about green fuel in the world.

1. GREEN FUEL
CLEAN FUEL

3. What is green fuel?
Green fuel, also known as biofuel, is a type of fuel distilled
from plants and animal materials, believed by some to be
more environmentally friendly than the widely-
usedfossil fuels that power most of the world. In the
desperate search for alternative energysources, green fuel
has evolved as a possible fueling option as the world drains
its fossil fuel resources. Detractors suggest that the term
"green fuel" is a misnomer, as the processing of crops into
biofuel actually creates a considerable amount of pollution
that may be just as damaging to the environment as current
practices.

4. LIST OF SOME MAJOR GREEN FUEL
Ethanol.
Natural Gas
Electricity
Hydrogen.
Biodiesel.

5. WHAT IS ETHANOL ?
Ethanol fuel is ethyl alcohol, the same type of alcohol found
in alcoholic beverages, used as fuel. It is most often used as
a motor fuel, mainly as a biofuel additive for gasoline. The
first production car running entirely on ethanol was the Fiat
147, introduced in 1978 in Brazil by Fiat. Nowadays, cars are
able to run using 100% ethanol fuel or a mix of ethanol and
gasoline (aka flex-fuel). It is commonly made from biomass
such as corn or sugarcane. World ethanol production for
transport fuel tripled between 2000 and 2007 from
17×109 liters (4.5×109 U.S. gal; 3.7×109 imp gal) to more than
52×109 liters (1.4×1010 U.S. gal; 1.1×1010 imp gal). From 2007
to 2008, the share of ethanol in global gasoline type fuel use
increased from 3.7% to 5.4%

8. About 5% of the ethanol produced in the
world in 2003 was actually a petroleum
product.[18] It is made by the catalytic
hydration of ethylene with sulfuric
acid as the catalyst. It can also be
obtained via ethylene or acetylene,
from calcium carbide,coal, oil gas, and
other sources. Two million short tons
(1,786,000 long tons; 1,814,000 t) of
petroleum-derived ethanol are
produced annually.

9. WHAT IS NATURAL GAS?
Natural gas is a naturally
occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting
primarily of METHANE, but commonly including
varying amounts of other higher alkanes, and
sometimes a small percentage of carbon
dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, or helium.[2] It
is formed when layers of decomposing plant and
animal matter are exposed to intense heat and
pressure under the surface of the Earth over
millions of years. The energy that the plants
originally obtained from the sun is stored in the
form of chemical bonds in the gas

12. Natural gas is a fossil fuel used as a
source of energy for heating, cooking,
and electricity generation. It is also used
as fuel for vehicles and as a chemical
feedstock in the manufacture
of plastics and other commercially
important organic chemicals. It is a non-
renewable resource.[3]
Natural gas is found in deep underground
rock formations or associated with other
hydrocarbon reservoirs in coal beds and
as methane clathrates

13. WHAT IS ELECTRCITY?
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena
associated with the presence and flow of electric
charge. Electricity gives a wide variety of well-
known effects, such aslightning, static
electricity, electromagnetic induction and electric
current. In addition, electricity permits the
creation and reception of electromagnetic
radiation such asradio waves.
In electricity, charges produce electromagnetic
fields which act on other charges. Electricity
occurs due to several types of physics

17. Long before any knowledge of electricity existed, people
were aware of shocks from electric fish. Ancient
Egyptian texts dating from 2750 BCE referred to these fish
as the "Thunderer of the Nile", and described them as the
"protectors" of all other fish. Electric fish were again
reported millennia later by ancient
Greek, Roman and Arabic
naturalists and physicians.[2]Several ancient writers, such
as Pliny the Elder and Scribonius Largus, attested to the
numbing effect of electric shocks delivered
by catfish and electric rays, and knew that such shocks could
travel along conducting objects.[3] Patients suffering from
ailments such asgout or headache were directed to touch
electric fish in the hope that the powerful jolt might cure
them

18. WHAT IS HYDROGEN?
Hydrogen is a chemical element with chemical
symbol H and atomic number 1. With an atomic
weight of 1.00794 u, hydrogen is the lightest element on
the periodic table. Its monatomic form (H) is the most
abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting
roughly 75% of all baryonic mass.[10][note 1] Non-
remnant stars are mainly composed of hydrogen in
the plasma state. The most common isotope of hydrogen,
termed protium (name rarely used, symbol 1H), has
oneproton and no neutrons.
The universal emergence of atomic hydrogen first occurred
during therecombination epoch. At standard temperature
and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless,
non-toxic, nonmetallic, highlycombustible diatomic gas with
the molecular formula H2.

22. WHAT IS BIO DEISEL?
Biodiesel production is the process of producing the biofuel, biodiesel,
through the chemical reactions transesterificationand esterification. This
involves vegetable or animal fats and oils being reacted with short-chain
alcohols (typicallymethanol or ethanol). The alcohols used should be of
low molecular weight, ethanol being one of the most used for its low
cost. However, greater conversions into biodiesel can be reached using
methanol. Although the transesterification reaction can be catalyzed by
either acids or bases the most common means of production is base-
catalyzed transesterification. This path has lower reaction times and
catalyst cost than those posed by acid catalysis. However, alkaline
catalysis has the disadvantage of its high sensitivity to both water and
free fatty acids present in the oils.

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