The Impact Of The U. S. Steel Corporation

The Impact Of The U. S. Steel Corporation
The global economy has not always been driven by large corporations. In fact, the idea and product
of these globalized giants were not truly prevalent until just over a hundred years ago. In the first
year of the 20th century works were under way to create a business firm that was so large it would
become the world's first large corporation. J.P. Morgan and a group of companies in the steel
industry developed and created the U.S. Steel Corporation. The company would go on to become
America's first billion–dollar organization due to being built around nearly all major producers of
steel, iron, and coke at the time. A near monopoly on the industry had effectively been developed
and created. While this institution was private not all ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The result is almost 24 trillion dollars of equity shares in just the top 500 firms alone. These same
firms are responsible for actively employing over 43 million people everyday. That doesn't even
include the hundreds of millions of people indirectly controlled in their supply chain. This of course
only includes the top publicly traded firms. As of 2012 there are more than 3.6 million registered
corporations globally. Based on the numbers above it is easy to see the great amount of power that is
held in the hand of the few. Two great examples come from Google and Walmart two of the world's
largest corporations. Google's Gmail service currently serves approximately 900 million people
today. That's greater than the population of Europe as a whole. With that many people actively
engaged in one company's product the influence the company can have is vast. Not to mention that
this is only Google's email service, I won't even go into discussion on the ad placement aspect of the
company. Walmart on the other hand illustrates another great example. Every week the company
host more than 250 million people in its stores in America alone. Almost 80% of the United States
will shop at the store at some point during the year. The amount of electricity that is used by its
stores alone ranks above 12 states in power consumption at .05% of produced electricity per year.
Now while it can be measured conceptually how big these firms are it is hard to measure
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The Importance Of Corporate Finance For An Entrepreneur
This research has been conducted to examine the importance of corporate finance to an
entrepreneur, and the role it plays in an organization regardless of the structure of a company, or
stage of growth. The various forms of ownership are reviewed for startup companies and major
corporations to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each form of ownership, and to
illustrate the importance of corporate finance. To provide a balanced view of ownership, less
common forms of business ownership are examined using the same criteria to further illustrate the
importance of corporate finance. Introduction Corporate finance is the area of finance dealing with
sources of funding and the capital structure of corporations (Brealey, Myers, & Allen, 2011).
Corporate finance also relate to the corporate strategy of an organization (Universtiy, 2015) that
managers employ to increase the value of the firm (Scarborough & Cornwall, 2014, p. 71) for its
shareholders (Brealey, et al., 2011). Understanding corporate finance is a critical skill for all
managers, regardless to the type of business ownership. Too often, there is no thought given to the
type of ownership an entrepreneur should choose (Kaplan & Warren, 2013). Consideration should
also be given to liability exposures, taxes, capital requirements for startup companies, future capital
requirements, motivation, and entrepreneurial fit. Entrepreneurs are motivated by control, by wealth
creation, or by social

The Value Of Enterprise And Trade
Today's economy was founded upon the fundamentals of capitalism and continues to find its
strength in the presence of freedom of enterprise and trade. Regulation and taxes are vital in order to
support fairness amongst businesses and to provide funds for the government to develop and
maintain the country's infrastructure. Most companies distribute some of the company's
accumulated profits, so that is why it is important to characterize the distribution under whether it is
deductible or not. As there are many different types of distributions, it is necessary for the tax
paying entity to understand the distribution so that each type can be deducted appropriately. Before
we can get into what type of distributions that a company ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
First, the amount of any distribution shall be the amount of money received, plus the fair market
value of the other property received (IRS 2016). Secondly, the amount that is taxable is the portion
of a distribution which is a dividend is included in gross income, and that the remaining portion of
the distribution is applied first against the adjusted basis of the stock and then is treated as gain from
the sale or exchange of property (IRS 2016). Thirdly, the basis of the property received in a
distribution shall be the fair market value of such property (Cornell 2016). Finally, the special rules
applies to 20 percent corporate shareholder. "For purposes of this subsection, the term "20 percent
corporate shareholder" means, with respect to any distribution, any corporation which owns, stock
in the corporation making the distribution possessing at least 20 percent of the total combined
voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote, or at least 20 percent of the total value of all
stock of the distributing corporation (except nonvoting stock which is limited and preferred as to
dividends), but only if, but for this subsection, the distributes corporation would be entitled to a
deduction under section 243 or 245 with respect to such distribution." (Cornell 2016)

Marketing Strategies Of Mcdonald 's Corporation Essay
Impact and growth of ecommerce in India By PALLAVI MITTAL A3104614197 B.Com. (Hons.)
2014–17 Under the Supervision of Dr. Vinod K Sahni In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for
the Degree of Bachelor of Commerce (Honours) At AMITY COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND
FINANCE AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH SECTOR 125, NOIDA – 201303, UTTAR
PRADESH, INDIA 2015 DECLARATION Title – Marketing Strategies of McDonald's Corporation
I declare (a)That the work presented for assessment in this Report is my own, that it has not
previously been presented for another assessment and that my debts (for words, data, arguments and
ideas) have been appropriately acknowledged (b)That the work conforms to the guidelines for
presentation and style set out in the relevant documentation. Date: 31 January 2015 Pallavi Mittal
A3104614197 B.Com. (Hons.) CERTIFICATE I Dr. Vinod K Sahni hereby certify that Pallavi
Mittal student of Bachelors of Commerce (Honours) at Amity College of Commerce And Finance,
Amity University Uttar Pradesh has completed the Report on "Marketing Strategies of McDonald's
Corporation", under my guidance. Dr. Vinod K Sahni Professor Department of A.C.C.F.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Writing a report is always the most challenging part of a student's life. It
was definitely the most important academic contribution by me. This however would not have been
possible without the encouragement of few people. Here I take this opportunity to display my
gratitude towards

Essay about FIN/571 Business Structure Advice
Business Structure Advice
FIN/571
December 12, 2013
Business Structure Advice
From: Beverly Mahone Sent: December 2, 2012
To: John Owner
CC:
Subject: Advice in starting your business John, when starting a business one has several options in
the type of business structure to use. The different types of business structures are the sole
proprietorship structure, the partnership structure, the corporation structure, the S corporation
structure, and the limited liability company structure. Each structure has advantages and
disadvantages and possible tax consequences.
The sole proprietorship structure is individually owned and operated. The sole proprietorship
structure is the least regulated and is the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The partners report the shares of the income or losses from the partnership on their individual taxes.
The corporation structure has multiple owners and operators and is complex and expensive. A
corporation is an independent legal entity owned by shareholders. The corporation itself is legally
liable for the actions and debts of the business. The advantages of a corporation structure are limited
liability, ability to generate capital, corporate tax treatment, and attractiveness to potential
employees. The disadvantages are time and money, double taxing, time, and paperwork.
Corporations pay income tax on their profits. In some cases, corporations are taxed twice – first,
when the company makes a profit, and again when the dividends are paid to shareholders on their
personal tax returns (U.S. Small Business Administration, 2013).
The Subchapter S corporation structure was created through an IRS tax election. Small business
owners mostly use the Subchapter S corporation structure. The advantages of the Subchapter S
corporation structure are tax savings, business expense tax credit, and the ability to separate an
independent life from shareholders (University of Phoenix, 2013). The disadvantages are
shareholders compensations requirements and a stricter operational process. The S corporations are
not taxed equally by all states. Most recognize them similarly to the federal government and tax the
shareholders accordingly (U.S. Small

Proprietorship, Biability Company, Limited Liability...
There are several categories under which business entities can be formed. Sole Proprietorship,
Partnership (General or Limited), Limited Liability Companies (LLC) and S or C Corporations are
the options entrepreneurs have to give legal form to their business. Each has distinctive
characteristics on their tax treatment and legal procedures. The decision of what kind of entity form
affects the daily operations and investment opportunities for the business, hence the importance of
selecting the entity that can better serve the business model and the owners.
Sole Proprietorship is the most basic and simple form of business and it does not require to be
formally organized with the state. Under this kind of entity, the owner directly assumes the ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Limited Liability Companies are treated by default as a Partnership (flow–through) for tax purposes,
however, because of the "check–the–box" regulation Section 7701, LLC owners can elect to have
their entity treated as a C Corporation for tax purposes and then opt for the S corporation tax
treatment which would allow them to be taxed as a flow–through. Corporation are treated by default
as C corporations and are taxed based on corporations' tax rates, the "check–the–box" regulation
allows the business owners to opt for the S corporation option and pay taxes as a flow–through
corporation.
Based on the presented information about the different forms of organization, in my opinion a
Limited Liability Company is the best option for the presented case, considering the initial stages of
the business, the characteristics of the owners and the extent of the operations. The Limited Liability
Company will allow them flexibility on their arrangements under the flexible statute which allows
the members "to alter those dissolution and transferability provisions by agreement". This form of
organization also limits the liability of the owners, since the company is considered a separate legal
entity, creditors won't have claims to their personal assets if the business default on payment.
Another important advantage of selecting this form of organization is that the owners have taxation
flexibility, "the check the box regulations allow

Global Strategies Of Mcdonald 's Corporation And Starbucks...
This paper explores the global strategies of McDonald's Corporation and Starbucks Corporation. An
overview of the company histories is included along with the basic business philosophies. The focus
of the paper is on the marketing strategies, both domestic and international, examining the
marketing mix for each company. The four P's of marketing are detailed with examples of how each
company uses them to their advantage. The reasons for the successful global expansion of both
companies are incorporated into the compiled information.
A Look at the Global Marketing
Strategies of McDonald's and Starbucks
McDonalds and Starbucks are two domestic companies that are very successful. Both have emerged
first as leaders in their respective markets domestically, and because of that success have been able
to grow and expanded into countries all over the world. This paper will examine these two
companies from a global perspective in order to evaluate their marketing strategies, with a particular
emphasis on how successful they have been in foreign markets. The paper will focus on how each
company has applied the four P's of price, product, place and promotion in their marketing mix,
detailing how they are used gain an advantage in their respective markets. Finally, the paper will
evaluate the success of these organizations in developing niches in their markets as compared to
their competition.
The first company examined is McDonald's Corporation or McDonald's as the brand name most

Kohl 's Corporation, A Large Retail Business
Kohl's Corporation is a large retail business that sells a wide variety of household and clothing
products. During this class we have been asked to choose a public company and analyze the
financial standing of chosen company. This learner chose Kohl's Corporation. For one reason, it so
happens to be one of her favorite stores and for another because they continue to show that they are
profitable year after year. Although they have low cash reserves, they have still managed to be
profitable, and operate efficiently allowing them to stay in business for over 50 years. Kohl's
History A bit of history on the corporation's beginnings; a man named Max Kohl started the first
Kohl's Department store in 1962 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He began ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
By 1992 sales increased from $388 million to $1 billion and within the same year the company went
public. By 2000, Kohl's operated 298 stores in 25 states with 43,000 associates. Current data shows
that Kohl's now has 1167 stores in 49 US states (Our History, n.d.). Kohl's sells a wide variety of
household and clothing products. They sell such things as coffee makers, cookware and other
kitchen accessories. They have patio furniture, home décor, candles, picture frames and wall art.
They have clothing for men, women and children along with shoes for the entire family. They offer
their customers the convenience of shopping online and picking up their merchandise at their local
store to save on shipping costs (Our History, n.d.). Kohl's biggest competitors are J.C. Penney and
Target. They sell very similar merchandise and they both fall around the middle of the scale of retail
department stores. Kohl's believes in giving back to the communities they serve, and not just with
money and resources but also with talent and time. They have a community giving and volunteer
program that supports kids' health and education, environmental initiatives and women's health.
They have a vision where the future is full of healthy children, resources are plentiful and breast
cancer is thing of the past (Our History, n.d.). Kohl's target marketing strategy focuses on middle–
class women ages 25–45 who shops for

The Internal Revenue Code
I am writing this letter on behalf of my client to explain the potential benefits of electing to be taxed
as sub–chapter "S" to your board members. As we all know, for many companies, the most
important tax decision to make is whether to elect to be treated under the provisions of sub–chapter
S of the Internal Revenue Code, or not. This decision mainly depends on your company 's situation,
and on analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of choosing to be treated as an S–Corporation.
Generally, an S corporation does not pay corporate level tax, as C corporations do. The corporate
income, whether distributed or not, is always taxed to the shareholders, and the shareholders assets
and bank accounts are protected from any business ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The excess of loss can be carried back to prior years, or forward to later years. If the S corporation
did not distribute income to shareholders, the shareholders would still be responsible to pay taxes on
the income, according to their shares in the corporation. Also, an S corporation also has no corporate
alternative minimum tax (AMT) liability, and they are subject to an accumulated earnings tax that
applies to corporations that do not distribute their earnings, but it might affect the shareholders
individual AMT liability. In an S corporation, shareholders receive a step–up (or step–down) in the
basis of their stock, based on the earnings they obtain each year, which reduces the shareholder's tax
liability when the shares are sold. The step–up in basis helps reduce the net income subject to capital
gain tax; when the shareholder receives distributed income that was taxed previously to him/her, the
stock basis should be reduced. Also, any time the corporation suffers a net operating loss, the
shareholder must reduce the basis of their stock to reflect the amount of loss passed through to them
for their individual tax return. In order to obtain an S Corporation election, an election must be
made on or before the fifteenth day of the third month of the current taxable year for it to be
effective for that year. Electing Subchapter S after the fifteenth day of the third month of the

Macdonald 's Corporation Strategies For Sustainable...
MacDonald's Corporation Strategies
Name
Institution
MacDonald's Corporation Strategies
Introduction
The future of any firm company lies in its strategies and alignment to the environmental situation
for sustainable profitability. In the restaurant industry, MacDonald's corporation has developed
specific strategies that have made it become the pacesetter for other companies. As the industry
becomes more competitive, Macdonald's corporation needs to balance its business–level strategies
and corporate–level strategies. This paper analyses the business–level and corporate strategies
adopted by MacDonald's corporations. An analysis for Macdonald's Competitive Environment will
feature the Yum Brands in a bid to compare the performance on Slow–cycle and Fast–cycle
Markets.
Macdonald's Business–level Strategies
Strict Franchising and Licensing Agreements
Macdonald's offers a strict, but mutually beneficial franchising and licensing agreements that have a
term of 20 years (McDonald's, 2014). Before an individual obtains a franchise or a licensing
opportunity, a careful scrutiny of the restaurant location must conform to expectation of future
growth of the business. The scrutiny ensures long–term profitability of the restaurant. The process
of setting up a restaurant is very thorough. The franchising and licensing agreement allows the
corporation to have enough cash for further expansion. Expansion creates dominance and goes a
long way to stamp authority as a

Business Structure Of A Corporation
You have five basic choices when setting up business entities: sole proprietorships, partnerships,
limited liability companies, S corporations and C corporations. Most small businesses benefit by
choosing the LLC structure because it protects you from personal liability and your profits pass
through for simple taxation treatment, instead of being double–taxed like regular C corporations.
Organizing a corporation limits your liability to your investment in the business, but LLCs don 't
require seating a board of directors, holding shareholder meetings and other time–consuming and
expensive administrative formalities. Another great benefit is that you can divide profits any way
you want, entice employees by offering them a share of your profits and assign shares without
requiring the recipients to pay market value. You can choose to tax any LLC's profits as a corporate
entity or pass–through company, which means that profits are passed through to the shareholders
and taxed as regular income.
Using LLCs, S Corporations and Holding Companies
The actual business structure of these arrangements usually involves establishing a holding entity
that owns assets and an operating entity that uses the assets. Of course, setting up this arrangement
should be done in such a way that business assets are protected from personal creditors and personal
assets can 't be targeted by the business, but this takes careful planning. The operating entity
conducts business and bears any risks of

Toyota Motor Corporation 's Production System
Abstract Toyota Motor Corporation is a Japanese multinational corporation that also manufactures
Lexus and Scion. Well–known for being an industry leader in manufacturing, Toyota has been
aggressively cutting costs over the years. They managed to cut procurement costs of door handles
by 40 percent. Then, by using the just–in–time (JIT) inventory system they were able to bring
models into production in only 12 months after the final design, compared to the average of 24–36
months in the industry. Toyota continues to cut company costs by making car parts cheaper and
lighter. However, these cost saving parts diminished the quality of the cars. Vehicles started having
reports of acceleration and brake problems. Toyota announced of more than 11 million recalls on
vehicles for problems. After all the recalls, the company had to pay $48.8 million in fines. Toyota
got carried away in cutting costs and time into making the cars that they lost much more money than
they saved. Case questions, ½ a page each Toyota is famous for their production system called Just–
In–Time inventory (JIT) strategy which is referred as a production strategy to employ an increase in
the level of efficiency and reduce waste by receiving goods only in the form they are required in the
production process; this reduces inventory costs. This method calls for the producers to be capable
of forecasting demand accurately. The main benefits associated the Just–In–Time inventory strategy
includes reducing the setup

Microsoft Corporation 's Revenue Growth
The graph below provides the Microsoft Corporation's revenue growth from 2015 compared to
2014. The Software & Programming industry saw revenue decrease by –4.84%, Microsoft
announced –5.14% year on year sales decline in the forth quarter, to $ 22.18 billions, and
underperformed the 1.54% revenue growth in the Technology sector ("Bloomberg"). Above average
sales gains in Technology and Software & Programming industry, helped to elevate overall market
growth to –6.77% ("Bloomberg"). Comparing company's revenue to the third quarter results, sales
were higher by 2.08%. On the yearly basis, average annual sales growth for Microsoft is 8.41%,
while S & P 500 's including only Businesses with the forth quarter 2015 earnings, average annual
sales growth is 3.94% over the past five years. In fiscal year 2015, the Current Ratio was 2.50
compared to their leading competitor Oracle with a 4.13. Meanwhile, the Quick Ratio for both
companies saw a decrease, with Microsoft at 2.50 and at Oracle 3.92. This goes to show that the
larger the liquidity ratios are, the better the company's position to meet its immediate financial
obligations. Both companies will hope to see the continual improvement in efficiency over the next
five years, specifically, with Microsoft using its cash to launch new operating system "Windows
10,"and the laptop, "Surface Book" that was released to the public during the fall of 2015. In terms
of the profitability ratios, the Operating Margin ratio is

Chapter 7 Reorganizations
CHAPTER 7
CORPORATIONS: REORGANIZATIONS
SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEM MATERIALS
Status: Q/P
Question/
Learning
Present in Prior
Problem
Objective
Topic
Edition
Edition
1 LO 1 IRS Letter Ruling Unchanged 1 2 LO 1 Reorganizations follow tax law Unchanged 2 3 LO
1 Types of reorganizations Unchanged 3 4 LO 2 Comparing like–kind exchange to corporate New
reorganization 5 LO 2 Four–column template Unchanged 5 6 LO 1, 2, 3 Reorganization: tax
attributes Unchanged 6 7 LO 3 "Type A" merger "Type A" consolidation New 8 LO 3 "Type B"
reorganization New 9 LO 3 "Type A" and "Type C" reorganizations Unchanged 9 10 LO 3 "Type C"
reorganizations New 11 LO 3 "Type D" reorganizations Unchanged 11 12 LO ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
26.e. "Type C."
26.f. Taxable.
27. $200,000 stock redemption capital gain, basis $350,000.
28. $2,000 gain, $24,300 basis.
29. Citron $50,000 gain; Ecru $650,000 basis; Electra no loss recognized, $840,000 basis.
30. "Type E;" James $30,000 gain, $29,412 common basis, $20,588 preferred basis; Karen $10,000
gain.
31.a. Frank $100,000 stock basis, $10,000 bond basis, $7,000 dividend, $3,000 capital gain. Kasha
$900,000 stock basis, $90,000 bond basis, $63,000 dividend, $27,000 capital gain.
31.b. Nontaxable to Quail; Covey's basis $1.2 million.

32.a. Jed $26,000 gain, $90,000 basis; Zia no loss recognized, $337,000 basis.
32.b. Alpha $28,000 gain; Beta and AlphaBeta no gain.
32.c. Diagram consolidation "Type A."
33.a. Qualifies as "Type C."
33.b. Acquiring stock transferred $2.3 million.
33.c. Wei $200,000 gain; Target $75,000 gain
33.d. Wei building basis $300,000; stock basis $2.1 million.
34.a. "Type D" split–up.
34.b. "Type A."
34.c. "Type F."
34.d. Taxable.
34.e. Taxable.
34.f. "Type C."
35.a. Qualifies for "Type B," not "Type C."
35.b. Diagram "Type B."
36. Consolidation "Type A" best choice.
37.a. Diagram "Type B."
37.b. Transaction may have problems qualifying as "Type B."
38. Not qualify as "Type C" as cash causes problem.
39.a. Not qualify as spin–off "Type D" as investments retained no business.
39.b. Spin–off only manufacturing or wholesale and leave other in Puce.
39.c. Diagram spin–off.
40.a. $2.975 million Tiny stock (85%) transferred to Hefty.

Estate of Leavitt V. Comm
Estate of Leavitt v. Comm
Facts:
As shareholders of VAFLA Corporation, an S corporation, the appellants claimed deductions to
reflect the corporation's operating losses. The commissioner disallowed deductions above the
$10,000 bases from original investment. The appellants contend that the adjusted basis in their stock
should be increased to reflect a $300,000 loan. The loan was obtained by VAFLA from bank and
was guaranteed by the shareholder–guarantors. VAFLA made all of the loan payments, principals
and interest to the bank and the appellants did not. Neither VAFLA nor the shareholder–guarantors
treated the loan as constructive income taxable to the shareholder–guarantors.
Because the bank lent the loan to the shareholder–guarantors ... Show more content on
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However, they fail to distinguish between the initial question of economic outlay and the secondary
issue of debt or equity. Only if the first question had an affirmative answer would the second arise.
The tax court correctly determined that the appellant's guarantees in itself have not constituted
contributions of cash or other property which might increase the bases of the appellant's stock.
The appellants view the "substance" of the transaction is over the "form". Generally, taxpayers are
bound by the form of their transaction and may not argue the substance triggers different tax
consequences. The Tax Court found the form and substance of the transaction was a loan from the
bank to VAFLA and not to the appellants. The proceeds were to be used in the operation of the
business and petitioners were not free to dispose the loan. Nor were the payments reported as
constructive dividends.
If VAFLA had been profitable, the petitioners would argue that the loan was from the bank to the
corporation. The loan repayments would not be on the appellants' behalf and would not be taxed as
constructive income to them. The appellants would jump an effort to play both ends against the
middle until it should be determined whether VAFLA was profitable or money–losing.
The appellants complain that the tax court fail to apply debt–equity principles. The secondary
inquiry cannot be reached unless the first question concerning whether an economic

Toyota Motor Corporation 's Vision
Erica Russell
Professor Christiansen
MGT 220
27 January 2015
Toyota Motor Corporation
About Toyota Toyota is one of the world biggest vehicle manufactures. Toyota creates unique
vehicles ranging from SUVs, to minivans, to sports cars and more. All Toyota vehicles are created
with either combustion or hybrid engines. Toyota also creates automotive parts both for company
and commercial use. Some of Toyota's well know vehicles are the Corolla, the Lexus line, the
Camry and the Land Cruiser. Toyota's biggest competitors are Ford, GM and Honda. (1)
Mission Statement Toyota Motor Corporation's mission is to entice and gain clientele with esteemed
merchandise and assistance and the most delightful proprietorship experience in America. (2) ...
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1 (North America, Europe and Japan), Toyota No. 2 (China, Asia & Middle East, East Asia and
Oceania; Africa, Latin America & Caribbean) and Unit Center (Engine, Transmission and other
"Unit"–related operations). (4)
Lexus International will proceed with its part as the Lexus global headquarters, striving for the
formation of Lexus as a superior global brand with Japanese background. Toyota No. 1 and Toyota
No. 2 will have executive vice presidents in control and will look over all parts of Toyota brand
vehicle progress, from devising to production to sales. (4)
Unit Center will create globally challenging "unit" pieces (including major powertrain parts such as
engines and transmissions). The executive vice president in control will look over all affairs from
part planning to progression to production technology and duties striving towards offering products
to a market in an efficient and punctual way. (4)
Reestablishment of Region Groups To upgrade merchandise and proprietorship for and in up and
coming markets, the Asia and Oceania Operations Group and the Middle East, Africa and Latin
American Operations Group will be shifted into the East Asia & Oceania Region, the Asia and
Middle East Region, the Africa Region and

How Companies Handle Nonliquidating Distributions
This paper explores the different types of nonliquidating distributions and how they distributed to
shareholder in a corporation from research collected online (Internet) and offline (non–Internet).
The online research was done using sites including the IRS website, ProQuest and EBSCOhost. The
majority of the offline was done using the textbook McGraw–Hill's Taxation of Business Entities:
2016 Edition. The different types of nonliquidating distributions includes property distribution,
dividend from earnings and profits, constructive dividends, stock redemptions, and partial
liquidation. Form 1099–DIV will be shown in the appendix to show the distribution of dividend to
shareholders. The research indicated that each type of nonliquidating distribution is important to the
corporation. The purpose of this paper is to give a general overview of how companies handle
nonliquidating distributions throughout the year and to provide an explanation of the distributions.
Nonliquidating Distributions Today's economy was founded upon the fundamentals of capitalism
and continues to find its strength in the presence of freedom of enterprise and trade. Regulation and
taxes are vital in order to support fairness amongst businesses and to provide funds for the
government to develop and maintain the country's infrastructure. Most companies distribute some of
the company's accumulated profits, so that is why it is important to characterize the distribution
under whether it

Business Management : The Corporation
If you are just starting a business or if you have been operating your business as a sole
proprietorship/general partnership, you might wonder about the advantages that come with
incorporating your business as an S corporation. Many business owners immediately assume that
doing so would be too expensive or too time consuming, but neither drawback is actually true.
Additionally, the LLC is now an option for those looking for a different option. In the not too distant
past, only individuals or corporations could be licensed. This led many contractors and other
professionals looking for liability protection towards incorporation. California now allows LLCs to
be licensed; although licensing your LLC will mean higher fees in comparison to individuals or
corporations. If you still feel that the S Corp might be the best option for your business, take a
minute to clarify just what the S corp entails alongside the advantages and disadvantages it offers
your company.
What is an S Corporation?
The S corporation is formed by filing Articles of Incorporation with the Secretary of State. The S
corporation issues stock, is governed as a corporation, has shareholders (owners), and provides
similar protection from liability as a C corporation. The S corporation shareholders' personal assets
cannot be seized in order to fulfill the business's financial obligations or liabilities. The S
corporation is also treated as a pass–through entity for federal tax purposes. Unlike the C

S Corporation V. USCorporation Case Digest
Facts:
An S corporation recently switched to a limited partnership association and concurrently opted to be
taxed as a corporation and seeks advice as to whether its actions will terminate its S corporation
status.
Issue(s):
Will the S corporation's conversion to a limited partnership and simultaneous election to be taxed as
a corporate entity successfully null their previous tax status?
Discussion and Analysis:
Limited liability companies (LLC) or limited liability partnerships (LLP) represent flow–through
entities that are taxed to the individual owners. Both types of entities represent companies that are
not automatically classified as an S corporation. Under the "Check the Box" system, each must
make an election to be taxed as an S corporation

Walmart Corporation 's Labor And Employee Relations
Introduction As stated on the corporate website (2017), "Walmart is the largest retailer in the world,
where 2.3 million associates meet the needs of more than 260 million customers every week." These
numbers are huge, and with so many locations around the globe, they have had allegations been
made by employees regarding their dissatisfaction about poor work conditions, gender
discrimination, low wages, poor benefits, and inadequate health care. Walmart has been criticized
for its policies against labor unions and this issue has prompted public outrage, (Johansson, 2005)
which is of great concern for the market. The company has also faced criticism for being anti–union,
but it has claimed that it is rather pro–associate, whereby employees ... Show more content on
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Walmart however claims that their managers can handle complaints and grievance and that their
employees do not need to pay a union to advocate for them. Walmart management views labor
unions as negative (Ali, 2015), but if utilized correctly, it can actually have a positive effect on their
business. Strong labor relations can make a business more successful in the long run and can help
both employers and employees. Managers sometimes get the chills when they think of unions
organizing in their businesses and sometimes adopt an adverse approach to any existing labor group.
However, organizations can reap several benefits from the presence of a labor union if management
and the labor unions work together toward the same goals. When employees contribute into the
production process for a service, the quality increases as there is greater commitment on the part of
those making or delivering the end–product. Dealing with labor unions improves employee
satisfaction as they can rely on them as their voice to speak to the employers (Arthur, 2017). What
Are The Key Issues Regarding Employee And Labor Relations? Over the years, Walmart has been
at the center of controversies with regards, its low wages; overtime pay abuses, employee benefits,
gender discrimination, negative impact on small business, immense dealings with China, tax
avoidance and much more (Crofoot, 2012). Employees have been dissatisfied with these issues but
seem as if they can't voice it

Benefits Of A Company 's Limited Liability Corporation (...
PASS.com will a member run Limited Liability Corporation (LLC). By using this business structure
our founding members are able to blend the advantages of a partnership with the advantages of a
corporation. This form of business offers our founding members many of the benefits of a sole
proprietorship/partnership while reducing the exposure to unlimited liability.
Moreover, LLC's offer many of the advantages of both the closely held forms of business (Sole
Proprietorship, Partnerships, and limited partnerships) and those of the corporate forms of business.
Most notable; reduced personal liability, relative simplicity to form and reduced regulatory
operation burden to the owners. Following are the key reasons that our founding members have
chosen to incorporate as an LLC:
 Liability: The name of this form of business accurately describes one of its greatest advantages:
limited liability. LLC's share the same limits of liability afforded to corporations. Our owners are
limited in personal liability since the company and the owners are separate legal entities: just as in a
corporation. However, each of our founding members is willing and able to assume personal
liability for financial funding. Waiving the veil of financial liability protection is allowed under state
LLC rules (Small Business – Chron.com, 2015)
Income taxes: With an LLC our members have the most flexibility for taxation; our company can
choose the form of taxation that best suits our member needs

Comparing Pros and Cons of S Corporations and LLC's
Comparing pros and cons of S corporations and LLC's
When people want to form a new business ventures, they usually can house their operation under
one of several basic entity types. These entities differ in terms of their legal and tax consideration
and each has advantages and disadvantages from both tax and nontax prospective. Therefore, it is
important to know what type of entity is the best option before opening a new business and it is
really depends on the goals, outlook and strategy for that particular business and its owners.
Generally, for tax purpose business entities can be classified as either separate taxpaying entities or
as flow–through entities. Separate taxpaying entities pay taxes on their own income, in other words,
corporation is taxpayer. In contrast, flow–through entities are legal entities where income passes to
owners; that is, the income of the entities is treated as the income of the owners. It includes many
major types of corporation such as S corporations, LLC (Limited Liability Companies), Partnership
and Sole Proprietorship. Its major difference from C corporations is that a flow through entity is not
taxed at entity level; rather, the income generated by the organization is taxed directly to the owners.
Therefore, Flow–through entities are a common device used to limit taxation by avoiding double
taxation.
Among these flow–through entities, I am going to compare and contrast S corporations and LLCs in
different aspects. In order to make

Sony Corporation 's Pest Analysis
Sony Corporation's PEST Analysis
Introduction
Sony Corporation is one of the world's largest manufacturers of electronic product. It engaged in
business through electronics, motion pictures, music and financial services. Though it used to be a
leading manufacturer, Sony Corp has now been entangled with low sales rate and financial strain in
many of its product lines (Euromonitor, 2014). This paper demonstrates three events of Sony
Corporation as a case study to analyze how these external factors affect companies' decision
making, then discuss how has international business environment changed from these three events
and finally the conclusions are presented.
Sony acquired Columbia Pictures Entertainment, Inc. in 1989
Japanese corporations showed a growing interest in entertainment business in the 1980s. Sony has
been questing to win a place in the entertainment software business for some time. It merged CBS
Records in 1987 for $2 billion (Fabricant, 1989). And in September 1989, Sony Corporation
acquired Columbia Pictures Entertainment, Inc. for the amount of $3.4 billion. The Sony Group
intended to secure software in high quality so that Sony 's wealth of hardware products could be
promoted. By acquiring CBS Records and Columbia Pictures, this ultimate strategy has been
fulfilled (Sony history, 2015).
Political Factors
Ronald Reagan became the president of the United States in 1981. He used the theory of supply side
economics as the base of his economic policies, which

What Are The Advantages Of Xyz's Status
The biggest advantage in XYZ electing S status is that it will allow the corporation to avoid the
corporate level tax, however, this benefit will not apply the built–in gains (BIG) tax. The BIG tax is
a corporate level tax that is imposed on certain built–in gains of an S–Corp if the gains arose while
the corporation was a C–Corp. As provided by §1374, "If for any taxable year beginning in the
recognition period an S corporation has a net recognized built–in gain, there is hereby imposed a tax
[at the highest corporate tax rate in effect, currently 35%] on the lesser of the corporation's net
recognized built–in gain for the tax year or the remaining net unrealized built–in gain not previously
subjected to the tax." The recognition period, as

Case Study : Mcdonald 's Corporation
Chapter I: History McDonald's, as we know it today was founded and incorporated by Ray Kroc in
1955. Mr. Kroc bought the rights from the originators brothers Maurice (Dick) and Mac McDonald.
Today the McDonald 's Corporation is the leading global foodservice retailer with more than 35,000
local restaurants serving nearly 70 million people in more than 100 countries each day. – Getting to
Know Us. Retrieved December 15th, 2014 The business began in 1940, with a restaurant opened by
brothers Richard and Maurice (Dick) McDonald. By the 1950's the McDonalds brothers had
established a simplified menu and ran the restaurant like an assembly line operation. Hill, C. / Jones,
G (3/e), Ray Kroc realized that McDonald's formula of self–service, paper service, and quick
service was something radically different from anything hitherto known in the food service industry.
It was this formula and what Mr. Kroc believed to be a recipe for success that lead milkshake mixer
salesman Ray Croc to open franchises across the country. . The McDonald 's franchise has grown
swiftly. By the end of the 1960s, there were more than 1,000 across the U.S. The first international
franchise opened in 1967 in British Columbia. According to McDonalds Abroad (2009) McDonald
's are now so ubiquitous around the globe that The Economist publishes a global ranking of
currencies ' purchasing power based on the prices charged at the local Mickey D 's, dubbed the Big
Mac Index. There are more McDonalds' than

Corporate Social Responsibility Of Mcdonald 's Corporation
McDonald's Corporation is the world's leading fast food service retailer with over 36,000 restaurants
serving approximately 69 million customers in over 100 countries every day. McDonald's
Corporation view themselves primarily as a franchisor that believes that franchising is important in
delivering great customer experiences and driving profitability. As of 2014, more than 80% of
McDonald's restaurants were franchised to independent local franchisees around the world.
(AboutMcdonalds.com 2015) In the 1970's Milton Friedman argued that the only social
responsibility of a business is to increase profit and any activity that detracted from this
responsibility for profit maximisation was considered to be inefficient. (Hanks 2015) Despite the
limitations of compliance costs and stakeholder conflicts, many large corporations today have
integrated corporate social responsibility and sustainability into their business practices to assist in
the development of overall profit maximization. In this critical essay, it will examine and critique
two aspects of McDonald's performance areas with regards to fulfilling society's expectations on
how the corporation should operate its business. It will focus on the positive and negative aspects of
food nutrition–health and employment in McDonald's. Last but not least, by exploring these
performance areas, the impact and implications of McDonald's actions on society and stakeholders
will also discussed.
Food nutrition has become

Marketing Objectives Of Mcdonald 's Corporation
Executive Summary
Since the day that McDonald's Corporation was founded, the company has devoted to provide the
high quality food and best service to customers. However, the truth is there is no delivery services in
the UK's McDonald's system. In order to satisfy customer's needs and wants, and for those
customers who are not convenient to go outside, McDonald's is planning to develop the food
delivery system in the UK. On one hand, this move might increase the number of consumers, so that
more profit could be made. On the other hand, more employees are required for the company, then
more job opportunities are created, it has positive influence to the society.
This report is going to expand current situational analysis, evaluating ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It can be seen that delivery service is mature in the UK market. Due to the mature road network in
the UK, there is no border to delivery hot and fresh cuisine to the customers.
McDonald's is a well–known catering company in the world. In the UK market, there is no delivery
service. Therefore, a number of customers who looks for fast food cannot enjoy McDonald's food.
Due to the market demand, home and office delivery service should be developed in the
McDonald's.
Overview of the sector
According to the western agricultural economics association research(Agricultural and Resource
Economics, 2001), the demand of a fast food service is increasing in a fast level because of its
convenience. Delivery service of every thing is very common, such as Argos and ASDA. They
deliver their goods to its customer with a strong driving team. It can been seen that UK residents
enjoy the benefit of delivery service which brings them convenience.
In the UK, it is not difficult to find a delivery food shop because of its common level. Some
companies promo an application of smart phone to let different customers to order their food. The
significant example is hungry house. There are over 10,000 restaurants on their perform to let a
huge number of 'hungry' customer to order their need.
Overview of sector, McDonald's delivery service should be

The Success Of The Mcdonald 's Corporation
Around 95 percent of American households have a television, and with that 95 percent the average
american home will have at least one television turned on for around 7 hours according to the group
TV–Free America. They also state that a child will watch around 20,000 commercials a year. But
that is just commercials there are also posters and ads on the radio as well, meaning that you cannot
escape the overwhelming amount of advertisements out there. Not only are there thousands of
commercials being seen each year, but also there are certain ways as to how these commercials are
designed and delivered. We give these very little thought but the companies slogans seem to stick to
us like glue. In 1955, a man by the name of Ray Kroc founded the McDonald's Corporation. He
bought the name rights from brothers Dick and Mac McDonald. Kroc took this small restaurant and
turned it into one of the most well known companies in the world. By the end of 2008 Mcdonald's
had grown to 31967 locations in 118 countries. With 58 million customers a day worldwide its hard
to not see a McDonalds ad around. ( James) People know that fast food is not good for the body but
if it is fast, tastes good, and cheap people will buy it. Thats because in this day and age most people
are employed and don 't usually have time to sit and eat a nice lunch, so instead they turn to fast
food and with McDonalds continuously growing popularity that is what we think about first if we
need food and fast.

Business Entities : A Business Entity
Business Entities:
Each business entity is structured differently and, as a result, has unique tax implications. The types
of business entities covered in this course were: sole proprietorships, partnerships, C Corporations,
S Corporations, and Limited Liability Companies (LLC). The entities were differentiated by the
number of owners and/or shareholder, whether they are a pass–through entity or not, and the level of
liability the shareholder(s)/ owners(s) are responsible for. A sole proprietorship, which is a business
with one owner who assumes unlimited liability, as well as general and limited liability partnerships,
which have at least two owners (with potentially some of the owners assuming liability only to the
extent of their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When a C Corporation is authorizing and paying dividends, it needs to consider the amount of debt
currently being carried, in order to ensure enough funds are being maintained to pay these debts.
However, there are not any percentage or dollar limitations imposed on the amount or frequency of
such distributions. Having said this, the IRS does regulate the recording and reporting of such
activity, since it does have tax implications. Specifically, when dividends are given to C
Corporation's shareholders, the company is passing money onto the owners. This is different from a
traditional pass–through because in a pass through entity, all of the company's annual income,
expenses, deductions, etc. are required to be listed on the shareholders tax return. In contrast, the
IRS only requires that the amount of the total annual dividend distribution is recorded as income on
the shareholders filing. Having said this, it is important to note that all income is first taxed at the
corporate rate, which can be more favorable than an individual's tax rate, and then upon dividend
distribution, the distributions are taxed again at the individual's tax rate. This concept is known as
double taxation and is one of the main disadvantages of this type of entity (Everett, Hennig, &
Nichols, 2013).
In contrast, to a C corporation an S corporation is subject to single taxation, since it is a pass–
through entity. Having said this, an

Corporation : Constructive Dividend System
MEMORANDUM
May 19, 2015
From: Shimul Paul
To: Prof. Steven J. Mandelkorn
Subject: Corporation: Constructive Dividend
The corporation is ruled by the internal revenue Code where Subchapter C is the C Corporation and
Subchapter S is the S corporation. Income on C Corporation is subject to double taxation; thus, the
dividend distribution is not deductible by corporation. All corporations receive dividend where they
treat them as ordinary income. Ordinary income can be allowed as dividend payment deduction. The
tax treatment of dividend differs in corporation depending on the types of entity. According to the
Internal Revenue Code § 316 "the term dividend means any distribution of property made by a
corporation to its shareholders–out of its earnings and profits accumulated after February 28, 1913."
However, there are many different types of dividend such as Qualified Dividends, Property
Dividends and Constructive Dividends.
The constructive dividend treated same as actual distributions which are taxable to the shareholders
and on the accumulated earnings and profits of the corporation. As a payment, constructive dividend
benefits the corporation shareholders irrespective of any dividend declaration. Constructive
dividend comes into various levels of corporations such as closely held corporations which can be
direct or indirect payment. The constructive dividend is substitute for actual distributions which
intended to complete any tax satiations that are not accessible

Case Study : Mcdonald 's Corporation
Nhung Nguyen
BUS 189
Case 2
January 22, 2016
MCDONALD'S CORPORATION
1. What were some of the key elements of strategy that Ray Kroc designed for McDonald's
Corp.?
The key elements of strategy were setting the standards for the operation of McDonalds' stores,
monitoring the franchisees to make sure they stick to the standards, and training the licensees.
Self–service, quick service, and simple menu were also some elements of the strategy.
2. How did Kroc's successor Turner embellish McDonald's strategy?
Write about Operations, Human resources, and general management and leadership
Turner wrote a manual that described the precise cooking time, temperatures, and portions. It also
provided guidelines on staffing for each shift and on preparing work schedules, financial reports,
and sales projections. He also set up a training center called "Hamburger University" that taught
about "food, equipment, and management technique" (Hill, C55). Turner developed a report on
franchisees' performance which later on was used by field consultants whose responsibility was to
inspect the stores and make sure franchisees complied to McDonald's regulations. Turner also made
field consultants the prerequisite for promotion within the corporate. 3. What aspects of McDonald's
management ensure that it was able to deliver a consistent strategy? Address any possible downsides
of these decisions in the context of McDonald's continued expansion.
The aspect that ensured the management was able to deliver

Tax Free Acquisition Must Be Treated As Corporation 's...
Xiao Pu
ACCT 585 research paper
304395954
Tax Free Acquisition
In General:
Tax–free acquisition can be treated as corporation's reorganization. It is very similar to taxable
acquisition; the different between tax–free acquisitions and taxable acquisitions is how buyer pays
for the acquisition to seller. During the acquisition buyer should use a significant amount of its stock
to pay seller.
Qualifications:
However, there is some qualifications need to be meet to qualify for the tax–free acquisition.
According to the IRC section 368:
"Continuity of ownership interest – At least 50% of the consideration is acquirer stock (although
transactions with as little as 40% stock consideration have qualified for tax–free treatment).
Continuity of business enterprise – The acquirer must either continue the target 's historical business
or use a significant portion of the target 's assets in an existing business for 2 years after the
transaction.
Valid business purpose – The transaction must serve a valid business purpose beyond tax avoidance.
Step–transaction doctrine – The transaction cannot be part of a larger plan that, taken in its entirety,
would constitute a taxable acquisition." 1
However, tax–free acquisition is not fully tax–free for the target company; Seller should treat the
gain from the acquisition as a deferred gain, so the tax for seller is just deferred not tax–free.
Tax effects: During the acquisition every shareholders will have different tax effects.
For acquiring

The Xerox Corporation 's History
Introduction
The Xerox Corporation's history, however, is not perfect. In 2002, they were fined $10 million for
inflating revenue and profits from 1997 to 2000 by including future payments on existing products
(Xerox). They were using various "topside accounting devices," to manipulate their equipment
revenues and earnings (KPMG). They would record leases of products to customers as sales in order
to increase their revenue.
The auditing firm used by Xerox was KPMG. KPMG is a global accounting and auditing company
and is also recognized as part of the Big Four along with Deloitte, Ernst & Young, and
PricewaterhouseCoopers (www.accountingverse.com). They allowed Xerox to close a $3 billion
"gap" between their actual operating results ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Meanwhile, senior level management personnel received over $5 million in performance based
compensation as well as over $30 million in profits from the sale of what was at the time overvalued
stock (XEROX CORPORATION). Xerox's accounting manipulations were carefully and
intentionally executed in an attempt to conceal them from being detected. The corporation's
executives knowingly directed management to perform two main manipulative accounting
procedures and actively covered their tracks. They were inappropriately storing revenue off the
books, and then conveniently releasing the stored funds at pivotal times in order to increase sluggish
or slow earning periods. This is a common practice and it is speculated that many major
corporations used these booking techniques at times as well. The company was also accelerating
revenues from short–term equipment rentals, which were being described as longer term leases. The
variance was noteworthy for according to GAAP, the entire value of a long–term lease should be
included in the revenue in the first year. But instead, the value of these rentals was spread
throughout the duration of the leases (XEROX CORPORATION). Xerox's manipulations directly
affected the economy

Hawaiian Memories, Inc.
A. Whether a C corporation that has preferred stock and common stock with both voting and
nonvoting rights, eight shareholders among whom there are a Swedish individual and Plantation
Sugar partnership, may elect to be an S corporation, under section 1361(b)(1)(B), 1361(b)(1)(C) and
1361(b)(1)(D)?
B. Whether all the shareholders must consent to the election of S status, under section 1362(a)(2)?
C. Whether the election of S status is effective if a C corporation does not meet all the requirements
in the election year, under Reg §1.1362–6(2)(ii)(B)?
D. Whether an S corporation can keep its C corporation tax year, which ends in June 30, without
documenting any business purpose, under the provision of section 1378(b)?
E. Whether a newly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
E. For an S corporation converted from a C corporation, it shall recognize the LIFO recapture
amount, which is the excess of FMV on the first day of S year over the adjusted basis, by including
it in the gross income of the last C corporation year.
F. An S corporation has to recognize built–in gain of assets from C corporation years, which is the
least of taxable income, unrealized built–in gain minus recognized built–in gain and built–in gains
reduced by net operating losses from previous years.
G. A corporation cannot use net operating losses between C corporation years and S corporation
years, with the only exception that net operating losses from C corporation years can reduce net
recognized built–in gains from S corporation years.
List of Applicable Law:
A. §1361(a)(1); §1361(b)(1)(B); §1361(b)(1)(C); §1361(b)(1)(D); Reg §1.1361–1(I)(1)
B. §1362(a)(2)
C. §1362(b)(1); Reg §1.1362–6(2)(ii)(B)
D. §1378(b); Reg §1.1378–1(d)
E. §1363(d)(1); §1363(d)(2); §1363(d)(3)
F. §1371(b)(1); §1374(b)(2); Reg §1.1374–2(a); Reg §1.1374–1(d)
G. §1374(b)(1); Reg §1.1374–2(a)
Discussion of law:
A.
Section 1361(a)(1) provides that an S corporation is a small business corporation with an S status
election in effect. To qualify for a small business corporation, a corporation cannot have a
partnership as a shareholder according to

Abc Corporation 's Management Plan
Introduction I conducted my research based on a company for which I am familiar with but do not
work for. ABC Corporation is based out of Anywhere Town, KS. ABC Corporation actually bids on
government, Department of Defense (DoD), contracts and if accepted is awarded the contract as the
either the Prime or Subcontractor on the military installations. As the Prime or Subcontractor, ABC
Corporation, has no policies and procedures in place when they are awarded the contract. Those
policies and procedures are actually built into the contract that the installation awards such as
"Contract shall meet the requirements of ISO 9001–2008 for all contracted services (Plan A, 2015)".
There is no mandate in place that requires that ABC have an integrated management system. ABC's
approach is that a structured system is in place to ensure that the contractual requirements that the
government has set forth are met and to continually improve the effectiveness of the Quality
System.
Methodology
Evaluation of Policies, Procedures and Plans:
Management Plan ABC's Management Plan for the military installations has one main objective
which is "To ensure that the customer receives the best possible support with the highest possible
quality, in the best possible time, and that the support is accomplished safely" (Plan A, 2015). ABC's
Quality Control (QC) section has the responsibility to certify the military installation's contract as
ISO 9001–2008 which comes from contractual requirements and is

The Corporation 's Management Role
The corporation's management role is to increase the firm's value to its stockholders. Corporate
finance handles the financial issues such as achieving the firm's goal, how to raise, manage, and
invest its monies. Corporate management has become sensitive to the creation of value for
businesses due to the shifting from tangible assets to intangible assets. Although the intangible
factors that drive value creation differ by firms, some of the major categories include technology,
innovation, and employee and customer relations. Creating value helps customers by selling
products and services. Value is when a business generates revenue that surpasses expenses.
Understanding what creates value will help managers focus capital and talent ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Cash flow projections predict the working capital needs for future operations. Working capital is
determined by current liabilities subtracted by current assets. This is established by the cash coming
in and out of operations. Revenue from a firm's services will be the main source of projected cash
inflows from operations. Cash flow enables a business to use capital budgeting methods to decide
the feasibility of the capital assets that may need to support future activities. The cash flow
projection helps one to decide their future financing needs and ability to meet there long–term debt
obligations. Projected earnings and cash flow numbers aren't always correct but give management
an idea of what could be expected from a project or investment. In Deuteronomy 8:12–19 (New
Living Translation), people are reminded that their abundance comes from God. God made His
people lives comfortable. He provided fertile land for them to use; God also multiplied their gold,
silver, and livestock. If an entire community prospered there would be very little concern for charity.
The people would have more than enough for everyone. Christians should always want to
acknowledge God as their provider.
There are three major categories of ratio analysis are profitability, leverage, and liquidity ratios.
Profitability ratio analysis calculates how the competitors earn from their sales. Gross profit margin
is the most common of the profitability ratio analysis. Gross profit

Mgt 230 Week 4 Paper
McDonald's has successfully created a brand/name for itself as the leading fast food retailer in the
world. It is somewhat of impossibility for one to not come across a McDonald's with over 30,000
local restaurants in over 100 countries (McDonald's, 2011). Those restaurants are owned either by a
franchise owner or a corporation; a percentage of all the earnings from a franchise owner, including
a percentage from their annual revenue go to McDonald's.
McDonald's has successfully met the demands of its customers by gradually adding to their menus.
Breakfast meals, hamburgers, chicken, salads, salads and even desserts are provided by the
restaurants which aids in the success of McDonald's. The organizational structure for McDonald's ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Financial reporting has tax and treasury experts to maintain tax law compliance as well as ensuring
cash flow for business needs. This department is also responsible for payroll to all the staff.
Management accounting is for commercial finance, analyzing past performance and projecting
future results aiding in the commercial decision–making. This department defines and measures key
targets needed to achieve for McDonald's business strategy to be successful (McDonald's
Corporation, 2008).
Human resources divisions in company play an important role in the organizational structure of the
company because the division put employees in the position that best suits that individual.
"McDonald's benefits program is designed to attract, retain, and engage talented people who will
deliver strong performance and help McDonald's achieve our business goals and objective"
(McDonald's, para. 2, 2011). McDonald's offers a wide variety of employee benefits to ensure they
keep outstanding employees. These benefits also allow McDonald's to compete with other
organizations and make they more appealing to someone looking for a career. McDonald's also
recognizes employees with awards such as the President's Award and Circle of Excellence Award to
top performers. Depending on eligibility McDonald's offers the use of a company car covering the
cost of insurance and repair (McDonald's, 2011). McDonald's offers a variety of

Financial Analysis : Lowe 's Corporation
Abstract A financial analysis will be conducted on Lowe's Corporation (Low). I will focus on
finance–related entities, ratios and how the company is performing. There will be several ratios
discussed based on their relevancy to the company's current financial conditions. Lowes' previous
financial performance will be compared to their current financial performance, inferring the
company's future performance outcome. The purpose of the financial analysis is to assist in
capturing the necessary fundamentals to describe the company. It is severely important to establish
and evaluate the key drivers of a company to help determine the future goals and success.
Introduction Lowe's Companies Incorporated was incorporated in 1952, as of January 2014 Lowe's
has assisted in the operation of 1,832 home improvement and hardware stores in the United States,
Canada and Mexico (Thomson Reuters, 2014, p.1). Lowe's offers a variety of merchandise and
products for maintenance, repair, remodeling and decorating. There are also a variety of products
being offered by the company such as appliances, outside and inside garden, home décor, flooring,
lumber, fashion and bath, millwork, paint and seasonal (p.1). Lowe's generally carries over 36,000
items from brands such as whirlpool, GE, LG, Valspar, Stainmaster and Samsung, throughout their
1,717 stores located within the United States (p.1). "The company markets various private brands
for various product categories, including

The Profit Fair Market Value Of The Loss Corporation Essay
Built in Gains and Losses. If the aggregate fair market value of the loss corporation's assets either
exceeds or is less than its aggregate tax basis in those assets by an amount which is more than the
lesser of 10% of the aggregate value of the assets on that date or $10 million, then special rules
apply. If in the year of the transaction or a later year the corporation recognized gain on property
which it owned on the transaction date, the annual limitation would be increased for that year by the
amount necessary to shelter the portion of its net unrealized built in gain attributable to such
property. The net unrealized built in gain is the excess of the aggregate value of all of the
corporation's property on the transaction date over its aggregate tax basis in all of its property at that
time.
Conversely, if the corporation had built–in loss, the loss would be limited the same way that the
NOL would be limited.
Disallowance of the Entire Carryforward. If the loss corporation does not continue its historic
business during the two–year period following the ownership change, the entire carryforward is
disallowed. Even after the carryforward is disallowed, the built in gain can be offset by the built in
losses.
Purpose Test. The service can disallow a deduction or credit if (a) control of a business is acquired
and (b) the principal purpose of the acquisition is to secure the deduction or credit.
Limitation on Other Carryforwards. A collateral effect of an "ownership

The Impact Of The U. S. Steel Corporation

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