How to develop a nationwide quick charging infrastructure within 18 months from program manager point-of-view. Technology choices, IT back-office requirements, locations, lessons learned.

1. BUILDING
THE
INFRASTRUCTURE
FOR
E-­‐MOBILITY
CASE
STUDY:
ELMO
PROJECT
IN
ESTONIA
by
Jarmo
Tuisk

2. INTRODUCTION
Jarmo
Tuisk
• E-­‐Mobility
Solu<ons
Director,
NOW!
Innova<ons
since
2013
• Head
of
ELMO
programme,
KredEx
2012-­‐2013
• Head
of
Innova<on
Division,
Ministry
of
Economic
Affaris
and
Communica<ons
2010-­‐2012

3. TOPICS
• Background
of
ELMO
programme
• Major
milestones
of
infrastructure
development
• Planning
• LocaNons
• OperaNonal
model
• PreparaNon
and
installaNon
• Launch
• Lessons
learned

4. BACKGROUND
AND
SCOPE
OF
ELMO
PROGRAMME
§ Started:
March
2011
§ Fully
financed
by
CO2
quota
sales
to
Mitsubishi
CorporaNon
§ Governed
by
the
Ministry
of
Economic
Affairs
and
CommunicaNons
and
Ministry
of
Social
Affairs
§ Implemented
by
KredEx
Advanced
charging
infrastructure
EV
Grants
Awareness
raising
EV
car
sharing
507
social
workers’
EVs

5. TIMELINE
OF
INFRASTRUCTURE
DEPLOYMENT
Building
permits
Q2
2011
Q3
2011
Q4
2011
Q1
2012
Q2
2012
Q3
2012
Q4
2012
Q1
2013
Guidelines
Tech.
Spec.
Electricity
projects
LocaNons
InstallaNon
Procurement
for
turn-­‐key
soluNon
for
chargers,
backend
and
support
service
1st
charger
installed
Service
tesNng
period
Service
launch

6. KEY
QUESTIONS
• What
are
the
EV
recharging
use
cases?
• What
charging
technology
is
available?
• What
are
the
service
expectaNons?
• What
kind
of
IT
infrastructure
do
we
need?
• Where
should
we
put
the
chargers?
• How
is
it
possible
to
complete
the
project
during
18
months?

7. PRINCIPAL
DECISIONS
• ELMO
was
to
become
a
“public
safety
network”
to
address
a
range
anxiety.
• We
needed
a
single
operator/centrally
managed
business
structure
for
the
countrywide
network.
• We
procured
a
full
soluNon,
including
IT
Plaborm
and
the
support
service,
from
a
consorNum
to
minimizes
the
risks
of
technological
incompaNbility.

8. POSSIBLE
CHARGING
USE
CASES
Public/shared
charger
Dedicated
charger
Planned
charging
Unplanned
charging
Daily
home
charging
Daily
office
charging
RouNne
shared
charging
Travel
charging
Emergency
charging

9. 3
MAIN
USE
CASES
FOR
ELMO
CHARGING
NETWORK
• LocaNons
hard
to
predict
• Cover
the
main
daily
driving
routes
Emergency
charging
• LocaNons
easier
to
predict
• Follow
the
daily
rouNnes
Shared
rouNne
charging
• LocaNons
easier
to
predict
• Emphasize
tourist
routes
Travel
charging

10. CHOOSING
THE
CHARGING
TECHNOLOGY

11. USE
CASES
AND
TECHNOLOGY
OPTIONS
Daily
home
charging
Daily
office
charging
RouNne
shared
charging
Travel
charging
Emergency
charging
AC
Normal
6-­‐8h
AC
Fast
2-­‐4h
DC
superfast
~30min
YES
YES
Maybe
NO
NO
Maybe
Maybe
Maybe
YES
Maybe
NO
NO
YES
YES
YES

12. “FOLLOW
THE
CARS”,
SITUATION
IN
2011
Mitsubish
i-­‐Miev
CHADEMO
AC
SLOW
Nissan
Leaf
CHADEMO
AC
SLOW
Renault
Fluence
BATTERY
SWAP
AC
SLOW
We
evaluated
the
EV
market,
cars
to
come
to
Estonian
market
and
available
charging
“standards”.

13. DECISION:
First
in
the
world
dual-­‐chargers
(AC+DC)
We
decided
to
use
CHAdeMO
DC
standard,
but
we
also
wanted
to
future-­‐proof
our
staNons
by
including
AC
(up
to
22kW)
with
Mennekes
outlet.

14. CHOOSING
THE
IT
SOLUTION

15. KEY
QUESTIONS
IN
THE
COMMERCIAL
MODEL
WHAT
DO
WE
SELL?
HOW
DO
WE
SELL
IT?
HOW
DO
WE
GET
THE
MONEY?
Business
models
can
change
over
Nme,
PLATFORMS
ARE
HARD
CHANGE.
Therefore
FLEXIBILITY
is
the
KEY
requirement.
FREE
CHARGING
Good
for
EV
promo<on
BUT
to
set
grounds
for
the
sustainability
of
the
infrastructure
you
need
to
introduce
COMMERCIAL
SERVICE.

16. WHAT
DO
WE
SELL?
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
THE
BILLING
AND
PAYMENT
SOLUTION
PRICING
FLEXIBILITY
• kWh
based
pricing
• Session
based
pricing
• Time
based
pricing
• SubscripNon
based
pricing
TRANSACTION
CONTROL
• Authorized
sessions
• kWh-­‐based
limits
• Money
based
limits

17. HOW
DO
WE
SELL
IT?
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
THE
BILLING
AND
PAYMENT
SOLUTION
SELF-­‐SERVICE
• On-­‐line
registraNon
• In
app
registraNon
AUTOMATED
APPROACH
• Start
charging
with
mobile
phone
• Start
charging
with
RFID-­‐card
MULTIPLE
BILLING
OPTIONS
• Pre-­‐paid
accounts
• Pay-­‐as-­‐you-­‐go
• Post-­‐paid

18. HOW
TO
GET
THE
MONEY?
CREDIT/DEBIT
CARD
TERMINAL
• Adds
hardware
costs
• Adds
maintenance
costs
50-­‐20EUR
per
charger
per
month
• Transac<on
costs
2-­‐3%
of
sum,
fixed
minimum
0.2-­‐0.5EUR
+
SYSTEM
CERTIFICATION
COSTS
CASHLESS
PAYMENTS
• NO
ADDITIONAL
HARDWARE
COSTS
• NO
ADDITIONAL
MAINTENANCE
• NO
TRANSACTION
FEES
WITH
E-­‐
INVOICES

19. HOW
TO
GET
THE
MONEY?
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
THE
BILLING
AND
PAYMENT
SOLUTION
MULTIPLE
CASHLESS
PAYMENT
OPTIONS
• Post-­‐paid
(internet
bank
payments)
• Credit
cards
• PayPal
integraNon

20. HOW
TO
GET
THE
NATION
WIDE
COVERAGE?

21. LOCATION
IS
EVERYTHING!
Why
are
the
loca<ons
important?
• Hard
to
secure
them
• Difficult
to
change
them
later
• Your
business
is
directly
dependent
on
whether
you
choose
the
right
spot
in
a
city
or
on
the
road

22. WE
CREATED
SOME
SIMPLE
RULES
• No
more
than
50-­‐60
km
between
quick
chargers
along
the
main
roads
• 1
quick
charger
for
towns
with
more
than
3
000
inhabitants
• Almost
all
Estonian
towns
are
covered
because
somebody
(will)
drives
an
EV
there
soon
• Ca.
1
quick
charger
per
10
000
inhabitants
in
ciNes
with
more
than
10
000
inhabitants

23. PROCESS
OF
OBTAINING
LOCATIONS
CALL
FOR
INTEREST
3-­‐ROUNDS:
• Roadsides
• CiNes
• Smaller
locaNons
CRITERIA
BASED
EVALUATION
TARGET
LIST
BASED
NEGOTIATIONS
• Prepared
target
locaNons
•
NegoNaNons
led
by
a
real-­‐estate
agency
• Support
from
municipaliNes

24. HOW
TO
SET
UP
OPERATIONS?

25. Private
operator,
selected
by
KredEx
for
5
years
Owned
by
KredEx
OPERATING
MODEL
Assets
Services
Quick
chargers
Network
management
system
LocaNons
for
chargers
High
power
grid
connecNons
Intellectual
property
Charger
control
and
maintenance
Business
operaNons
Customer
support
Security
services
Asset
management
KredEx
selected
a
private
operator
to
run
the
charging
network
for
5
years.
Operator
is
moNvated
with
a
service
fee.
NO
profit
from
energy
sales
during
the
iniNal
5
years.

26. Opera<ng
structure
Partners
Main
outsourcing
partner
Owner
and
manager
KredEx
ABB
Estonia
ABB
Netherlands
(quick
chargers)
G4S
(CRM
services)
Now!
InnovaNons
(IT
plaborm)

27. GROUND-­‐
WORKS,
SERVICE
SET-­‐UP
AND
LAUNCH

28. GROUND-­‐
WORKS
• Elektritsentrum
prepared
the
locaNons
• groundwork
• cables
from
connecNon
points
•
foundaNons
for
QCs
• ABB
installed
and
set
up
the
chargers
• Amazing
speed
of
installaNon
• Building
started
in
September
2012
• The
network
was
completed
by
the
end
of
January
2013

29. BEHIND
THE
SCENES:
SERVICE
SET-­‐UP
• Training
of
the
customer
support
teams
• Development
of
business
rouNnes
• Analysis
of
early
staNsNcs
to
model
pricing
packages
• Conclusion
of
the
electricity
purchase
contacts
• Development
of
the
legal
side
of
the
service
• Sepng
up
the
pricing
• TesNng
IT
soluNon
• Managing
media
relaNons
• Informing
potenNal
customers
of
network
status
• Etc.
etc.
etc.

30. LAUNCH
PLAN
• Gradual
launch
–
commission
the
chargers
ASAP
• Free
charging
unNl
the
end
of
January
2013
• IntroducNon
of
future
pricing
schemes
in
late
November
2012
• Customers
were
able
to
sign
up
for
the
service
since
December
2012
• Early
January
2013
“authenNcaNon
mode”
switched
on
• Since
February
2013
full
service
launch,
including
billing
and
payments

31. USAGE,
LESSONS
LEARNED,
IDEAS
FOR
THE
FUTURE

32. GROWTH
OF
EV
SALES
AND
INFRASTRUCTURE
USAGE
IN
ESTONIA
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
NEW
REG.
TOTAL
REGISTERED
EV’S
IN
ESTONIA
DATA:
ESTONIAN
ROAD
AUTHORITY,
FEB
2015
CHARGING
SESSIONS
IN
THE
NETWORK
DATA:
KREDEX,
JAN
2015

33. MANAGING
A
COMPLEX
PROGRAM
Infrastructure
deployment
is
a
complex
program
and
needs
a
programme
manager
and/or
management
team
to
align
mulNple
simultaneous
sub-­‐projects.

34. TURN-­‐KEY
SOLUTIONS
REDUCE
RISKS
An
experienced
consorNum
and
technical
compaNbility
reduce
technological
and
procedural
risks
during
the
deployment
phase.
Time-­‐to-­‐market
is
also
substanNally
decreased.

35. COMMERCIAL
ENTERPRISE
OR
PART
OF
THE
NATIONAL
ROAD
INFRASTRUCTURE?
Aser
2
years
of
operaNons:
city
chargers
(especially
near
shopping
centres)
could
be
considered
commercially
viable.
However,
road-­‐side
and
rural
chargers
need
to
be
a
part
of
a
naNonal
road
structure
unNl
higher
EV
penetraNons.

36. WHAT
COULD
HAVE
BEEN
DONE
DIFFERENTLY
TODAY
?
FUNDING
AND
INVESTMENTS
TECHNOLOGY
CHOICES
DEPLOYMENT
OPERATIONS
Be
open
to
engage
private
investors
even
if
they
want
to
invest
only
into
1-­‐5
chargers.
Go
for
3-­‐arm
charger
(AC,
DC,
CCS).
NaNonal
roaming
or
mulN-­‐partner
IT
plaborm.
Bundle
more
quick
chargers
to
good
locaNons
–
reduce
locaNon
costs.
Engage
privately
owned
chargers
into
the
network
through
opNons
to
share
cost
of
service
set-­‐up.
Prepare
to
open
the
network
for
private
operators.

37. …
AND
WHAT
NOT?
FUNDING
AND
INVESTMENTS
TECHNOLOGY
CHOICES
DEPLOYMENT
OPERATIONS
Government
should
be
ready
to
self-­‐finance
minimum
coverage
even
if
private
investors
are
hesitant.
Flexible
IT
billing
plaborm.
Cashless
payments.
For
cost
saving
and
speed
–
a
turn-­‐key
soluNon
in
asset
development:
• LocaNons
•
connecNons
•
chargers
• IT-­‐plaborms
Ensure
good
service
level
for
first
years
(2-­‐3
y)
by
centrally
financing
it
or
giving
out
the
concession.

38. MORE
NOW!
INNOVATIONS
CASE
STUDIES
www.nowinnovaNons.com/
case-­‐studies
Scan
the
code
above
or
click
the
link
below!

39. Thank
you!
JARMO
TUISK
Director,
electric
mobility
soluNons
Mob:
+372
52
01443
Office:
+372
6
023
046
Skype:
jarmotuisk
jarmo.tuisk@nowinnovaNons.com
www.nowinnovaNons.com