and
the valves ________ to allow blood
into the ventricles.
How does the Heart work? STEP TWO

10. How does the Heart work?
The valves __________ to stop
blood from flowing
backwards.
The ___________ contract
forcing the blood to leave
the heart.
At the same time, the atria are
relaxing and once again filling
with blood.
The cycle then repeats itself.
STEP THREE

11. Blood from the heart gets around the body
through blood vessels:
There are 3 types of blood vessels
a. ___________
b. ____________
c. _____________
The components of the heart:

12. The ARTERY
thick muscle and
elastic fibres
Arteries carry blood
____________________________
the elastic fibres allow
the artery to stretch
under pressure
the thick muscle can
contract to push the
blood along.

13. The VEIN
Veins carry blood towards from the
_____________________________.
thin muscle and
elastic fibres
veins have ________
which act to stop the
blood from going in the
wrong direction.
body muscles surround the veins so
that when they contract to move
the body, they also squeeze the
veins and push the blood along the
vessel.

14. The CAPILLARY
Capillaries link ______________ with
_______________.
the wall of a capillary
is only one cell thick
they exchange
materials between the
blood and other body
cells.
Where do we know gases
exchange?
__________________
What system is that in?
____________________.

15. artery vein
capillaries
body cell
The CAPILLARY
A collection of capillaries is known as a
capillary bed.

16. Review work with a partner answer the
following questions:
1. Arteries carry blood where?
2. Veins carry blood where?
3. What connects veins and blood?
4. What is the first step in the heart
beating?
5. Explain the steps that make blood flow
through the heart (where blood starts and
where it goes to).

18. Word Bank:
Abdominal Aorta,
Aorta,
Aortic Valve,
Bicuspid (Mitral)
Valve,
Inferior Vena Cava,
Left Pulmonary
Artery,
Left Pulmonary Veins,
Left Atrium,
Left Ventricle,
Pulmonary Valve,
Right Pulmonary
Artery,
Right Pulmonary Veins,
Right Atrium,
Right Ventricle,
Superior Vena Cava,
Tricuspid Valve

19. 1. Why is the right side of the heart blue?
2. Why is the left side of the heart red?
3. Why does the right side have oxygen poor blood?
4. Why does the right side have oxygen rich blood?

20. Heart Activities:
1. Create Heart Foldable
2. Vocab Index Card Blood flow order activity
3. Red and Blue heart activity

21. what’s in
red blood cells white blood cells
platelets
plasma
carbon dioxide
digested food
waste (urea)
hormones
oxygen

22. The Blood
plasma
white blood cell
platelets

23. Red Blood Cells
JOB: contain hemoglobin,
a molecule specially
designed to hold
____________ and carry
it to cells that need it.
can change shape to an
amazing extent, without
breaking, as it squeezes
single file through the
capillaries.
a biconcave disc
that is round and
flat without a
nucleus

24. Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)
• Contains hemoglobin:
– An oxygen carrying
protein
– Turns the cell
__________ when
carrying Oxygen
– Cell is
_________when it
doesn’t carry O2
• Lacks a nucleus
• Life span of cell = 120
days

25. White Blood Cells
there are many different
types and all contain a
_________ _________.
the two main ones are the
___________________
and the macrophages.
some lymphocytes fight disease by making
antibodies to destroy invaders by dissolving them.
other lymphocytes make antitoxins to break down
poisons.
macrophages ‘eat’ and
digest micro-organisms .

26. Platelets
Platelets are bits of
cell broken off larger
cells.
Platelets job:
to produce
fibers that help
___________
_________.
(i.e: when you
get a cut!)

27. Plasma
A straw-
coloured
liquid
that
carries
the cells
and the
platelets
which
help
blood
clot.
• carbon dioxide
• glucose
• amino acids
• proteins
• minerals
• vitamins
• hormones
• waste materials
like urea.
It also contains
useful things like;

28. SUMMARY
copy and complete the following;
Arteries take blood ______ from the heart. The walls of an artery
are made up of thick _________ walls and elastic fibres. Veins
carry blood ________ the heart and also have valves. The
_________ link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall.
Blood is made up of four main things ______, the liquid part of the
blood; Red Blood Cells to carry ______; White Blood cells to protect
the body from disease and _________ to help blood clot.
away
platelets
towards
capillaries
plasma
oxygen
muscular

29. Identify the parts of the blood vessel:

30. Blood Components and facts
Graphic Organizer

31. Blood Types
• Four main types of blood:
______ _______ ________ ______
• Different proteins found on the RBC and
plasma determine the blood type.
• You can also be Negative or Positive

32. How do you know who can
donate to who?
• By the antigens and antibodies
located in the plasma and on the Red
blood cell.

33. Blood type ABBlood type BBlood type A
Antibodies in
the plasma
Blood type O
Antibodies in
the plasma
Antibodies in
the plasma
Antibodies in
the plasma
A Antigens B Antigens AB Antigens No Antigens

34. So what does all this mean?
1. When a certain blood type donates to
another blood type, the antibodies and
antigens can NOT aggulate (or clump
together)
2. If they clump together these two types
CAN NOT donate to each other!
3. The blood clumps and makes it difficult to
pass through the blood vessels forming
blood clots!

35. Blood Transfusions:
• The transfusion will work if a person who
is going to receive blood has a blood
group that doesn't have any antibodies
against the donor blood's antigens. But if a
person who is going to receive blood has
antibodies matching the donor blood's
antigens, the red blood cells in the
donated blood will clump

36. Blood Typing activity
• Lets try and see who can donate and
receive blood from whom.

37. Here is what happens:
• If Type B gives to Type A:
• Why did type A blood clump together?
Because Type B
has anti-A
antibodies and
they fit with
the antigens on
type A causing it
to clump!

38. Blood Mixing Lab
• With a partner work through the blood
typing lab.
Alleles &
Antibodies
O
anti-A
anti-B
A
anti-B
B
anti-A
AB
None
O None None None None
A Clump None Clump None
B Clump Clump None None
AB Clump Clump Clump None

39. Lets review Blood Types
With your partner answer the following questions:
1. Who can Type A donate to?
2. Can Type B donate to Type AB? Why?
3. Which Type is considered the Universal
Donor (Can donate to everyone)?
4. Which Type is considered the Universal
Recipient (Can receive from everyone)?

40. Blood Donators and Receivers?
Red blood
cell Antigens
Plasma
Antibodies
Blood Recipient
(Receiving the
blood)
Blood Donor
(Donating
blood)
TYPE
A
Blood
Antigen A
TYPE
B
Blood
Antigen B
TYPE
AB
Blood
Antigens A
and B
Type O
Blood
No Antigens
None
Type A
Type O
Type A
Type B
Type AB
Type O
Type B
Type O
Type O
Type A
Type AB
Type B
Type AB
Type AB
Type A
Type B
Type AB
Type O

41. Blood Diseases: Problems of RBC
Anemia
Low iron or
hemoglobin
Person feels tired,
weak & short of
breath
Cure: Add iron to diet

42. Sickle Cell Anemia
Genetic disease
RBC are sickle shaped
RBC can’t pass through capillaries well
Blood clots, lack of oxygen to cells.
Can be deadly

43. Blood Diseases: Problems with
White Blood cells:
• Normal White blood cells
help to _______
________________.
• When there is an injury or
invasion of bateria/virsus the
number of WBC’s
_____________ in that area.
• WBC’s numbers go back to
normal after fighting off the
infection.

44. WBC disease: Leukemia
• Blood cancer
• WBC count increases abnormally
• Usually increases to 73k or above
• #’s don’t decrease after time
• Leukemia WBC’s don’t fight infections
• Bone marrow is busy making “bad” WBC
instead of RBC, which leads to a lack of
oxygen

45. Blood Diseases: Problems of
Platelets
• Bruises
• Platelet number is low
• Blood clots can’t form
• Small black and blue
marks
• Genetic disease
• Platelets don’t
contain a chemical
that starts clotting
• Trouble clotting
blood when injured

46. Blood Vessels disease:
• Atherosclerosis
• Plaque builds up in the
arteries that supply O2
to the heart.
• Can cause a heart attack
because blood flow is blocked from
getting to the heart.
• Caused mainly by
___________.

47. Counting Blood cells to
determine disease packet/lab.

48. Monday 11/22/10 Review
Tuesday 11/23/10 TEST!!
• Review activities:
– Vocab card activity for heart blood flow. (the
order blood flows through the heart and the
structure of the heart)
– Draw the heart and label all of the
components on red and blue paper in a
group.
– Blood typing review with cut outs
– Respiratory review- Pictionary or Jeopardy??
– Draw a diagram showing how respiratory
works with Cardio