A tour of the respiratory system

1. The Respiratory System

2. Nose and mouth
You can breathe through
your nose or your mouth.
If one has a problem,
usually the other can still
work.

3. Sinuses and nasal cavity
This area warms, cleans and moisturizes the air.

4. Cilia help clean the air before it goes to
the lungs
Dirt and
particles
are caught
by the cilia,
and move
in the
mucous
membrane
until they
are
swallowed.

5. Mucus (snot)
Mucus stops your nose
and lungs from drying
out.
It also traps things like
dust and dirt, and can
kill bacteria.
Your body makes more
than one liter of mucus
every day!

6. epiglottis
Your epiglottis stops food from entering your lungs.

7. Vocal chords

8. trachea
Air goes through your trachea to reach your lungs.

9. The respiratory system

10. lungs
Your lungs inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.
The left lung is smaller than the right lung.

11. Your lungs have the surface area พื้นที่ผิว
of a tennis court!

12. Red blood cells
Red blood cells bring oxygen everywhere in your
body, and bring carbon dioxide back to your lungs,
where it leaves.
Blood is red
because the
oxygen reacts with
the ironธาตุเหล็ก in
your blood and it
rusts สนิม.

13. Diaphragm muscle
The diaphragm muscle enlarges the lungs when you
breathe.

14. alveoli
This is where the
exchange of
oxygen and
carbon dioxide
happens.
We have about
750 million of
them.

15. macrophage
A macrophage is a white
blood cell that lives in
the alveoli. It eats
bacteria and other bad
things in your body.

16. gills
Fish get oxygen from the water through their gills.

17. An earthworm breathes through its
skin

18. An insect breathes through holes
called spiracles

19. cough
Coughing helps clean out your lungs and
throat. It protects you.

20. sneezing
A sneeze is like a
cough that cleans out
your nose. It can be
caused by many things
like dust, pollen or
cold air.

21. yawning
Yawning is a deep
breath that clears the
carbon dioxide out of
your lungs.
If one person yawns,
often other people
will yawn too.

22. Hiccups อาการสะอึก
Hiccups happen when the
diaphragm muscle works
involuntarily. Usually hiccups
go away after a short time.
We don’t really know why
people get hiccups.

23. Why do we need oxygen?
• We need oxygen to be able to use the energy
from our food.

24. hypoxia
• After about four minutes without oxygen,
your brain cells start to die.

25. Mount Everest
The air on a tall mountain can be very thin so it
is difficult to get enough oxygen. Many climbers
get brain damage.

26. bronchitis
Bronchitis is inflammation การอักเสบ of the bronchi of
your lungs. It can cause coughing and mucus. น้ามูก

27. Pneumonia โรคปอดบวม
Pneumonia is a
dangerous illness
that kills many
people.
It affects the lungs
and alveoli and
makes you cough a
lot.

28. Asthma โรคหืด

29. emphysema

30. Lung cancer
Lung cancer is usually caused by smoking, but
non smokers can get it too.

31. Questions
• What muscle helps push air in and out of our lungs?
• What helps us turn air into the sounds of speech?
• What are the large organs in our body that hold air?
• What is one disease of the respiratory system?
• What stops you from breathing in your food?
• What helps clean the air before it gets to your lungs?
• What do fish use to breathe instead of lungs?
• Why do we yawn?
• Why do we cough?
• What carries oxygen and carbon dioxide through our body?
• What liquid helps keep our nose and throat clean and stop
bacteria?
• How much surface area do your lungs have?
• What bad thing can happen if we climb really tall
mountains?