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1. HOME TELEMONITORING OF VITAL SIGNS—TECHNICAL CHALLENGES AND
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
ABSTRACT
The telemonitoring of vital signs from the home is an essential element of telehealth
services for the management of patients with chronic conditions, such as congestive heart failure
(CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes, or poorly controlled
hypertension. Telehealth is now being deployed widely in both rural and urban settings, and in
this paper, we discuss the contribution made by biomedical instrumentation, user interfaces, and
automated risk stratification algorithms in developing a clinical diagnostic quality longitudinal
health record at home. We identify technical challenges in the acquisition of highquality
biometric signals fromunsupervised patients at home, identify new technical solutions and user
interfaces, and propose new measurement modalities and signal processing techniques for
increasing the quality and value of vital signs monitoring at home. We also discuss use of vital
signs data for the automated risk stratification of patients, so that clinical resources can be
targeted to those most at risk of unscheduled admission to hospital. New research is also
proposed to integrate primary care, hospital, personal genomic, and telehealth electronic health
records, and apply predictive analytics and data mining for enhancing clinical decision support.