PLANNING AND COST ANALYSIS OF THE COMMERCIAL BUILDING

1. PLANNING AND COST
ANALYSIS OF THE
COMMERCIAL BUILDING

2. ABSTRACT
 In order to compete in the ever growing competent market it
is very important for a structural engineer to save time.
 As a sequel to this an attempt is made to planning by using
“Auto CAD” and Estimation, costing done by different
methods.
 Planning and cost analysis identifies the overall scope of
work involved in a construction/renovation project.
 For estimating and costing of commercial building can be
calculated by using different methods like Long wall-short
wall method, centre line method , partially centre line and
partially cross wall methods.

3. INTRODUCTION
 Buildings are important indicator of social
progress of the country.
 Daily new techniques are being developed for
the construction of buildings.
 The building subjected to both vertical and
horizontal loads. The horizontal loads are taken
as per IS 875-1987.And also the material
characteristics are taken from IS 456-2000.

4. SOFTWARES
 We are doing planning of Commercial Building by
using “AUTOCAD” software.
 In AutoCAD, the word ‘Auto’ came from “Auto desk
company”, and CAD stands for Computer Aided
Designing.

5. PLANNING
 Planning refers to the process of deciding what to do and
how to do it.
 We have done a planning of G+2 commercial building.
 The building which is used for functions.
The planning of G+2 commercial building can
be done by using “AUTO CAD”.

10. ESTIMATION
Estimation is the scientific way of working out the
approximate cost of an engineering project before execution
of the work.
Estimation requires a thorough knowledge of the
construction procedures and cost of materials & labour in
addition to the skill ,experience ,foresight etc.

11. TYPES OF ESTIMATES
 Approximate Estimate
 Model Estimate
 Comparison Estimate and
 Parametric Estimate
 Detailed Estimate
 Complete Estimate

12. APPROXIMATE ESTIMATE
Preliminary or approximate estimate is required for studies of
various aspects of work project and for its administrative approval.
The estimate is accompanied by a report duly explaining necessity
and utility of the project and with a site or layout plan.
Approximate estimate can be done by 2 parts ,
1.foundation including plinth
2.super structure

13. MODEL ESTIMATE
 This type of estimate is prepared is based on a modal
project estimate which is developed before .
 Preparing this type of estimate needs length and width of
building, size of base , floor height ,etc.,
 This type of estimate may prepare a details estimate of
whole project or a part of project depending on the
model project.

14. Comparison Estimate
In this method an estimator prepares a estimate of
proposed project by comparing similar completed
project.
After preparing the comparison estimate , estimator
makes adjustment for variation of proposed project
with the completed project.

15. Parametric Estimate
 In this type of estimate an estimator uses equations to
prepare the estimations .
 This equation is the relationship between “PARAMETERS”
and “COST “ of building project.
 This type of estimate is done for getting concept of
proposed project cost.
 Now-a-days there are many programmes available in the
market to make the estimation project easy.

16. Detailed Estimate
The preparation of detailed estimate consists of working out quantities
of various items of work and then determine the cost of each item.
It is the accurate estimate prepared by working out quantities of each
items of work.
This prepared in two stages:
 Details of measurements and calculation of quantities.
 Abstract of Estimated cost

18. REQUIREMENTS
1. Plans, Elevations, Section Drawings.
2. Specifications.
3. Rates.

19. Quantity Estimating Methods
The quantities like earth work, foundation concrete,
brickwork in plinth and super structure etc., can be
workout by any of following methods:
a) Long wall – Short wall method
 b) Centre line method
 c) Partly centre line and short wall method

20. Long wall – Short wall method
 In this method, measure the external length of walls out-to-out
running in the longitudinal direction.
 And also the internal lengths of walls running in the transverse
direction in-to-in i.e. of cross or short walls.
 Then the length of long wall, (out to out) may be calculated
after adding half breadth at each end to its centre line length.
 Thus the length of short wall measured into in and may be
found by deducting half breadth from its centre line length each
end.

21. Centre line method
 This method is suitable for walls of similar cross sections.
 Here the total centre line length is multiplied by breadth and
depth of respective item to get the total quantity at a time.
 Such junctions or joints are studied carefully while calculating
total centre line length.
 The estimates prepared by this method are most accurate and
quick.

22. Partly centre line and partly cross wall
method
 This method suits for different thicknesses of walls
and different level of foundations.
 In this external walls and internal walls have
different thicknesses.
 In such cases, center line method is applied to
external walls and Long wall-short wall method is used
for internal walls.

24. Rate Analysis
Definition:
This process of determining the rates of an item is termed
as analysis of rates or rate analysis.
The rates of items depends on,
1. Specification of works
2. Quantity and quality of materials
3. Cost of labors and their wages.
4. Location of site of work
5. Establishment charges.
6. Profit.

25. CONCLUSION
1.Planning by using software “AutoCAD”
reduces lot of time and work.
2.Analysis of each member and each material
is obtained from estimation and costing.

26. THANKYOU
-ila