Cognitive Development of Pre-schoolers

Module 16
By: Fullero, John moore
Borlagdatan, Almira
Cognitive Development of
Preschoolers

Preschoolers Symbolic and Intuitive Thinking
Symbolic sub stage – preschool children show progress
in their cognitive abilities by being able to draw objects
that are not present, by their dramatic increase in their
language and make-believe play.
Intuitive sub stage – preschool children begin to
use primitive reasoning and ask a litany of
questions.
Module 16
Topic: Cognitive Development of Preschoolers
Borlagdatan, Almira slide 2 0f 18

Brain Connections in the Preschool Years
Brain research has also pointed out the crucial role
of the environment. Experts have shown specific
areas of brain activity that respond to environmental
stimulation.
Module 16
Borlagdatan, Almira slide 3 of 18

Language Development
Module 16
Children language development
becomes increasingly complex in the
four main areas;
1) Phonology
2) Semantics
3) Syntax
4) Pragmatics
Fast mapping-a process by which
children absorb the new meaning of
the word after hearing it once or
twice in conversation.

Language and Social Interaction
Vygotsky believed that young children use language both to
communicate socially and to plan, guide, and monitor their
behavior in a self regulatory fashion- inner speech or private
speech.
Vygotsky introduced the term of Zone of Proximal
Development – refer to a tasks too difficult for a child to
master alone but can be mastered with the guidance of adults
or more skilled children.
ZPD captures the preschooler children’s cognitive skills that
are in the process of maturing.
Module 16

Information Processing Theory-
Attention and Memory
Information processing model- is another way
of examining and understanding how children
develop cognitively. It conceptualizes
children’s mental process through the
metaphor of a computer processing, encoding,
storing, and decoding data.
Module 16

The Young Children’s Theory of Mind
Theory of mind- refers to the individuals
thoughts how about mental processes work.
- It includes awareness of one’s own thought
processes, social cognition , understanding
that people can hold false beliefs, ability to
deceive, to distinguish appearance from
reality and ability to distinguish fantasy from
reality.
Module 16

A Quick Look of what Preschoolers can do
Receptive language (3-5 years old)
Standards 1: The child is able to understand both verbal
and non-verbal forms of communication.
Pre-math (Matching)
Standards 1.1: The child is able to match identical objects ,
colors, shapes, symbols.
Pre-reading and Pre-math (copying letters and numbers)
Standards 1.2: The child is able to recite the alphabet and
numbers in sequence.

Domain: Cognitive Development
Attention and activity level (4-5/5-6 years old)
Standards 1: The child is able to sustain attention
and modulate his activity at age-expected levels.
Module 16
Borlagdatan,Almira slide 9 of 18

High ordered Mental Abilities (concept
formation)
Standards 1: The child develops basic
concepts pertaining to object constancy,
space, time quantity, seriation, etc. and
uses these as the basis for understanding
how materials are categorized in his/her
environment.
Module 16
By: Fullero John moore
Borlagdatan Almira slide 10 of 18

High Ordered Mental Abilities (cause and effect
relationship)
(3-4 years old)
Standards 1: The child is able to understand the cause-effect relationships
MEMORY: (EPISODIC MEMORY)
(2-3 years old)
Standards 1: The child is able to recall people he has met,
events, and places he has been to.
MEMORY: (MEMORY FOR CONCEPT-BASED KNOWLEDGE
SEMANTIC MEMORY)
(3-6 years old)
Standards: The child is able to store verbal information in short and long-
term memory.
Module 16
By: Fullero John moore slide 11 of 18
Borlagdatan Almira

Higher-Ordered Mental Abilities
(logical reasoning)
Standards 1: The child is able to follow
the logic of events and draw accurate
conclusion by evaluating the facts
presented to him.
Module 16

Higher-Ordered Mental Abilities (planning and
organizing)
(3-5 YEARS OLD)
Standards 1: The child is able to plan and organize
a simple, familiar activity.
Module 16

High-Ordered Mental Abilities (creative thoughts)
(3-6 YEARS OLD)
Standards 1: The child is able to generate new
ideas or concepts or new associations between
existing ideas or concepts
Module 16

Higher-Ordered Mental Abilities (cognitive flexibility)
(2-3 YEARS OLD)
Standard 1: The child is able to shift to more
adaptive cognitive processing strategies in order to
effectively deal with new and unexpected conditions
in his/her environment; including problem Standards
situations.
Module 16

Below are some practices that help develop the cognitive skills pf preschoolers.
For three-years old:
1) Speak with children as often as possible.
2) Add new information to your children’s sentences.
3) Teach children to memorize first and last names.
4) Provide books for children to read, and read the same books to them.
5) Encourage interest in reading and writing by sharing a grocery list or notes for parents.
6) Count objects of interest.
7) Explain why and how things happen with the help of a reference book.
8) Provide sets- toys and other objects that go together.
9) Sing simple toys.
For four years old:
1)Read aloud each day and encourage children to look at books on their own.
2)Say nursery rhymes and finger plays together.
3)Encourage in writing and words.
4)Teach important number and space concepts.
5)Teach children the correct use of the telephone
6)Encourage 4- years old to help you plan and plant a garden.
Module 16
By: Fullero John moore slide 16 of 18
Borlagdatan Almira

For five years old:
1) Add drama to your reading sessions each day by using different voices for different
characters.
2) Ask 5- year olds to tell you a story.
3) Ask “what if “ questions.
4) Involve children in writing “ thank you “ notes.
5) Give opportunities to sort, group, match, count, and sequence in real life
situations.
6) Take questions seriously.
7) Five- years old children will show an increasing interest in numbers.
8) Encourage interest in jokes , nonsense, and riddles by reading humorous stories.
9) Give opportunities to express dramatic and creative interest.
Module 16

Cognitive Development of Pre-schoolers

Cognitive Development of Pre-schoolers

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Similar to Cognitive Development of Pre-schoolers

Similar to Cognitive Development of Pre-schoolers (20)

More from Jervis Panis

More from Jervis Panis (8)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Cognitive Development of Pre-schoolers