CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

1. BY
IBEKWE CHIGOZIE BLESSING

2.  The Circulatory System is responsible for
transporting materials throughout the entire
body.
 It transports nutrients, water, and oxygen to
your billions of body cells and carries away
wastes such as carbon dioxide that body cells
produce.
 It is an amazing highway that travels through
your entire body connecting all the body
cells

4.  Heart
 Blood
 Vessels
 Arteries
 Veins
 Capillaries

5.  Oxygen-rich blood
 Blood travelling to the
body cells.
 High oxygen content
 Oxygen poor blood
 Low carbon dioxide
content
 Blood travelling
away from the body
cells Low oxygen
content High
carbon dioxide
conten

6.  The inside of the heart is divided into two
sections so that the two types of blood
(oxygen-rich and oxygen poor) are kept
apart.
 Right side of the heart carries oxygen poor
blood.
 Left side of the heart carries oxygen rich
blood

7.  Heart coverings
 Pericardium : Covers the heart and large
blood vessels attached to the heart.
 Visceral pericardium : Innermost layer and
directly on the heart.
 Parietal pericardium: Layer on top of the
visceral pericardium

8. Epicardium
 Outermost layer
 Fat to cushion heart.
Myocardium
 Middle layer.
 Primarily cardiac muscle
Endocardium
 Innermost layer
 Thin and smooth
 Stretches as the heart pumps

9. The heart has Four chambers
 Two Atria
 Upper chambers
 Left and right Separated by interatrial
septum
 Two Ventricles
 Lower chambers
 Left and right
 Separated by interventricular septum

10.  The Atria collect blood that enters the heart,
 The ventricles pump blood out of the heart.

11.  The heart can pump blood because it is made
of muscle. Muscle tissue works by contracting
(squeezing) and relaxing.
 All the parts of the heart on either side,
work together in a repeated sequence.
 The two atria contract and relax; then the
two ventricles contract and relax.
 One complete sequence of contraction and
relaxation is called a heartbeat

12.  As blood moves through the circulatory
system it moves through 3 types of blood
vessels:
 Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart .
 Capillaries: Link arterioles to veins.
 Veins: Carry blood towards the heart

14.  Large vessels
 Carry blood from heart to tissues of body.
 Carry oxygen rich blood, with the exception
of pulmonary arteries.
 Thick walls-need to withstand pressure
produced when heart pushes blood into
them.

15.  Smallest blood vessels
 Walls are only one cell thick and very
narrow.
 Important for bringing nutrients and oxygen
to tissues and absorbing CO2 and other waste
products.

16.  Once blood has passed through the capillary
systems, it must be returned to the heart
thtough the veins.
 Walls contains connective tissue and smooth
muscle.
 Largest veins, contain one way valves that
keep blood flowing toward heart.
 Many found near skeletal muscles. When
muscles contract, blood is forced through
veins.

18.  Composed of plasma and blood cells.
 Types of Cells are:
 Red Blood Cells
 White Blood Cells
 Platelets
 Plasma : Straw colored , 90% water , 10%
dissolved gases, salts, nutrients, enzymes,
hormones, wastes, and proteins

19.  3 Types:
 Albumins, globulins and fibrinogen.
 Albumins and Globulins- transport substances
such as fatty acids, hormones and vitamins.
 Fibrinogen- Responsible for blood’s ability to
clot

20.  Most numerous type
 Transport oxygen
 Get color from hemoglobin
 Disk shaped
 Made in red bone marrow
 Circulate for 120 days

22.  Guard against infection, fight parasites, and
attack bacteria
 Number of WBC’s increases when body is
fighting
 Lymphocytes produce antibodies which fight
pathogens and remember them

24.  Aid the body in clotting
 Small fragments
 Stick to edges of broken blood cell and
secrete clotting factor to help form clot.

26.  Blood has 3 main Functions
 Transport
 Protection
 Temperature Regulation