2. Conjunctions!
What is Conjunctions?
The action or an instance of two or more
events or things occurring at the same point in
time or space.
a. Coordinating Conjunctions
b. Subordinating Conjunctions
3. a. Coordinating Conjunctions
The simple, little
conjunctions are called
coordinating conjunctions.
There are 7 coordinating
conjunctions:
For, And, Nor, But,
Or, Yet, and So.
4. Coordinate
Conjunction
Relations Examples of Coordinate Conjunction
1. For
(karena)
Cause & Effect
(sebab & akibat)
He didn’t come last night, for he fell asleep.
Mr. Adam is respected for researching issues and
seeking practical solutions.
We had to go to the grocery store, for some milk and
bread.
2. And
(dan)
Addition
(penambahan)
The trainees laughed and cried simultaneously.
Vina and Amel wake up at 5:00
I am, and they go to school at 6:30 am.
3. Nor
(tidak)
Addition
(penambahan)
She didn’t come to the ceremony, nor did her friends.
People in Shizuoka do not have to travel as far to work,
nor do they have to put up with extremely overcrowded
trains.
Neither Joe nor John has any idea what he’s talking
about.
5. Coordinate
Conjunction
Relations Examples of Coordinate Conjunction
4. But
(tapi, namun)
Contrast
(pertentangan)
The man helped in sincerity, but many people
thought negatively about him.
It’s an old car, but it’s very reliable.
I don’t care for the beach, but I enjoy a good
vacation in the mountains.
5. Or
(atau)
Alternative
(pilihan)
What do you prefer to stay at home or go to the
cinema on this weekend?
It can be black, white or grey.
The gold is hidden at the beach or by the
lakeside.
6. Yet
(tapi, namun)
Contrast
(pertentangan)
The book is thick, yet the text is large.
I didn’t study, yet I passed the exam.
You see yet do not hear.
6. Coordinate
Conjunction
Relations Examples of Coordinate Conjunction
7. So
(agar, sehingga)
Result
(hasil, akibat)
Please reconsider, so you will not regret oneday.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
Frank didn’t have enough money to buy an
airplane ticket, so he couldn’t fly home.
7. b. Subordinating Conjunctions
A Subordinating Conjunction
(sometimes called a dependent
word or subordinator) comes at
the beginning of a Subordinate
(or Dependent) Clause and
establishes the relationship
between the dependent clause
and the rest of the sentence.
8. Common Subordinating Conjunctions
after
although
as
as if
as long as
as though
because
before
even if
even though
if
if only
in order that
now that
once
rather than
since
so that
than
that
though
till
unless
until
when
whenever
where
whereas
wherever
while
9. 1. Cause or Reason (because, although,
though)
2. Time (when, was, until, once)
3. Requirement (if, if only, in order that)
4. Contrast (but, now that, even if)
5. Apposition (that)
6. Intent or Purpose (so, so that)
7. Efect or Influence (so)
8. Comparison (as, rather than)
9. Degree (as long as, as...as)
The Use of Subordinating Conjunctions
10. 1. He did not eat the rabbit satay, because he did not like.
(cause or reason)
2. He has completed his task, when I was taking a nap. (time)
3. He would buy shoes, if he knows his shoes numbers.
(requirement)
4. He had to get up early, but he slept again. (cotrast)
5. We all know that you need some this item. (apposition)
6. We always eat fruit, so that we can live healthy. (intent or
purpose)
7. Last lesson has been completed, so we can go home.
(effect or influence)
8. He's smart as his brother. (comparison)
9. Plane has not taken off, as far as I know. (degree)
