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1. MINIMUM RATE PREDICTION AND OPTIMIZED HISTOGRAMS MODIFICATION
FOR REVERSIBLE DATA HIDING
ABSTRACT
Prediction-error expansion (PEE)-based reversibledata hiding schemes consists of two
steps. First, a sharp prediction error(PE) histogram is generated by utilizing pixel
predictionstrategies. Second, secret messages are reversibly embeddedinto the prediction-errors
through expanding and shifting thePE histogram. Previous PEE methods treat the two steps
independentlywhile they either focus on pixel prediction to obtain asharp PE histogram, or aim at
histogram modification to enhancethe embedding performance for a given PE histogram. This
paperpropose a pixel prediction method based on the minimum ratecriterion for reversible data
hiding, which establishes the consistencybetween the two steps in essence. And
correspondingly,a novel optimized histograms modification scheme is presentedto approximate
the optimal embedding performance on thegenerated PE sequence. Experiments demonstrate that
the proposedmethod outperforms the previous state-of-art counterpartssignificantly in terms of
both the prediction accuracy and the finalembedding performance.