The Inventions Of The Late Nineteenth And Early Twentieth...

The Inventions Of The Late Nineteenth And Early Twentieth...
There were many inventions that were created in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
that had a huge impact on life in the United States. Some of these inventions were the telephone, the
electric light bulb, and the airplane. The telephone was created by Alexander Graham Bell, the light
bulb by Thomas Edison, and the airplane by Wilbur and Orville Wright. The telephone completely
changed how we communicate. Alexander Bell was a professor at Boston University when he built a
device that allowed people to see speech in the form of sound–wave vibrations. This made Mr. Bell
believe that somehow he could make sound waves turn into an electrical current and back into sound
waves. After lots of studying electricity and conducting lots
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The Industrial Revolution Of The Late Nineteenth And Early...
The industrial revolution of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century served as the impetus to
the creation of new technologies that helped interconnect various parts of the world. In essence,
technology was crucial to the development of a globalized economy. With the development of a
global economy companies began to expand beyond national borders and cater to citizens around
the world by becoming multinational corporations. These now global companies have not only
expanded their markets, but also rely on labor and raw materials from all around the world. For
example, PepsiCo Inc. employs a global workforce to drive their business, Apple Inc. acquires their
component supplies from companies spanning the globe, and The Boeing Company uses a global
distribution system in order to market their products to airlines in various regions of the world.
PepsiCo Inc. was established in 1965 with the merger of Pepsi–Cola and Frito–Lay. Ever since, the
company has been expanding its line of products via acquiring other companies and creating new
brands. For example, PepsiCo introduced the Doritos brand of tortilla chips in 1966, which became
an instant hit. Furthermore, in 1998 PepsiCo acquired Tropicana Products. Over the past 50 years,
PepsiCo has entered over 200 countries such as Japan, Russia, and India even though domestic sales
in the United States were very strong. In 2015, the company employed around 110,000 people in the
United States and over 263,000 around the world

The New Imperialism Of The Late Nineteenth Century
Melania Fernandez Professor MacLeod History 102 Final Exam May 9, 2016 PART I Part I: 2 Long
Essays (70 points) 2. What were the causes of the "New Imperialism" of the late nineteenth century?
What were some of the arguments to justify this imperialism? What were the results or
consequences of this imperialism? 4. Considering the period 1933 to 1945, analyze the economic,
diplomatic, and military reasons for Germany's defeat in the Second World War. Causes and Effects
of The New Imperialism in World Wars What is the New Imperialism and what were the cause and
effects in the World Wars in order to understand what is the "New Imperialism", we must first learn
and define Imperialism: a policy or practice by which a country increases its power by gaining
control over other areas of the world: the effect that a powerful country or group of countries has in
changing or influencing the way people live in other, poorer countries. The New Imperialism takes
on effects in the late 19th century this is when there is an interest or wanting to gain a imperial
territory, Imperialism is also consider to be when there is a desire to control a trading routes and
resources in a nation. A perfect example of the New Imperialism is called the "Scramble for Africa",
this is when Europe tries to takes control over Africa. In the late 19th century Europe struggle to
destabilize and to balance the power that they once had before Italy and Germany became unify. The
rise of many non European

The Rise Of The Late Nineteenth Century And Early...
The late nineteenth century and early twentieth century was a time of strife in Vietnam.
Transitioning from an independent to a colonized country caused the Vietnamese to resent their
home land. With the rise of the soviet and their system of communism, the weak Vietnam was bound
to be penetrated by the dominating power. With internal disunity and rebellions due to a pro–
catholic president in a Buddhist dominant society, the defense of the country was marred. Since
defense was down, take overs had begun and caused the beginning of a war that was mistakenly
drawn out for over ten years which also caused the deaths and wounds of over millions of men. The
truth of the war compared to the war that was envisioned, brought disappointment to the main power
leading the frail South Vietnamese, the United States. The involvement of such a pugnacious
country brought anguish to the poor region. With the waste of lives, time, and money, U.S
involvement was one of the most unnecessary occurrences to the history of both the United States
and Vietnam. One of the most prominent foundation of the fear was the speech given by Eisenhower
in 1954. Labeled "the domino theory," Eisenhower proposed the theory in concern to communism in
Indochina. The theory soon became the justification for many presidents to perform ill–advised
plans. The involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War was ultimately a mistake. 4 | Page
Introduction A war that everyone in

Working Conditions During Late Nineteenth Century
Working Conditions in Late Nineteenth Century
From New Era to Great Depression, 1920–1932
The Great Depression is a global financial crisis that affected developed nations in 1930. Although
nations started experiencing its onsets towards the end of 1929, most developed countries felt its
impacts in 1930. However, when it ended different countries experienced signs of recovery in the
late 1930. Most importantly is the occurrence of Wall Street Crash that took place in 1929, where it
was seen as the interchangeable term that used for Great Depression. Apparently, this event
emanated from the US and is considered as one of the causes of the Depression. Although, the
occurrence of the depression took place after the collapse of the stock market exchange, the
depression did not arise because of the collapse of the exchange. Therefore, this paper seeks to
illustrate the causes of the Great Depression.
Overpopulation
Overpopulation is a critical issue that resulted in the Great Depression. Apparently, the challenge did
not affect industrial producing companies only, but also the Agricultural sector. In the early 1920s,
farmers in the US were producing much less food that could not sustain the entire population.
Because of the drop in the prices of land, the agricultural sector started to fail resulting in a decrease
in food production because of a fall in demand. For this reason,
unemployment rose in the US. On the other hand, industries were affected because they could not

Charles Darwin's Immigration Policy In The Late Nineteenth...
Charles Darwin developed a theory of biological evolution that stated all species evolved from other
species through natural selection. Herbert Spencer followed up with this theory by coining the
phrase 'survival of the fittest' as a way to describe natural selection. This theory grew among
scientist, but the Fundamentalist Christians opposed Darwinism because it goes against their core
beliefs. Some used it as a way to justify classifying some people as second–rate and how they
treated those people. Darwinism also played a major role in America's immigration policy and
furthermore is one of the main reason for the start of World War I.
Darwin's theory of evolution had a significant impact on the U.S. immigration policy in the late
nineteenth century. Politicians using the scientific justification enacted laws to limit the immigration
of those they did not believe were worthy of becoming Americans. Politicians justified this
"pseudoscience movement seeking to influence immigration law by invoking eugenic ideas to limit
immigration to members of ethnic groups whom eugenicists consider biologically superior"
(Eugenics Movement, 2011). The federal Immigration Act of 1924, "established an immigrant quota
system based on country of origin. Eugenicists believed that the limitations would rescue the ...
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People such as Adolf Hitler used Social Darwinism and Eugenics to justify classifying some people
as inferior and the genocide of those people. "A substantial case can be made for social Darwinism
as one of the significant factors that led to the war" (Keas, 2010). "Hitler believed that the human
gene pool could be improved by using selective breeding similar to how farmers breed superior
cattle strains. Hitler's government relied heavily upon Darwinism, development and implementation
of policies designed to protect the superior race" (Bergman,

Late Nineteenth-Century American Imperialism Dbq Analysis
During the period of time between the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, America
was going through major changes. After a revolution in Cuba against the Spanish, and America's
intervening to start the Spanish–American War, the Americans received a lot of land from their
defeated opponent. America then started on the path to imperialism, gaining many more territories in
a short amount of time. Such an expansion was a continuation of past United States expansionism,
while also departing with past expansionism. The United States expansionism of the late nineteenth–
and early twentieth–centuries was a clear continuation of the social and cultural principles of the
nation's past expansionism; however, it was more of a departure ... Show more content on
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Imperialism was more of a competition than western expansion, America was competing with other
nations in its race to secure more territory. Japan's defeat of China in the Sino–Japanese War allowed
for countries to split up China's territories and take political and economic control. The political
cartoon by Thomas Nast portrays the nations Britain, Germany, and Russia grabbing up free
territory to gain control (Doc 1). His point of view is crucial to point out considering he was an anti–
imperialist but his cartoon still shows that countries were power hungry increasing the competition
for America (point of view). In his 1899 book The Interest of America in Sea Power, Alfred T.
Mahan expressed the need for America to prevent foreign acquisition of ideal territories that would
serve American economic interests. He also mentioned the pressure that other expanding empires
were exerting upon the United States to acquire crucial territories before another power did (Doc
3).Mahan's point of view is that imperialism is necessary for the benefit of the protection of
territories in the Atlantic Ocean from foreign imperial powers such as Germany and other foreign
powers and for the economy (point of view). Theodore Roosevelt answered this demand by
supporting going into the Spanish–American war, for the new territory. Roosevelt ordered the taking
of Manila Bay from Spain's

The Intervention Of Movies In The Late Nineteenth Century
In today's society, one could never imagine a life without movies or necessities such as youtube
videos to watch. I do not recall ever thinking or wondering about what kind of entertainment/
technology individuals in the "olden days" had access to. This section in the Artforms textbook has
taught me about the unknown."Before the advent of movies in the late nineteenth century, it was
discovered that looking at rapidly changing short sequences of still drawings gave the illusion of
motion" (page 159). People discovered that an action such as flipping a stack of pictures of the same
object only in different areas created a sense of motion. In other words, they created flip books.
Cinematography, the art of photography and camera work in film

Urbanization In The Late Nineteenth Century
Urbanization in the United States in the late nineteenth century resulted from a number of factors, in
particular the rise of commercial activity following the Civil War and the industrialization of the
period. During that post–bellum period, cities grew along with a rising population of those residing
in the cities. Although those two factors might, at first, appear to be the same, they are, in fact,
different. In one early study from immediately after the period (Jefferson, 1915), scholars observed
that American cities grew by about 15 million people in the two decades before 1900. Immigration
from other countries certainly featured significantly in that growth, but the industrial revolution also
played a significant role (Schultz, 2013,

Describe how the second industrial revolution of the late...
Describe how the second industrial revolution of the late nineteenth century differed from the first
industrial revolution of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century.
This paper intends to compare the first industrial revolution of the 17th and 18th centuries and the
second industrial revolution of the mid–18th and 19th centuries. It will highlight the transformation
from the first revolution to the second revolution, focusing on the presence of giant firms and role of
science and technology in economic activities. Additionally, it will introduce the two worldly
philosophers Karl Marx and Adam Smith on these issues.
The industrial revolution of 17th and 18th centuries saw the transformation of Britain from a
Neolithic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Not only did the introduction of petrol engines made transportation more faster, it also helped with
the development of the aircraft engine which meant that transportation of good was efficient. The
medical science developed rapidly in 1850s various vaccines were discovered and x–ray facilities
were made available to doctors which created a more efficient way of diagnosing illness. For
instance, the 1919 influenza epidermis saw the development of anti–flu vaccines which made a
remarkable milestone in the development of drugs. Prior to this discoverer it was common
knowledge for people to blame certain aliment and natural occurrences as a punishment on God for
sins committed e.g. 1755 Lisbon earthquake in Portugal. (Auerbach 2013)
The remarkable element of changes in industrial revolution was the sharp increase in output of the
newly technologically advanced industries. In 1701, the importation of raw cotton for spinning
weight 1 million, however, a drastic increase by 1781 was 5million. Likewise textile technology by
1784 it was over 11million pound, nonetheless a massive increase by 1799 to 43million. (Hammond
and Hammond 1937, p 162).
The first industrial revolution emerged with small scale of industry which was managed mainly by
the owners. Consequently, Workers and owners had good relationships, but productivity was low.
However, the second revolution emerged with big

The Awakening: An Emergence of Women's RIghts in the Late...
The Awakening: An Emergence of Women's Rights in the Late Nineteenth Century Kate Chopin's
The Awakening addresses the role of women within society during the late nineteenth century. The
novel is set in South Louisiana, a place where tradition and culture also play a vital role in societal
expectations. The novel's protagonist, Edna Pontellier, initially fulfills her position in society as a
wife and as a mother while suppressing her urges to live a life of passion and freedom. Edna's
relationship with her husband, Léonce Pontellier, represents her expected role in a marriage that
lacks passion and excitement. Edna's relationship with her lover, Robert Lebrun, represents her
indulgence in her passion and freedom. Chopin juxtaposes the ... Show more content on
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Kate Chopin came from a traditional Creole family. Chopin incorporated many aspects of New
Orleans life in her writings and included much local color (Pontuale). South Louisiana is full of
tradition and culture. Creole culture is well known for its lively music and colorful art. Social
gatherings and balls were prominent in a wealthy society. In the story, Edna Pontellier feels like an
outcast amidst a society of Creoles and recognizes "their absence of prudery" (Chopin 12). Mr.
Pontellier's character portrays a typical husband of this time period. Clearly, The Awakening
challenges the role of a woman in nineteenth century society. A woman's purpose is centered on
childbirth and child rearing. Women are expected to naturally receive pleasure from motherhood.
According to Stone, birthing is a symbol for the rebirth of Edna as an artist. Stone argues that Edna
shows progress throughout the novel and becomes more "self–defined," rather than passive and
regressive as argued by many scholars additionally. Birth also becomes a symbol for spiritual
rebirth. The sea is also a powerful symbol for Edna's rebirth of a new self (Stone 23–26). "The voice
of the sea speaks to the soul," (Chopin 18). Ultimately, when she commits suicide, she has
completely been reborn and achieved independence. A woman's traditional role during the late
nineteenth century is to live for her

Westward Expansion In The Late Nineteenth Century
During the late nineteenth century, the most defining themes for this century are the westward
expansion of the United States. During 1803, President Thomas Jefferson once said, "Those who
labor in the earth, are the chosen people of God". Meaning that in order to sustain the population
that is expanding each and every day we have to provide land in order to sustain everyone's life.
President Thomas Jefferson also doubled the size of the United States by purchasing the Louisiana
Purchase from the French government for fifteen million dollars. Manifest Destiny is known for, "
Spirit of the Frontier". Manifest Destiny represents an abstract idea of the westward expansion; she
is also a representation of a figure that has some impression to pioneers and settlers to expand
westward for an opportunity that is worth seeking for. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
John o' Sullivan the man who was known for being an influential writer and newspaper editor first
initiated the Westward Expansion. The Westward Expansion is based on the belief of bring racial
superiority and cultural belief into other nations and its obligation is to bring civilization and
enlightenment to other

Abortion During The Late Nineteenth-Century
Every year 1,511,300 infant lives are taken; 1,500,000 are victims of abortion, not including
countries other than our own. If a mother were to kill her child after it were born it would be
considered murder, so why is it that when a mother is growing her child inside of her there are no
legal consequences for aborting her child?
Over a span of several lifetimes, and in a variety of cultures, there is history of women helping each
other to abort. Over time the harmful and dangerous affects were becoming known and once these
methods became more and more popular during the late nineteenth– century, states began to prohibit
abortions. Abortion became a crime and a sin for several reasons. This was a dangerous procedure
carried out with crude methods, few antiseptics, and high mortality rates. But this alone cannot
explain the resentment towards abortion.
In the 1890s, doctors estimated that there were two million abortions a year in the U.S, compared to
the one and a half million today. Women who are determined not to carry an unwanted pregnancy
have always found some way to try to abort. All too often, they have resorted to dangerous,
sometimes deadly methods, such as inserting knitting needles or coat hangers, one of the most
symbolic signs of desperation of women who have risked death to end their pregnancy, into the
vagina and uterus. Douching with dangerous solutions like lye or swallowing strong drugs or
chemicals were also ways for mothers to abort. Not only are

Condition of African-Americans in the late nineteenth...
Examine the condition of African–Americans in the late nineteenth century and explain why the
Thirteenth Amendment, the Fourteenth Amendment, and the Fifteenth Amendment, which were
enacted to aid the new freedmen, actually did little.
In the late nineteenth century after the civil war the U.S. was over, there were about 4 million people
that were once slaves that were now set free. The big question for President Lincoln and the
presidents that followed was what to do with them? Even though the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and
Fifteenth Amendments were passed to free and aid the freed slaves it actually did very little to help
them at all because many other events that took place, which prevented them from working.
The white southern ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the sharecropping the Jim Crowe laws were passed, which it illegal for blacks to quite their
sharecropping job until all their debts are paid. This kept black working in sharecropping as well as
keeping them in debt.
The Slaughter–House decision by the Supreme Court limited the power of the Fourteenth
Amendment. It declared that the Jim Crowe laws were state laws and that they could not over turn
them because the federal government did not have power over state laws. It also declared that
national citizenship and state citizenship were different. In the U.S. v. Cruikshank the court ruled
that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give the federal government power to act against the whites,
who attacked a meeting of blacks and conspired deprive them of their rights, and they said that the
duty of protecting equal rights for citizens was in the states hands. So the federal government could
not do anything about one person violating another's civil rights that lived in the same state.
The Fifteenth Amendment gave black males over the age of 21 the right to vote. However, southern
states set up poll taxes and literacy test in order to keep most blacks from voting. In order to keep
the white votes they set up the grandfather clause, which allowed the seventy–five percent of the
poor illiterate white people to still vote if they were the son or grandson of someone who was
eligible to vote before 1867.
During reconstruction a group formed in the south called the Ku Klux

Andrew Carnegie: Steel Industry In The Late Nineteenth...
Andrew Carnegie was well known for being in the steel industry and a philanthropist in the late
nineteenth century.Andrew Carnegie was born on November 25,1835 and died on August 11,1919 at
the age of eighty three.Him and his family came to the United States from Dunfermline when he
was only thirteen years old,after his family was in poverty.Andrew had grown up in a family that
believes in books and learning and because of this he is an avid reader. His father passed away in
1885 which made Andrew more determine to work to support his family.Before Andrew was
successful, he had worked many jobs such as working in factory and working as a telegraph
operator.Andrew had made money by making investments in steel mills.He was a scottish
immigrant

The Colonization Of Africa During The Late Nineteenth Century
Imperialism occurs when a strong nation takes over a weaker nation or region for economic,
political, or social reasons. This type of foreign policy was practiced by European nations
throughout the 1800s and early 1900s. Began in 1870s, Europeans started to colonize Asia and
Africa by using military force to take control of local governments and exploited local economies
for raw materials required by Europe's growing industry.
The takeover of Africa during the late nineteenth century has been known as the scramble for Africa.
Africa was introduced to Europeans by missionaries and explorers who engaged in humanitarian
and religious work but others saw the economic potential of the region. In 1876, King Léopold II of
Belgium organized the International African Association which allowed the nation to gain more
territory into the Congo basin through the treaties with African chiefs. Between 1885 and 1914
Britain, France, Germany and Belgium had territories all over Africa.
Similar takeovers happened in Asia as well. Asia was opened to the West by the Opium War of
1839–1841, which was caused when the Chinese wanted to regulate the inflow of opium that was
purchased from the British East India Company. A decade and a half later, Britain and France
combined in a second war upon China in order to force the Chinese government to receive their
diplomats and deal with traders. They destroyed the emperor's Summer Palace and looted valuable
Chinese art. As a result, the treaty of

Cigarettes In The Late Nineteenth Century
According to archaeological studies, cigarettes are wild plants in the Americas from around 8,000
years ago. About 2,000 years earlier cigarettes were chew and attracted by Native Americans,
especially as at religious ceremonies. The first European to discover the main tobacco was
Christopher Columbus, who discovered America in the late 15th century and early 16th century. In
1531, tobacco was brought back to Europe and was first planted in Santo. Domingo (now part of the
Republic of Dominique) and later spread throughout Europe. In the seventeenth century, cigarettes
also followed the westerners to Asia. If ealier the use of cigarettes was relatively diversified from
vacuum aspiration to smoking, chewing and inhaling, in the second half of the nineteenth century,
when tobalco was manufactured that made cigarette production became easier and quicker. The first
machines produced an average of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In particular, the proportion of smokers increased significantly during the world wars due to the
provision of free tobacco to soldiers as a means of mental reinforcement.
Cigarettes come from a trend that turns into a habit; That is harmful to human health not only for
direct smokers, but also more severely for passive smokers.
According to statistics in the 20th century the world over 100 million people died of tobacco–related
diseases. However, the proportion of smokers has not decreased, or even increased due to the
limited understanding of the harmful effects of tobacco smoke, knowledge is limited.
Anti–smoking campaigns are booming to warn people who are, will and will smoke about the harm.
One in many anti–smoking oganizations is CONAC, a non–profit organization, the Chilean
Corporation Against Cancer, featured this advertisement in their 'Smoking is Murder' campaign in

Agrarian Discontent in Late Nineteenth Century Essay
Agrarian Discontent in Late Nineteenth Century
At the end of the nineteenth century the American farmers faced many problems. Industrialization of
the farms caused many farm workers to loose their jobs. Many farmers began raising only one crop
in large amounts, which led to deflation. This meant ruin for many farmers, since they had to pay
back the debts they owed for land and machinery. The railroads, corporations and processors made
the situation even worse by organizing together and regulating crop prices.
The mechanization of agriculture created a lot of problems for the western farmers. New machinery
made crop production much easier and faster. This caused many farm workers to loose their jobs,
because such machines as the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However the deflation was not entirely their fault. The government was also to blame, since
throughout the late nineteenth century it maintained a relatively static money supply. The population
from 1865 to 1895 almost doubled, however money in circulation only increased by about fifty
percent. In his acceptance speech, William McKinley said "Debasement of currency means
destruction of values. No one suffers so much from the cheap money as the farmers and laborers. "
This was true, since many farmers were unable to pay off their mortgages. The bankers charged
interest rates of up to 40 percent on loans and forced many farmers into bankruptcy.
Along with the bankers, the government also cashed in on the farmer's land. They had to pay huge
taxes on the land to local, state and national government. Protective tariffs also decreased he
farmer's profits, while benefiting the manufacturers in the east.
Another problem for the farmer was the railroad. The "octopus", as the farmers called it, could
charge extremely high freight rates on their crop. In his book, The Octopus, Frank Norris described
the situation of how Dyke, a farmer, was exploited by the railroad. After realizing that the rate was
now five cents, Dyke said in astonishment, "Well that ruins me, I won't make fifty cents. Make?
Why, I will owe..." This was true since for many farmers it was often more profitable to burn their
crop then to ship it. The railroad

Late Nineteenth Century
In the late 1800's, farmers believed that the railroad companies were strangling away their profits
and the government was in favor of big business thus justifying their feelings of discontent.". The
farmers had every right to be upset about their situation because the government saw a need for
reform which alludes to the fact that problems existed, the railroads had a monopoly on shipping
which raised costs and affected profit margins, the value of crops had deflated, and big business was
hostile towards farmers.
Documents A–H reveal some of the problems that many farmers in the late nineteenth century
(1880–1900) saw as threats to their way of life. Using the documents and your knowledge of the
period, (a) explain the reasons for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Crops such as cotton and wheat, once the sustenance of the agriculture industry, were selling at
prices so low that it was nearly impossible for farmers to make a profit off them. Furthermore,
improvement in transportation made it easier for foreign competition to gain the upper hand, making
it harder for American farmers to dispose of extra crops that had accumulated. To do this, many
railroads offered rebates and drawbacks to larger shippers who used their rails. As a result of the
agricultural depression, many farm groups, most notably the Populist Party, arose to fight what
farmers saw as the reasons for the decline in agriculture. The railroads regularly used rebates and
drawbacks to help win the business of large shippers, and made up this loss in profit by increasing
the cost to smaller shippers such as farmers. However, in many ways, the railroads hurt small
shippers and farmers. During the last twenty years of the nineteenth century, many farmers in the
United States saw monopolies and trusts, railroads, and money shortages and the loss in value of
silver as threats to their way of life, though in many cases their complaints were not valid. Finally,
years of drought in the Midwest and the downward spiral of business in the 1890's devastated many
of the nation's farmers. Thus, the farmers of the late nineteenth century had a valid complaint against
railroad shippers, for these farmers were hurt by the unfair practices

Realism And Realism Of The Late Nineteenth Century
Over the course of the late nineteenth century, there were two literary movements that could be
easily defined as influential and can be pointed to as to have directly contributed to the quality of
literature we have today. The two, realism and naturalism were both movements that occurred in
American, European and English literature that encompass the feelings of early well–known writers
such as Edith Warton, Stephen Crane, Jack London, and of course, perhaps the figurehead of
naturalistic literature, Emile Zola. A great number of other early writers utilized this technique, just
emphasizing the importance and popularity of it. A large number of these works have been linked as
and cited as direct inspiration to certain literature still produced today. There can be many different
ways to interpret these works and the author's intention of what they are trying to portray, so the
works can be discussed today as well. Of the two, naturalism is the movement that can be
considered a derivative of realism. While the two share some similarities, naturalism is different
enough to also be considered an alternative to realism (Norton 10). Naturalism, in contrast to
realism, considers forces outside of human control as shaping their environment and as a result,
much of their work contains impoverished or otherwise disabled characters that can't escape their
surroundings. Naturalism depicts work that is "scientific, thus truly realistic" (Norton 10) and paints
an image of life in urban

Handlin's Views On Immigration In The Late Nineteenth Century
America as a nation is made up of immigrants from all over the world ranging from all across
Europe to China. Many immigrants faced discrimination and had to completely conform to this new
world they came to. Oscar Handlin and Mark Wyman have very different views on immigration in
the late nineteenth century. Handlin's view on immigration included how immigrants were alienated
from this new world known as America and after being partially Americanized and their old
homelands did not recognize them anymore as citizens. Wyman's views were different from
Handlin's views because he thought that immigrants were only in America for such a short time
because they came for opportunity. Wyman states that immigrants were not uprooted from the
homelands because they still practiced their beliefs and did not see America as their final
destination. Both authors make very excellent points but Handlin makes better points by realizing
most immigrants did lose their dignity and lost many of their traditions of their homelands by
becoming Americanized, immigrants were being uprooted in the late nineteenth century. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He was a professor at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts as well as a Pulitzer Prize–
winning historian. He has personally wrote and edited more than one hundred books, including
Liberty in Expansion and coauthored with Lilian Handlin the book The Distortion of America 2nd
ed. (p.479–480) Mark Wyman is also a legitimate writer and also a professor at Illinois State
University and the author of Round–Trip to America: The Immigrant Returns to Europe which was
published in the Cornell University Press in 1993. (p. 482) Both authors are obviously very
intelligent men who views on immigration is completely different and both make incredible points
but I personally believe that Handlin is more credible with his

Essay on The Growing Economic Crisis of the Late...
APUSH Document Analysis and Questions Packet
The Growing Economic Crisis of the Late Nineteenth Century
Part A. 1. What did John D. Rockefeller believe was the key to stabilizing the oil industry? He
believed that centralizing the administration, hard–working people that applied themselves and work
together, and a monopoly – owning as much as they can – would stabilize the oil industry.
2. What were the weaknesses of each of the following methods of stabilizing the industry? a.
Agreement: agreement was when each competitor agreed to certain standard prices and policies, but
it was easily and quickly broken because people did not keep their promises ad people saw the
chance to undersell the rival. b. Pool: the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Explain how prices of coal, steel rails, and copper in 1871, 1876, and 1879 relate to points on the
graph of the business cycle. The graph shows in 1871 there was an industrial overexpansion boom
that resulted in the production of railroads; this called for more materials and caused the increase in
price for the steel rails in the Document F chart. In 1876 there was there was the secondary post war
depression causing things to go under causing the price of items to decline, causing the lower copper
and steel rail prices in the chart. And in 1879 there was the gold resumption boom caused the prices
to go down. All in all the prices of coal went down because of the over expansion, which led to less
money being made to pay the employees, causing the rates to go up and down. 7. From the
documents, what inferences can you make about the "disastrous effects of the business cycle" for
each group below: d. Corporations: when the price of products went down, the more of the product
that was made. But the cycle got better during the "War Boom", but went down during the "post war
depression." e. Workers: the workers were given less money when the prices of the goods decreased.
Part C. 8. In what way do the above documents on labor union membership and the Knights of
Labor philosophy reflect concerns of J.P. Morgan? The chart shows the rising number of workers,
but an unstable number of union members,

Mark Twain: Late Nineteenth And Early Twentieth Century
Mark Twain is known as one of the greatest American authors and writer of the late nineteenth and
early twentieth century. Countless people know of Mark Twain's stories; however, you may only
know to a certain extent information about his life. Samuel Langhorne Clemens is also known as
Mark Twain, was born on November 30, 1835 in the ordinary town of Florida, Missouri. He was one
of seven children, and was the second to last child born. Mark's family had a very unfortunate set of
kinsfolk. Several of Twain's siblings died and didn't make it throughout their childhood. Only a part
of his siblings survived, his brother Henry, Orion, and his sister Pamela. At the age of 11 his father
died of pneumonia so Mark decided to leave school and become a printer's apprentice for the
Hannibal Journal to help aid his struggling family. He knew that even though he was no longer
attending school that no matter where he went in life, he could always educate himself by life
experiences and by reading at his local library in the evenings. Mark worked as a printer from the
ages of 18–22 traveling from Missouri to New York, Philadelphia, and St. Louis. He has traveled all
over the world, including the Sandwich Islands (now known as the state of Hawaii). Having said
that; he should have an advantage compared to other stationary writers. His ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
He compares the two since both are prized because of its rarity. In the next stanza, he proceeds to
tell us that geniuses are people who are weird, wild, and incomprehensible with astonishing facility
or in easier words, something that stands out from the ordinary. He tells us all this just to shut it
down stating that they would go and "get booming drunk and sleep in the gutter." I believe he says
this just to bring geniuses into a category that separates them from normal people. Also that while
they may be geniuses they still get blinded and do reckless activities at

Late Nineteenth Century and Labor Force
The late nineteenth century (1875–1900), having just witnessed the long years of Reconstruction,
left America in the spirit of change. This ardor led to the creation of new technological
advancements such as the remodeled sewing machine but most importantly it changed the way
workers wanted to be treated and payed. But during this time, organized labor was unsuccessful in
improving the working conditions of laborers due to the abundance of violent attacks and the
inability to overcome different backgrounds. The federal government efforts to destroy labor union
strikes were fruitful during The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 (Document B) and The Homestead
Strike in 1892 (Document G). The Great Railroad Strike started with a devastating stock market
crash and depression in 1873. Thousands of businesses were forced to close down and others forced
to drastically reduce pay and fire their workers. Years later on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad,
which is mentioned in Document B, railroad laborers working on these lines striked because of the
reductions in their pay. According to the New York Times in 1877, this revolt was hopeless, and
hopeless it was. The great strike, which consisted of 45 days severely punished the economy that is
until President Rutherford B. Hayes called out the militia. Two weeks after the calling of the militia
almost 100 people died. America's railroads stood still but America's railroad workers still did not
receive the wages they rightfully deserved.

Africa In The Late Nineteenth Century
At the point when the Period of Dominion started in 1875, it affected Africa from multiple points of
view. No place was the opposition for provinces more extraordinary than in Africa. Europeans
followed North and South Africa part up the mainland. Egypt and Sudan were assumed control by
England to acquire the Suez Trench. Colonialism added to Africa's economy and transformed it into
a landmass of provinces.
Until well into the 1800's Africa was generally obscure to Europeans. They controlled under ten
percent of the landmass. By 1882 England, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Spain were all asserting
parts of Africa. In 1900, they had partitioned ninety percent of Africa into states. Albeit European
boats had for a considerable length of time exchanged at ports along the coast, they brought back
little learning of Africa's inside. Later Europeans began investigating the mainland. The best known
of these travelers was David Livingstone. This Scottish teacher put in thirty years in focal Africa,
and gave Europeans their initially itemized data about Africa and its kin.
In the mid–1800's Africa south of the Sahara contained more than seven hundred diverse ethnic
gatherings. Most were composed into groups in view of ties of custom and family. Once in a while,
an effective gathering framed a state that was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Suez was critical to England. Guarding the trench turned into a basic piece of England's outside
approach. Subsequently, when battling softened out up 1882, England assumed control over the
territory and transformed Egypt into a protectorate. Next the English turned their thoughtfulness
regarding Sudan. Water from the Nile Stream was crucial to the general population of Egypt. The
English trusted that they needed to control the headwaters of the Nile to protect Egypt and the
channel. In this manner, in 1898 England vanquished Sudan and made it an apartment

The Nixon Shock: The Rapid Industrialization During The...
The Nixon shock, the end of Bretton Woods The rapid industrialization during the late nineteenth
century imposed a greater need for countries to expand their economy via global commerce.
Moreover, in the United States, the harsh economic realities of the Panic of 1893 encouraged
Americans to look for new conduits to stabilize the economy beyond its borders. Consequently,
leaders and thinkers in a country rich with isolationist traditions of avoiding permanent or
entangling alliance embraced sympathetic views toward engagement in global commerce. For
example, McKnight Nichols presented a diverse group of isolationist figures, Senators, Henry Cabot
Lodge and William Borah, a noted philosopher and psychologist, William James, a progressive
writer, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Kennedy's administration followed Eisenhower's administration by continuing to view military
spending abroad as the culprit for the balance of payments deficit. Indeed, a telegram dated
September 12, 1961 from the U.S. Department of States to the U.S. embassy in the Federal Republic
of Germany showed an effort to reduce U.S. military expenditure in West Germany. The telegram
showed that the Defense and Treasury department's desire to negotiate with the West German
government to repay the U.S. for the cost of maintaining U.S. troops in West Germany. Still, the
date of the telegram further revealed the urgency to correct the balance of payments deficit. Just a
few months earlier on June 4, 1961, in a private meeting, the Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev
warned the newly elected U.S. President Kennedy that the Soviet Union was prepared to defend the
sovereignty of East Germany and wanted the Western Allies out of Berlin. As the Soviet premier
departed, Kennedy closed the conversation by saying "It would be a cold winter" This meeting of
course was the beginning of the Berlin Crisis that lasted until early November. Thus, it seemed
astounding to request an allied to reimburse for the cost of providing defense against the Soviet
Union, especially at the Cold War Frontline. Unfortunately the military spending cuts abroad cuts
was not enough, subsequently, on July 18, 1963, President Kennedy delivered a special message to
the Congress of the United States on the balance of payments. In the message, Kennedy discussed
five goals to achieve a favorable balance of payments. First, to expand of exports, convened a White
House conference to expand export. Second, to limit dollars leaving the country, create awareness
that encouraged Americans to travel within America rather than abroad. Third, to restrain
government expenditure abroad, assess foreign defense and aid budgets. Fourth, to reduce the
outflow of short–term capital, the Treasury Department and the Federal

In The Late Nineteenth Century, Fourteen Countries Attended
In the late nineteenth century, fourteen countries attended a conference in Berlin to settle disputes
over colonized land in the Congo Basin of Africa. Attendees spent months sitting around a table,
which at the center laid an inaccurate map of the African continent. Here, they determined each
country 's claim and divided the continent based on resources, location, and convenience for the
European Powers without a single African leader present. The product of this conference, The
General Act of the 1885 Conference of Berlin, created the parameters by which European Powers
could and would colonize Africa. This Conference, and the General Act created by it, prompted the
Scramble for Africa as countries colonized land to gain resources ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
With the ability to reach new territories and a drive to quickly colonize inferior people's land for
monetary gains, Africa became sought after by many European countries.
A key issue created by this rapid seizure of Africa was the disputes over land claims. Major forces of
the Colonialism, such as Britain, France, and Portugal, were joined by three new opponents,
Germany, Italy, and Belgium, which all became independent states only a few decades earlier
(Crump 298). These new countries were able to match the great powers by creating considerable
industrial sectors (Blanning 225). The largest controversy was over the Congo, which three
countries believed they had a claim: Belgium, France, and Portugal. Belgium's King Leopold II sent
explorers such as Henry Morton Stanley to study the region of the Congo (Chamberlain 50).
Leopold claimed to be providing education and religious teachings to the indigenous people. In
actuality, he created political treaties with kings and tribal leaders in the region that transferred
sovereignty of the area to him. France had settled a town in the Congo Basin in 1849 called
Libreville (McKown 53). Specifically, Libreville was located in Gabon along the mouth of the
Ogoué River, north of the Congo River. The French settled in this area, believing

Imperialism In The Late Nineteenth-Century
In the late nineteenth–century the European nations, the United States, and Japan were now
intending to own considerable amounts of the world. This came about because of the demand of
industrial resources and business antagonism for new market inflamed competition for African and
Asian territory. In 1876 the British Government announced that they were an empire, after seizing
India. Many other governments at this time were following the British government. These event are
what started imperialism. By definition imperialism is, "a policy of extending a country's power and
influence through diplomacy or military force." With the growth of imperialism Nationalism also
grew. Gaining territory was considered a huge victory to the imperialist.

Essay on The Plight of the Late Nineteenth Century...
The Plight of the Late Nineteenth Century American Farmer
From the early beginnings of America to well into the nineteenth century, America has been
dominantly an agricultural country. Farming and the country life have always been a great part of
the American culture. Thomas Jefferson even expressed his gratitude for the farming class by saying
Those who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God, if ever He had a chosen people, whose
breasts He, has made His peculiar deposit for substantial and genuine virtue.
The American culture was built upon farming and agriculture but since the end of the civil war and
the abolition of slaves, things have changed dramatically to the American lifestyle. This time
brought on the Industrial ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main goal for this party was to try and solve the problems which plagued most of the farmers
around the country. In the election of 1896, the Populists almost captured the seat in the oval office,
but were unsuccessful. In the end they failed. The farmers in the late nineteenth century were
plagued with many different problems which the Populist Party sought to resolve but in the end by
not gaining control of the executive branch failed.
Many different things attributed to the plight in the late nineteenth century of the farmers. The
American farmer faced many problems from the protective tariffs which caused great
overproduction of foods such as corn, wheat, and cotton (docs 3,5), speculation in farm products,
over–greedy middlemen, and exorbitant transportation rates. The farmers in the west were also
losing money to banks in the east. The banks were giving the farmers a high interest rate which they
could not easily pay. (doc 2) The transportation rates put the farmers in debt greatly. To find new
markets to sell their goods, farmers needed to ship their food else where and find new customers. To
do this, farmers needed to transport their food, usually by train. When they would do this the
railroad companies would charge much more for the farmer than the big businessman because the
businessmen would give donations to the railroad companies while the small farmers would not. To
make up

Unskilled Workers In The Late Nineteenth Century
The late nineteenth century in the Unites States was the time of significant urban growth of the
country. The number of industrial wageworkers in America almost doubled by the second half of the
nineteenth century. More than half of the country's men, women, and children made up the laboring
class that performed manual work for wages in a variety of settings, such as many small workshops
run by independent and highly skilled craftsmen or artisans. However, with the rise of large factories
and heavy machinery by the 1870s, the use of highly skilled workers, and common laborers declined
tremendously. Due to the increase mechanization of the country, products that once required skilled
laborers to make were now made by machines in abundance, for much cheaper prices, and with
much less effort. Moreover, introduction of machines reduced labor and manufacturing costs.
Although mechanization of the late nineteenth century changed the country from a rural agricultural
nation to urban industrial homeland and made it the leading manufacturing country in the world,
many workers were unsatisfied and upset with the new change in economy for the reason that
machines took over the part of jobs that required hand skills of men. Second, workers did not get the
satisfaction of seeing their products ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, many rural Americans and immigrants came to the cities to work as unskilled laborers.
Wages for the workers were unreasonably low but slowly climbed except for only those who worked
for longer hours during the week. This led to the high rate of on–the–job injuries and fatalities and
also to frequent periods of unemployment. By 1877, due to the rapid industrialization of the country,
industrial workers began to organize labor unions for many reasons and some of which are for
higher wages, shorter hours of work, and safer working

Suburban Cities In The Late Nineteenth Century
of new factories in the New York metropolitan region was invested in suburban areas beyond the
boundaries of New York City." (Teaford 109) Taking all the business away from the cities, also
gained suburban towns a lot of money. All the money that the towns gained the city lost. The
depression hit urban areas hard. It took older cities a longer time to recover, and some never did. A
lot of factories and textiles left or were forced to close their doors. "The depression had a more
devastating impact on certain urban areas. No city in the United States escaped economic hardship,
and many boomtowns of the 1920s found themselves in desperate straits in 1933. But generally the
older metropolises of the Northeast and Midwest recovered more slowly from the slump and
suffered the greatest permanent setbacks."(Teaford 81) In the suburbs businesses were able to get a
bigger piece of land, and they were able to get a parking lot for their employees cars. Businesses
would never be able to get the same size of land in the city for the same price, and also with a
parking lot. Companies wanted more open spaces for their buildings instead of congested high rises.
"As business became increasingly dependent on the truck, congested inner–city locations with
clogged streets and little ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In a contact that Levittown owners had to sign had a clause that stated that the house could not be
lived in or used by anyone other than a white person. The Levittown in Pennsylvania was 100%
white even in 1957. (Teaford) Although it was extremely uncommon a few African American
families moved into suburban communities. "The new suburban tracts, however, were not
necessarily open to everyone with the requisite cash. Postwar suburbia was largely white territory
with few black enclaves...A few black families did move into the development in the 1950s, but
blacks remained a rarity in the community." (Teaford

The Era Of The Late Nineteenth Century Reformers
In the late nineteenth century reformers' efforts to "save the Indians" failed due to them taking away
their way of life having the conform to the ideas of the white Americans. Reformers attempt to help
the Native Americans was definitely unhelpful. The reformers main goal was to make them conform
to the way of life as white Americans. Reformers took them of their land, took away their culture,
and there was of life with new laws and reform that was supposed to help the Indians but instead it
hurt them and their culture. Also the younger generations were forced to study in schools the white
American way of life. They were taught the American history according to the white Americans,
their language was forbidden in the schools and they ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ella C. Deloria, A Yankton Soiux said " It wasn 't easy to make a spiritual and social adjustment. The
people were too used to living in large family groups, cooperatively and happily. Now, here they
were in little father–mother–child units often miles from their other relatives, trying to farm an arid
land." The Dawes Act was the answer to the White Reformer to please the American settlers that
were trying to take the land the Indians lived on and help stop the fighting that was going on
because of this land. The Dawes Act gave Native Americans a piece of their own land that allow
them to own it, which they did not hold the deed to. The Federal Government held the land in trust
for twenty–five years awaiting the Indians becoming United States citizens. Despite the alleged
safeguards, tribal lands were often lost by fraud or coercion, so that, by 1934, white Americans
owned two–thirds of lands originally reserved for Indians.(Schultz,327) The land given to the
Indians was undesirable to most because the land was barren and infertile making it hard for the
Indians to grow crops and survive of the land. Also with these reservations came schooling for the
children of the Indians. Reformers believed that teaching the Indians would help them understand
the laws and history of the United States and help with the literacy problem and preparing them for
American Citizenship. Commissioner of Indians Affairs, Thomas J. Morgan said "

Causes Of Industrial Labor In The Late Nineteenth And...
Many of the factors that drove America's industrial expansion were less than unpraiseworthy in the
late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Workers of all kinds were treated poorly, without much
dignity and honor held to their jobs. One way that industry thrived was through the cheap labor
source. The diligent workers of the time were paid very little, in particular the immigrants. There
were also next to no labor restrictions and regulations to keep the workers safe. However, not all of
the aspects of the expansion were negative. A few of the positive steps forward were the invention of
efficient machinery, and the new research and development that was taking place. The workforce
changed a great deal during America's stage of industrialization. One negative change that came
about this time was child labor. Children were being forced to work long hours doing unsafe jobs,
especially children whose families lived in poverty. Another big change was the employment of
women in the workforce. They were often considered less skilled than men and had many extra
obstacles in their work. However, the workforce actually saw an increase in skilled workers during
this time, which would prove to be very positive. The demands of early labor unions were many, and
rightfully so. For example, some of the Knights of Labor's specific demands were that employers
restrict child labor and graduated income tax. The Knights allowed workers with all different skill
sets, race, and gender into

The Late Nineteenth Century: The Gilded Age
What did Mark Twain mean when he referred to the late nineteenth century as "The Gilded Age?"
This was the first question posed in the prompt, and I believe it is important to first explain what
Twain meant by the word "gilded." Gilded means "covered with a layer of gold," but it also
conveyed the idea that the surface does not represent the core – while holds little real value and is
thus deceptive. (Textbook, 494) Consequently, despite the appearance of immense wealth on the
surface, the gilded age was a time of greed and immorality. During this time period (1870 –1890),
the United States changed from a predominantly agricultural society of famers and agrarians, to a
more urban society that relied on industrial corporations. Factories, Railroads, and Lumber
companies flourished, and workers were paid relatively high wages compared to that of their
European counterparts. However, despite the outer appearance of success, political corruption was
rampant. One of the most notable examples of this surrounded the Credit Mobilier corporation. This
corporation was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To answer this question, there were several reforms taken that communicated many Americans'
frustration with issues regarding labor injustice, poverty, and notable arguments concerning wage
inequality. In 1877, the year of both the Reconstruction and the first Railroad strike, significantly
illustrated what one politician called "the overwhelming labor question." When Pittsburgh railroad
workers protested a pay cut that significantly slowed the progress of rail traffic, militia units used
brute force to urge them back to work. These units even fired upon some protestors, which led to
angered workers burning down the city's railroad yards, resulting in millions of dollars of property
damage. (Textbook, 501) This was just one of the ways Americans sought to reform an issue they
thought was

The Late Nineteenth Century: The Gilded Age
Mark Twain and Charles Dudley named the late nineteenth century as the "Gilded Age". What Mark
meant by Gilded Age is it is a shiny gold type surface on the top, but if you study and try to look
inside it is full of corruption, scandals and controlled by wealthy influential people. As mentioned in
the book on pg. 641 that Supreme Court justice John Marshall Harlan in the late
1880s spoke of a "deep feeling of unease," a widespread fear that the country
"was in real danger of another kind of slavery that would result from the aggregation of capital in
the hands of a few individuals." During that Gilded age, the nation experienced innovation,
immigration, advances in railroad, rise of business houses and along with that sufferings of working
class, level of inequality, formation unions to protect working people.,
If we look ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If we look at the current economy indicators, level of inequality in living standards, pay scale,
control of power it looks identical with the Gilded Age that we observed in the late nineteenth
century. Top one percent holds most of the wealth, power, and they influence political environment
and decisions. Stock market is going higher and higher, companies are making record profit,
stashing their money oversees to avoid paying their fair share of taxes. Also, we see corruption is
again on the peak level, but the definition of corruption is changed now in today's digital and social
environment. Corruption is not limited to paying bribe, but now it is spread to taking sexual favor.
What we are seeing and listening about sexual harassment, abuse is not only limited to Hollywood,
but it is happening in all fields including politics, religion as well as in the businesses. People who
are at the top have power of influencing

Western Expansion In The Late Nineteenth Century
Following the western expansion in the late nineteenth century, the American society and economy
would experience significant growth and development amidst numerous challenges and benefits.
From this, the United States would grow in geographical size and in power. This expansion started
in 1860s and continued until the 1890s. Due to the discovery of gold in California, people wanted to
continue and search for more riches in the West. The benefits of the expansion were mainly for the
Americans because it helped the rise of industrialization and the United States economy. But the
consequences and the challnages that would occur would be the Native American Indians whom had
to be kicked out of their own home and land.
Economically the United States boomed tremendously mostly from the Pacific Railway Act of 1862
which provided federal subsidies in land and loans for the construction of transcontinental railroads
across the united states. It all started with the Central Pacific Company building from West to East
employing thousands of Chinese immigrants. In the opposite direction, the Union Pacific Company
began laying tracks from Iowa employing mostly Irish immigrants. Then in May 1869 the two
railroads met at Promontory Point, Utah and connected the two together creating the
transcontinental railroad with the golden ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since most of the towns in the United States had their own local time it made the scheduling very
confusing and difficult to follow. The fast traveling and the speed of the railroads made traveling
time decrease because it took less time to travel from city to city. So, the North American railroads
decided to come up with a new standardized time system called the Standard Railway Time for the
railroad operations to go smoothly and the scheduling of the different arrival and departure times
would not be as

West Transformation In The Late Nineteenth Century
3. How and why was the West transformed in the late nineteenth century? How did these changes
affect the people living in the West? How did the changes in the West transform America? In the late
nineteenth century, the rise of an industrial America took the country by storm. New innovations,
and the development of steel manufacturing, petroleum refining, and the expansion of railroads,
changed the nation's economy and the lifestyle of the people. The names of Andrew Carnegie, John
D. Rockefeller, and J.P. Morgan became widely known. This industrial boom introduced a new class
of wealthy industrialist and a well off middle class. Unfortunately, farmers began to struggle
immensely during this time; the prices for farm produce began to fall ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Indeed, the stock market crash triggered this event, however the vastly poor distribution of wealth,
the wages of industrial workers, and the profitless work of farmers all added up to this downfall. In
addition, high tariffs set by the U.S. made it difficult for foreign nations to sell goods to them and to
buy goods in return. And to make things better, banks were failing and in result wiping out life
savings of hundreds of people. The last straw was drawn when the stock market hesitated and
investors began to sell their stocks for fear of what could happen. Brokers jammed the stocks as they
attempted to unload shares. This grave dip became a panic that would be known as black Thursday.
The following Tuesday all stocks had lost six–sevenths of their value, and it would be appropriately
called black Tuesday. With thousands of people's life savings gone overnight, the economy suffered
immensely. Due to the lack of money people began to stop buying goods. To make up for the lack of
revenue, businesses laid off countless workers to decrease the price of their outputs. This only
furthered the issue into a never ending cycle. People now without jobs could not afford goods, and
businesses continued to lay off its workers to stay profitable. Millions of Americans lived in poverty
at this time, many unable to buy the

Essay Law and Order in London in Late Nineteenth Century
Law and Order in London in Late Nineteenth Century
The British police force came to being in the late eighteenth century. By 1800 there were only 2
police forces in the whole of Britain, both of which were in London. One was the Bow street
runners, which was set up in 1749 and the other, was the Thames River police force, which by then
was only 2 years old. The main turning point for policing as far as London is concerned came in
1829 when 'Sir Robert Peel', the home secretary of the time, created and set up a new police force,
the metropolitan Police force.
The metropolitan police force was set up to carry out all the jobs that the watchmen and special
constables did before them. Their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Each division was in charge of the area that was assigned to them and then sometimes for big cases
other divisions under the met would join up and work together.
There were many things that were expected of people who took on the job and responsibilities of a
metropolitan police officer. The ideal recruit would be someone who was under 35 but over 20, well
built, at least five foot seven, literate and of good character, but of course not all recruits were like
this and in the beginning a lot of recruits had to be dismissed. The most common reason for being
dismissed would be drunkenness.
At the beginning the police were not really there to solve the crimes, only to prevent them from
happening. But gradually this changed and by 1842 the first detectives were introduced. Now as
well as trying to prevent crime, they also tried to solve it. Although some work had to be put into it
before the detectives were successful. As they didn't have the technology advances for policing that
we have today and the main way to catch a criminal was to catch them in the act or to have a
confession from the criminals themselves.
The police had to deal with many different types of crime in the late nineteenth century ranging
from minor crimes such as pick pocketing, drunkeness and prostitution to more major crimes such
as

City Life In The Late Nineteenth Century
Living in the city in the late nineteenth century had a good amount of positive and negative aspects.
One of the positives was that there were very many new job opportunities with all the factories and
construction being built. More means of transportation were available in the city, such as trolleys,
railroads, and steam driven cars. There was a common focus of increasing and improving the
museums, art galleries, amusement parks, and skyscrapers. Many people in the city were ready to
move forward technologically to better progress in America. However, there are arguably more
amount of negative aspects than there are positive. There were little to no rules and regulations, that
in modern times would seem absurd not to have in place. Poor ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There also weren't multiple exits in case of emergencies. Before the codes one could build whatever
kind of building they wanted, pass it off as an apartment, and rent it out to people to make profit
with no regulations. Another common thing to see in the cities is waste being thrown in the streets,
because there were no regulations when it came to sanitation. Because of the little to no sanitation,
diseases were very easily able to be spread. A dramatic increase in the population was prominent, as
more and more immigrants came to America, causing many civilians to become homeless. In many
ways the city life in the late nineteenth century has similarities and differences to modern day city
life. One of the similarities is the conflict of a mass amount of immigrants coming to America, as we
can see when we watch the news and hear modern day politicians debate on the issue. Another
similarity is that many of the population of large cities are ready to keep improving technology to
better progress in America. However, there are now thankfully a lot of differences. Now in modern
times there are laws in place to improve cities. Modern day apartments are now required to have
multiple exits, fire escapes, and are able to be provide heat, water, and electricity by the

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