This document summarizes the male and female reproductive systems. It describes the key parts of each system including testes, sperm, penis, ovaries, eggs, uterus, and fallopian tubes. It explains sperm production and maturation, signs of male puberty, and the female menstrual cycle and ovulation process. The role of hormones like testosterone, estrogen and progesterone are also outlined.

3. Sperm –
the sex cells that are made
by males and that are needed
to fertilize eggs.
1. Tail- swimming
2. Mitochondria- energy
3. Head- chemical to dissolve egg
Shell and DNA information
Testes –
the male reproductive
organs that produce
sperm and testosterone.

4. Scrotum –
the skin covered sac that
surround the testes.
Epididymis –
once sperm are made
they move into this coiled tube
Vas Deferens –
once a sperm matures, it travels
into this tube

5. Semen –
sperm and the added fluids
(nutrients- PH buffers, sperm food)
Urethra - the tube that passes
through the penis. Sperm leave the
body during ejaculation via this tube
Prostate Gland –
the male gland that adds fluid to
the sperm to nourish and protect it.

6. Penis - the organ that
removes urine from the male body
and that can deliver sperm to the female
reproductive system

7. Testosterone - the male
hormone made by the testes.

8. How long does it take
an immature sperm to
mature?
An immature sperm
takes 2 – 10 days
to fully mature.

9. What are some signs that a
male is going through puberty?
Shoulders get wider
& develop muscles
hair grows on the face and
other body parts
voice deepens
At this time testosterone
also causes the body to start
making sperm.

10. •Males produce 2-4 MILLION sperm every
day
•Sperm can live up to 5 days in the female’s
body

12. Eggs - the sex cells of females
that can be fertilized
by sperm
Ovaries –
the female
reproductive
organs that produce
eggs and hormones

13. Fallopian Tubes – connects the
ovaries to the uterus
Uterus - the
muscular organ the
size of a fist where
fertilized eggs
develop.

14. Cervix - the narrow base
of the uterus
Endometrium –
the lining of the uterus that
thickens as an egg matures
Placenta - a blood vessel-rich
tissue that forms in a mother’s
uterus

15. Vagina - reproductive organ that
connects the uterus to the outside of the
body.

16. Ovulation-egg released from ovary into fallopian
tube
Viable for 12-24 hours
Typically one egg, once a month
Hyperovulation- more than one egg released
from ovary to fallopian tube
Ovulation “usually” takes place two weeks
before the onset of the next period
•A woman can get pregnant anytime from about
five days prior to ovulation to even occasionally
two days after, for a total of about seven days.

17. Menstruation is the periodic discharge of blood
and tissue (the endometrium) from the uterus and vagina.
Also known as a woman’s monthly “period”.

18. Menstrual cycle is the cycle of changes that occurs in the
uterus and ovaries for the purpose of sexual reproduction.
It is essential for the production of eggs and
for the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy

19. What are the two female
hormones our body produces?
Girls have all their eggs at birth.
On average, how many are there?
Estrogen and Progesterone
Over 2 Million

20. When do eggs mature?
Eggs only begin to mature
when a girl reaches puberty
How often do eggs mature?
One egg matures
every 28 days
Where are eggs fertilized?
In the fallopian tubes

21. What happens to the egg
if it is not fertilized?
If an egg is not fertilized:
Three Stages
1. Tear Down
2. Rebuild
3. Extra nutrients/blood
for potential baby