STUDY OF HOSE DRILL I HOSE CONNECTION I HOSE LAYING ETC I Gaurav Singh Rajput I gauravsinghrajput I gauravkrsrajput

1. STUDY OF HOSE DRILL, HOSE CONNECTION,
HOSE LAYING ETC.
Gaurav Singh Rajput
B. Tech Safety & Fire Engineering, CUSAT
Assistant Manager- HSEF, at NAYARA ENERGY LTD

2. HOSEA hose is a flexible hollow tube designed to carry fluids
from one location to another.

3. Carries water or other fire retardant (such as foam)
to a fire to extinguish it
Attached either to a fire engine or a fire hydrant
FIRE HOSE

4. FIREHOSE
COUPLINGS

5. REQUIRED PERFORMANCES IN HOSE
Reliability
Safe operation at
required
pressure
When
pressurized
No kink
Length < 5%
Diameter < 10%

6. OTHER PREREQUISITES
• Lightweight
• Easy and Neat Rolling into low diameter stable coils
• No mechanical damage to performance
• No rotting
• Durable
• Less Friction Loss (BS 6391 : Smooth Inner Lining)
• Withstand more than 10 bar (Shock Loading)

7. WARP YARN
WEFT YARN

8. Plain Weave Jacket

9. Wrap Faced Twill Weft Faced Twill

10. HOSE
DELIVERY HOSESUCTION HOSE HOSE REEL HOSE

11. SUCTION HOSE
• Suction side
• P above / below Patm
• Sufficient strength in case of
vacuum inside
• Length = 2.4 or 3 m
• Dia = 75, 100, 140 mm
• Weight = 2.1, 3.3, 5.65 kg/m

12. SUCTION
HOSE

13. Types of Suction Hose
Suction Hose
Partially Embedded Fully Embedded

14. Hose Reel Hose
• Non-percolating
• Small ID = 19mm
• Flexible
• Carried on a drum
• Water flow rate not less than 24 lpm
• Range of jet not less than 6m

15. Delivery Hose
• Delivery side of pump
to fire spot
• P > Patm
Delivery
Hose
Unlined
Type A Type B
Lined

16. Unlined Hose
• Have tendency to rot
• Use is limited now
• Type A : - Used under normal fire
condition
• Type B : - Outer covering
• Flax, Hemp, Ramie

17. Lined Hose
• Non-susceptible to rotting
• Thick additional cover against abrasion, heat
• Widely used in fire service
• Apart from flax and cotton
Nylon and Terelene
• Impervious to water

18. Types of Fire fighting Hose
• Percolating Hose
• Plain Lined Hose
• Reinforced Rubber Lined Hose
• Coated Hose
• Covered Hose

19. PERCOLATING HOSE
• Forestry Fire Fighting
• Flax yarn
• Unlined
• Seepage of water through hose jacket
• Heavy, bulky, inflexible and difficult to
handle

20. Plain Lined
• Reinforcement jacket
(Polyester or Nylon)
• Impervious inner lining
of vulcanised rubber
• Lining fixed to jacket by
adhesive

21. Reinforced Rubber Lining
• Intermediate fabric reinforcement
• Extra- reinforcement

22. Coated Hose
• Thin coating of water-resistant rubber
• chemicals, solvents and fungal attacks
• Not much against heat and abrasion

23. Covered Hose
• Outer cover
• Protection to reinforcement jacket

24. CAUSES
Abrasion Mildew Shock
Rubber
Acid
General
Care and Maintenance

25. Abrasion – Cause and Prevention
• Cause
- Dragging
- First Point where it touches the ground
• Prevention
- Do not Drag
- hose ramps on road crossing
- change relative position of hose in locker

26. Mildew – Cause and Prevention
• Cause
- Fungus (cellulose of fibre)
- damp
• Prevention
- Proper Drying
- Adequate Ventilation
without exposure to
sunlight

27. Shock
• Cause
- Rolls thrown roughly
- Branch suddenly shut off
• Prevention
- Never throw roughly
- Increase the pressure gradually

28. Rubber Acid
• Cause
- Rubber lined: not properly drained
- S  H2SO4
• Prevention
- Drain well
- Dry Properly

29. HOSE CONNECTION
CONNECTION OF TWO OR MORE FIRE HOSES.
CONNECT A HOSE LINE TO A HYDRANT, WITH A TAP OR A HOSE APPLIANCES.
IS 902:1992

30. SHANK
FEMALE PART
MALE PART
FIRE HOSE

31. METHORD OF COUPLING
ONE- PERSON FOOT-TILT METHORD
 TWO-PERSON METHORD

32. PERFORMING THE ONE-PERSON FOOT-TILT METHORD
 Place one foot on the hose behind the male coupling.
 push down with your foot to tilt the male coupling upward.
 place the other hand behind the female coupling and grasp
the hose.

34. PERFORMING THE TWO-PERSON METHORD
 Pick up the male end of the coupling. Grasp it directly behind
the coupling and hold it tightly against the body.
 The second brigade member hold the female coupling firmly
with both hands.
 The second brigade member brings the female coupling to the
male coupling.

35. The second brigade member aligns the female coupling
with the male coupling.
The second brigade member turns the female coupling
counter clockwise until it clicks. This indicates the threads
are aligned.
Turn the female coupling clockwise to couple the hoses.

37. METHORD OF UNCOUPLING
ONE-PERSON KNEE-PRESS METHORD
TWO-PERSON STIFF-ARM METHORD

38. PERFOMING THE ONE-PERSON KNEE-PRESS METHORD
 Pick up the connection by the female coupling end.
 Turn the connection upright resting the male coupling on a film
surface.
 Place a knee on the female coupling and with body weight
press down. Turn the female swivel counterclockwise and
loosen the coupling.

40. PERFORMING THE TWO-PERSON STIFF-ARM METHORD
 Two brigade member face each other and firmly grasp their
respective coupling.
 With elbows locked straight, the brigade members push
toward each other.
 While pushing toward each other, the brigade members turn
the coupling counter clockwise, loosening the coupling.

42. HOSE APPLIANCES AND TOOLS
Wyes
Water thief
Siamese
Adaptor
Reducer
Hose jacket
Hose roller
Hose clamp
Master stream devices
Wyes
Water thief
Siamese
Adaptor
Reducer
Hose jacket
Hose roller
Hose clamp
Hose ramp

43. WYES
A wyes is a device that splits one hose stream into two hose streams.
One female connection and two male connections.
Single inlet and two outlets.

44. WATER THIEF
 The water that comes from a single inlet can be directed to a
multiple outlets and one outlet that same size as the inlet.

45. SIAMESE
It combine two hose lines into one.
Two female inlets into single outlet.
This increases the flow of water on the outlet side.

46. ADAPTORS
Adaptors are used for connecting hose couplings of the same
diameter that have dissimilar threads.
DOUBLE-FEMALE ADAPTOR- To join two male hose
couplings.
DOUBLE-MALE ADAPTOR- To join two female hose
couplings.

47. DOUBLE-MALE
DOUBLE-FEMALE

48. REDUCER
Reducer is used to attach a smaller hose to a larger hose.
The larger end has a female connection and the smaller end has a male
connection.
Reduces 21/2 to 11/2

49. HOSE JACKET
Used to stop a leakage section of hose.
It provide a temporary fix until the section of hose can be replaced.
It consist of a split metal cylinder.

50. HOSE ROLLER
A roller is used to protect a hose when it is hoisted over a sharp
edge of a roof or a windowsill.
Also used during rope rescue operations.

51. HOSE CLAMP
A hose clamp is used to temporarily interrupt the flow of water in a hose line.
Used during defensive fire fighting operations.
A hose clamp should always be opened slowely to prevent water hammer.

52. HOSE RAMP
Hose ramp is used for protecting hose from traffic during fire fighting.

53. VALVES
Valves are used to control the flow of water in a hose line.
1. BALL VALVES- These valves are used on nozzles, gated wyes, and
engine discharge gate.
2. GATE VALVES- These valves are found on hydrants and on sprinkler
systems.
3. BUTTERFLY VALVES- These valves are often found on the large pump
intake connections where a hard suction hose or soft suction hose is
connected.

54. BALL VALVES
Ball

55. GATE VALVES
handle
plate

56. BUTTERFLY VALVES

57. SPANNERS
A fire hose spanner wrenches are used to loosen two hoses apart or two tighten
two hoses together.

58. Hose Lay

59. Hose laying
• It is generally a fire fighting skill perform during fire incident
to supply water from water source to fire incident point.

60. OBJECTIVE OF LAYING
• The objective of hose laying is to deliver water from a hydrant
or an alternative water source to an attack engine.
• In most cases this operation involves laying hose line with
moving vehicle or dropping continuous line hose out of a bed
as vehicle move forward.

61. Types of hose laying
There are three basic hose lays used when setting up hoses for a
fire.
• forward hose lay
• Reverse hose lay
• Split hose lay

62. Forward hose lay
The forward hose lay starts at the hydrant and proceeds toward the fire.
The forward hose lay is most often used by the first arriving engine company at the fire scene.
This method allow the engine company to establish a water supply without assistance from an
additional company.
The forward lay also places the attack engine close to fire, allowing access to additional tool
and equipment.
Forward hose lay can performed using medium diameter hose(2.5 inch or 3 inch) or larger
diameter hose( 3.5 inch or larger) .
Larger the diameter of hose the more water that can be delivered to the attack engine
When medium diameter hose is used, the bed are arranged to lay dual lines .

63. Steps to perform forward lay
• Gather the hose. Collect enough hose to reach and surround the hydrant. Wait for the fire
engine to come to a complete stop a few feet from the hydrant. Listen to the incident
commander in charge to see which type of hose to unwind from the vehicle. Be sure to
unroll the hose at a medium rate of speed to avoid having too much hose coming off the
reel. Check to be sure the hydrant wrench and all other necessary tools are with you.
Carefully step off the fire truck.
• Attack the hydrant. This is the phrase used by firefighters. Loop the hose around the
hydrant. Signal the driver to advance the fire truck to the fire. Wait for the supply line to lie
flat on the ground. Remove the corresponding hydrant cap that is nearest to the fire. Check
the hydrant to be sure it is working properly. Attach the supply hose to the hydrant outlet.
• Open the hydrant. Wait for the driver of the fire truck to attach the end of the hose to the
pump inlet. Slowly open the hydrant all the way once the driver gives the predetermined
signal. Follow the hose back to the fire engine. Remove any kinks in the hose.

64. Forward lay

65. FORWARD HOSE LAYING

66. Reverse hose lay
• Reverse hose lay is the opposite of the forward lay. In reverse
lay, the hose is laid out from the fire to the hydrant,in the
opposite direction to the flow of water.
• This method can be used when the attack engine arrives at the
scene without a supply line
• It may be a standard tactic in area where sufficient hydrants
are available.

67. Steps to perform reverse hose lay
• Perform the short strip. This is a basic drill where all the firemen grab their personal assigned
equipment. One fireman grabs the manifold and hose chosen by the incident commander (person in
charge) and rolls enough hose from the hose bed so the manifold can be placed in the necessary
location. Again, he must remember to unroll the hose at a moderate rate so the hose reel will not
release an unnecessary amount of hose.
• Perform the reverse hose lay. The designated fireman secures the manifold and hose at the fire by
attaching the hose to a nearby object such as a tree or street sign. At the fireman's signal, the engine
driver proceeds to lay the hose back to the hydrant at the speed of 5 to 10 miles per hour.
• Open the hydrant. The fireman at the hydrant slowly opens the hydrant and the engine driver
increases the water pressure to 150 pounds per square inch. Other firemen will follow the directions
of the officer in charge and will connect and extend any more hose if needed.

68. REVERSE LAY

69. REVERSE HOSE LAYING

70. Split hose lay
• Split hose lay is performed by two engine company in
situations where hose must be laid in two different direction to
establish water supply
• This method could be used when the attack engine must
approach a fire either along a dead end street with no hydrant
or down a long drive way

71. Steps to perform reverse hose lay
• Release the hose. Drop the end of the hose at the corner of the street. This
is done by the firemen on tSecure the hose. Affix the hose to a fixed object
such as a tree or street sign to keep the hose from dragging. A dragging
hose causes damage to the fibers in the hose and damages the threads and
swivels in the couplings.
• Proceed to the fire. Pull off enough hose and perform a forward lay to the
fire. The supply engine will come and connect its supply line to the one
secured to the tree and proceed to do a reverse lay to the hydrant.he
attack pumper.

72. Spill hose lay

73. SPLIT HOSE LAY

74. REFERENCE
•Fundamentals of fire fighter skills
•Manual of Firemanship Book II, Fire Service Equipments
•Manual of fire safety (N SESHA PRAKASH)
•You tube (for videos)

75. THANK YOU…!!!