Ownership In Stadiums

Ownership In Stadiums
You have found yourself in a tough spot that is for sure. Since the stadium does not claim
responsibility for damage to your car, there is little you can do in respect to the damage to the car
itself. You would absolutely have a legal right to recover damages from the fan who damaged your
car if you had some way of proving who it was who actually threw the statue through your
windshield. However, all hope is not lost. One important detail of this occurrence you must uncover
is who has ownership over the statue that was used to create this damage. If the statue is owned by
the stadium, then you have found your window. Most parking lots or parking garages have a
disclaimer removing themselves from the liability of the damage to your car. However,
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Case Study : Dallas Cowboys Stadium
Case study for course 9510 Dallas Cowboys Stadium Group 25 Member: Han Zhang Yang Xu
Yefeng Xu Summary Dallas cowboys stadium, also called AT&T stadium, is the largest domed
stadium in the National Football League in Arlington, Texas, United States, which is city–owned
and has a capacity of 85,000 seats with a telescopic roof. It is used as the base camp of Dallas
Cowboys, a great sport club in the world. Except its major application – professional football, many
other kinds of activities can he carried out in the stadium like basketball matches, soccer games, also
Spartan games and motocross. The stadium was finished on May 27 in 2009. Lesson learned 1: Cost
controlling is an important procedure of the project and it can help you to master changes of the
plan. Cost controlling means amending the cost of project by monitoring project status and
controlling variation of the cost base line. From this case, I found that some methods were done for
the cost change. The methods are list as following: 1.If a cost exists in contract can be used for the
changed project, amend contract cost refer to existing cost. 2. If a similar cost exist in the contract,
amend contract cost to similar cost. 3. If the contract doesn't have applicable and similar cost in it,
the contractor should propose a cost and submit to the stakeholders to get a approval, and carry out.
The final cost should be paid after checking by the third party. The Dallas Cowboy Stadium

Essay about Advertising In Baseball Stadiums
Introduction
Baseball is considered to be America's favorite pastime and has become popular all over the world.
This sport is watched by millions of people every time there is a game played. People will go to the
stadiums to watch and a lot of fans will watch the game on television. Since there are so many
people watching these games, advertising has become more and more apart of every baseball
stadium due to the amount of exposure a company can receive by using the many types of ads found
in a baseball stadium. The stadiums use billboards, fences, green screens, merchandise, airplanes,
names of stadiums, and scoreboards as all different ways to advertise a company's product.
Billboards
Billboards play a huge ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is the background of the outfielders and whenever a ball is hit out there or someone wants to look
at the scoreboard, people have to look at the outfield and have really no choice to look at the
advertisements on the fences. GAP Inc. really benefited from company's putting there ads on the
fence, because left–centerfield and right–centerfield are called the "gap" in baseball leaving a lot of
stadiums to use GAP as their advertisement in that area on the fence. Fences are really useful due to
how visible they are throughout an entire game.
Green Screens
Technology is making advertising much easier in baseball stadiums and the use of green screens is
really starting to take off. Greens screens are only visible to fans watching the game on television,
but are very useful due to how easy it is to switch an advertisement during an inning of the game.
The green screens are usually located behind the umpire on the backstop to left of batter's box for
left–handed batters. This is not a distraction to pitchers or infielders, because they use a green screen
which is similar to the centerfield sitting area. This area never sits any fans and is either black or
green in a stadium so that the batter is not distracted when a pitcher is throwing a pitch. Marketers
like the ads because they dominate the background behind the pitcher–hitter confrontation, which is
the central image in a baseball telecast. Plus, if an advertisement takes place during

Perry Lake Stadium Case Study
Perry Lake Stadium area is a sports facility built by the state government of Western Australia to
succeed the commonwealth games in 1962. Located in the Town of Cambridge, this sports complex
is equipped with complete facilities such as sports scoreboard, track and field as well as residential
area (Roberts Day Planning Town Design 2008). However, the local authority considers that the
sports facility in Perry Lake area was substandard and out of dated, therefore it is needed to
revitalize. Perry Lake Redevelopment Plan was made to realize the vision of the local government
which is to achieve a more dynamic and vibrant economic to support the growth of the city. Urban
redevelopment / revitalization is an alternative solution to rejuvenate

Cardiff City Stadium And Wales
Introduction
Cardiff city stadium is a football stadium in area called leckwith in Wales, Cardiff also it belongs for
the football team and Wales national football team. Cardiff city stadium is the second biggest
stadium in Wales and that's after they added the Ninian stand. Malaysian billionaire owns the
stadium and recently the owner invested so money on the stadium to extend it because when Cardiff
city football club moved up to the premier league the number of people was increasing and when the
team is playing home stadium use to get full. The stadium used also get full when Wales national
team playing home and because capacity of the stadium was increasing owner decided to invest so
money to extend the stadium by adding 5000 seats. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The fresh rooftop cantilevers in total 42.5 m, but only the 10.5m back span and about 19m of the
cantilever can be erected during the football season. This share of the roof was erected in modules
containing a rafter, the backup mast, the 14m–long back stay and the linking inner forestay. The top
of the mast is 12m overhead the new rooftop level and 37m overhead ground level. It is formed with
457mm diameter CHS sections, while the linking forestays and backstays are all 406mm diameter
CHS sections.
Directly after the last home match of the season, the current roof and columns were removed which
then allowed the front share of the new roof, along with the connecting 34m long front forestay, to
be erected.
Analysing:
I think Vincent Tan, Malaysian co–owner of Cardiff City FC did good thing to set a plan, extending
the capacity of the stadium and by upgrading the training facilities to premier league standards and
spending £12 m to upgrade the stadium capacity. The hospitality areas are finished and in the four
level is going to be fitted out initially as a slight upgrade of your usual concourse area, in between
what can be found in the current Grandstand on Level two and Level four. The long–term plan for
Level four of the Ninian Stand will be to house a top–quality restaurant facility with the two wings
either side of the central concourse providing

Dodger Stadium: A Bright Spot For Los Angeles Essay
In the heart of downtown Los Angeles nestled within the valley of Chavez Ravine lies Dodger
Stadium. Overlooking green valleys and rolling hills with the skyscrapers of the city behind it,
Dodger Stadium appears as the epitome of peace in bustling Los Angeles. Few would fathom that
beneath this sanctum of the Los Angeles Dodgers resides a village of Mexican Americans. Critics
ranging from muralist Judy Baca, to academic writers Tara Yosso and David García, to the people
displaced themselves argue that the creation of Dodger Stadium can never be justified because it
destroyed a village. The construction of Dodger Stadium served the common good according to the
definition given in the International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. The ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
However in 1952, Hines writes that public outcry questioning the project as "'creeping socialism'"
along with investigations of three members of the CHA as possible members of the Communist
Party doomed the project (Hines 137). Elysian Park Heights never became a reality which left
Chavez Ravine ripe for Walter O'Malley to erect his brand new stadium. Hines states that O'Malley
officially acquired the land on October 7, 1957, which meant the families of Chavez Ravine had lost
their homes without the reconstructed neighborhood to move back. As defined by International
Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, "The common good refers to activities or policies that benefit
the community. It is concerned with the well–being of the group as opposed to simply the interests
of a particular individual or group" (Common 25). The article continues with two different
perspectives on the common good. A liberal perspective is built on understanding community
through the concern of individual persons. On the other hand, a communitarian stance takes into
account the good of the community by placing its good above the good of the individual. The
general definition of the common good along with the liberal and communitarian perspectives
support that the erection of Dodger Stadium achieved the common good for Los Angeles. The story
of the destruction of Chavez Ravine began and ended with the city council of Los Angeles, not the
Los

Persuasive Essay On New Sports Stadiums
Sports today consist of many important institutions throughout some major cities in the United
States. They help connect people with places and through this loyalty, a sense of civic pride born. In
recent years dozen new sports stadiums have been built through the country. With the heavy
structural barriers inherent in the development of competing professional sport leagues and in the
increasing mobility of our economy. Mobile nature of professional sport team doesn't seem to be
ready reversal in the future. And the cities are now expected to pay an increasing of the stadium
costs. Through 1960 these types of subsides were virtually non–existent, but due to the
aforementioned shifts in the market conditions and precedents is set forth by cities ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Planning a $200 million, 50,000– seat domed stadium, and, according to the school, state taxpayers
will foot about $75 million of the cost. For stadium 45 nights out of the year; other events will
account for 100 more nights. According to the school, those would include marching band
competitions, concerts and even NBA and NFL preseason games. The last preseason NFL game in
Jackson, which pitted the New Orleans Saints and the Indianapolis Colts, drew more than 58,000
fans in 2006. While domed stadiums are nothing new in college football, a Jackson State dome
would be unparalleled among its peer institutions.
Why I think that the government will in to be thinking how much the stadium will cost then know
much he or she will make is because if she or he do it they will not have to wormed about somebody
kill or going to jail because if they do it they might not have to be think about how long they have to
take people to jail for life or some time. And the government will have

A History of the AT&T Stadium
The Dallas Cowboys, America's football team, one of the most well known professional football
franchises in the sport's history. The Cowboys own five super bowl titles, which were won in '71,
'77, '92, '93 and '95. They are also home to 19 renowned individuals who have been inducted into
the NFL Hall of Fame including standout football stars Tony Dorsett, Emmit Smith, and Troy
Aikman. Established in 1960, the Cowboys have been a dominating force on the field and still
continue to produce to this day. Forbes wrote, "The Cowboys franchise value reaches over 1.85
billion and are listed as the third most valued sports team in the world", (Page 1). With all of this
hype and world wide recognition the powerhouse from Dallas needs a venue just as ... Show more
To aid Cowboys owner and general manager Jerry Jones, whom is stated in Forbes Magazine as
being "worth 3.1 billion dollars himself," (Page 1), in paying the construction costs of the new
stadium, Arlington voters approved the increase of the city's sales tax by 0.5 percent, the hotel
occupancy tax by 2 percent, and car rental tax by 5 percent. The City of Arlington provided over
$325 million (including interest) in bonds as funding, and Jones covered any cost overruns. Also, the
NFL provided the Cowboys with an additional $150 million loan, following its policy for facilitating
financing for the construction of new stadiums," (Page 1). –Strengths and Weaknesses– A key
strength that the Cowboys franchise holds is the obvious tradition of winning and success on the
football field. As mentioned before, the Cowboys have 5 Super Bowl titles and that gives the team a
legendary aura every time they step out on the field. This allows their fan base to be very large,
consistent and proud to be part of the franchise. Along with that strength though, comes a weakness.
The history of the Cowboys is a history of excellence and winning which is hard to hold and be
consistent with in the NFL. Winning three Super Bowl titles in four years is a hard mark to reach but
ever since that accomplishment the Cowboys have been nowhere near replicating that achievement.
The fan base was created through the great seasons of football that the Cowboys have

Compare And Contrast Watching Tv Vs Stadium
The review topic I will be doing is about the difference between watching a game live vs. watching
it on T.V. As any sports fan would say, there really is no better place to experience a big game than
at the stadium. Although, there really is no worse place to watch a big game than at the stadium.
Both good and bad, there really is nothing like being at the game. Fans believe they have to watch a
game on TV because they miss too much by actually being there. As crazy as that sounds, they
might be right. Without the cameras that zoom in things that would never have been seen is a bis
aspect to this. Money is starting to be a bigger affect to going to the game or not. Not to mention the
food prices at these games are insane. Also if you watch the game at home you can change the
channel during a commercial and watch another game. Plus whats better than watching the game
while laying on your favorite couch? Each option has ups and downs, they could each be wanted or
not by one person or the other. (Dan Levy)
Many people can agree with everything said in this. They love to go to a game at a stadium. Just
being in the environment and seeing it with their own eyes. On the other hand they would not want
to sit ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some sports are definitely better seen in person. Television does not do justice for hockey. Other
sports are better seen on TV. The person lying on his couch watching golf or cycling on TV has an
extremely better idea of what's going on with the overall event than the schlub following one group
of golfers or standing at some lonely stretch of road waiting for that exciting 15 seconds when the
cyclists pass them. Also being at an event is almost always a more satisfying experience than sitting
at home watching it on TV. Longer sports like golf and cycling are two sports that are much better
on TV. They are two of the most time consuming sports that have a larger playing

New vs Old Yankees Stadium
"The House that Ruth Built" has seen many history–making moments in its 85 years in the Bronx:
twenty–six World Series titles, four Major League Baseball All–Star games, two papal visits by John
Paul II and Benedict XVI. Now that the Bronx Bombers have ended their 2008 season 8 games out
of first place, finishing third behind the Boston Red Sox and the Tampa Bay Rays, the old Yankee
Stadium will shut its doors (M.L.B. Advanced Media, "2008 Regular Season Standings"). The start
of next season will bring extra attention to the Yankees due to the opening of their brand new
stadium, located across the street. Their new stadium is just one of many recent parks that have been
built. These "new stadiums" change the classic pastime of watching ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Yankees plan on opening a Metro–North train stop right at the stadium so that fans from
neighboring states can easily arrive and depart the game without dealing with the subway or the
street traffic, which takes away from the hustle and bustle of the pregame street activities. This
includes souvenir shops, food vendors etc. And finally, the most un–baseball related aspect of the
new stadium on the list is the fact that Yankee Stadium will be open year round with clubs,
restaurants, banquet rooms, conference rooms and business centers, and will host corporate outings,
business meetings, bat mitzvahs, seminars and weddings (M.L.B. Advanced Media, "New Yankee
Stadium Relocation Guide"). According to Brian Cashman, Senior Vice–President and General
Manager of the New York Yankees, the team has "to be in a position to pursue excellence." He
knows the potential of the Yankee organization, and he feels that the new stadium is the best thing
for it. Although many have complained about the destruction of such a historical landmark,
Cashman says that the new stadium is just as good, if not better than the old one. He states that the
move was necessary because of all the improvements and new stadiums that other teams have made.
The opponents all have better "batting cages and health recovery areas" and other key advantages at
their home fields, so the Yankees obviously needed to keep up. Cashman feels that the new stadium
will bring the community

Yankee Stadium Tragedy
The reason for the subsidies of these stadiums over recent years has been the incredible cost of
construction. There are over 100 various sports stadium in the U.S. with sixty–four new major
league facilities alone have been built over a 16 –year span beginning in the early 1990's at a
combined costs of over $20 billion (Sanderson). One high profile example is of the new Yankee
Stadium in New York: "The construction cost is expected to be around $1.3 billion... New York City
is projected to spend $220 million on infrastructure and various other improvements across the area"
(Robertson). The extra expenditure is the type of costs that investors primarily like to argue as the
reason for the subsidies. Since the money is being spent on increasing ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
By the time construction of a new stadium commences, construction jobs of all types have been
created, from welders to painters, from foremen to day laborers. Many of the workers needed for the
new construction projects are not local and will typically move temporarily or permanently into the
communities as construction can take years to complete. The moves can generate an increase in
local and state tax dollars from hotel lodging, home sales and spending on items necessary for daily
living such as clothing, food, gas and entertainment. When searching for funding for these stadiums
and workers to construct the project, many cities opt to subsidize the cost. Subsidizing is when the
city makes use of tax payer funds to help limit the private cost of the project. However, many
economists say that the subsidies are not beneficial to the average taxpayer. "In spite of all of these
economic arguments, economists generally oppose subsidizing professional sports stadiums"
(Wolla). Many economists agree that, "Providing state and local subsidies to build stadiums for
professional sports teams is likely to cost the relevant taxpayers more than any

The Birds Nest Stadium
1.0 Project Description
The Beijing National Stadium, better known as the Birds Nest Stadium is a sporting facility which
was purposefully built for the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008. This stadium is known for using
tonnes of steel (up to 42,000 tonnes) to produce a stadium that resembles a Birds Nest as shown in
the figure below (Bell,2017). Figure 1– Birds Nest Stadium (Bell,2017)
The stadium could fit up to 91,000 people inside and clever design by the architectural firm Herzog
& de Meuron allowed for this stadium to go down as one of the architectural wonders of the world
(Bell,2017). The project began in October of 2002 with an invitation for bidders opened by the
BDPC which allowed for companies to submit tender prices for the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Other inputs to the estimate include Human Resource Plan, Risk Register and Organisational
Process Assets (Peebles,2017). All these inputs that the CITIC consortium used would help
formulate the estimation of cost that would be supplied in the tender process to the BDPC.
2.2 Tools and Techniques
Using the inputs above combined with specialised tools and techniques, the CITIC Consortium
came up with an outputted estimated cost to submit for the tender. These tools are as follows. High
quality personnel were trained for estimates and the company (CITIC Consortium) had a finance
department used for estimating projects (Chinyere,2013). This team was used throughout the whole
project and because of their background in estimating, this meant that they had expert judgement on
what activities could be done and for what price. Other techniques the team used include computer
software which could generate estimates on prices using historical information and previous projects
that the team had done (Chinyere, 2013). In regards to project cost management theory, analogous
estimating and parametric estimating are seen to be better so using these might have given the
company a better estimate on the Birds Nest Stadium project (Hueber, 2015).
2.3 Outputs
Inputs and tools/techniques are used to come up with an

NFL Stadiums : The Causes And Cons Of NFL Stadiums
Sports Stadiums are an iconic staple of American tradition. However not everything about these
venues is positive. Team owners take advantage of laws and fans to meet their own goals. Citizens
and city officials from various locations have taken up their grievances with the NFL in the past.
And it has gotten to the point where even political parties join together to bring to light issues with
the organization. NFL stadiums are not good for cities because they take advantage of tax payers,
hurt citizens on an economic level and cost them billions in subsidies. Sports teams and more
importantly the NFL does not always have respect for the city or its people. In some cases the teams
have contracts with the city their cities that state the conditions of maintaining the stadiums they
play in. In Cincinnati, the Bangles cost the Hamelton County a lot of money. in Hamilton County,
where one in seven people lives beneath the poverty line and budget cuts have left gaps in the
schools and sheriffs department, residents are bracing for more belt–tightening: rollback of a
property–tax break promised as part of a 1996 plan to entice voters to pay for two new stadiums
(Wall Street Journal). It pays more for the team than it does on the citizens. In 2013 the team
threatened to move to another city if the county did not pay for upgrades to their new stadium. For
the second super bowl the city of Glendale had, the mayor was officially uninvited due to a
disagreement on the terms of the event. The construction of the stadium that event was held at was
the subject of contraversy as well, money.cnn.com reports "Taxpayers paid for most of the
University of Phoenix Stadium, which opened in 2006 and is home to this Sunday's Super Bowl ––
to the tune of about $300 million.". Citizens of Santa Clara deal with increased traffic in their city
for the San Francisco 49rs playing in their city, despite protests from the people. In the end if you try
to get in the way of the organization they do not care what position you hold in office, so long as
they get their way.
Team fandoms are one of many advantages sports teams in the NFL use to ease the financial load on
their stadiums. In 2006 the Arizona Cardinals team officials decided

Essay about Sustainability in Stadium
'Sustainability' is critical to all aspects of society in the 21st century. Evaluate the concept of
sustainability and impact that it is having on 21st century Stadium and Arena management practices.
This essay is going to talk about the issues of sustainability related to stadium and arena in 21st
century. This essay will give the definition in different historic and contemporary concepts, then
talks about the triple bottom line that how sustainability effect on people, profit and planet. At last
this report will going to talk about the sustainability development in the future.
This paragraph is going to talk about the definition in different historic and introduce the triple
bottom line. During the long course of age, human being ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
CSR is become more important in this society. Business activities will influence the sustainable
development and played a centre role in the sustainable development. Business should focus on the
world trend and being responsible because it's important to lead a business to success as
"competitive conditions and corporate social responsibility (CSR)". Business need to transform for
sustainable development. "CSR" is not only an empty talk which is also become the determinate
factor of a company. "Jacoson and Nelson(2004) take more of a how–to approach, offering a
principle–based framework for mastering what they called 'new rules of the game'." (Alessia, 2009)
CSR of business began to wake. "There is growing sense that looking after the people and the
community as well as the environment are all relevant to long–term business survival." (Alessia,
2009) As the CSR become a esthetic standard and sustainability standard for a business, companies
focus more on triple bottom line–people, profit and planet–also could definite as environmental,
societal and business arenas. CSR is a start to lead business to sustainability. It is more likely a
principle to measure companies' ethics and sustainability. Berkhout indentified some challenges for
companies under the CSR principle. "How to balance its social and environmental responsibility
with its economic responsibility to

Campus Stadium Case
The resurgence of Temple University's football program has lead the school wanting a $126 million,
35,000–seat stadium in the heart of North Philadelphia. The surrounding community outcry,
skeptical legislators and a summer leadership crisis forced Temple's president, Neil Theobald, to
step down. Since Theobald was the driving force behind the stadium, Temple has no clear timeline
to bring a proposal to City Hall. The Owls have paid rent since 2003 to play at Lincoln Financial
Field, home of the Philadelphia Eagles. To build its own campus stadium, Temple needs legislation
passed by City Council. Although a stadium would bring a vibrant buzz to the campus, difficult
obstacles stand in the way of North Philadelphia seeing a stadium in their backyard.
There are many stakeholders ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, the North Philadelphia community. Temple occupies a large part of North Philadelphia, and
the largely black population has long been concerned about being shoved out by rising rents and an
expanding university footprint. Temple wants to build across the street from an elementary school, a
home for the elderly, and many row homes. Resident's also worry about the traffic and parking
shortages that could jam streets with drunk tailgaters. As another stakeholder in this case, Temple
University pays rent to use the Lincoln Financial Field that will triple from $1 million per year to $3
million starting in 2018. By building its own facility through donations, loans and grants. Temple
won't have to pay 3 million in rent. Of course the Temple students are a stakeholder in this case. The
student population living near campus has more than doubled in the past

Yankee Stadium Economics
The rise in popularity of professional sports over the last century has brought financial gain and
stability to many facets of the economy. Whether it is a new franchise, stadium, or the signing of a
big–name player, these activities bring attention to a region or group and influence often comes as a
result of that attention. Money brought into an area from ticket revenue, hotel bookings,
merchandise sales, and other businesses are impacted financially when a stadium is built. The
economic influence a stadium brings to a local economy is a positive one. Many factors come into
play when anticipating the construction of a new stadium. Will the franchise be successful in the
market? How will the stadium impact traffic flow? How long will the project take? What is the total
projected cost of the project? All of these facts are greatly considered, and the pros and cons are
assessed. After the initial planning ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over the last 15 years, "sixty–four new major league facilities were built... One high–profile
construction deal is Yankee Stadium, which was originally built in 1923 for $2 million (Sanderson)."
Two million dollars in 1923 adjusted for inflation is $29,228,452.38. In 2005, the New York
Yankees announced plans to build a new stadium. "The construction cost is expected to be around
$1.3 billion, which the Yankees will pay for. New York City is projected to spend $220 million on
infrastructure and various other improvements across the area (Robertson)." On top of the spending
for the physical stadium, "the city of New York spent about $220 million on infrastructure and other
improvements (Robertson)." This extra spending is the type of costs that investors like to argue is
the reason for the subsidies. Since the money is being spent on increasing the quality of the public
space around the stadium and for the taxpayers, should they not help

Why I Want To Build Sports Stadiums
Economically, building a sports stadium can increase aggregate demand of the economy, providing
new jobs, thus increasing employment. Based on the multiplier effect, this could lead to an
economic growth (Danielson). In the future, this can lead to an economic development. Building a
stadium also increase competition for local merchants to supply materials to build the stadium,
therefore, creating new opportunities for new businesses. Therefore there will be an increase the
total income of the county or city, thereby reducing the tax burden on local citizens. The stadium
will lead to expand tourism opportunities because people will want to visit your city and watch
games (tourism). Keep in mind the money being used for the stadium then different kinds of benefits
will be developed. The money used for building will pass through the hands of the building
contractors, his employees, for their consumption, their investments and back to the banks. This will
provide employment but it will also raise the quality of the community, due to use the stadium.
Nearby the stadiums, jobs are also created in local shops, restaurants, hotels, and the transportation
industry the tax base of the cities. The increase tax base allows the cities to pay off the ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, you have to tear down the old and decay section of the city. Even if some residents or business
owners do not want to re locate, they must compromise for the good of the community. Next, you
have to hire the workers to repair the streets, front of exiting building, sewage line, and the lighting
of the area. In order to get the stadium done you have to hire construction workers, people to lay the
bricks, electricians, pipe layers. When renovating the old community, it is the local merchants that
supply the materials. By supplying the materials they are able to employ people of the community
and therefore decrease the unemployment rate of that

Descriptive Essay On Yokohama Stadium
Yokohama Stadium is the largest baseball stadium in Japan located in Japan's second largest city,
Yokohama. Yokohama Stadium is placed on two–minute walk from JR Kannai station, just 400
meters of famous Chinatown and a few meters more of Yokohama Port. Near Yokohama Stadium is
wonderful Yokohama park were most people enjoy in huge, multicolored tulip garden waiting for a
game.
It is the home stadium of the famous baseball team Yokohama DeNA Bay. Yokohama DeNa Bay is
popular by great success in baseball, but more by lively fans, which always make unforgettable
atmosphere on Yokohama Stadium when their team play. Data from 2011. show about great
popularity of this team. The Yokohama Stadium drew over 1.8 million fans on season that year.
Yokohama ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After the game, if Yokohama wins, visitors can try their luck on the Hero Photo lottery. This
interesting bingo is like device which eject a ball and if a ball is colored you won. The award is to
take a photo with the victorious players of Yokohama Stadium.
"As mentioned, Yokohama Stadium is multi purpose stadium. Except the baseball games, Yokohama
Stadium is a suitable and for soccer, American football and events. Here were held and Australian
Rules Football matches on 1986. and 1987.
Under the unique lights of Yokohama stadium, which are shaped like the letter Y, many celebrities
had a performances. Among them are: Carlos Santana, Masayoshi Takanaka, Nana Mizuki, Korean
artists Tohoshinki, Madonna, Tina Turner, Michael Jackson,... "
Since 2008, baseball and softball have not been played at the Tokio Olympics, but for the Tokio
Olympics in the 2020 things will change. Softball and baseball are among the sports that organizers
have nominated for this great event and on the top of the list of candidates which would to host
baseball is Yokohama

Essay Wembley Stadium pricing study
Ticket Pricing Strategy for the new Wembley Stadium
1     Introduction
OBJECTIVE     To maximise profits from ticket sales at Wembley
Stadium KEY ASSUMPTIONS     1. Wembley has a monopoly on
certain types of match 2. Wembley is run by profit maximising managers selling tickets to utility
maximising buyers STRATEGY     Set prices for seats as close to
the willingness to pay as possible using price discrimination KEY
CHOICES     What type of seating to sell and at what price?
2     Scope This strategy is limited to the following football
matches:      England home ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Demand is still high though because of the quality of the games. Wembley can therefore charge a
premium, but not over–charge to the extent that alternatives become dominant: 'Special treat'
customers are those who are willing to pay more because they are buying an experience rather than
just wanting to see a match. They still have a high elasticity because there are alternatives – they
will be put off if prices are too high. 4.2     Segment 2 Demand

Rhetorical Analysis Of Beaver Stadium
Evan Moulthrop
Dr. Stockstill
Rhetorical Analysis
25 September 2017 Beaver Stadium Beaver Stadium is located on the campus of Pennsylvania State
University in University Park, Pennsylvania. Beaver Stadium has been the home of Penn State
football since 1960, and holds a capacity of over one hundred thousand(Beaver Stadium). Every
Saturday, students, alumni, and fans come from all over the country to support the university. These
games have been storied events that have taken place at Penn State for over a century. Not only is it
a great place to visit and attend a game, but an opportunity to spend time with friends and family.
Beaver Stadium has instantly recognizable features that make it one of the most popular college
football venues. Penn state football games at Beaver Stadium not only provide fans with a fantastic
college football experience, but also an opportunity to interact and be a part of the entire Penn State
community by bringing people together from all over the country. Since its last expansion in 2001,
Beaver Stadium has provided a great home field advantage(Beaver Stadium). It is one of the largest
sports venues in the country and provides an electric atmosphere on game days. The stadium has a
bowl shape with two upper decks to the south end and one upper deck to the north end. The sides of
the stadium extend upward, and press boxes and suites are at the top. The student section wraps
around the lower level of the south end. The upper levels on the ends

The Pros And Cons Of Stadium Subsidy
Sports subsidies have become the main way to finance a lot of the stadiums being built all
around the United States. A stadium subsidy is a sort of government subsidy provided for a
professional sports team to help invest in the building or improvement of sports stadiums. Even
though these subsidies are occurring that does not mean that they are good. As a matter of fact
they do more harm than good to the economy of the area the stadium is built in. This situation
brings in taxes, business collapse, and really no solid evidence after research has been done on
the economic boost of these stadium subsides. The government should be shut down from giving
out subsidies to sports franchises for the construction of the new stadiums because of all the
harm ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the area by the stadium may flourish other parts of
the city could be kicked out of business. Also no matter if the sports franchise is a winning
franchise, the more distance the sports stadium is from the main part of town, there is more of a
chance of economic collapse (Jacobson 25). It is very hard to have a flourishing city all around if
one side of town is getting the majority of business. If a city plans to have a better economy,
building a new sports stadium is not the way to go. Most of the time the stadiums do not work
out economically. That does not mean that stadiums can not work out in a city but just that the
fact that the city will not become rich off of this introduction of a stadium (Jacobson 23). There
are a lot of sports cities that struggle because of new stadiums coming into their community and

a lot of businesses that have gone out of business because of this. The government should stop
giving out this free money to big money franchises.
Lastly there have been studies all over to test and see the value or nonvalue of

Project Management : Wembley Stadium
Lina Varnelyte @00379698
Project management
08/12/2014
Table of Contents
Page
1. Introduction 3
2. Executive summary 3
3. Wembley Vision/Mission 3
4. Aims and objectives 4
5. Stakeholder Management and Communication 4
6. Performance Measurement and Management Quality 7
7. Planning and Scheduling 8
8. Constrains and Risks 10
9. Recommendation 11
10. References 13
Introduction
Wembley stadium is a great stadium which has been awarded internationally. It was opened in 2007
after long delays of the project. The final cost of the project was £757 million (£918 million in 2014
sterling).
It is a big stadium that

Why Have Stadiums Benefit The Economy?
Stadiums have been shown to benefit the economy as a whole. "In this article it was talked about
having 4 steps that stadiums help the local economy in which those would include the following:
building it creates construction jobs, people who attend games or work for the team generate new
spending in the community, expand local employment and team attracts tourists and companies to
the host city, further increasing local spending and jobs" (Johnson 34). This is more of a strong
theory than exact proof that stadiums do actually help the economy. If we broke down the quote
with how building it creates construction jobs is true and not deniable. Then we get too the people
attending the games or working for the team creates jobs which also cannot ... Show more content
According to Potter, "If you want to inject money into the local economy, it would be better to drop
it from a helicopter than invest it in a new ballpark. It stands to reason therefore that compared with
building publicly subsidized stadiums, not only would dropping money from a helicopter improve
efficiency; it would also inevitably serve to reduce inequality. This would be especially true if the
helicopter made the drop in a low–income neighborhood"(Potter 880). Saying that dropping money
from a helicopter would be better than tax money from the stadium would be more efficient is a bold
statement that makes a lot of sense. Potter went on to describe that stadiums do generate a profit that
helps the community but the rich stay rich is basically what is happing. Owners will end up
pocketing that extra cash that they have or putting the money right back into the stadium. A poor
neighborhood is not going to get attention like it should and would use the extra stadium revenue in
different area long before it would ever reach a destination that is hurt by poverty (Potter

Sports Stadiums : The Benefits Of Sports Stadiums
Sports Stadiums can be found in many cities across the United States. These Stadiums can cost
millions of dollars to build but have the potential to bring in much more. While there are many
benefits to building and operating a sports stadium, there are more downsides economically. New
Stadiums can bring many jobs and more income to a city in the beginning however as time goes on,
those jobs prove to be unreliable and taxpayers are left paying for a stadium they may never step
foot in. With this, sports stadiums are more harmful to a city's economy than they are beneficial.
Sports Stadiums, specifically for professional sports, have the potential to generate a large amount
of income for a city. Focusing on NFL teams, they generate a massive amount of money between
games, merchandise and concessions each time they play on their home field. Although not all of
this goes back to the state, there is enough flow of money to make it worthwhile. With the
construction of a stadium, it opens up new job opportunities for the city beginning with construction
personnel. For example, when Lucas Oil Stadium was being built in Indianapolis in 2007, over
4,900 people were employed to assist with constructions. Lasting months, it allowed locals to
generate money which further helped the flow of the economy. After construction ended in August
of 2008, the stadium offered 4,200 permanent jobs for the community. Lucas Oil Stadium hosts
events that are more than just football. Throughout the year they host, Drum Corps International
World Championships, Monster Jam, and a number of smaller community events. Another stadium
in Indianapolis is the Banker's Life fieldhouse. Banker's Life is the home of the Indiana Pacers,
Indiana Fever, and the venue for multiple concerts for big artists throughout the year. Other events
held at Banker's Life Stadium included: World Wrestling Entertainment, Disney on Ice, Cirque de
Soleil, and many more community events. With all of these events generating money, they also offer
180 full–time and between 400–800 part–time jobs for the community. These two examples of local
sports stadiums are in use year round and not for just one event, therefore generating more money
than smaller, one–use stadiums

Sports Stadiums: Turning Public Money into Private Profit...
Sports Stadiums: Turning Public Money into Private Profit
Abstract: The Stadium construction boom continues, and taxpayers are being forced to pay for new
high tech stadiums they don't want. These new stadiums create only part–time jobs. Stadiums bring
money in exclusively for professional leagues and not the communities. The teams are turning
public money into private profit. Professional leagues are becoming extremely wealthy at the
taxpayers expense. The publicly–funded stadium obsession must be put to a stop before athletes and
coaches become even greedier. New stadiums being built hurt public schools, and send a message to
children that leisure activities are more important than basic education. Public money ... Show more
Each of the stadiums are funded in unique ways, communities do not benefit from new stadiums,
and stadiums do not save a struggling downtown. Foremost, stadiums hurt public schools, and this
money should be used for more important public services. There are many reasons we subsidize
sports, but stadiums do not help the economy, and there are no net benefits from stadiums. Teams
strive for new stadiums to create an image, but there are options so that a community will not loose
a team to another city without building a new stadium.
There are several options in paying for the new stadiums. Sports stadiums are subsidized by:
construction and operating grants paid to private owners or developers, construction and ownership
by governing agencies, a state or local tax, or by federal tax–exempt bonds, or the general public can
pay . The public is forced to pay when general fund revenues are used to fund the stadium or a new
tax is imposed. In Seattle, 2% of the county tax went toward paying for the kingdome. The cities,
counties, and special districts can increase their general sales tax to raise money for stadiums.
Sometimes state money is also used to fund the stadiums.
Taxpayers have been forced to pay for these stadiums in various ways. People who were not part of
the majority and voted "no" on new a stadium have to pay the same amount of taxes as the people

Advertising in Baseball Stadiums
Introduction Baseball is considered to be America's favorite pastime and has become popular all
over the world. This sport is watched by millions of people every time there is a game played.
People will go to the stadiums to watch and a lot of fans will watch the game on television. Since
there are so many people watching these games, advertising has become more and more apart of
every baseball stadium due to the amount of exposure a company can receive by using the many
types of ads found in a baseball stadium. The stadiums use billboards, fences, green screens,
merchandise, airplanes, names of stadiums, and scoreboards as all different ways to advertise a
company's product.
Billboards
Billboards play a huge role at ballparks because ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Merchandise
Merchandise is probably one of the most common forms of advertising in a baseball stadium. First
you have the souvenir shops inside all of the ballparks that sell shirts and hats with the team's logos
and the stadiums name on them. This makes the fans a walking advertisement for the stadium and
team. Food is the next form of advertising in baseball stadiums followed by beverages. These two
go hand in hand with one another because when people buy a hotdog they usually want to wash it
down with an ice cold beer. Hotdogs and beer have almost become a tradition in the fact that when
you go to ballparks those are the top two items fans purchase the most. Lastly you have the vendors
walking around yelling out the name of beer they are selling along with hotdogs and peanuts. For
example, Wrigley Field is known for their Old–Style beer so when the vendor is yelling out get your
ice cold Old–Style they are advertising for the beer company and giving them good exposure
throughout the game.
Airplanes Airplanes are another way marketers reach a large crowd at one time by using fly–by
advertisements. These were more effective and used a lot more before technology began to take
over. Planes are able to pull a large sign behind it with a phrase written in a banner style, which
limits what a marketer can

Veterans Stadium History
Known for its treacherous Astroturf, deafening acoustics and its unruly 700 Level, The Vet, as it was
commonly known, was home to both the Phillies of Major League Baseball and the Eagles of the
Nation Football League from 1971 to 2003. Veterans Stadium represented more than just a sports
venue, it represented the heart and soul of the city of brotherly love, the place with the most rabid
but loyal of fans in the nation. Veterans stadium created lifelong memories in Philadelphia's sports
world, and left a longstanding impression on everyone privileged enough to attend a game there.
Veterans Stadium, located at Broad Street and Pattison Avenue in South Philadelphia, was a multi–
purpose stadium like earlier models such as R.F.K. Stadium in Washington, ... Show more content
After the final Phillies game in September, 2003, the stadium had a final goodbye ceremony,
featuring several former players and Philadelphia sports bigwigs. Following the closing of the
stadium, everything that could be sold, was. Former players, coaches and sports figures paid one last
visit to The Vet before its implosion. On the morning of March 21, 204, Veterans Stadium was
imploded in 62 seconds. The sight was said to be and emotional sight and many from players to fans
stood watch it came down. Today, the land where the great stadium once stood serves as a parking
lot for events held at Lincoln Financial Field and Citizens Bank Ballpark, the new homes of the
Eagles and Phillies. Veterans Stadium provided millions of people with unforgettable memories,
including myself as it was where I attended my first ball game. Although the stadium is gone, the
memories will live on in the minds of everyone privileged to enjoy time in the

sports stadium financing in the 1990s Essay
INTRODUCTION
The sentiment can be heard in any office break room, local tavern, or play field. The utter discontent
of the increasing cost of attending professional sporting events. Distain ranges from players salaries
to cost of parking and concessions. One local newscaster, channel 5 in Chicago, Illinois – April,
2003, reports that for a family of four to attend a major league baseball game on opening day costs
between $160 and $200 dollars.
The precursor to this cost was a decade of skyrocketing salaries and the trend to build huge public
ally financed megaplexis to house these professional athletes. The current response to this
ostentatious decade is to put forth bills to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
~ Daniel Sutter, "Public Subsidies for Sports Stadiums Don't Spur Economic Growth"
Some urban (stadium) facilities....Built in blighted areas, have had positive spin–off effects that no
other type of development could have matched due to the regional support for professional sports.
Not only did the facilities stimulate development in the immediate area, but it

Root, Root, Pay for the Home Team? Taxpayers Funding...
Root, Root, Pay for the Home Team?
Taxpayers Funding Professional Sports Stadiums
Kayla Thompson
MBA 578 SB FT
Managerial Economics
April 13, 2013
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper is to address the issue of the public (taxpayers) funding the construction
and/or renovation of privately owned sports stadiums. The use of public funds has skyrocketed since
the early 1980s. Why has there been an increase in the trend and what is really going on behind the
scenes? Through my research, I have found six articles that deal with many questions surrounding
this hot topic issue. First, I will examine how the sports teams and the local governments deal with
the public when proposing the funding of the sports teams' stadiums. After the ... Show more content
What sports fan doesn't like the idea of being able to help pay for his or her favorite team's stadium?
One might say that fans spend a lot of time and money there, so they would like the stadium to be
nice and new. It is quite possible that a new stadium could help the team's performance, or help with
the chance to hold a major event, such as the Super Bowl (at least these are perceived notions
among many sports fans.) The incentive to win or attend the Super Bowl seems pretty enticing to a
fan. Plus, without a new stadium, many owners threaten to leave town if they are denied help from
taxpayers. Can you imagine not having your favorite team in town anymore? The pride in having a
hometown team is not something to take lightly. The owners and the local government work
together to convince the residents of the city and local businesses that it'll all be worth it in the long
run thanks in part to the jobs and revenue being put into the city. Surely fans don't mind giving a
little bit of extra money out of their taxes if it means keeping their favorite team around for many
years to come while supplying jobs and extra revenue into local businesses.
But, the answer to the main question is not as simple as it may seem, especially to the uninformed
sports fan. Take a look at this topic from an economic point of view. Is there an actual economic
gain from having a new sports stadium? Professional sports teams are multimillion dollar
organizations themselves. Why

The New Wembley Stadium
Description of the project
The New Wembley Stadium was envisioned as the one of the most ambitious projects in the world.
It was called "the home of football" and considered to be one of the largest and glorious stadiums in
the world. The 133m arch looks breathtaking when lit up at night shining magnificently across
London. Wembley is known as England's icon of football. Football Association (FA) was the client
of the project and its subsidiary was the Wembley National Stadium Ltd (WNSL). The main
contractor involved in the project was Multiplex Constructions with Mott MacDonald being the
Lead Designers who designed it as a state–of–the–art stadium with a seating capacity of 90,000. The
project had two main project advisors; Tropus at the initial stages (1997–2001) and Capita Symonds
(2001–2006). The primary material supplier for steel and truss was Cleveland Bridge (Lewis, 2007).
Project successes
Now in the world the Wembley stadium is known for one of the best innovative stadium even
having lot of hindrances related to different segment of the project. The stadium has inbuilt
retractable roof which can be adjusted to allow sunlight to reach every inch of the pitch and cover
the seats during a bad weather. It not only host football games but also concert and Rugby game.
Moreover, it consists 2618 toilets ,34Bars,688 snacks bar and 250 types of grass.
Project issues
Lot of issues cropped up during the construction of the Wembley Stadium.
Indecisiveness of the management before the project began caused a lot of delays. The construction
was delayed for two years due to political and financial issues. It was supposed to get completed by
May 2006 for hosting the FA Cup final but was later transferred to Cardiff as per what Multiplex
had advised them.
Multiplex also sued the stadium designer Mott McDonald for £253m statin that he denied access to
the design information which led to the increased steelwork costs.
Initially during the construction and execution some minor problem arises which later on become
major hurdle in the project. Initially the problem started with the conflict between multiplex and
steel contractor company Cleveland Bridge. Focus Areas and Key Learnings.
The first focus area is Time

The Effects of Sports Teams and Stadiums on Cities Essay
The Effects of Sports Teams and Stadiums on Cities
What if a tax increase came to a city because of a sports team, would it be alright? Of course not,
right? Well, consider being told as a tax payer and being told it will help the economy of city to
build a stadium. However, a tax increase is never highly looked upon, and large companies sell
extraordinary economic growth, and cannot produce the promise. Area political leaders, local
community heads as well as owners of professional sports franchise sometimes claim that a pro
sports stadium ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the United States, new sports stadiums are commonly seen as a vital part of the redevelopment of
a city having a great economic growth with the production of jobs and a positive income builder.
After this, the owners of the pro sports teams with millions and millions of dollars of subsidies for
the construction of new stadiums and arenas and expect these facilities to generate economic
benefits exceeding these subsidies by large margins. However, a growing body of fact indicates that
professional sports facilities, and the franchises they are home to, may not be engines of economic
benefit anywhere claims Sachse, ". In reality, sports franchises typically account for a very small
proportion of the total economic output of the cities in which they reside." Some economical studies
on the amount of income and employment in US cities find no evidence of positive economic
benefits associated with past sports facility construction and some studies find that professional
sports facilities and teams have a net negative economic impact on income and employment. It just
shows that these results suggest that at best, professional sports teams and facilities provide non–
pecuniary benefits like civic pride, and a greater sense of community, along with consumption
benefits to those attending games and following the local team in the media; at worst, residents

Fans Are Not Like In Sports Stadiums
Each year thousands of people leave events because stadiums do not do much to encourage them to
come back. Without incentives, stadiums will lose many people at events and that results in a major
loss of income. In order for a stadium to be successful, owners must intimately know what fans
dislike, have a clear understanding of what they like, and figure out what fans want in sports
stadiums in order for them to come back. A big amount of money is made in stadiums when the
owners find out what the fans like seeing in the stadiums and even trying to make what they like
even better, like "The unique roof that redirects the noise onto the visitor's team sideline. This
definitely must be true since the Vikings are undefeated still, somehow (The ... Show more content
"Stadiums Race to Digitize: How Sports Teams Are Scrambling to Keep Millennials Coming to
Games – TechRepublic." TechRepublic. N.p., 2016. Web. 07 Dec. 2016.
@umbel. "10 Ways Stadiums & Venues Are Using Technology to Delight Fans & Keep Them
Coming Back." Umbel. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Dec. 2016.
Garrick, David. "Stadium Pursuit Facing Hurdles." Sandiegouniontribune.com. N.p., 2016. Web. 07
Dec. 2016.
"Food Options Lacking at University of Phoenix Stadium." USA Today. Gannett Satellite
Information Network, n.d. Web. 07 Dec.

The Installation of Technology in Sport Stadium Essay
"Goal!" The fans rise in celebration as the ball crosses the line. Or does it? The ball was just over the
line according to the referee. However, technology says otherwise. Over the years, there have been
many controversial calls in all sports. Human referees have always made mistakes. It has been
debated whether technology should take over refereeing. Some argue that technology will improve
the accuracy of calls in sports, while others claim that it will remove from the human aspect in
sports. Technology should not be used instead of referees in sports, because it is costly to operate,
occupies more time during matches, and takes away from the human element of sports.
Installation of technology in sports stadiums would require a lot of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Introducing technology to sports would result in frequent stoppages during games, and would take
away from the excitement of the matches.
Although many argue that technology will make decisions in sports more accurate, it is believed that
human error actually makes sports more exciting. Errors made by referees can create make games
more engaging for viewers and fun to watch. Next, technology puts a lot of pressure on referees to
make correct calls. Refereeing is a stressful job by itself, and technology would put more stress on
referees. Fans, because of available technology, will begin to lose respect for referees if they make
mistakes. In addition, sports are a human activity, and should remain this way. FIFA general
secretary Jerome Valcke says that, "we should trust and keep football as a human game" ("Goal–
line..."). Also, introduction of technology into sports would "miss a huge opportunity to educate
people about the role of uncertainty in science" (Pielke). Lastly, use of technology would increase
the risk of hacking and fake video footage (Pielke). In conclusion, human error is an essential part of
sports, and eliminating mistakes by introducing technology would make sports less exciting and
appealing.
Technology should not be used in refereeing in sports, since it is time–occupying, requires a lot of
funds to manage, and takes away the element of human error from sports. Referee errors do not
make a sport less

The Pros And Cons Of Sports Stadiums
Sports teams are a symbol of a cities pride. Take for example the Chicago Cubs. They create a sense
of loyalty toward that city. However, none of that would happen without a stadium. Stadiums and
teams can play a very important role in a cities economy, or they could also be irrelevant. To decide
whether or not they are useful or not you must first understand each side of the argument. So first,
let's examine the pros of having a stadium within your city. Then, we will discuss the harms of
having one. And finally, decide which side is more beneficial for the economy.
Proponents of subsidizing sports stadiums is a great decision because the economic impact it will
have on the community is great for two main reasons. First, sports stadiums are massive
construction projects. In fact, one could compare them to a medieval cathedral in their attempts to
dominate a skyline and inspire pride in one's city And, just like these cathedrals, they are very
expensive, and massive building projects that would require many years of hard painstaking labor.
For example, the proposed stadium for the Los Angeles Rams in Inglewood, California, was
predicted to cost $3 billion and add 22,000 construction jobs to the economy of Los Angeles,
California. Although construction jobs do eventually disappear once a stadium is constructed once
the games begin, so does the massive consumer spending. For example, more than 3.5 million
people saw the St. Louis Cardinals play at Busch Stadium in 2015.

Stadium Subsidies Research Paper
S.Turner
Stadium subsidies project
Building a stadium any city can cost the state a lot of money. However when it comes to Stadium
Subsidies project, I believe that the government providing should not be responsible for the cost .to
my upstanding government funding should be used to help those t6hat are in needed, not to build
stadiums. Throughout this paper I Will answer two questions below to address stadium subsidies.
What are the benefits to a town of building a new stadium and Can a new stadium revitalize a
decaying section of the city is the questions that I will be answer in a paragraph form.
What are the benefits to a town of building a new stadium? The benefits of building a stadium is that
when you get to constructing one it

Stadium And Arena Funding Case Study
Introduction and Case Study Participant:
The purpose of this research is to better understand how people think about sports organizations and
paying for their own stadiums or arenas or should the public foot the majority of the bill for the
stadium or arena through tax dollars. Also, to help organizations understand how to get proper
funding for new stadiums that could possibly be available. This is why more sports clubs choose a
form of commercial company as the tax treatment for the business. There are different aspects and
opinions that the public has when it comes to paying for stadiums through tax dollars and owners
paying for their own stadiums. The databases that were used for this research are: the Texas A&M
University– Commerce ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are many things that need to be taken in accounted for when it comes to Stadium and Arena
Funding. The biggest thing first would be what type of stadium or arena you are trying to fund. I
personally think that the tax payers should pay for half and the sports organizations should pay the
other half. The tax payers should help with some of the funding but also some of the responsible
should be put on the organizations to fund the other half needed. According to research, the public is
more likely to pay a tax on things like: broad–based taxes and special taxes. Special taxes are very
important when it comes to funding. When it comes to professional sports, it is a little different than
school sports for example, like a high school. In most high schools, the funding comes from a
property tax increase and also a government bond. The community is more likely to increase the
property taxes for a high school if the community is on board with the funding. Most high schools
have some type of alumni donations that can go to help the school in any way that is needed.
Keeping all this in mind, some school districts the public may vote against the property tax increase.
Most high schools might have a wealthier district than others, which could cause a vote against the
increase. There are many different things that can be taxed to help with stadium funding.
Professional sports are more likely to get public support for a new stadium. Professional sports
usually have a big fan base and serves a form of entertainment for fans. Professional teams also say
they will leave and go to another city, which in turn increases funds to keep that certain team in that
city. The communities in these cases do not want the team to go to another community and be
successful. Most communities are not against funding for stadiums but it depends on how the teams
go about it that is the most

Field At Dodger Stadium Research Paper
Being born and raised in Los Angeles, California, the article that intrigued me was "Dodgers asking
$12 million a year for naming rights to field", by Terry Lefton. In the eyes of some, commercialism
has saturated historical Major League Baseball stadiums with signage and advertisements plastered
across walls.
Today, America's third–oldest MLB venue is looking to challenge the MLB's legacy as the most
traditional sport by selling the naming rights to the field in Chavez Ravine, which has been home to
the Los Angeles Dodgers since 1962. In this manner, the stadium would be "X Corp." Field at
Dodger Stadium, various sources have disclosed. The naming rights have been available since early
spring with a soliciting cost of $12 million per season.

Reliant Stadium Essay
In the City of Houston, the interest in the world of sports has grown to tremendous heights over the
recent years due to winning teams, new teams and new sports facilities. Among these new facilities
is the new reliant stadium, which is home to a fairly new Houston Texans football team since 2002
and Minute Maid park home of the Houston Astros. Not long ago, things were much different.
Before Reliant stadium and Minute Maid we had the Astrodome. Instead of the Houston Texans, we
had the Houston Oilers. Both very capable football teams in two different arenas.
The man behind the creation was Judge Roy Hofheinz, who had a very uxorious apartment built
within the dome where he resided. Named the Eighth Wonder of the World when it opened in 1965
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
NFL football established itself in the Astrodome when the Houston Oilers began playing all their
home games there after the preseason exhibition game with the Washington Redskins in August of
1968. In 1987 the dome underwent a $100 million renovation, seating was expanded by 10,000 and
seventy–two luxury boxes were built, as well as being home of the Houston Astros and Houston
Oilers, the stadium has also hosted the United States Football League Houston gamblers, World
Football League Houston Texans and the University of Houston Cougars. In 1992 the Republican
Party held its national convention at the dome and the Oilers moved to Tennessee after the 1996
season. The Astros played their last game in the Astrodome on October 9, 1999, after which they
moved to the newly constructed Enron Field to start the 2000 season, today called Minute Maid
Park.
Mickey Mantle hit the first home run at the Astrodome, in an exhibition game causing the
scoreboard to flash "tilt". Judy Garland, the Supremes, Bob Dylan, the Rolling Stones, Elvis and
Michael Jackson played concerts there. Ali retained his heavyweight title and Evil Knievel jumped
13 cars on his motorcycle. Most of the events were before my time, but these are only just a few big

In-Stadium Business Analysis
Incentives for fans to attend live sporting events have arguably never been lower than they are today.
Ever–rising ticket prices, coupled with the increased affordability of high–quality home televisions,
have led many fans to choose to root for their team from the confines of their own home. Owners
and leagues, recognizing that fans now have less incentive to buy tickets than in year's past, are now
trying to make changes to their in–stadium product to ensure that the present–day apathy of fans
doesn't parlay into a loss of profits in the future. Among the changes being made to strengthen the
in–stadium experience are enhanced smart–phone integration into game–day activities and
partnerships with fantasy sports websites. When you take into ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Given how crucial these changes are to the industry's continued prosperity, all options must be
examine thoroughly as this is a decision that they can't afford to botch. In a blog post Clinton
Bonner, a senior manager in marketing for Appirio, suggested that the utilization of Google Glass–
esque technology within the stadium would be the way to go. Bonner suggests that fans would be
able to view instant replay, check their fantasy teams, and see the game from the point of view of
other seats within the stadium, using this technology. Others, as suggested in Morgan Lathrop and
Mark Cuban's respective blogs, are more skeptical of further utilization of gadgets and gizmos. They
speculate that these technologies may actually incentivize fans not to attend games. They don't think
a rational consumer would spend their hard–earned money on tickets, only to do what they could do
on their own couch: use their phone. The key to them is to give fans a reason to buy tickets by
giving them reason not to look down at their phone. They believe that a fan's experience at a game
should be similar to that of a family wedding that is a lot of fun regardless of whom you are with.
Another

Ownership In Stadiums

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Ownership In Stadiums

Similar to Ownership In Stadiums (18)

More from Jenny Calhoon

More from Jenny Calhoon (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Ownership In Stadiums