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G. LEADERSHIP
1. Expectation
The student will be able to function as an informed, effective
and responsible leader in family, community and the nation.
2. Indicators of Success
1. Offers vision and purpose that inspires others’ confidence
and following.
2. Effectively plans and organizes projects.
3. Effectively delegates responsibility and coordinates group
work.
4. Produces quality results.
3. Leadership Indicator 1
Offers vision and purpose that inspires others’ confidence and
following.
Achievement criteria:
· Communicates visionary and appropriate goals.
Standards of Performance
Beginning
Intermediate
Advanced
Rarely convinces others to participate in a project he/she
proposes; has difficulty sustaining others’ commitment and
participation over the project’s duration.
Convinces others to participate in a project he/she proposes;
usually sustains their commitment and participation over the
project’s duration.
Easily convinces other to participate in a project he/she
proposes; sustains their commitment and enthusiastic
participation over the project’s duration.
4. Leadership Indicator 2
Effectively plans and organizes projects.
Achievement criteria:
· Determines and sequences tasks required to meet objectives.
· Develops timelines and schedules that satisfy deadlines.
· Acquires needed resources. *
*Resources include policies, agreements permissions, financing,
personnel and materials.
Standards of Performance
Beginning
Intermediate
Advanced
With assistance, identifies and sequences project tasks; has
difficulty plotting realistic timelines; identifies some, but not
all required resources.
Identifies and sequences project tasks; plots realistic timelines;
identifies and procures all needed resources.
Identifies and sequences project tasks; plots realistic timelines
that include contingency strategies; identifies and procures all
needed resources.
5. Leadership Indicator 3
Effectively delegates responsibility and coordinates group work.
Achievement criteria:
· Communicates goals effectively.
· Respect for individual abilities in the delegation of tasks.
· Motivates, sustains morale and positive interpersonal
relations.
· Monitors progress and takes corrective action as needed.
Standards of Performance
Beginning
Intermediate
Advanced
Communicates unclear goals; has difficulty delegating tasks to
the most qualified individuals; has difficulty identifying
problems and taking corrective action; does not consistently
sustain productivity and morale of workers.
Usually communicates clear goals; delegates tasks to the most
qualified individuals; resolves conflicts; sometimes prevents
problems and takes timely corrective action; sustains worker
productivity and morale over time.
Communicates clear goals; delegates tasks to the most qualified
workers; prevents most conflicts and resolves them quickly if
they arise; prevents most problems and takes timely corrective
action; sustains worker productivity and morale over time.
6. Leadership Indicator 4
Produces quality results.
Achievement criteria:
· Motivates and supports quality performance from others.
· Effectively supervises and monitors work.
· Adjusts to context.
· Meets or exceeds quality expectations and standards.
Standards of Performance
Beginning
Intermediate
Advanced
Has difficulty communicating quality expectations; provides
erratic supervisory oversight; is uncomfortable outside a local
context; produces poor quality results.
Communicates expectations consistent with recognized quality
standards; generally provides effective supervisory oversight;
regularly monitors output for adherence to quality expectations;
takes corrective action as needed; usually produces results that
meet quality expectations.
Communicates quality expectations that exceed recognized
quality standards; effectively motivates others to better
performance; is very effective in both local and international
contexts; provides effective and supportive supervisory
oversight; closely monitors output and frequently encourages
quality improvement; usually produces results that exceed
quality expectations.
Sample Reflection
for ePortfolio
assignment
Name of assignment
Name of competency
Name and Number of
Indicator of success
Indicator written out
Standard (level) of
performance
Name of class assignment was for
Please note in this
sample the student
wrote about all the
indicators for
communication.
You don’t have to
you can just
choose one. For
example maybe
you want to
emphasize the way
you delivered your
presentation; how
well you speak so
you would just use
Communication
indicator 5
Gonzales v. Raich
Facts of the Case:
California voters passed the Compassionate Use Act in 1996,
legalizing in that move the use of marijuana for legitimate
medical purposes. This California law, however, was in conflict
with the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA) which was
passed in 1970 to combat illegal drug use in the United States
and which outlawed the possession of marijuana. A group of
medical marijuana users consequently sued the Drug
Enforcement Agency (DEA) and U.S. Attorney General John
Ashcroft in federal district court after the DEA seized doctor-
prescribed marijuana plants from a patient’s home and
destroyed them. Angel Raich and Diane Monson were the
California state residents who had received approval from their
state’s officials to legally use marijuana to treat their medical
issues. While the two were compliant with state laws at the time
of their arrest, they were guilty under federal DEA laws at the
same time.
In their suit, they argued that Congress had exceeded its
interstate commerce clause authority when it legislated the
behavior of a local citizen who was merely consuming a locally
grown herb in his or her own home. Injunctive and declaratory
relief was sought prohibiting the enforcement of the federal
CSA to the extent that it prevented their possession, obtaining,
or manufacturing of cannabis for their personal medical use.
But while the district court ruled against the group of marijuana
users, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals reversed this ruling
and found that the CSA was unconstitutional as it applied to
intrastate medical marijuana use. The Ninth Circuit, relying on
two U.S. Supreme Court decisions – the 1995 U.S. v. Lopez and
2000 U.S. v. Morrison decisions that narrowed Congress’
commerce clause power, ruled that using marijuana would not
substantially affect interstate commerce to the extent that it
could be regulated by congress. The 2004 Gonzales v. Raich
Supreme Court ruling would decide whether the federal
government had any mandate in the regulation of intra-state
medical marijuana trade.
Procedural History:
The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held
that the Controlled Substances Act was an invalid exercise of
Congress’ Commerce Clause power. Upon Attorney General
Gonzales’ appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States,
however, the lower court’s decision was reversed.
Issue:
With the issue being whether Congress could regulate
homegrown medical marijuana meant for consumption at home
pursuant to the interstate commerce clause, the question, then,
was whether the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801)
exceed Congress’ power under the commerce clause as applied
to the intrastate cultivation and possession of marijuana for
medical use.
Rule(s):
The legal principle applied was that Congress could regulate
production and use of home-grown marijuana because when
taken in the aggregate, this kind of activity could substantially
effect interstate commerce.
Application/Analysis:
After the seizure and destruction of Raich and Monson’s
cannabis plants by DEA agents, the two brought an action to
seek injunctive and declaratory relief that would prohibit the
enforcement of the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA) in
as far as it acted to prevent them from possessing, obtaining, or
manufacturing marijuana for their personal and legitimate
medical use. Among the constitutional provisions that they
argued would violated was the Commerce Clause. In any case,
following the 1996 Compassionate Use Act, California residents
could cultivate, possess, and use marijuana to treat serious
illnesses following recommendation from licensed physicians.
But in 2002, California deputy sheriffs and DEA agents entered
the home of Diane Monson who, pursuant to Prop 215 was
authorized to use medical marijuana to help cope with severe
back pain and muscle spasms and accordingly owned six
cannabis plants. Despite this legal status, the officers destroyed
her plants, themselves also legally correct as they were acting in
pursuance of federal marijuana laws. Angel Raich, on her part,
was confined to a wheelchair thanks to several debilitating
illnesses and she, too, used marijuana medically as she qualified
for protection under Proposition 215. The two brought legal
action seeking protection under Prop 215 while claiming that
the Controlled Substance Act (CSA) exceeded congressional
authority under the Constitution’s commerce clause, in addition
to violating the Fifth, Ninth, and Tenth Amendments. The
government’s position, on the other hand, was that the
Controlled Substance Act applied to the use of medical
marijuana, which would make the Prop 215 of the state of
California invalid.
Raich and Monson based their arguments on four Supreme Court
cases namely the Wickard v. Filburn of 1942, Perez v. U.S. of
1971, U.S. v. Lopez of 1995, and U.S. v. Morrison of 2000. All
of these cases made pivotal rulings on the extent to which the
federal government could regulate commerce. The intrastate
activities that the federal government could regulate had to fall
under certain conditions, the first of which is that they had to be
of an economic nature. The said regulated activities must then
have been found to affect interstate commerce, while thirdly,
they needed to have been determined by a court that they
substantially affected interstate commerce. Finally, the federal
statute used needed to limit its reach to a specific set of cases.
While the District Court found against Raich in 2002, the Ninth
Circuit Court of Appeals in 2003 found that the CSA had failed
to meet these four circumstances and could not, therefore, apply
to California’s medical marijuana trade. This court
consequently reversed the District Court’s earlier decision.
In making its decision, the Ninth Circuit Court ruled that in the
case of medical marijuana, the class of activities involved was
different from that of drug trafficking because the former
pursued and adhered to the principles of health and safety as per
licensed physicians. Again, the market for medical marijuana
was far smaller in the state than was the market for illicit
substances even as it was non-commercial and purely intrastate.
But by the virtue of belonging to a different class of activities
other than drug trafficking, the Ninth Circuit Court did find that
medical marijuana could not be subjected to federal regulation
under the commerce clause.
At the Supreme Court, the government argued that if in the
Wickard case Congress could regulate a home-grown
commodity meant for personal use under the jurisdiction of the
commerce clause, it could also do the same in the Raich case.
Second, the government had the commerce power to create a
comprehensive system that could regulate controlled substances
such as marijuana because they often flow through interstate
and foreign channels of commerce. Third, it argued that the
medical marijuana in California fell under the class of activities
that comprised of controlled substances which affected
interstate commerce. Naturally, controlled substances were in a
class of activities that was subject to federal regulation. Lastly,
the government argued that the medical nature of marijuana was
irrelevant to the case because it fell under the class of
controlled subjects and was, indeed, a product for which a
developed interstate market already existed.
Raich and Monson, on their part, made arguments that theirs
was not an economic activity because they did not pay for this
product. Second, there were no congressional findings that
supported any link between intrastate cultivation and use of
marijuana and interstate commerce, though there were findings
that supported a link between controlled substances and
interstate commerce. Third, Raich and Monson contended that
medical marijuana was not a part of the class of activities that
constituted drug trafficking, but that of a different class of
activities that did not affect interstate commerce. Fourth, it was
their contention that the CSA did not limit its reach to a discrete
number of cases, and finally, they claimed that a tradition
existed where there was federal deference to state law. The state
of California had, after all, in 1996 passed Compassionate Use
Act which legalized the use of medical marijuana in those
patients that had legitimate medical reasons.
The Supreme Court, however, used the 1942 Wickard v. Filburn
case as a basis for finding that Congress has the power to
regulate purely local activities that belong to an economic class
of activities that has a substantial effect on interstate commerce.
Here, the court saw Raich’s home grown marijuana that was
meant for personal and legitimate use as having a substantial
effect of interstate commerce for the very reason that there was
already an established interstate market for the substance,
though it might have been legal in her state. When Raich added
her homegrown marijuana to the national market, however legal
it was, her action, taken in aggregate with those of others, could
be seen to have a significant effect on the ability of Congress to
eradicate the illicit marijuana market. This key finding informed
the Court’s decision to hold the CSA as a valid exercise of the
Commerce Clause power of Congress since Congress had acted
rationally in determining that growing cannabis was an
economic activity that had continued to have a substantial effect
on interstate commerce.
What’s more, the concurring Supreme Justices indicated that
Congress derived its power to regulate activities that had a
substantial effect on interstate commerce from the Commerce
Clause as well as the Necessary and Proper Clause. Indeed, the
Necessary and Proper Clause gave Congress the authority to do
whatever it deemed necessary to achieve its regulatory
objectives, and it could even regulate those intrastate activities
that had little or no substantial effect on interstate commerce.
The majority argued that the Supreme Court’s precedent had
already firmly established that Congress’ Commerce Clause
power could regulate purely local activities that were part of a
class of activities that had a substantial effect on interstate
commerce. Such a class of activities included the national
marijuana market, which meant that Congress could ban local
marijuana use as it affected the supply and demand in the
national market. The regulation of such local use could, then, be
critical to the regulation of the drug’s national market and use.
In making a distinction between this case and those of Lopez
and Morrison, the majority made it clear that in those two cases,
the statutes involved regulated non-economic activity and,
therefore, fell well without Congress’ commerce power. In the
case of Raich and Monson, however, the justices found that the
Court was being asked to strike down a specific application of a
valid statutory scheme.
Still, the dissenting opinion as given by the minority Supreme
Court Justices raised the issue that the action of growing
marijuana for home use could not be properly categorized as
commerce. The drug in question had not, after all, been bought
or sold, crossed state lines, or even shown any demonstrable
effect on the marijuana market at the national level. As such,
even when the Commerce Clause was amplified by the
Necessary and Proper Clause, it still had its limits where its
power was concerned. And since Congress had failed to show
how regulation of medical marijuana was a necessity in the
combating of interstate drug trade, its actions were in violation
of the Tenth Amendment. Indeed, further opinion was that the
majority Justices had undermined the states’ rights and made for
federalism concerns. With such a decision, there was a risk that
Congress could improperly regulate intrastate activity that it
deemed essential to interstate commerce.
Despite these dissenting opinions, however, Gonzales v. Raich
succeeded in establishing Congressional power in the regulation
of home-grown medical marijuana in a state where medical
marijuana had been made legal under state statutes.
Conclusion:
The Supreme Court, in reversing the lower court’s decision,
upheld the law that Congress may regulate intrastate activity in
cases where a behavior, in the aggregate, could impact interstate
commerce. The court does not require substantial impact, only a
plausible story need to be told, such as how the federal
government cannot rightly differentiate marijuana grown in
somebody’s home and that which is sold in interstate commerce,
so as to uphold Congressional action pursuant to the commerce
clause. If Congress is to regulate marijuana sold in interstate
commerce, it follows, then, that it must be able to regulate that
which is grown in one’s own home.
References
Baird, R.S. (2011). An in depth look at Gonzales v. Raich: The
history of medical marijuana and the Commerce Clause. CMC
Senior Theses, Paper 125. Retrieved from
http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/125
Gonzales v. Raich. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved April 2, 2018, from
https://www.oyez.org/cases/2004/03-1454
FindLaw. (2018). Gonzales v. Raich [03-1454]. Retrieved from
http://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/545/1.html
Legal Dictionary. (n.d.). Gonzales v. Raich. Retrieved from
https://legaldictionary.net/gonzales-v-raich/
Rules, regulations, and guaranteed methods of
success
HOW TO START
A SUCCESSFUL
FOOD TRUCK
20
18
Table of Content
Introduction
a. Definition
b. Benefits
c. Purpose
d. Warnings
e. Cautions
How its done
a. Choosing a product
b. Choosing a concept
c. Finding a truck
d. Getting the correct paperwork
e. Getting financed
f. Making a plan
Marketing
a. Knowing your audience
b. Staying connected
c. Keeping it fresh
d. Expanding
Conclusion
a. Review of major steps
b. Warnings
c. Troubleshooting
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
INTRODUCTION
With Prince Mohammed bin Salman launching Vision
2030, the future of our Kingdom, we have strived towards
nothing but growth and improvement.
In 2015, the Ministry of Commerce officially granted the
use of food trucks in business. Since then, the food truck
market has been more successful than the restaurant
market, and it is growing wider and wider every day.
WHAT IS A FOOD
TRUCK?
A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell
food. This may range from coffee to burgers and so much
more. Usually, food trucks tend to park in different areas
every now and then to target larger audiences from
different places.
BENEFITS ATTRACTS MORE
CUSTOME
RS
LOW OPERATION COSTS
ALLOWS ONE TO EXPERIMENT
WITH LOCATIONS
LESS RISK
ALLOWS ONE TO EXPAND THE
BRAND AT A LOW COST
PURPOSE
The main purpose of starting your own food truck in Saudi
Arabia is taking advantage of the food truck craze going
around the country. Even though the industry is tough, and
extremely competitive, it allows the entrepreneur to make
profit at low investment and low operation costs, which
isn’t that much of a risk.
WARNINGS
Having a well-written, detailed
business plan is essential for
starting a food truck
Despite the fact that it seems effortless and easy, you
must not neglect the paperwork that must be done
(Licensing, government approval, etc.) in order to
operate legally.
Do not expect instant success from day
one. Spreading the word around takes
time and patience
1
2
3
CAUTIONS
Start off with realistic expectations
and projections of the business’
future
Make sure to park your food truck at the
legally designated points of sale
Produce a realistic business plan
that apply’s to Saudi Arabia’s rules
1
2
3
CHOOSING
A PRODUCT
Definition: a product is the item or good that is sold and
produced by the
business The industry is booming with fresh, new ideas that
people cannot get
enough of. From lattes served on dry ice to burger buns made of
charcoal.
Therefore, opening a truck that sells regular, home-made
burgers will
guarantee failure. The product must have its own identity that
stands out of
the crowd, at a low cost. Find something you are enthusiastic
about, and study
the food trucks that sell what is similar to them. Find something
that makes
you different from them, and start from there.
The name of the food truck can be funny, poetic, or abstract.
This is
the first impression people will get from the business.
CHOOSING A CONCEPT
Definition: A food truck’s concept is the overall theme that
distinguishes the business. Details such
as uniforms, presentation, and the design of the vehicle all
participate in defining the concept.
When choosing a concept, one must take the following into
consideration:
Identifying what inspires the owner allows them to decide what
style of
food they’d like to serve, and how they’d like to serve it.
When creating a menu. one must understand that they don’t
have to
please everyone. If a food truck sells Italian pasta, it cannot
also sell
Japanese sushi. People will get confused, and it will completely
throw off
the concept.
FINDING A TRUCK
Definition: a truck is the vehicle that the food truck is operated
in.
Food trucks operate at low costs because the most consuming
liability is the truck itself, which will only be bought once at
the
start. The best thing to go for would be to find a used food truck
that already has built in kitchen equipment, such as a sink and a
stove. Building one from a regular truck will cost a lot more,
and
take up so much time.
GETTING THE CORRECT
PAPERWORK
Commercial Register
This is the business’ identity. Just
like each person has a passport or
an I.D., this is what a commercial
register is for. It is issued through
the Ministry of Commerce, and no
business can run without it. If the
truck were to ever face legal
issues, the commercial register is
the first thing needed to solve the
problem. Otherwise, it would be
shut down for illegal practice.
Municipality License
This is to be gotten through
the areas municipality, and it
shows the local
government’s approval for
such business to operate
under the law. The license
specifies the areas in which
the truck is allowed to park,
and what it is allowed to sell.
Saudiazation
On paper, it is only allowed
for a food truck to have Saudi
employees, as part of the
governments efforts to
decrease unemployment and
foreign expatriates. This may
not be the case in real life,
however it is completely
illegal to do the opposite.
GETTING FINANCED
Definition: Financing relates to the money that is to be spent on
the business
and anything related to it. Luckily, food trucks cost little to
no money. The only
thing needed is an initial investment, which is usually less than
a quarter of the
investment spent on a sit-down restaurant. The government does
give out
loans for such businesses, in efforts to increase Saudiazation
and expanding
the local market. After getting the loan, it won’t take that much
time to pay it
back through the truck’s profit, due to the low operation costs.
MAKING A PLAN
Definition: a business plan is a document that describes in great
detail how a business
plans on achieving its goals by writing out a plan that covers all
aspects of a business.
All of the steps previously mentioned fall into the making of a
business plan. This step
needs to be taken before anything else is done. It is the roadmap
that each business
follows in its efforts towards success. This plan displays the
truck’s long and short
term goals, along with each and every step needed to be taken to
reach them. From
the benefits and warnings of the market, to how the business is
operated, every detail
is mentioned in the plan. This is important because it minimizes
risk through a full
evaluation of the business and everything surrounding it.
Everything is supported by
facts and evidence, which only makes the entrepreneur more
confident in their
product.
KNOWING YOUR
AUDIENCE
Definition: a business’ audience is the group of people that
purchase items from a
business, and the people that are being targeted by the business.
Food trucks are
cheap and fast, which is why they attract people of all ages and
backgrounds.
However, audience varies with location. For example, if the
business is operating on
the beach in the middle of the summer, its audience doesn’t
want hot chocolate and
marshmallows. However, playing tropical music and serving
ice-cold drinks will
definitely steer the crowd in your direction.
KEEPING IT
FRESH
Definition: in other words, keeping it “fresh” is how the
business constantly
improves and expands itself through releasing new products.
It is normal for
an audience to get bored of a product eventually, and move on
to
whatever’s new and interesting. This is why one must always
find news
ways to improve their food. This can be through adding new
items to the
menu, rebranding the truck, and making sure you keep up with
the latest
trends, without completely abandoning your identity.
EXPANDING
Definition: expanding a business refers to covering larger bases
of its audience
through opening new branches in different locations.
After the food truck has experienced success, it is time for it to
expand. When
costumers from different parts of a city constantly take the time
to drive over to a
food truck, find out what areas they live in, and choose that as
the truck’s next point of
operation. However, having the food truck on every street
corner isn’t the best way to
expand, because it increases operation costs, and decreases
sales per truck. It is
important to give people what they want, while still leaving
some for yourself.
REVIEW OF
MAJOR STEPS
Abide by the law and follow the rules
Find an idea that inspires you as the concept of your business
Design a business plan
Have a strong social media presence
Know the audience and what they want
WARNINGS/REASSURANCES
Never start a business without a strong business plan
Expect bumps in the road and difficult challenges, things will
almost never be easy
Be careful when posting online, and make sure it has a positive
effect on the business
Expand, but never expand too much.
TROUBLESHOOTING
In the case of catching oneself doing something illegal, shut
down the truck and leave it on
standby until gotten right, whether its paperwork or a change in
methods of operation
If the owner feels as though the location isn’t correlating with
the business’ concept, simply
move on to the next one.
When all efforts towards success have been exhausted, don’t be
afraid to put the truck on
hold and have it undergo some maintenance. Change up the
concept, rebrand the product,
and start all over again.
COMM 2312 TECHNICAL AND PROFESSIONAL
COMMUNICATION
DR. DENIZ PALAK
SECTION: 210
MAJOR: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
DANA ALBASSAM 201600389
FATEN ALNASSAR 201302248
ROWAN BOUSBAIT 201501922
NOUF ALMUTAIRI 201401080
ASSIGNMENT#3: CAREER-SPECIFIC MANUAL
(15%)
TOPIC: HOW TO START A SUCCESSFUL FOOD
TRUCK

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G. LEADERSHIP1. ExpectationThe student will be able to functio.docx

  • 1. G. LEADERSHIP 1. Expectation The student will be able to function as an informed, effective and responsible leader in family, community and the nation. 2. Indicators of Success 1. Offers vision and purpose that inspires others’ confidence and following. 2. Effectively plans and organizes projects. 3. Effectively delegates responsibility and coordinates group work. 4. Produces quality results. 3. Leadership Indicator 1 Offers vision and purpose that inspires others’ confidence and following. Achievement criteria: · Communicates visionary and appropriate goals. Standards of Performance Beginning Intermediate Advanced Rarely convinces others to participate in a project he/she proposes; has difficulty sustaining others’ commitment and participation over the project’s duration. Convinces others to participate in a project he/she proposes; usually sustains their commitment and participation over the project’s duration. Easily convinces other to participate in a project he/she proposes; sustains their commitment and enthusiastic participation over the project’s duration. 4. Leadership Indicator 2 Effectively plans and organizes projects.
  • 2. Achievement criteria: · Determines and sequences tasks required to meet objectives. · Develops timelines and schedules that satisfy deadlines. · Acquires needed resources. * *Resources include policies, agreements permissions, financing, personnel and materials. Standards of Performance Beginning Intermediate Advanced With assistance, identifies and sequences project tasks; has difficulty plotting realistic timelines; identifies some, but not all required resources. Identifies and sequences project tasks; plots realistic timelines; identifies and procures all needed resources. Identifies and sequences project tasks; plots realistic timelines that include contingency strategies; identifies and procures all needed resources. 5. Leadership Indicator 3 Effectively delegates responsibility and coordinates group work. Achievement criteria: · Communicates goals effectively. · Respect for individual abilities in the delegation of tasks. · Motivates, sustains morale and positive interpersonal relations. · Monitors progress and takes corrective action as needed. Standards of Performance Beginning Intermediate Advanced Communicates unclear goals; has difficulty delegating tasks to
  • 3. the most qualified individuals; has difficulty identifying problems and taking corrective action; does not consistently sustain productivity and morale of workers. Usually communicates clear goals; delegates tasks to the most qualified individuals; resolves conflicts; sometimes prevents problems and takes timely corrective action; sustains worker productivity and morale over time. Communicates clear goals; delegates tasks to the most qualified workers; prevents most conflicts and resolves them quickly if they arise; prevents most problems and takes timely corrective action; sustains worker productivity and morale over time. 6. Leadership Indicator 4 Produces quality results. Achievement criteria: · Motivates and supports quality performance from others. · Effectively supervises and monitors work. · Adjusts to context. · Meets or exceeds quality expectations and standards. Standards of Performance Beginning Intermediate Advanced Has difficulty communicating quality expectations; provides erratic supervisory oversight; is uncomfortable outside a local context; produces poor quality results. Communicates expectations consistent with recognized quality standards; generally provides effective supervisory oversight; regularly monitors output for adherence to quality expectations; takes corrective action as needed; usually produces results that meet quality expectations. Communicates quality expectations that exceed recognized quality standards; effectively motivates others to better performance; is very effective in both local and international
  • 4. contexts; provides effective and supportive supervisory oversight; closely monitors output and frequently encourages quality improvement; usually produces results that exceed quality expectations. Sample Reflection for ePortfolio assignment Name of assignment Name of competency Name and Number of Indicator of success Indicator written out Standard (level) of performance Name of class assignment was for Please note in this sample the student wrote about all the indicators for communication. You don’t have to you can just choose one. For
  • 5. example maybe you want to emphasize the way you delivered your presentation; how well you speak so you would just use Communication indicator 5 Gonzales v. Raich Facts of the Case: California voters passed the Compassionate Use Act in 1996, legalizing in that move the use of marijuana for legitimate medical purposes. This California law, however, was in conflict with the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA) which was passed in 1970 to combat illegal drug use in the United States and which outlawed the possession of marijuana. A group of medical marijuana users consequently sued the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and U.S. Attorney General John Ashcroft in federal district court after the DEA seized doctor- prescribed marijuana plants from a patient’s home and destroyed them. Angel Raich and Diane Monson were the California state residents who had received approval from their state’s officials to legally use marijuana to treat their medical issues. While the two were compliant with state laws at the time of their arrest, they were guilty under federal DEA laws at the same time. In their suit, they argued that Congress had exceeded its interstate commerce clause authority when it legislated the behavior of a local citizen who was merely consuming a locally grown herb in his or her own home. Injunctive and declaratory relief was sought prohibiting the enforcement of the federal CSA to the extent that it prevented their possession, obtaining, or manufacturing of cannabis for their personal medical use.
  • 6. But while the district court ruled against the group of marijuana users, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals reversed this ruling and found that the CSA was unconstitutional as it applied to intrastate medical marijuana use. The Ninth Circuit, relying on two U.S. Supreme Court decisions – the 1995 U.S. v. Lopez and 2000 U.S. v. Morrison decisions that narrowed Congress’ commerce clause power, ruled that using marijuana would not substantially affect interstate commerce to the extent that it could be regulated by congress. The 2004 Gonzales v. Raich Supreme Court ruling would decide whether the federal government had any mandate in the regulation of intra-state medical marijuana trade. Procedural History: The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that the Controlled Substances Act was an invalid exercise of Congress’ Commerce Clause power. Upon Attorney General Gonzales’ appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States, however, the lower court’s decision was reversed. Issue: With the issue being whether Congress could regulate homegrown medical marijuana meant for consumption at home pursuant to the interstate commerce clause, the question, then, was whether the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801) exceed Congress’ power under the commerce clause as applied to the intrastate cultivation and possession of marijuana for medical use. Rule(s): The legal principle applied was that Congress could regulate production and use of home-grown marijuana because when taken in the aggregate, this kind of activity could substantially effect interstate commerce. Application/Analysis: After the seizure and destruction of Raich and Monson’s cannabis plants by DEA agents, the two brought an action to seek injunctive and declaratory relief that would prohibit the enforcement of the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA) in
  • 7. as far as it acted to prevent them from possessing, obtaining, or manufacturing marijuana for their personal and legitimate medical use. Among the constitutional provisions that they argued would violated was the Commerce Clause. In any case, following the 1996 Compassionate Use Act, California residents could cultivate, possess, and use marijuana to treat serious illnesses following recommendation from licensed physicians. But in 2002, California deputy sheriffs and DEA agents entered the home of Diane Monson who, pursuant to Prop 215 was authorized to use medical marijuana to help cope with severe back pain and muscle spasms and accordingly owned six cannabis plants. Despite this legal status, the officers destroyed her plants, themselves also legally correct as they were acting in pursuance of federal marijuana laws. Angel Raich, on her part, was confined to a wheelchair thanks to several debilitating illnesses and she, too, used marijuana medically as she qualified for protection under Proposition 215. The two brought legal action seeking protection under Prop 215 while claiming that the Controlled Substance Act (CSA) exceeded congressional authority under the Constitution’s commerce clause, in addition to violating the Fifth, Ninth, and Tenth Amendments. The government’s position, on the other hand, was that the Controlled Substance Act applied to the use of medical marijuana, which would make the Prop 215 of the state of California invalid. Raich and Monson based their arguments on four Supreme Court cases namely the Wickard v. Filburn of 1942, Perez v. U.S. of 1971, U.S. v. Lopez of 1995, and U.S. v. Morrison of 2000. All of these cases made pivotal rulings on the extent to which the federal government could regulate commerce. The intrastate activities that the federal government could regulate had to fall under certain conditions, the first of which is that they had to be of an economic nature. The said regulated activities must then have been found to affect interstate commerce, while thirdly, they needed to have been determined by a court that they substantially affected interstate commerce. Finally, the federal
  • 8. statute used needed to limit its reach to a specific set of cases. While the District Court found against Raich in 2002, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in 2003 found that the CSA had failed to meet these four circumstances and could not, therefore, apply to California’s medical marijuana trade. This court consequently reversed the District Court’s earlier decision. In making its decision, the Ninth Circuit Court ruled that in the case of medical marijuana, the class of activities involved was different from that of drug trafficking because the former pursued and adhered to the principles of health and safety as per licensed physicians. Again, the market for medical marijuana was far smaller in the state than was the market for illicit substances even as it was non-commercial and purely intrastate. But by the virtue of belonging to a different class of activities other than drug trafficking, the Ninth Circuit Court did find that medical marijuana could not be subjected to federal regulation under the commerce clause. At the Supreme Court, the government argued that if in the Wickard case Congress could regulate a home-grown commodity meant for personal use under the jurisdiction of the commerce clause, it could also do the same in the Raich case. Second, the government had the commerce power to create a comprehensive system that could regulate controlled substances such as marijuana because they often flow through interstate and foreign channels of commerce. Third, it argued that the medical marijuana in California fell under the class of activities that comprised of controlled substances which affected interstate commerce. Naturally, controlled substances were in a class of activities that was subject to federal regulation. Lastly, the government argued that the medical nature of marijuana was irrelevant to the case because it fell under the class of controlled subjects and was, indeed, a product for which a developed interstate market already existed. Raich and Monson, on their part, made arguments that theirs was not an economic activity because they did not pay for this product. Second, there were no congressional findings that
  • 9. supported any link between intrastate cultivation and use of marijuana and interstate commerce, though there were findings that supported a link between controlled substances and interstate commerce. Third, Raich and Monson contended that medical marijuana was not a part of the class of activities that constituted drug trafficking, but that of a different class of activities that did not affect interstate commerce. Fourth, it was their contention that the CSA did not limit its reach to a discrete number of cases, and finally, they claimed that a tradition existed where there was federal deference to state law. The state of California had, after all, in 1996 passed Compassionate Use Act which legalized the use of medical marijuana in those patients that had legitimate medical reasons. The Supreme Court, however, used the 1942 Wickard v. Filburn case as a basis for finding that Congress has the power to regulate purely local activities that belong to an economic class of activities that has a substantial effect on interstate commerce. Here, the court saw Raich’s home grown marijuana that was meant for personal and legitimate use as having a substantial effect of interstate commerce for the very reason that there was already an established interstate market for the substance, though it might have been legal in her state. When Raich added her homegrown marijuana to the national market, however legal it was, her action, taken in aggregate with those of others, could be seen to have a significant effect on the ability of Congress to eradicate the illicit marijuana market. This key finding informed the Court’s decision to hold the CSA as a valid exercise of the Commerce Clause power of Congress since Congress had acted rationally in determining that growing cannabis was an economic activity that had continued to have a substantial effect on interstate commerce. What’s more, the concurring Supreme Justices indicated that Congress derived its power to regulate activities that had a substantial effect on interstate commerce from the Commerce Clause as well as the Necessary and Proper Clause. Indeed, the Necessary and Proper Clause gave Congress the authority to do
  • 10. whatever it deemed necessary to achieve its regulatory objectives, and it could even regulate those intrastate activities that had little or no substantial effect on interstate commerce. The majority argued that the Supreme Court’s precedent had already firmly established that Congress’ Commerce Clause power could regulate purely local activities that were part of a class of activities that had a substantial effect on interstate commerce. Such a class of activities included the national marijuana market, which meant that Congress could ban local marijuana use as it affected the supply and demand in the national market. The regulation of such local use could, then, be critical to the regulation of the drug’s national market and use. In making a distinction between this case and those of Lopez and Morrison, the majority made it clear that in those two cases, the statutes involved regulated non-economic activity and, therefore, fell well without Congress’ commerce power. In the case of Raich and Monson, however, the justices found that the Court was being asked to strike down a specific application of a valid statutory scheme. Still, the dissenting opinion as given by the minority Supreme Court Justices raised the issue that the action of growing marijuana for home use could not be properly categorized as commerce. The drug in question had not, after all, been bought or sold, crossed state lines, or even shown any demonstrable effect on the marijuana market at the national level. As such, even when the Commerce Clause was amplified by the Necessary and Proper Clause, it still had its limits where its power was concerned. And since Congress had failed to show how regulation of medical marijuana was a necessity in the combating of interstate drug trade, its actions were in violation of the Tenth Amendment. Indeed, further opinion was that the majority Justices had undermined the states’ rights and made for federalism concerns. With such a decision, there was a risk that Congress could improperly regulate intrastate activity that it deemed essential to interstate commerce. Despite these dissenting opinions, however, Gonzales v. Raich
  • 11. succeeded in establishing Congressional power in the regulation of home-grown medical marijuana in a state where medical marijuana had been made legal under state statutes. Conclusion: The Supreme Court, in reversing the lower court’s decision, upheld the law that Congress may regulate intrastate activity in cases where a behavior, in the aggregate, could impact interstate commerce. The court does not require substantial impact, only a plausible story need to be told, such as how the federal government cannot rightly differentiate marijuana grown in somebody’s home and that which is sold in interstate commerce, so as to uphold Congressional action pursuant to the commerce clause. If Congress is to regulate marijuana sold in interstate commerce, it follows, then, that it must be able to regulate that which is grown in one’s own home. References Baird, R.S. (2011). An in depth look at Gonzales v. Raich: The history of medical marijuana and the Commerce Clause. CMC Senior Theses, Paper 125. Retrieved from http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/125 Gonzales v. Raich. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved April 2, 2018, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/2004/03-1454 FindLaw. (2018). Gonzales v. Raich [03-1454]. Retrieved from http://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/545/1.html Legal Dictionary. (n.d.). Gonzales v. Raich. Retrieved from https://legaldictionary.net/gonzales-v-raich/ Rules, regulations, and guaranteed methods of success HOW TO START
  • 12. A SUCCESSFUL FOOD TRUCK 20 18 Table of Content Introduction a. Definition b. Benefits c. Purpose d. Warnings e. Cautions How its done a. Choosing a product b. Choosing a concept c. Finding a truck d. Getting the correct paperwork e. Getting financed f. Making a plan Marketing a. Knowing your audience b. Staying connected c. Keeping it fresh d. Expanding Conclusion a. Review of major steps b. Warnings c. Troubleshooting 1 2 3
  • 13. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 INTRODUCTION With Prince Mohammed bin Salman launching Vision 2030, the future of our Kingdom, we have strived towards nothing but growth and improvement. In 2015, the Ministry of Commerce officially granted the use of food trucks in business. Since then, the food truck market has been more successful than the restaurant
  • 14. market, and it is growing wider and wider every day. WHAT IS A FOOD TRUCK? A food truck is a large vehicle equipped to cook and sell food. This may range from coffee to burgers and so much more. Usually, food trucks tend to park in different areas every now and then to target larger audiences from different places. BENEFITS ATTRACTS MORE CUSTOME RS LOW OPERATION COSTS ALLOWS ONE TO EXPERIMENT WITH LOCATIONS LESS RISK ALLOWS ONE TO EXPAND THE BRAND AT A LOW COST PURPOSE The main purpose of starting your own food truck in Saudi
  • 15. Arabia is taking advantage of the food truck craze going around the country. Even though the industry is tough, and extremely competitive, it allows the entrepreneur to make profit at low investment and low operation costs, which isn’t that much of a risk. WARNINGS Having a well-written, detailed business plan is essential for starting a food truck Despite the fact that it seems effortless and easy, you must not neglect the paperwork that must be done (Licensing, government approval, etc.) in order to operate legally. Do not expect instant success from day one. Spreading the word around takes time and patience 1 2 3 CAUTIONS Start off with realistic expectations and projections of the business’
  • 16. future Make sure to park your food truck at the legally designated points of sale Produce a realistic business plan that apply’s to Saudi Arabia’s rules 1 2 3 CHOOSING A PRODUCT Definition: a product is the item or good that is sold and produced by the business The industry is booming with fresh, new ideas that people cannot get enough of. From lattes served on dry ice to burger buns made of charcoal. Therefore, opening a truck that sells regular, home-made burgers will guarantee failure. The product must have its own identity that stands out of the crowd, at a low cost. Find something you are enthusiastic about, and study the food trucks that sell what is similar to them. Find something that makes you different from them, and start from there.
  • 17. The name of the food truck can be funny, poetic, or abstract. This is the first impression people will get from the business. CHOOSING A CONCEPT Definition: A food truck’s concept is the overall theme that distinguishes the business. Details such as uniforms, presentation, and the design of the vehicle all participate in defining the concept. When choosing a concept, one must take the following into consideration: Identifying what inspires the owner allows them to decide what style of food they’d like to serve, and how they’d like to serve it. When creating a menu. one must understand that they don’t have to please everyone. If a food truck sells Italian pasta, it cannot also sell Japanese sushi. People will get confused, and it will completely throw off the concept. FINDING A TRUCK Definition: a truck is the vehicle that the food truck is operated in. Food trucks operate at low costs because the most consuming liability is the truck itself, which will only be bought once at the
  • 18. start. The best thing to go for would be to find a used food truck that already has built in kitchen equipment, such as a sink and a stove. Building one from a regular truck will cost a lot more, and take up so much time. GETTING THE CORRECT PAPERWORK Commercial Register This is the business’ identity. Just like each person has a passport or an I.D., this is what a commercial register is for. It is issued through the Ministry of Commerce, and no business can run without it. If the truck were to ever face legal issues, the commercial register is the first thing needed to solve the problem. Otherwise, it would be shut down for illegal practice. Municipality License This is to be gotten through the areas municipality, and it shows the local government’s approval for such business to operate
  • 19. under the law. The license specifies the areas in which the truck is allowed to park, and what it is allowed to sell. Saudiazation On paper, it is only allowed for a food truck to have Saudi employees, as part of the governments efforts to decrease unemployment and foreign expatriates. This may not be the case in real life, however it is completely illegal to do the opposite. GETTING FINANCED Definition: Financing relates to the money that is to be spent on the business and anything related to it. Luckily, food trucks cost little to no money. The only thing needed is an initial investment, which is usually less than a quarter of the investment spent on a sit-down restaurant. The government does give out loans for such businesses, in efforts to increase Saudiazation
  • 20. and expanding the local market. After getting the loan, it won’t take that much time to pay it back through the truck’s profit, due to the low operation costs. MAKING A PLAN Definition: a business plan is a document that describes in great detail how a business plans on achieving its goals by writing out a plan that covers all aspects of a business. All of the steps previously mentioned fall into the making of a business plan. This step needs to be taken before anything else is done. It is the roadmap that each business follows in its efforts towards success. This plan displays the truck’s long and short term goals, along with each and every step needed to be taken to reach them. From the benefits and warnings of the market, to how the business is operated, every detail is mentioned in the plan. This is important because it minimizes risk through a full evaluation of the business and everything surrounding it. Everything is supported by facts and evidence, which only makes the entrepreneur more confident in their product.
  • 21. KNOWING YOUR AUDIENCE Definition: a business’ audience is the group of people that purchase items from a business, and the people that are being targeted by the business. Food trucks are cheap and fast, which is why they attract people of all ages and backgrounds. However, audience varies with location. For example, if the business is operating on the beach in the middle of the summer, its audience doesn’t want hot chocolate and marshmallows. However, playing tropical music and serving ice-cold drinks will definitely steer the crowd in your direction. KEEPING IT FRESH Definition: in other words, keeping it “fresh” is how the business constantly improves and expands itself through releasing new products. It is normal for an audience to get bored of a product eventually, and move on to whatever’s new and interesting. This is why one must always find news ways to improve their food. This can be through adding new items to the
  • 22. menu, rebranding the truck, and making sure you keep up with the latest trends, without completely abandoning your identity. EXPANDING Definition: expanding a business refers to covering larger bases of its audience through opening new branches in different locations. After the food truck has experienced success, it is time for it to expand. When costumers from different parts of a city constantly take the time to drive over to a food truck, find out what areas they live in, and choose that as the truck’s next point of operation. However, having the food truck on every street corner isn’t the best way to expand, because it increases operation costs, and decreases sales per truck. It is important to give people what they want, while still leaving some for yourself. REVIEW OF MAJOR STEPS Abide by the law and follow the rules Find an idea that inspires you as the concept of your business Design a business plan
  • 23. Have a strong social media presence Know the audience and what they want WARNINGS/REASSURANCES Never start a business without a strong business plan Expect bumps in the road and difficult challenges, things will almost never be easy Be careful when posting online, and make sure it has a positive effect on the business Expand, but never expand too much. TROUBLESHOOTING In the case of catching oneself doing something illegal, shut down the truck and leave it on standby until gotten right, whether its paperwork or a change in methods of operation If the owner feels as though the location isn’t correlating with the business’ concept, simply move on to the next one. When all efforts towards success have been exhausted, don’t be
  • 24. afraid to put the truck on hold and have it undergo some maintenance. Change up the concept, rebrand the product, and start all over again. COMM 2312 TECHNICAL AND PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION DR. DENIZ PALAK SECTION: 210 MAJOR: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DANA ALBASSAM 201600389 FATEN ALNASSAR 201302248 ROWAN BOUSBAIT 201501922 NOUF ALMUTAIRI 201401080 ASSIGNMENT#3: CAREER-SPECIFIC MANUAL (15%) TOPIC: HOW TO START A SUCCESSFUL FOOD TRUCK