The document discusses several key points: 1) Philippines' bodies of water are polluted from various point and non-point sources, producing over 2 million tons of organic pollution annually which harms health, water quality, biodiversity, and the economy. 2) Wastewater treatment is expensive and inaccessible to most polluted areas due to requirements for facilities and large areas of land. 3) Boron nitride (BN) has properties making it suitable for water treatment applications like absorption due to its chemical stability, thermal conductivity, and ability to be reused through heating. Studies demonstrate BN and BN nanosheets can absorb organic compounds and pollutants from water at levels comparable or superior to activated carbon.

2. There are point sources (domestic, agricultural, and industrial
wastewater) and non-point sources that pollutes Philippines’
bodies of water

3. Around 2.2 million metric tons of organic pollutions are produced
annually affecting health, making water unfit for drinking,
threatening biodiversity, and damages the Philippine economy.
Annual Renewable Water Resources

4. Wastewater treatment facilities are expensive and require a
large area. Thus, it is currently inaccessible to most polluted
waters in the Philippines

6. BN has partially ionic bonding (stronger compared to
covalent bonding in graphene) that makes it mechanically
robust, thermoconductive, and insulating.

7. BN can be used as absorbent in water treatment for it does
not absorb water and is chemically stable. Also, it can be
reused due to its thermal stability.

8. A study lead by Lei was able to produce porous hexagonal
BN nanosheets that can absorb organic compounds 33
times its own weight.

9. They tested the porous BNNS on organic solvents, oils, and
dyes. And it is shown that it has superior absorption
capacity and can be reused through burning or heating.

10. A study lead by Li was able to produce activated BN that
can absorb metal ions and organic contaminants in water
and volatile organic compounds in air.

11. The activated BN has superior absorption capacity compared to
both porous BN and activated carbon. Also, reusing the activated
BN only lead to a slight decrease in the absorbance capacity

14. One of the objective of this study is to synthesize BNNS
using a simple that involves only heating a boron and
nitrogen containing precursor

15. BN powder is then washed with diluted hydrochloric acid,
deionized water, and ethanol. Then dried at 80 °C for 3 h.
The powder was then sonicated in IPA (3 mg/ml) for 6 h

16. Four methods were used to produce the boron nitride
powder in the study
°

17. Only urea-boric acid complex was formed in Method 1 but no BN product.
Method 2 produces black and white flakes. Method 3, magnesium
catalyst is hard to remove. Only Method 4 produces white powder

18. Only urea-boric acid complex was formed in Method 1 but no BN product.
Method 2 produces black and white flakes. Method 3, magnesium
catalyst is hard to remove. Only Method 4 produces white powder

19. No products were formed in Method 1. However, Methods 2,
3, and 4 have a percent yield higher than 100% and it thus
suspected that there are plenty of by-products present.

20. The peak present at 1365 cm−1 represents the B—N—B inplane bonding while the peak at 780 cm−1 represent
secondary absorption of the bond.

21. The SEM images of synthesized BN powder show that the
product has flake morphology and is nonporous.

22. AFM image of the BNNS shows that the thinnest sheet is
around 5 nm, which is equivalent to 16-28 layers of h-BN.,
while the thickest sheet is around 85 nm.

23. For the dye absorption, 25 mL of 0.10 mM of orange II or
methylene blue is treated with 10 mg BN powder, BNNS, or
activated carbon for 2 hours under constant stirring

24. After 2 hours, there is minimal absorption of both the BN
powder and BNNS compared to activated carbon and
established absorption capacity

25. UV-Visible spectrum of orange II shows that the
most efficient is the activated carbon followed by
BNNS and BN, respectively.

26. Same with observations is seen in methylene blue.
The most efficient is still the activated carbon
followed by BNNS and BN, respectively.

27. Despite the low absorption, the dye is strongly adsorbed on
the surface of both BN powder and BNNS and cannot be
removed by water. It is also reusable after heating it.

28. BN powder, nonporous BNNS, and porous BNNS have different absorption
capacities because of the difference in available surface area. Also, porous
BNNS adsorb compounds fastest because of additional pore filling processes.

29. Comparing the BNNS produced from the BNNS produced by Lei’s group it is
nonporous and thicker. Also, looking at the very high percent yield, it is
suspected that the produced BNNS has by-products incorporated with BNNS.

38. 2𝐵(𝑂𝐻)3
∆
𝐶𝑂(𝑁𝐻2 )2
∆
𝐵2 𝑂3 + 3𝐻2 𝑂
𝑁𝐻3 + 𝐻𝑁𝐶𝑂
∆
2𝐶𝑂 𝑁𝐻2 2 + 𝑁𝑎𝐵𝐻4
𝐵𝑁 + 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑁 + 2𝑁𝐻3
+ 𝐶𝑂2 + 3𝐻2
𝐵2 𝑂3 + 2𝑁𝐻3 2𝐵𝑁 + 3𝐻2 𝑂
𝑁𝐻4 𝐶𝑙
𝑁𝐻3 + 𝐻𝐶𝑙
2𝐻3 𝐵𝑂3
𝐵2 𝑂3 + 3𝐻2 𝑂
𝐵2 𝑂3 + 2𝑁𝐻3 2𝐵𝑁 + 3𝐻2 𝑂
𝑀𝑔 + 2𝐻𝐶𝑙
𝑀𝑔𝐶𝑙2 + 𝐻2
𝑀𝑔 + 𝐻2 𝑂
𝑀𝑔𝑂 + 𝐻2