type of testing,mobile telephony

1. - PRESENTED BY
GOPAL KUMAR
IT-1(6TH SEM)
1109113046
INDUSTRIALTRAINING
IN
SOFTWARE QUALITYASSURANCE
AND
TESTING

2. ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION.
TESTING ?
METHODS AND LEVELS OF TESTING.
BRIEF REVIEW ON MOBILE PHONES.
HIGHLIGHT ON ANDROID OPERATING SYSTEM.
CHALLENGES AND APPROACH TO TESTING.
CONCLUSION.
REFERENCES.
OVERVIEW

3. An integral part of the Spice Group, SpiceRetail Ltd.
began its journey in the Communication &
Entertainment sector by introducing new age mobile
phones in the Indian market.
SpiceRetail Ltd. achievements in this sector include
introducing the first dual mode phone and dual SIM
PDA (Spice D-1100 GSM/GSM) in the Indian market.
ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION

4. According to ANSI/IEEE 1059 standard, Testing can be
defined as “A process of analyzing a software item to
detect the differences between existing and required
conditions (that is defects/errors/bugs) and to
evaluate the features of the software item”.
In most cases, following professionals are involved in
testing of a system within their respective capacities:
Software Tester
Software Developer
Project Lead/Manager
TESTING

5. Manual Testing :
In this type the tester takes over the role of an
end user and test the Software to identify any un-
expected behavior or bug.
Automation Testing :
Automation testing which is also known as
“Test Automation”, is when the tester writes scripts and
uses another software to test the software.
TYPES OF TESTING

6. AUTOMATION TESTING
Click icon to add picture

7. Black Box Testing :
Typically, when performing a black box test, a
tester will interact with the system’s user interface by
providing inputs and examining outputs without
knowing how and where the inputs are worked upon.
White Box Testing :
In order to perform white box testing on an
application, the tester needs to possess knowledge of
the internal working of the code. The tester needs to
have a look inside the source code and find out which
unit/chunk of the code is behaving inappropriately.
METHODS OF TESTING

8. Grey Box Testing :
It is a technique to test the application with limited
knowledge of the internal workings of an application
The tester has access to design documents and
the database.

9. Functional Testing :
This is a type of black box testing that is based on the
specifications of the software that is to be tested. . Functional
Testing of the software is conducted on a complete, integrated
system to evaluate the system's compliance with its specified
requirements.
 Non-Functional Testing :
This section is based upon the testing of the application from
its non-functional attributes. Non-functional testing of Software
involves testing the Software from the requirements which are
non-functional in nature related but important such as
performance, security, user interface etc.
LEVELS OF TESTING

10.  The first hand-held cell phone was demonstrated
by John F. Mitchell and Dr Martin
Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing
around 2.2 pounds (1 kg).
In 1983, the DynaTAC 8000x was the first to be
commercially available.
BRIEF REVIEW ON MOBILE PHONES

11. The early "0G" (zeroth generation) services like the Bell
System's Mobile Telephone Serviceand its successor, improved
Mobile Telephone Service. These "0G" systems were not cellular,
supported few simultaneous calls, and were very expensive.
These first generatiion ("1G") systems could support far more
simultaneous calls, but still used analog technology.
GENERATIONS IN MOBILE TELEPHONY

12. In 1991, the second generation (2G) digital cellular technology
was launched in Finland by Radiolinja on the GSM standard,
which sparked competition in the sector, as the new operators
challenged the incumbent 1G network operators
In 2001, the third generation (3G) was launched in Japan
by NTT DoCoMo on the WCDMA standard. This was followed
by 3.5G, 3G+ or turbo 3G enhancements based on the high-
speed packet access (HSPA) family, allowing UMTS
networks to have higher data transfer speeds and capacity.

13. Consequently, the industry began looking to data-optimized 4th-
generation technologies, with the promise of speed
improvements up to 10-fold over existing 3G technologies. The
first two commercially available technologies billed as 4G were
the WiMAX standard (offered in the U.S. by Sprint) and
the LTE standard, first offered in Scandinavia by TeliaSonera.
5G is a technology used in research papers and projects to denote
the next major phase of mobile telecommunication standards
beyond the 4G/IMT-Advanced standards. 5G is not officially
used for any specification or official document yet made public
by telecommunication companies or standardization bodies such
as 3GPP, WiMAX Forum, or ITU-R.

14. Android is from Google Inc .
Android is an operating system based on the Linux kernel,
and designed primarily for mobile devices such as
smartphones and tablet computers.
The user interface of Android is based on direct
manipulation, using touch inputs that loosely correspond to
real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching, and
reverse pinching to manipulate on-screen objects.
ANDROID OPERATING SYSTEM

15. Internal hardware—as accelerometers,gyroscopes,​
and proximity sensors - is used by some applications to
respond to additional user actions, for example adjusting
the screen from portrait to landscape depending on how
the device is oriented.
 Despite being primarily designed for phones and tablets,
it also has been used in televisions, games consoles,digital
cameras, and other electronics.
Android has the largest installed base of any mobile
OS and as of 2013, its devices also sell more than
Windows, iOS and Mac OS devices combined.

16. Interface :
The response to user input is designed to be immediate and
provides a fluid touch interface, often using the vibration
capabilities of the device to provide haptic feedback to the user.
Present along the top of the screen is a status bar, showing
information about the device and its connectivity. This status bar
can be "pulled" down to reveal a notification screen where apps
display important information or updates, such as a newly
received email or SMS text, in a way that does not immediately
interrupt or inconvenience the user.
FEATURES

17. INTERFACE
Notifications are accessed by sliding from the top of the display; individual
notifications can be dismissed by sliding them away, and may contain additional
functions (such as on the "missed call" notification seen here).

18. Applications :
Google Play Store allows users to browse, download and update
applications published by Google and third-party developers, and
the Play Store client application is pre-installed on devices that
comply with Google's compatibility requirements and license the
Google Mobile Services software.
Applications ("apps"), that extend the functionality of devices, are
developed primarily in the Java programming language language
using the android software development kit (SDK). The SDK
includes a comprehensive set of development tools, including
a debugger, software libraries , a handset emulator based on QEMU,
documentation, sample code, and tutorials.

19. Memory management :
Android manages the apps stored in memory
automatically: when memory is low, the system will begin
killing apps and processes that have been inactive for a while,
in reverse order since they were last used (oldest first). This
process is designed to be invisible to the user, such that users
do not need to manage memory or the killing of apps
themselves.
When an Android app is no longer in use, the system will
automatically suspend it in memory – while the app is still
technically "open", suspended apps consume no resources
(for example, battery power or processing power) and sit idly
in the background until needed again.

20. Challenges Approximate percentage of
respondents
Managing many different device targets 60
Lack of consistent standards 48
Resources constraints of mobile devices 45
Managing of different operating system
environments
37
Managing special API versions 33
Finding and integration appropriate
development tools
25
CHALLENGES TESTERS FACE

21. COMBINATION COMPLEXITY :
Total Combination
The low grand total = 800 * 185 * 25 for 3,600,000 possible 2 level test cases
The high grand total = 2,000 * 185 * 25 for 9,000,000 possible 2 level test cases
This is a staggering number to ponder .
Applications 800 to 2000 states
Interruptions 100 + 25 + 60 for 185 events
Orientations
25

22. Basically , the mobile phone is tested in the following two states : -
1. Static state
2. Dynamic state
State types Definitions
Dynamic states Dynamic states represents
conditions that are doing an
active process , like saving a file ,
browsing the web or playing a
game .
Static state Static states show the user at a
selectable prompt or entry – like
selecting a video application ,
selecting to play a video.

23. INTERRUPTION MATRIX :
Now we will introduce a method called Feature
Interaction Matrix or Interruption vs Status Matrix. It gives
testers and management a way of perceiving system level
and behavioral issues not seen by normal testing methods.
By arranging the data into rows (states) and
columns(Events), multiple interactions can be observed.
Test cases can be selected, where row and column met.
You can create this method with a simple Excel sheet or
an online system build in platforms like .NET, PHP, Mysql
and Postege Sql.

24. Principles of interruption:
1. Application pauses correctly on interruptions.
2. The current state and data should be saved automatically if
it is interrupted.
3. Application should be resumed after interruptions .
4. If the user exits the application by pressing the End key or
Application key , the application should be close or remain
open in the background .
5. User always has the control over sounds.

25. What it solves:
Test case selection becomes a new issue . There are hundreds
of combinations to select from. Just choosing the right
combination to find issues, can bury the tester. It's hard to
restrict selecting test cases, when they are so easily created . Are
matched pairs an answer? Some pairs are more interesting than
others.
Data interruptions:
When a data interruption interferes with a data action, the
program controls it. The programmer is quite ready to solve
those issues. Crossing the functional edge of the control
structure, leaves the system with different considerations.

26. Audio hand offs :
Audio hand offs are particularly sensitive and may find some very
unusual issues. Some examples of incomplete hand offs are:
Muting that reaches into areas where they shouldn't .
Audio control that gets locked with the interruptions control and never
returns to system control .
Volume adjustments that are either maintained or lostwhen switching
sources.
Network switch overs :
Network switch overs happen in the background, but can be of real
interest. This is especially true when multiple resources switch back and
forth. Consider concentrations on doing the possible RF switching
between GSM, LTE,3G,WIFI and Bluetooth. Concurrency issues can
surface , where each action and program by itself works fine. When we
join them together, it becomes inconsistent.

27. Cross audio control and data transfer items :
Cross audio control and data transfer items area great source of issues.
Your ears can pick up a single missed note or slur in the replay, while data
transfers area active. Look at it this way : data interruptions are used to
handling the data control. When the effect of audio comes into the play, the
data control might take too much processing power. It could drop audio or
suspend the audio actions. Users are very sensitive to missing the beat. So
these types of transitions are a primary
interest.
 Architectural visualization :
User initiated background applications like a music player adds another
diminution to testing. T Picture the music player in the background, with
another non-audio application, working in the foreground. Then put an
incoming call in place. You would think that it is the same thing as testing the
music player in the foreground, with an interruption but it isn't. Problems
found can include:
Loss of control of the audio .
A complete lack of being able to return to the background player.

28.  Matrix Layout : This diagram shows how to select an individual test case
from the matrix. The intersection of S1 and IE1 creates a test case. The user
starts with an S1 state, at a selected orientation. It is adjusted to the
interruption orientation, and then the IE1 interruption occurs.

29. Benefits :
Because more test case interactions can be accounted for,
there should be a significant reduction in phones being returned.
The tester is free to focus on other tasks, since the
combinations are automatically calculated.
Management and marketing can focus on new mobile phone
releases, without sacrificing quality.
Users are happier with the phone products, as they should
have a better communication experience with others.

30. Projects worked on :
Worked and Learned software testing related things on the following
Projects under the supervision of respective Project Owner. Spreadtrum
based Feature Phones : M-5373
TOOLS USED :
Flash Downloaded Tool: Used for Software flashing (firmware upgrade)
for MediaTek Chipset Feature Phone
Upgrade Download: Used for Software flashing (firmware upgrade) for
Spreadtrum Chipset Feature /smart Phone
Smart Phone Flash Tool: Used for Software flashing (firmware
upgrade) for MediaTek Chipset smart Phone .
CONCLUSION

31. www.wikipedia.org
www.ansi.org
www.google.com
www.tutorialspoint.com
www.si2imobility.co.in
REFERENCES