TREATY OF VERSAILLES - TEST 2 - PHOTO
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TREATY OF VERSAILLES - TEST 2
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TREATY OF VERSAILLES - TEST 2 - PHOTO
- 1. TEST 2 PHOTO TEST TOV IGCSE HISTORY
- 2. Photo Test Write your name. Recognise the photo. Write the answer in the paper provided. 30 MINUTES
Editor's Notes
- 1. Signing the armistice in the Palace Car at Compiegne.
- 2. Armistice celebration in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA on November 11, 1918. Thousands of people and a replica of the Statue of Liberty on Broad Street.
- 3. The German army retreating through Belgium at the end of the First World War WW1 November 1918.
- 4. The Big Three plus Orlando , the PM of Italy
- 5. The Hall of Mirrors, where they signed the treaty.
- 6. The borders of Eastern Europe, as drawn up by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
- 7. British Prime Minister David Lloyd George
- 8. German delegate Johannes Bell signing the Treaty of Versailles in the Hall of Mirrors, with various Allied delegations sitting and standing in front of him
- 9. Final German territorial losses after World War I.
- 10. German colonies (light blue) were made into League of Nations mandates.
- 11. Workmen decommissioning a heavy gun, to comply with the treaty
- 12. Location of the Rhineland (yellow)
- 13. A scene at the Central Recruiting Station, 1914.The response to Lord Kitchener's appeal. At the beginning of 1914 the British Army had a reported strength of 710,000 men including reserves, of which around 80,000 were regular troops. By the end of the First World War almost 1 in 4 of the total male population of the United Kingdom had joined up, over five million men.
- 14. Italian Premier Vittorio Orlando
- 15. German delegates in Versailles: Professor Walther Schücking, Reichspostminister Johannes Giesberts, Justice Minister Otto Landsberg, Foreign Minister Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff-Rantzau, Prussian State President Robert Leinert, and financial advisor Carl Melchior
- 16. The first page of the edition of the Domenica del Corriere, an Italian paper, with a drawing of Achille Beltrame depicting Gavrilo Princip killing Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria in Sarajevo.
- 17. Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States of America.
- 18. This photograph was taken in the forest of Compiègne after reaching an agreement for the armistice that ended World War I. This railcar was given to Ferdinand Foch for military use by the manufacturer, Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits. Foch is second from the right.
- 19. Georges Clemenceau, PM of France
- 20. Zone Rouge (red area), showing condition immediately following the war: totally destroyed areas in red, areas of major damage in yellow and moderately damaged areas in green
- 21. Avocourt, 1918, one of the many destroyed French villages, candidates for reconstruction funded by reparations
- 22. Norman Davis, one of the two authors of Article 231. John Foster Dulles is the second author of this clause. Davis and Dulles produced a compromise between the Anglo-French and American positions, wording Article 231 and 232 to reflect that Germany "should, morally, pay for all war costs, but, because it could not possibly afford this, would be asked only to pay for civilian damages."
- 23. German Foreign Minister Count Ulrich von Brockdorff-Rantzau, headed the 180-strong German peace delegation.
- 24. Trains, loaded with machinery, deliver their cargo as reparation payment in kind.
- 25. Demonstration against the treaty in front of the Reichstag.
- 26. The Gap in the Bridge; the sign reads "This League of Nations Bridge was designed by the President of the U.S.A." Cartoon from Punch magazine, 10 December 1920, satirising the gap left by the US not joining the League.
- 27. Photograph of Trafalgar Square, London, as news of the end of World War One is broken. Dated 1918.
- 28. Cartoon about the reparations.
- 29. Original Fourteen Point Speech page1
- 30. Wilson's Fourteen Points as the only way to peace for German government, American political cartoon, 1918.
- 31. The lamb from the slaughter - cartoon.
- 32. Wilson with his 14 points choosing between competing claims. Babies represent claims of the British, French, Italians, Polish, Russians, and enemy. American political cartoon, 1919.
- 33. Lev Kamenev arriving at Brest-Litovsk. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (also known as the Brest Peace in Russia) was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, between the new Bolshevik government of Russia and the Central Powers (German Empire, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I.
- 34. The Watch on the Rhine (The Last Phase) was originally exhibited in Canada as part of the Canadian War Memorials exhibitionn in 1920. The painting's many symbolic elements represent Germany's defeat and the triumph of the Allied forces. In the foreground, a British Howitzer faces out across the Rhine. The painting's powerfull imagery is reinforced by the artist's emphasis on the enormous gun. A British sentry stands on guard to one side. The 1920 exhibition's accompanying catalogue noted that both the old Germany and the new Germany were denoted through the contrast of the ancient hills and the new factory chimney. William Rothenstein (1872-1945), a british artist, was born in Bradford, Yorkshire. He worked as an official war artist for the Canadian War Memorials Fund between 1917 and 1918, and served as an official artist to the Canadian Army of Occupation in Germany from 1919 to 1920.
- 35. German civilians waiting to be searched for firearms by Belgian soldiers before being allowed to pass over Ober-Kassel-Dusseldorf Bridge.
- 36. Armed soldiers carry a banner reading 'Communism', Nikolskaya street, Moscow, October 1917. During Russian Revolution.
- 37. Dr. Karl Renner, head of the Austrian delegation at the Peace Conference, addressing the other delegates when receiving the peace conditions of the Treaty of St. Germain.
- 38. Arrival of the two signatories, Ágost Benárd and Alfréd Drasche-Lázár, on 4 June 1920 at the Grand Trianon Palace in Versailles.
- 39. Bulgaria after the Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine.
- 40. Map of the Treaty of Sèvres on the day of its signing (August 10, 1920).
- 41. Kemal Atatürk was the Turkish field marshal (Mareşal), revolutionary statesman, author, and founder of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first President from 1923 until his death in 1938. His leadership undertook sweeping progressive reforms, which modernized Turkey into a secular, industrial nation. Ideologically a secularist and nationalist, his policies and theories became known as Kemalism.
- 42. An illustration from a 1919 Austrian postcard showing a caricatured Jew stabbing the German Army in the back with a dagger. The capitulation was blamed upon the unpatriotic populace, the Socialists, Bolsheviks, the Weimar Republic, and especially the Jews.
- 43. Reichspräsident Friedrich Ebert: (1923), as Provisional President of the Weimar Republic in 1919, he contributed to the myth, in telling home-coming veterans that "no enemy has vanquished you".
- 44. Paul von Hindenburg was the German general and statesman who commanded the Imperial German Army during World War I and later became President of Germany from 1925 until his death, during the Weimar Republic. He played a key role in the Nazi Machtergreifung in January 1933 when, under pressure from advisers, he appointed Adolf Hitler Chancellor of Germany even though the Nazis were a minority in both the cabinet and the Reichstag.
- 45. American political cartoon depicting the contemporary view of German reparations, 1921.
- 46. John Keynes - caricature by David Low, 1934. Keynes was a British economist, whose ideas fundamentally changed the theory and practice of macroeconomics and the economic policies of governments.
- 47. Most of the negotiations were in Paris, with the "Big Four" meetings taking place generally at the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the Quai d'Orsay.
- 48. The Lausanne Conference was a 1932 meeting of representatives from the United Kingdom, Germany, and France that resulted in an agreement to suspend World War I reparations payments imposed on the defeated countries by the Treaty of Versailles. Held from June 16 to July 9, 1932, it was named for its location in Lausanne, Switzerland.
- 49. The Schleswig plebiscites were two plebiscites, organized according to section XII, articles 100 to 115 of the Treaty of Versailles of 28 June 1919, in order to determine the future border between Denmark and Germany through the former duchy of Schleswig. The process was monitored by a commission with representatives from France, the United Kingdom, Norway and Sweden.
- 50. Cathedral at Ypres as it appeared at the end of 1916.