Cardiovascular System: Blood and Heart Whole Blood Use the following terms to complete this passage. Place the letter in the numbered spaces provided. a. Erythrocyte b. Thrombocyte c. Plasma d. Red blood cells e. Leukocytes f. Connective g. White Blood Cells h. Platelets i. Injury j. 55% k. 45% In terms of its tissue classification, blood is classified as a ____(1)______tissue because it’s extracellular matrix determines its function. Blood is composed of living blood cells, called formed substances, suspended in a nonliving fluid matrix called ___(2)________. The “fibers” of blood only become visible during ______(3)____________. When blood is centrifuged, the plasma is less dense and rises to the top. It makes up ___(4)_____ of whole blood. The other 45% is comprised of 3 formed elements, scientifically they are called: ____(5)_______ (RBC), _____(6)____ (WBC) and ____(7)_____(platelets). The heavier blood cells become packed at the bottom. Most of the bottom is composed of _____(8)___________. The “buffy coat” separates these two areas. It is composed of ____(9)______ and ___(10)_______. White Blood Cells Answer the following questions about the WBCs. 1. There are 5 Leukocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. I. Which are granular and which are agranular? II. Rank them from the most numerous to least numerous. 2. Name the Leukocytes pictured below. I. A. _____ B. _____ C. _____ D. _____ E. _____ Which part of whole blood is being described below? (Terms may be used more than once) Characteristic Use the following terms: RBC, WBC, Platelets or Plasma Carries oxygen Coagulation Immunity No nuclei, Lives about 3 months Broken megakaryocyte Numbers increase during infection Greatest number of formed elements Contains albumin, fibrin and globulin proteins Blood Type The Blood Type Matching game (opens window) is secondary and optional. The object of the game is to score as many points as possible by matching the appropriate blood type of a donor to the blood type of a recipient. During each round, a total of 10 recipients will walk onto the screen. You then click on the donor you think is a match — there's no guarantee that a match exists every time. Each round has a set amount of matches you must make to proceed, and time gets shorter with each progressive round you face.Analysis Questions (Don’t forget to highlight your answers) 1. Tell me which antigens (A, B and/or Rh) would be found on the red blood cell and which antibodies (A, B, and/or Rh) would be found in the plasma of the following individuals. (Note : antibodies are called Anti-A antibody and not A antibody). Blood Type Agglutinogens or antigens Agglutinins or antibodies in plasma Can donate blood to type Can receive blood from type Type A+ A, Rh A, AB Type B- Anti- A B, O Type AB+ None AB Type O- (exposed to Rh+ blood) None O 2. Why is type O considered the universal donor? (It can give to all blood ...

1. Cardiovascular System: Blood and Heart
Whole Blood
Use the following terms to complete this passage. Place the
letter in the numbered spaces provided.
a. Erythrocyte
b. Thrombocyte
c. Plasma
d. Red blood cells
e. Leukocytes
f. Connective
g. White Blood Cells
h. Platelets
i. Injury
j. 55%
k. 45%
In terms of its tissue classification, blood is classified as a
____(1)______tissue because it’s extracellular matrix
determines its function. Blood is composed of living blood
cells, called formed substances, suspended in a nonliving fluid
matrix called ___(2)________. The “fibers” of blood only
become visible during ______(3)____________.
When blood is centrifuged, the plasma is less dense and rises to
the top. It makes up ___(4)_____ of whole blood.
The other 45% is comprised of 3 formed elements, scientifically
they are called: ____(5)_______ (RBC), _____(6)____ (WBC)
and ____(7)_____(platelets).
The heavier blood cells become packed at the bottom. Most of
the bottom is composed of _____(8)___________.
The “buffy coat” separates these two areas. It is composed of
____(9)______ and ___(10)_______.
White Blood Cells
Answer the following questions about the WBCs.

2. 1. There are 5 Leukocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils,
lymphocytes and monocytes.
I. Which are granular and which are agranular?
II. Rank them from the most numerous to least numerous.
2. Name the Leukocytes pictured below.
I.
A. _____
B. _____
C. _____
D. _____
E. _____
Which part of whole blood is being described below? (Terms
may be used more than once)
Characteristic
Use the following terms:
RBC, WBC, Platelets or Plasma
Carries oxygen
Coagulation
Immunity
No nuclei, Lives about 3 months
Broken megakaryocyte
Numbers increase during infection
Greatest number of formed elements
Contains albumin, fibrin and globulin proteins

3. Blood Type
The Blood Type Matching game (opens window) is secondary
and optional. The object of the game is to score as many points
as possible by matching the appropriate blood type of a donor to
the blood type of a recipient. During each round, a total of 10
recipients will walk onto the screen. You then click on the
donor you think is a match — there's no guarantee that a match
exists every time. Each round has a set amount of matches you
must make to proceed, and time gets shorter with each
progressive round you face.Analysis Questions (Don’t forget to
highlight your answers)
1. Tell me which antigens (A, B and/or Rh) would be found on
the red blood cell and which antibodies (A, B, and/or Rh) would
be found in the plasma of the following individuals. (Note :
antibodies are called Anti-A antibody and not A antibody).
Blood Type
Agglutinogens or antigens
Agglutinins or antibodies in plasma
Can donate blood to type
Can receive blood from type
Type A+
A, Rh
A, AB
Type B-
Anti- A
B, O
Type AB+
None
AB

4. Type O-
(exposed to Rh+ blood)
None
O
2. Why is type O considered the universal donor? (It can give
to all blood types is NOT acceptable, explain what its blood
antigen/ antibody make up has to do with this ability).
3. Why is type AB the universal recipient? (It can receive from
all blood types is NOT acceptable, explain what its blood
antigen/ antibody make up has to do with this ability)
4. If patient 2, from the chart above (B-), was given B+ blood,
what would happen in regards to her/his plasma antibodies?
The Heart
To understand the anatomy of the heart you will watch a
video and fill out the chart below. Most of the structures are in
the video, however, some you may need to use your book or
another resource.
The Heart
Structure
Function
Oxygenated/Deoxygenated/Both
Right atria
Receive blood from the systemic circulation
Tricuspid valve
Aorta
Oxygenated

5. Prevents heart valve prolapse by contracting
Both
Carries blood to the right atria from structures and organs above
the heart
Deoxygenated
Chordae tendinae
Both
Prevent the back flow of blood from the left ventricle to the left
atria
Oxygenated
Inferior vena cava
Prevent the back flow of blood from the aorta to the ventricle
Oxygenated
First vessel to transports blood to the lungs
Deoxygenated
Interventricular septum
Left ventricle
Receives blood from left atria and contracts to pump blood into
the aorta
Cardiac sinus
Delivers blood to the right atria from the cardiac veins.
Receives blood from pulmonary veins, Feeds blood to left
ventricle for distribution
Oxygenated

6. Pulmonary semilunar valve
Prevents back flow of blood from the pulmonary trunk to the
right ventricle
Pulmonary arteries
Accept blood from the right atria and contracts to pump blood
to the pulmonary trunk
Deoxygenated
Interatrial septum
Separates the left and right atria.
Pulmonary veins
Oxygenated
Label the Heart
1.
2. Semilunar Aortic valve_____
3. Semilunar pulmonary valve_____
4. Inferior vena cava_____
5. Left ventricle_____
6. Right atrium_____
7. Tricuspid valve_____
8. aorta_____
9. Right ventricle_____
10. Interventricular septum_____
11. pulmonary artery _____
EKG Interpretation
Cardiac Conduction
The heart has its own system in place to create nerve impulses

7. and does not actually require the brain to make it beat. This
electrical system is called the cardiac conduction system. It is
made up of specialized tissues and cells embedded in the heart
that send impulses directly to the atria and ventricles, causing
them to contract. In the normal cardiac cycle, the left and right
atria contract together first followed by the contraction of the
ventricles together.
a. The cardiac conduction system is complex, but there are five
crucial parts. Name the parts of the conduction system
beginning at the sinoatrial (SA) node.
1. ____
2. ____
3. ____
4. ____
5. ____
Electrocardiograms
An electrocardiogram is a measurement of the electrical activity
and impulses created by the heart. It is most often referred to as
an EKG or ECG. Electrodes are placed on the chest and each
electrical impulse is translated into a wave pattern on a grid.
The grid allows for the calculation of the duration and
amplitude of each impulse, as well as whether the impulses are
abnormal or irregular. Flat lines on the grid represent no
electrical activity, upward spikes represent electrical activity or
depolarization, and downward spikes represent
repolarization.Match
1.
2. P wave _____
3. QRS Complex _____
4. T wave _____
5. PR Interval _____
6. QT interval _____

8. a. Time between the depolarization of the atria and ventricles
b. Depolarization and contraction of the right and left atria
c. Repolarization and relaxation of the ventricles
d. Time for the ventricles to contract and relax
e. Depolarization and contraction of the right and left
ventriclesLabel
1. T wave _____
2. QT Interval _____
3. P wave _____
4. PR Interval _____
5. QRS Complex _____
Endocrine System Hands-On Lab Assignment
Completion of these activities and questions will give you a
better understanding of the endocrine systems and the
hormones. Please make sure to read and answer all parts of
each question for full points.
This original template should be turned in with your answers
highlighted in some manner for ease of grading.Exercise 1:
Hormone Introduction Table
Fill in the blanks of the table below with the missing
information. Your textbook is a great source. Worth up to 25pts
(Each blank=1pt)
Gland(organ) that produces Hormone
Hormone Produced
Effects of Hormones
Abbreviation
Location of Target Cell(s)
Antidiuretic Hormone
Kidney
Thyroid

9. T4
Glucocorticoids
Increased protein and lipid breakdown, glucose production, and
decrease in inflammation
N/A
Follicle-stimulating Hormone
In Males: Aids in sperm production
In Females: Aids in egg growth and development
Melatonin
Regulates sleep cycles, inhibits release of reproductive
hormones
N/A
At least the hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary
Luteinizing hormone
LH
Neurohypophysis of Hypothalamus
Oxytocin
Parathyroid
Increases calcium in blood
Bones (osteoclast), intestines and kidneys

10. Glucagon
Increases blood glucose levels
N/A
Pancreas (β islets)
Decreases blood glucose levels
N/A
Stimulates the production of adrenocorticotropic hormone from
the anterior pituitary gland.
CRH
Exercise 2: Essential Endocrine Topics
Directions: Utilize your textbook to show your understanding
of key Endocrine System topics. Fill in the chart below, and
thoroughly answer the questions.
Make sure to answer in YOUR OWN WORDS to show your full
understanding of these topics.
1. Compare and contrast a lipid soluble hormone from a water
soluble hormone using the chart below. Table worth up to 12
pts total
Lipid Soluble Hormones
Water Soluble Hormones
How it is transported in the blood?
Where on the target cell would you find the receptor?
Briefly describe the desired end results once the hormone binds
to the receptor on the target cell.

11. 2. Give one example of when a target cell would participate in
A) upregulation and B) downregulation. Make sure to include an
explanation in YOUR OWN WORDS to show you have full
understanding of these topics. (This question worth up to 7pts)
3. The pituitary gland was once thought to be the master
endocrine gland. It is now known that another gland actually
regulates it. (This question worth up to 7pts)
a. Why was the pituitary gland once thought to be the “master
gland”?
b. Which gland is actually the master gland, and how does it
regulate the pituitary gland?
c. Differentiate between the functions of the 2 parts of the
pituitary gland?