Draft report-bannon -lenin_or_lazarus_

Bannon: Lenin or Lazarus?
By Phil73
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
He wrote that “It should not be expected of women that they return to what they really are
… when men themselves retain only the semblance of true virility”, and lamented that “men
instead of being in control of sex are controlled by it and wander about like drunkards…”
He believed that in Tantra and in sexual magic, in which he saw a strategy for aggression,
he found the means to counter the “emasculated” West.
Aryanism Evola otherwise spoke of “inferior non-European races” and as noted by Merkl,
“Evola was never prepared to discount the value of blood altogether, and he later wrote:”a
certain balanced consciousness and dignity of race can be considered healthy, especially if
one thinks of where we are going in our time with the exaltation of the negro and all the
rest, with the anticolonialist psychosis, and with the ‘integrationist’ fanaticism: all parallel
phenomena in the decline of Europe and the West.“” In Mussolini’s Intellectuals, A. James
Gregor stated that: “[In the German rendering of Imperialismo pagano, Heidnischer
Imperialismus], Evola argues that it is out of the creativity of an ‘ur-Aryan’ and ‘solar-
Nordic’ blood that world culture emerges.
(2002), “Julius Evola’s Political Endeavors,” introduction to Evola, Men Among the Ruins,
(Vermont: Inner Traditions).
He was an officer in the United States Navy for seven years in the late 1970s and early
1980s, serving on the destroyer USS Paul F. Foster as well as at the Pentagon.
Service as Naval officer Bannon was an officer in the United States Navy for seven years in
the late 1970s and early 1980s, serving on the destroyer USS Paul F. Foster as a surface
warfare officer in the Pacific Fleet and stateside as a special assistant to the Chief of Naval
Operations at the Pentagon.
Algorithmic Content
economic nationalism
Economic nationalism is an umbrella term that includes economic policies and theories
designed to improve the domestic economy relative to foreign economies. It therefore
subsumes theories such as economic patriotism, protectionism, and mercantilism, all of
which are different forms of economic nationalism. Economic nationalists oppose
globalization, or at least question the benefits of unrestricted free trade.

Julius Evola
Baron Giulio Cesare Andrea Evola (Italian pronunciation: [ˈɛːvola]; 19 May 1898 – 11 June
1974), better known as Julius Evola (/ˈdʒuljəs ɛˈvoʊlə/), was an Italian philosopher, painter,
and esotericist. According to the scholar Franco Ferraresi, "Evola’s thought can be
considered one of the most radical and consistent antiegalitarian, antiliberal,
antidemocratic, and antipopular systems in the twentieth century. It is a singular (though
not necessarily original) blend of several schools and traditions, including German
idealism, Eastern doctrines, traditionalism, and the all-embracing Weltanschauung of the
interwar konservative Revolution with which Evola had a deep personal involvement."
Historian Aaron Gillette described Evola as "one of the most influential fascist racists in
Italian history." Evola was admired by the Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini. He
idolized the Nazi SS and admired the SS head Heinrich Himmler, whom he knew personally,
and spent World War II working for the Nazi SD. In a trial in 1951, Evola, who denied being
a Fascist, referred to himself as a ‘superfascist’. Concerning this statement, historian
Elisabetta Cassina Wolff wrote that "It is unclear whether this meant that Evola was placing
himself above or beyond Fascism."
Evola was the "chief ideologue" of Italy's terrorist radical right after World War II. He
continues to influence contemporary neofascist movements, as well as many leaders of the
Alt-right movement.
Many of Evola's theories and writings were centered on his idiosyncratic mysticism,
occultism, and esoteric religious studies, and this aspect of his work has influenced
occultists and esotericists. Evola also advocated domination and rape as a component of his
proposed sexual magic practices; this misogynist outlook stemmed from his extreme right
views on gender roles, which demanded absolute submission from women.
Steve Bannon
Stephen Kevin "Steve" Bannon (born November 27, 1953) is an American political aide,
former media executive and film producer, currently serving as assistant to the President
and White House chief strategist in the Trump administration. In this capacity, since
January 28, 2017, he has been a regular attendee to the Principals Committee of the U.S.
National Security Council.
Before assuming the White House position, Bannon was the chief executive officer of
Trump's 2016 presidential campaign. Before his political career, he was executive chair of
Breitbart News, a far-right news, opinion, and commentary website which he described in
2016 as "the platform for the alt-right".
Bannon has been a naval officer, banker, radio host, research director, film producer and
media executive. He was an officer in the United States Navy for seven years in the late
1970s and early 1980s, serving on the destroyer USS Paul F. Foster as well as at the
Pentagon. After his military service, he worked at Goldman Sachs as an investment banker
in the Mergers and Acquisitions Department. When he left the company, Bannon held the
position of vice president. In 1993, he was made acting director of the Earth-science

research project Biosphere 2. In the 1990s, he became an executive producer in the
Hollywood film and media industry and has produced 18 films since 1991. Bannon holds
two master's degrees.
which are different forms of economic nationalism. Economic nationalists oppose
globalization, or at least question the benefits of unrestricted free trade.
Historical Examples
Governments have traditionally had a strong interest in preserving their economic, and
therefore political, strength, and have therefore sought to use the tools at their disposal,
particularly tax structure and discretionary spending, to stimulate economic growth. This
was especially true when warfare was endemic in the early-modern period: a strong
economy often meant the difference between political independence, and conquest by a
foreign power. This resulted in the economic system generally known as mercantilism.
The Italian City State of Venice designed its whole economy around expanding its national
power. For example, Venice mandated that all trade carried on Venetian ships must stop in
Venice, regardless of its origin and destination. This guaranteed Venice a bigger share of
any profits made in the spice trade. Although this was less economically efficient, the cost
was passed onto consumers, while Venice benefited from its position as middleman. Venice
also only imported raw materials, leaving the refining and processing to be done by
Venetian craftsmen. The success of this strategy was noted by a prominent Venetian
businessman:
Nothing is better to increase and enrich the condition of our city than to give all liberty and
occasion that commodities of our city be brought here and procured here ratherthan
elsewhere, because this results in advantage both to the state and to private persons.
Great Britain pursued economically nationalistic policies during the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries. The two pillars of its economic strategy were: (1) high tariff rates and
(2) acquiring new markets for its products. In the mid-1700s, the average tariff rate in
Britain was 30%, by the 1820s it had grown to 57%. This shut out foreign manufactured
goods from British markets, and was one of the primary conditions enabling the Industrial
Revolution.
The US also practiced economic nationalism during the nineteenth and early twentieth
century. This was done primarily through the imposition of high tariffs and the acquisition
of markets in Central and South America. High tariffs were the norm in America's economic
life, and were the favored policies of Presidents Washington, Lincoln, Grant, and Theodore
Roosevelt.

ModernExamples
Examples of this include Henry Clay's American System, French Dirigisme, Japan's use of
MITI to "pick winners and losers", Malaysia's imposition of currency controls in the wake of
the 1997 currency crisis, China's controlled exchange of the yuan, Argentina's economic
policy of tariffs and devaluation in the wake of the 2001 financial crisis and the United
States' use of tariffs to protect domestic steel production.
As a Policy is a deliberate system of principles to guide decisions and achieve rational
outcomes, the following list of would be examples of an economic nationalistic policy, were
there a consistent and rational doctrine associated with each individual protectionist
measure:
Proposed takeover of Arcelor (Spain, France and Luxembourg) by Mittal (India).
French governmental listing of Danone (France) as a 'strategic industry' to pre-empt a
potential takeover bid by PepsiCo (USA).
Blocked takeover of Autostrade, an Italian toll-road operator by the Spanish company
Abertis.
Proposed takeover of Endesa (Spain) by E.ON (Germany), and the counter-bid by Gas
Natural (Spain).
Proposed takeover of Suez (France) by Enel (Italy), and the counter-bid by Gaz de France
(France).
United States Congressional opposition to the takeover bid for Unocal (USA) by CNOOC (PR
China), and the subsequent takeover by Chevron (USA).
Political opposition in 2006 to sell port management businesses in six major U.S. seaports
to a company DP World based in the United Arab Emirates
Case of new draft legislation at the beginning of 2007 restricting foreign companies' access
to Russia's natural-resource wealth and selected Russian industries.
The New Zealand Government veto of the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board's bid for
a majority stake in Auckland Airport in 2008.
The renationalization since 2003 in Argentina of numerous formerly state-owned firms
privatized during the 1990s; some of the most significant firms controlled by foreign
ownership at the time of their renationalization include Aguas Argentinas (the water utility
serving Buenos Aires), Aerolíneas Argentinas, the energy firm YPF, and Metrogas.
The reason for a policy of economic protectionism in the cases above varied from bid to
bid, In the case of Mittal's bid for Arcelor, the primary concerns involved job security for
the Arcelor employees based in France and Luxembourg. The cases of French Suez and
Spanish Endesa involved the desire for respective European governments to create a
'national champion' capable of competing at both a European and global level. Both the
French and US government used national security as the reason for opposing takeovers of

Danone, Unocal, and the bid by DP World for 6 US ports. In none of the examples given
above was the original bid deemed to be against the interests of competition. In many cases
the shareholders supported the foreign bid. For instance in France after the bid for Suez by
Enel was counteracted by the French public energy and gas company Gaz De France the
shareholders of Suez complained and the unions of Gaz De France were in an uproar
because of the privatization of their jobs.
Trumponomics
More recently, the emergence of Trumponomics in the United States in the wake of the
United States presidential election, 2016 was considered by some as a (partial) return to
the economic nationalism of the Theodore Roosevelt Era.
Economic patriotism
Economic patriotism is the coordinated and promoted behaviour of consumers or
companies (both private and public) that consists of favoring the goods or services
produced in their country or in their group of countries. Economic patriotism can be
practiced either through demand stimulation (encouraging consumers to purchase the
goods and services of their own country) or through supply protection, the shielding of the
domestic market from foreign competition through tariffs or quotas (protectionism). A
recently emerging form of economic patriotism is financial protectionism, the hostility
against acquisitions by foreign groups of companies considered of "strategic value" for the
economy of the country.
Objectives
The objective is to support economic activity and promote social cohesion. The supporters
of economic patriotism describe it as a kind of self-defence of local economic interests
(national or supranational in case of the countries of the European Union). Some
manifestations of economic patriotism are attempts to block foreign competition or
acquisitions of domestic companies. An often cited example is France, where economic
patriotism was the main rationale used in the Pepsico-Danone, Mittal-Arcelor, and GDF-
Suez affairs.
In the United States, an example of economic patriotism would be the numerous bumper
stickers: "Be American, Buy American".
Criticism
Consumer preference for local goods gives local producers more market power, affording
them the ability to lift prices to extract greater profits. Firms that produce locally produced
goods can charge a premium for that good. Consumers who favor products by local
producers may end up being exploited by profit-maximizing local producers. For example;
a protectionist policy in America placed tariffs on foreign cars, giving local producers (Ford
and GM market) market power that allowed them to raise the price of cars, which
negatively affected American consumers who faced fewer choices and higher prices.

Locally produced goods can attract a premium if consumers show a preference towards it,
so firms have an incentive to pass foreign goods off as local goods if foreign goods have
cheaper costs of production than local goods. This is a viable strategy because the line
between foreign-made and locally-made is blurry. However, as supply chains expand
globally, the definition of local goods becomes hazy. For example, while a particular car
may be assembled in America, its engine may be made in another country such as China.
Furthermore, while the engine may be made in China, the engine's components may be
imported from several other countries: the pistons may come from Germany and the spark
plugs may come from Mexico. The components that make up the spark plugs and pistons
may come from different countries and so on.
See also
Business nationalism
Mercantilism → Neomercantilism
National champions
Producerism
The Wimbledon Effect
Foreign ownership of companies of Canada
References
Further reading
Baker, David (2006), "The political economy of fascism: Myth or reality, or myth and
reality?", New Political Economy, 11 (2): 227–250, doi:10.1080/13563460600655581 (a
review of economic nationalism as manifested under the various forms of generic fascism)
Morrison, Spencer P. America Betrayed. Edmonton: Outremer Publishing Ltd., 2016. (book
on the history of economic nationalism)
External links
The Economic Nationalist(US) Nov 23, 2012
Economic Nationalism | National Economics Editorial
BBC: Patriotism and protectionism in the EU, 23 March 2006
'Buy American' is UN-American by Harry Binswanger, Capitalism Magazine
Russian Cabinet approves draft bill on restricting foreign investment IHT
Moscow Spells Out Limits On Access to Resources WSJ 2006

Julius Evola
Baron Giulio Cesare Andrea Evola (Italian pronunciation: [ˈɛːvola]; 19 May 1898 – 11 June
1974), better known as Julius Evola (/ˈdʒuljəs ɛˈvoʊlə/), was an Italian philosopher, painter,
and esotericist. According to the scholar Franco Ferraresi, "Evola’s thought can be
considered one of the most radical and consistent antiegalitarian, antiliberal,
antidemocratic, and antipopular systems in the twentieth century. It is a singular (though
not necessarily original) blend of several schools and traditions, including German
idealism, Eastern doctrines, traditionalism, and the all-embracing Weltanschauung of the
interwar konservative Revolution with which Evola had a deep personal involvement."
Historian Aaron Gillette described Evola as "one of the most influential fascist racists in
Italian history." Evola was admired by the Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini. He
idolized the Nazi SS and admired the SS head Heinrich Himmler, whom he knew personally,
and spent World War II working for the Nazi SD. In a trial in 1951, Evola, who denied being
a Fascist, referred to himself as a ‘superfascist’. Concerning this statement, historian
Elisabetta Cassina Wolff wrote that "It is unclear whether this meant that Evola was placing
himself above or beyond Fascism."
Evola was the "chief ideologue" of Italy's terrorist radical right after World War II. He
continues to influence contemporary neofascist movements, as well as many leaders of the
Alt-right movement.
Many of Evola's theories and writings were centered on his idiosyncratic mysticism,
occultism, and esoteric religious studies, and this aspect of his work has influenced
occultists and esotericists. Evola also advocated domination and rape as a component of his
proposed sexual magic practices; this misogynist outlook stemmed from his extreme right
views on gender roles, which demanded absolute submission from women.
Biography
Early years
Giulio Cesare Andrea Evola was born in Rome to a Sicilian family of minor aristocracy. He
was occasionally attributed with the title "Baron". Little is known about his early
upbringing except that he considered it irrelevant. Evola studied engineering in Rome and
was involved in the Italian social and artistic Futurist movement until he broke with a
leading figure. He joined the artillery as an officer in the First World War. Returning to
civilian life, Evola was a painter and poet in the Dada movement.
Evola's early philosophical influences included Friedrich Nietzsche, Otto Weininger, Carlo
Michelstaedter, and Max Stirner.
A keen mountaineer, Evola described the experience a source of revelatory spiritual
experience. After his return from the war, Evola experimented with drugs and magic until,
around age 23, Evola considered suicide. He claimed that he avoided suicide thanks to a
revelation he had while reading an early Buddhist text, which dealt with shedding all forms
of identity other than absolute transcendence. Evola would later publish the text The

Doctrine of Awakening, which he regarded as a repayment of his debt to the doctrine of the
Buddha for saving him from suicide.
Occultism and Esotericism
Magical Idealism
Thomas Sheehan wrote that "Evola's first philosophical works from the 'twenties were
dedicated to reshaping neo-Idealism from a philosophy of Absolute Spirit and mind into a
philosophy of the "absolute individual" and action." Accordingly, Evola developed the
doctrine of "magical idealism", which held that "the Ego must understand that everything
that seems to have a reality independent of it is nothing but an illusion, caused by its own
deficiency." For Evola, this ever-increasing unity with the absolute involved expanded
participation in the absolute individual understood as unconstrained liberty, and therefore
unconditioned power. In his 1925 work Essays on Magical Idealism, Evola declared that
"God does not exist. The Ego must create him by making itself divine."
According to Sheehan, in further developing his theories, Evola discovered the power of
metaphysical mythology, leading to his advocacy of supra-rational intellectual intuition
over discursive knowledge, since for him, discursive knowledge separates man from Being.
Sheehan stated that this was a position which is a theme in certain interpretations of
Western philosophers such as Plato, Thomas Aquinas, and Martin Heidegger, which Evola
exaggerated and actualized. Evola would later write:
The truths that allow us to understand the world of Tradition are not those that can be
"learned" or "discussed." They either are or are not. We can only remember them, and that
happens when we are freed from the obstacles represented by various human
constructions (chief among these are the results and methods of the authorized
"researchers") and have awakened the capacity to see from the nonhuman viewpoint,
which is the same as the Traditional viewpoint. ... Traditional truths have always been held
to be essentially non-human.
Evola developed a doctrine of the "two natures", the natural world and the primordial
"world of 'Being'", which he believed imposes form and quality on lower matter and creates
a hierarchical "great chain of Being." He considered "spiritual virility" to signify orientation
towards this postulated transcendent principle. And he held that the State should reflect
this "ordering from above" and consequent hierarchical differentiation of individuals
according to their "organic preformation" which "gathers, preserves, and refines one's
talents and qualifications for determinate functions."
Ur-Group
Evola was introduced to esotericism by the early supporter of fascism Arturo Reghini, who
sought to promote a "cultured magic" opposed to Christianity. Reghini introduced Evola to
the traditionalist René Guénon. In 1927, Reghini and Evola, along with other Italian
esotericists, founded the Gruppo di Ur (the Ur Group). The purpose of this group was to
attempt to bring the members' individual identities into such a superhuman state of power
and awareness that they would be able to exert a magical influence on the world. The group

employed techniques from Buddhist, Tantric, and rare Hermetic texts. The group aimed to
provide a "soul" to the burgeoning Fascist movement of the time through the revival of
ancient Roman Paganism, and influence the fascist regime through esotericism. Articles on
occultism from the Ur Group were later published in the text Introduction to Magic.
Reghini's support of Freemasonry would however provea bone of contention for Evola;
accordingly, Evola broke with Reghini in 1928. Reghini himself broke from Evola, accusing
Evola of plagiarizing his thought in the book Pagan Imperialism. Evola on the other hand
blamed Reghini for the premature publication of Pagan Imperialism. Evola's later work
owed considerable debt to René Guénon's text Crisis of the Modern World, though he
diverged from Guénon on the issue of the relationship between warriors and priests.
Esoteric Studies
Evola wrote prodigiously on Eastern mysticism, tantra, hermeticism, the myth of the holy
grail and western esotericism. German Egyptologist and esoteric scholar Florian Ebeling
has noted that Evola's text The Hermetic Tradition is viewed as an "extremely important
work on Hermeticism" in the eyes of esotericists. In the context of his work in this area,
Evola gave particular focus to Cesare della Riviera's text Il Mondo Magico degli Heroi,
which he later republished in modern Italian, and which he held to be consonant with the
goals of "high magic" - the reshaping of the earthly human into a transcendental 'god man'.
He held that through this text the alleged "timeless" Traditional science was able to come to
lucid expression in spite of the "coverings" added to it in order to prevent the accusations
of the church and other "scoria." The psychologist Carl Jung described Evola's The Hermetic
Tradition as a "magisterial account of Hermetic philosophy", though Evola rejected Jung's
interpretation of alchemy. The philosopher Glenn Alexander Magee, in Hegel and the
Hermetic Tradition, favored Evola's interpretation over that of Jung. Carl Jung was the
president of the Nazi-dominated International General Medical Society for Psychotherapy.
In 1988, a journal devoted to Hermetic thought published a section of Evola's book and
described it as "Luciferian."
Evola's subsequent text Revolt Against the Modern World promoted as valid mythology of
an ancient Golden Age. He attempted to convey the features of his idealized traditional
society, and he argued that modernity represented a serious decline from such a society. He
argued in that in the postulated Golden age, religious and temporal power were united, and
that society was not founded on rule by priests, but by warriors expressing spiritual power
- accordingly he saw in mythology evidence of the alleged superiority of the West over the
East. Moreover, he claimed that the traditional elite had the ability to access power and
knowledge through a hierarchical version of magic which differed utterly from lower,
"superstitious and fraudulent", forms of magic. In this text, Evola dismisses what he calls
modern "knowledge" in toto, asserting that he wants nothing to do with what arises from
the modern mentality. He insists instead on "nonmodern forms, institutions, and
knowledge" as being necessary to produce a "real renewal ... in those who are still capable
of receiving it." The text was "immediately recognized by Mircea Eliade and other
intellectuals who allegedly advanced ideas associated with Tradition." Mircea Eliade was a
fascist sympathizer associated with the Romanian fascist Iron Guard, and one of Evola's
closest friends, who was imprisoned in 1938 for his support of the Iron Guard, but
managed to avoid execution. Evola was aware of the importance of myth from his readings

of Georges Sorel, one of the key intellectual influences on fascism. Famed author Hermann
Hesse in a private letter described this text as "really dangerous."
Evola's text The Mystery of the Grail discarded the Christian interpretations of the mythical
Holy Grail, maintaining instead that the Grail "symbolizes the principle of an immortalizing
and transcendent force connected to the primordial state and remaining present in the
very period of ... involution or decadence ... The mystery of the Grail is a mystery of a
warrior initiation." He held that the Ghibellines, as opponents of the Guelf merchants and
partisans of the Catholic Church who fought against them for control of Northern and
central Italy in the thirteenth century, had within them residual influences of pre-Christian
Celtic and Nordic initiatic traditions representing the Grail myth. He also held that the Guelf
victory against the Ghibellines represented a regression of the castes, since the merchant
caste took over from the warrior caste. In the epilogue to this text Evola argued that the
Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory forgery the Protocols of Zion, regardless of whether it
was authentic or not, was a cogent representation of modernity. Historian Richard Barber
stated that in this book, "Evola mixes rhetoric, prejudice, scholarship, and politics into a
strange version of the present and future, but in the process he brings together for the first
time interest in the esoteric and in conspiracy theory which characterize much of the later
Grail literature." The Nazi Grail seeker Otto Rahn admired Julius Evola.
In The Doctrine of Awakening, Evola argued that the Pāli Canon could be held to represent
true Buddhism. His interpretation of Buddhism is that it was intended to be anti-
democratic, that it revealed the essence of an "aryan" tradition that had become corrupted
and lost in the West, and that it coud be interpreted in such a way as to reveal the
superiority of a warrior caste. Harry Oldmeadow described Evola's work on Buddhism as
exhibiting Nietzschean influence. However, Evola criticized Nietzsche's anti-ascetic
prejudice. The book "received the official approbation of the Pāli [text] society", and was
published by a reputable Orientalist publisher. However, Evola's interpretation of
Buddhism, as put forth in his article "Spiritual Virility in Buddhism", is in conflict with the
post-WWII scholarship of the Orientalist Giuseppe Tucci, which argues that the viewpoint
that Buddhism advocates universal benevolence is legitimate. Arthur Versluis stated that
Evola's writing on Buddhism was a vehicle for his own theories, but was a far from accurate
rendition of the subject, and he held that much the same could be said of Evola's writing on
Hermeticism. Nanavira Thera was inspired to become a bhikkhu from reading Evola's text
The Doctrine of Awakening in 1945 while hospitalized in Sorrento.
Evola later confessed that he was not a Buddhist, and that his text on Buddhism was meant
to balance his earlier work on the Hindu tantras. Evola's interest in Tantra was spurred on
by correspondence with Sir John Woodroffe. Evola was attracted to the active aspect of
tantra, and its claim to provide a practical means to spiritual experience, over the more
"passive" approaches in other forms of Eastern spirituality. In Tantric Buddhism in East
Asia, Richard K. Payne, Dean of the Institute of Buddhist Studies, argued that Evola
manipulated Tantra in the service of right wing violence, and that the emphasis on "power"
in The Yoga of Power gave insight into his mentality. For Evola,
The ethics of the path of the Left Hand and the disciplines lead to the destruction of human
limitations (pasha), forms of anomia, or of something 'beyond good and evil', which are so

extreme that they make Western supporters of the theory of the superman look like
innocuous amateurs... We are dealing here with a liberty that... has no equivalent in the
history of ideas.
Evola advocated that "differentiated individuals" following the Left-Hand Path use dark
violent sexual powers against the modern world. For Evola, these "virile heroes" are both
generous and cruel, possess the ability to rule, and commit "Dionysian" acts that might be
seen as conventionally immoral. For Evola, the Left Hand path embraces violence as a
means of transgression.
In the posthumously published collection of writings, Metaphysics of War, Evola, in line
with the Conservative Revolutionary Ernst Jünger, explored the viewpoint that war could
be a spiritually fulfilling experience. He proposed the necessity of a transcendental
orientation in a warrior. Like Jünger, who coined the term "psychonaut", Evola was also
very interested in the use of hallucinogenic drugs.
A. James Gregor sources the text Meditations on the Peaks for Evola's definition of
spirituality as "actually what has been successfully actualized and translated into a sense of
superiority which is experienced inside by the soul, and a noble demeanor, which is
expressed in the body." Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke wrote of Evola that his "rigorous New
Age spirituality speaks directly to those who reject absolutely the leveling world of
democracy, capitalism, multiracialism and technology at the outset of the twenty-first
century. Their acute sense of cultural chaos can find powerful relief in his ideal of total
renewal." Thomas Sheehan wrote that to "read Evola is to take a trip through a weird and
fascinating jungle of ancient mythologies, pseudo-ethnology, and transcendental mysticism
that is enough to make any southern California consciousness-tripper feel quite at home."
Misogyny and Sexual Magic
Julius Evola believed that the alleged higher qualities expected of a man of a particular race
were not those expected of a woman of the same race - that male principles are
accentuated between races, while those of women are more alike and less differentiated.
He held that "just relations between the sexes" involved women acknowledging their
"inequality" with men.
In 1925, Evola wrote the misogynist article "La donna come cosa" (Woman as Thing). Evola
later quoted Joseph de Maistre's statement that "Woman cannot be superior except as
woman, but from the moment in which she desires to emulate man she is nothing but a
monkey." His comment on this statement was "Pure truth, whether or not it pleases the
contemporary "feminist movements."" Evola believed that women's liberation was "the
renunciation by woman of her right to be a woman". He held that a women "could
traditionally participate in the sacred hierarchical order only in a mediated fashion through
her relationship with a man." He held, as a feature of his idealized gender relations, the
Hindu sati, which for him was a form of sacrifice indicating women's respect for patriarchal
traditions. He held that for the "pure, feminine" woman, "man is not perceived by her as a
mere husband or lover, but as her lord." Evola believed that women would find "true
greatness" in "total subjugation to men."

Evola regarded matriarchy and goddess religions as a symptom of decadence, and
preferred a hyper-masculine, warrior ethos. Gillette noted that Evola maintained that:
The ages of a civilization were gendered. The noble stages were masculine. Thus, following
Otto Weininger, Evola claimed that these stages harmonized with the hierarchical, heroic,
warlike, decisive and classical values that characterized men. The later, degenerate phases
were feminine. Societies in these phases indulged in a lust of promiscuity, communism,
natural rights, and general equality that were characteristic of women.
Evola was influenced by Hans Blüher, and was a proponent of the Männerbund concept, as
a model for his proposed ultra-fascist "Order." Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke noted the
fundamental influence of Otto Weininger's misogynist book Sex and Character on Evola's
dualism of male-female spirituality. According to Goodrich-Clarke, "Evola's celebration of
virile spirituality was rooted in Weininger's work, which was widely translated by the end
of the First World War." Unlike Weininger however, Evola believed that women needed to
be conquered, not ignored. Evola denounced homosexuality as "useless" for his purposes,
but did not neglect sado-masochism, so long as sadism and masochism "are magnifications
of an element potentially present in the deepest essence of eros." Then, it would be possible
to "extend, in a transcendental and perhaps ecstatic way, the possibilities of sex."
Evola held that women "played" with men, threatened their masculinity, and lured them
into a "constrictive" grasp with their sexuality. He wrote that "It should not be expected of
women that they return to what they really are ... when men themselves retain only the
semblance of true virility", and lamented that "men instead of being in control of sex are
controlled by it and wander about like drunkards..." He believed that in Tantra and in
sexual magic, in which he saw a strategy for aggression, he found the means to counter the
"emasculated" West. Accordingly, Evola advocated rape, the "ritual violation of virgins",
and "whipping women" as a means of "consciousness raising", so long as these practices
were done to the intensity required to produce the proper "liminal psychic climate." He
wrote that "as a rule, nothing stirs a man more than feeling the woman utterly exhausted
beneath his own hostile rapture."
Evola translated Weininger's Sex and Character into Italian, but was dissatisfied with this,
so he wrote the text Eros and the Mysteries of Love: The Metaphysics of Sex, where his
views on sexuality were dealt with at length. He referred to this text as the principal book
he published in the post-war period. Arthur Versluis described this text as Evola's "most
interesting" work aside from Revolt Against the Modern World. This book remains popular
among many New Age adherents.
Racism and Mystical Aryanism
National Mysticism
For his spiritual interpretation of the different racial psychologies, Evola found the work of
German race theorist Ludwig Ferdinand Clauss invaluable. Clauss, like Evola, believed that
physical race and spiritual race could diverge as a consequence of miscegenation. Evola's
racism included racism of the body, soul and spirit, giving primacy to the latter alleged
factor, since, for Evola, "races only declined when their spirit failed." According to Wolff,

Evola's ‘totalitarian’ or ‘spiritual’ racism was no milder than Nazi biological racism. It
actually implied far greater consequences because it discriminated not only against the
Jews, but all representatives of the modern western world. Evola's ambition was to
elaborate an Italian version of racism and antisemitism, one that could be integrated into
the Fascist project to create a New Man. Placed in an Italian context, Evola's totalitarian
racism was supposed to contribute to a ‘purification process’ that would precede this new
type of human being.
Like René Guénon, Evola believed that mankind is living in the Kali Yuga of the Hindu
tradition, the Dark Age of unleashed, materialistic appetites. He argued that both Italian
fascism and Nazism held hope for a reconstitution of the "celestial" Aryan race. He drew on
mythology of super-races and their decline, particularly alleged hyperboreans, and
maintained that traces of their influence could be felt in Indo-European man, which he
nevertheless felt devolved from those alleged higher forms. Gregor noted:
In 1942, in the course of the Second World War, Fascist intellectuals published excoriating
criticism of Evola’s racism. There were reviews of Sintesi di dottrina della razza that
entirely dismantled the complex structure of Evola’s exposition. The argument was made
that if the spirit of humankind were Evola’s concern, and there were Jews, or perhaps
blacks, who displayed the heroic and sublime properties of the Hyperboreans, what
difference did it make if that spirit were housed in “non-Aryan bodies”? Of what
conceivable importance were physical properties when the real concern is with
spirituality? In one of Fascism’s most important theoretical journals, Evola’s critic pointed
out that many Nordic-Aryans, not to speak of Mediterranean Aryans, fail to demonstrate
any Hyperborean properties. Instead, they make obvious their materialism, their
sensuality, their indifference to loyalty and sacriﬁce, together with their consuming greed.
How do they differ from “inferior” races, and why should anyone wish, in any way, to favor
them?
Concerning the relationship between "spiritual racism" and biological racism, Evola put
forth the following viewpoint, which Furlong described as pseudoscientific:
The factor of 'blood' or 'race' has its importance, because it is not psychologically - in the
brain or the opinions of the individual - but in the very deepest forces of life that traditions
live and act as typical formative energies. Blood registers the effects of this action, and
indeed offers, through heredity, a matter that is already refined and pre-formed, such that
through the generations, realisations similar to the original may be prepared and may be
able to develop in a natural and almost spontaneous way.
Antisemitism
Of the Jews, Evola endorsed the views provided by Otto Weininger, and viewed Jews as
corrosive and anti-traditional, though he described Adolf Hitler's more fanatical anti-
Semitism as a paranoid idée fixe which damaged the reputation of the Third Reich. In this
conception, "The Jews were stigmatized, not as representatives of a biological race, but as
the carriers of a world view, a way of being and thinking—simply put, a spirit—that
corresponded to the ‘worst’ and ‘most decadent’ features of modernity: democracy,
egalitarianism and materialism." Evola took seriously a number of antisemitic canards and

argued that the anti-Jewish and anti-Masonic forgery The Protocols of Zion, which he
believed to be true in principle if not specifically, accurately reflected the conditions of
modernity. He believed that the Protocols "contain the plan for an occult war, whose
objective is the utter destruction, in the non-Jewish peoples, of all tradition, class,
aristocracy, and hierarchy, and of all moral, religious, and spiritual values." He also wrote
the forward to the second Italian edition of the Protocols published by the Fascist Giovanni
Preziosi in 1938. Following the murder of his friend Corneliu Codreanu, the leader of the
Fascist Romanian Iron Guard, Evola expressed anti-Semitic sentiment in anticipation of a
"talmudic, Israelite tyranny." However, Evola believed that Jews only had this "power"
because of European "decadence" in modernity. He also believed that one could be "Aryan",
but have a "Jewish" soul, just as one could be "Jewish", but have an "Aryan" soul. Among
such Jews of "sufﬁciently heroic, ascetic, and sacral" character to fit the latter category
were, in Evola's view, Otto Weininger and Carlo Michelstaedter.
Aryanism
Evola otherwise spoke of "inferior non-European races" and as noted by Merkl, "Evola was
never prepared to discount the value of blood altogether, and he later wrote: "a certain
balanced consciousness and dignity of race can be considered healthy, especially if one
thinks of where we are going in our time with the exaltation of the negro and all the rest,
with the anticolonialist psychosis, and with the 'integrationist' fanaticism: all parallel
phenomena in the decline of Europe and the West."" In Mussolini's Intellectuals, A. James
Gregor stated that: "[In the German rendering of Imperialismo pagano, Heidnischer
Imperialismus], Evola argues that it is out of the creativity of an 'ur-Aryan' and 'solar-
Nordic' blood that world culture emerges. Conversely, culture decline is a function of the
feckless mixture of Aryan, with lesser, 'animalistic' blood."
Evola's dissent from standard biological concepts of race had roots in his aristocratic
elitism, since Nazi Völkisch ideology inadequately separated aristocracy from
"commoners." He maintained that "Only of an élite may one say that it is 'of a race,' 'it has
race' ... the people are only people, mass."
In Revolt Against the Modern World, Evola developed a "general objective law: the law of
the regression of the castes", claiming that "[t]he meaning of history from the most ancient
times is this: the gradual decline of power and type of civilization from one to another of
the four castes - sacred leaders, warrior nobility, bourgeoisie (economy, "merchants") and
slaves - which in the traditional civilizations corresponded to the qualitative differentiation
in the principal human possibilities."
As noted by Furlong,
It was this caste-based perspective that was developed in the 1930s and during the war in
Evola's extensive writings on racism; for Evola, the core of racial superiority lay in the
spiritual qualities of the higher castes, which expressed themselves in physical as well as in
cultural features but were not determined by them. The law of the regression of castes
places racism at the core of Evola's philosophy, since he sees an increasing predominance
of lower races as directly expressed through modern mass democracies.

Furlong also noted Evola's frequent use of the term "Aryan" to denote the nobility imbued
with traditional spirituality prior to the end of World War II, after which he used it very
rarely. Wolff noted that:
From 1945 the issue of race disappeared from Evola's writings. Nonetheless his ongoing
intellectual concerns remained unchanged: anthropological pessimism, elitism and
contempt for the weak. The doctrine of the Aryan-Roman ‘super-race’ was simply restated
as a doctrine of the ‘leaders of men’, while the Ordine Fascista dell'Impero Italiano was
simply relabelled the Ordine, or ‘male society’: no longer with reference to the SS, but to the
mediaeval Teutonic Knights or the Knights Templar, already mentioned in Rivolta.
While not totally against race-mixing, in 1957, Evola wrote an article attributing the
perceived acceleration of American decadence to the influence of "negroes" and the
opposition to segregation. Furlong noted that this article is "among the most extreme in
phraseology of any he wrote, and exhibits a degree of intolerance that leaves no doubt as to
his deep prejudice against black people."
Influence
Evola has been described as "one of the most influential fascist racists in Italian history."
Benito Mussolini read Evola's Synthesis of the Doctrine of Race (Sintesi di Dottrina della
Razza) in August 1941, and met with Evola to offer him his praise. Evola later recounted
that Mussolini had found in his work a uniquely Roman form of Fascist racism distinct from
that found in Nazi Germany. With Mussolini's backing, Evola launched the minor journal
Sangue e Spirito (Blood and Spirit). While not always in agreement with German racial
theorists, Evola traveled to Germany in February 1942 and obtained support for German
collaboration on Sangue e Spirito from "key figures in the German racial hierarchy."
Fascists appreciated the palingenetic value of Evola's "proof" "that the true representatives
of the state and the culture of ancient Rome were people of the Nordic race." Evola
eventually became Italy's leading racial philosopher.
Elitism and Relationship to Fascism
Julius Evola has been described as a "fascist intellectual," a "radical traditionalist,"
"antiegalitarian, antiliberal, antidemocratic, and antipopular,” and as having been "the
leading philosopher of Europe's neofascist movement." Julius Evola wrote for fascist
journals, and his racial theories received warm reception from Mussolini in 1941. Yet,
while acknowledging Evola's place among fascist intellectuals, his racism, his anti-semitism
and his antipathy towards democracy, A James Gregor wrote that "Evola opposed literally
every feature of Fascism". In a trial in 1951, Evola, who denied being a Fascist, referred to
himself as a ‘superfascist’. Paul Furlong wrote that "The complete Evola held views that it is
fair, if somewhat summary, to categorise as elitist, racist, anti-semitic, misogynist, anti-
democratic, authoritarian, and deeply anti-liberal."
Relationship to Fascism
Evola's first published political work was an anti-fascist piece in 1925. In this work, Evola
called Italy's fascist movement a "laughable revolution," based on empty sentiment and

materialistic concerns. He expressed anti-Nationalist sentiment, stating that to become
“truly human,” one would have to “overcome brotherly contamination” and “purge oneself”
of the feeling that one is united with others “because of blood, affections, country or human
destiny.” He also opposed the futurism that Italian fascism was aligned with, along with the
"plebeian" nature of the movement.
Evola saw Mussolini's Fascist Party as possessing no cultural or spiritual foundation, and
was passionate about infusing it with these elements in order to make it suitable for his
ideals of the alleged Übermensch culture which, according to Evola, characterized the
imperial grandeur of pre-Christian Europe. In 1928 Evola wrote the text Pagan
Imperialism, a violent attack on Christianity, which proposed the transformation of
Fascism into a system consonant with ancient Roman values and the ancient Mystery
traditions, and which proposed that Fascism transform itself into a vehicle for re-instating
the caste-system and aristocracy of antiquity. This text was a diatribe in the name of
Fascism against the Catholic Church, which nevertheless led to Evola being criticized by the
Fascist regime, as well as by the Vatican itself. A. James Gregor argued that this text was an
attack on Fascism as it stood at the time of writing, but noted that Benito Mussolini made
use of it in order to threaten the Vatican with the possibility of an "anti-clerical Fascism" for
political advantage. On account of Evola's sentiment, the Vatican backed right-wing
Catholic journal Revue Interlationale de Sociétés Secretètes published an article in April
1928 entitled "Un Sataniste Italien: Julius Evola." Aleksandr Dugin translated the 1933
version of Evola’s Pagan Imperialism into Russian in 1981 and distributed it in samizdat.
Evola developed a complex line of argument, synthesizing and adapting the spiritual
orientation of Traditionalist writers such as René Guénon with the political concerns of the
European Authoritarian Right. Evola applauded Mussolini's anti-bourgeois orientation and
his goal of making Italian citizens into hardened warriors. However, he criticized Fascist
populism, party politics, and elements of leftism that he saw in the Fascist regime.
Accordingly, Evola launched the journal La Torre (The Tower), to voice his concerns and
advocate for a more elitist Fascism. Evola's ideas were poorly received by the Fascist
mainstream as it stood at the time of his writing. Finding Italian Fascism too compromising,
Evola began to seek recognition in the Third Reich, where he lectured from 1934 onward.
He held hope in the Nazi SS, but took issue with Nazi populism and biological materialism.
SS authorities initially rejected Evola's ideas as supranational, aristocratic, and thus
reactionary, though Evola found better reception from members of the Conservative
Revolutionary movement.
Evola idolized the Nazi SS and admired Heinrich Himmler, whom he knew personally.
However, he had reservations about Adolf Hitler because of Hitler's reliance on Völkisch
nationalism. Evola spent a considerable amount of time in Germany in 1937 and 1938, and
gave a series of lectures to the German–Italian Society 1938, but these were poorly
received, and the Nazi Ahnenerbe reported that many considered his ideas to be pure
“fantasy” which ignored “historical facts.” Himmler's SS kept a dossier on him, and in
dossier document AR-126 described his plans for a "Roman-Germanic Imperium" as
"utopian" and described him as a "reactionary Roman," with a secret goal of "an
insurrection of the old aristocracy against the modern world." It recommended that the SS
"stop his effectiveness in Germany" and provide no support to him, particularly because of

his desire to create a "secret international order". However, Evola was able to establish
political connections with pan-Europeanist elements inside the Reich Main Security Office.
Evola subsequently ascended to the inner circles of Nazism as the influence pan-European
advocates overtook that of Völkisch proponents due to military contingencies. Evola wrote
the article "Reich and Imperium as Elements in the New European Order" for the Nazi
backed journal European Review. Evola spent World War II working for the SD. The SD
bureau Amt VII, a Reich Main Security Office research library, helped Evola acquire arcane
occult and Masonic texts.
Italian Fascism went into decline when, in 1943, Mussolini was deposed and imprisoned. At
this point, Evola fled to Germany with the help of the SD. Evola, although not a member of
the Fascist Party, and despite his apparent problems with the Fascist regime, was one of
the first people to greet Mussolini when the latter was broken out of prison by Otto
Skorzeny in 1943. Subsequently, Evola helped welcome Mussolini to Adolf Hitler's Wolf's
Lair. Following this, Evola involved himself in Mussolini's Italian Social Republic. It was
Evola's custom to walk around the city during bombing raids in order to better 'ponder his
destiny'. During one such raid, 1945, a shell fragment damaged his spinal cord and he
became paralyzed from the waist down, remaining so for the remainder of his life.
In May, 1951, Evola was arrested and charged with promoting the revival of the Fascist
Party, and of glorifying Fascism. Defending himself at trial, Evola stated that his work
belonged to a long tradition of anti-democratic writers who certainly could be linked to
fascism—at least fascism interpreted according to certain (Evolian) criteria—but who
certainly could not be identified with Fascism, namely, the Fascist regime under Mussolini.
Evola then declared that he was not a Fascist but a ‘superfascist’. He was acquitted.
Neo-Fascism
After WWII, Evola's writing evoked interest among the neo-fascist right. Evola was
considered, especially after 1945, as the most important Italian theoretician of the
Conservative Revolution, and as the "chief ideologue" of Italy's terrorist radical right after
World War II. Regarding Evola's concerns during this time period, Nicholas Goodrich-
Clarke took note of:
Evola’s 1945 essay “American ‘Civilization,’” which saw America as the final stage of
European decline into the “interior formlessness” of vacuous individualism, conformity and
vulgarity under the universal aegis of money-making. Its mechanistic and rational
philosophy of progress combined with a mundane horizon of prosperity to transform the
world into an enormous suburban shopping mall. This anti-American theme was extended
by Evola’s ideas on a unified Europe’s need for a spiritual and supranational basis. Only by
opposing the current Westernization of the world could Europe challenge both
superpowers for global hegemony.
Goodrich-Clarke noted that "Evola’s contempt for America as the most advanced center of
Western alienation from Tradition also interacted with a widespread mood of anti-
Americanism during the 1980s."

Egil Asprem and Kennet Granholm describe Evola's primary political texts during this time
period as Orientamenti and Men Among the Ruins. Orientamenti was a text against
"national fascism", advocating instead for a European Community modeled on the
principles of the Waffen-SS. The Italian Neo-fascist group Ordine Nuovo adopted
Orientamenti as a guide for action in postwar Italy. The Francis Parker Yockey affiliated
"European Liberation Front", in the April 1951 issue of its publication Frontfighter,
referred to Evola as "Italy's greatest living authoritarian philosopher."
Evola's occult ontology exerted influence over post-war neo-fascism. Nevertheless, Evola
attempted to dissociate himself from totalitarianism, preferring the conception of the
"organic" state which he put forth in his text Men Among the Ruins. Evola sought to
develop a strategy for the implementation of a "conservative revolution" in post World War
II Europe. He rejected nationalism, advocating instead for a European Imperium, which he
desired to be expressed in various forms according to local conditions, but be "organic,
hierarchical, anti-democratic, and anti-individual." Evola endorsed Francis Parker Yockey's
neo-fascist manifesto Imperium, but disagreed with it because Yockey had a "superficial"
understanding of what was immediately possible. Evola also believed that implementation
of the proposed neo-fascist Europe could best accomplished by an elite of "superior" men
operating outside of normal politics.
Giuliano Salierni, an activist in the neo-Fascist Italian Social Movement in the early 1950s,
recalled Evola's calls to violence. Roberto Fiore and his colleagues in the early 1980s
helped National Front "Political Soldiers" forge a militant elitist philosophy based on
Evola's "most militant tract", The Aryan Doctrine of Battle and Victory, which called for a
“Great Holy War” fought for spiritual renewal paralleling the physical “Little Holy War”
against perceived enemies. Wolff attributes extreme-right terrorist actions in Italy in the
1970s and 1980s to the influence of Julius Evola.
Thomas Sheehan has argued that Evola's work is essential reading for those seeking to
understand Eurofascism, in the same way that knowledge of the writings of Marx is
necessary for those seeking to understand Communist actions.
Post-World War II
After World War II, Evola continued his work in esotericism. He wrote a number of books
and articles on sexual magic and various other esoteric studies, including The Yoga of
Power: Tantra, Shakti, and the Secret Way (1949), Eros and the Mysteries of Love: The
Metaphysics of Sex (1958), and Meditations on the Peaks: Mountain Climbing as Metaphor
for the Spiritual Quest (1974). He also wrote his two explicitly political books Men Among
the Ruins: Post-War Reflections of a Radical Traditionalist (1953), Ride the Tiger: A
Survival Manual for the Aristocrats of the Soul (1961), and his autobiography, The Path of
Cinnabar (1963).
Wolff noted that in Ride the Tiger,
Evola argued that the fight against modernity was lost. The only thing a ‘real man’ could
just do was to ride the tiger of modernity patiently: ‘Thus the principle to follow could be
that of letting the forces and processes of this epoch take their own course, keeping oneself

firm and ready to intervene when “the tiger, which cannot leap on the person riding it, is
tired of running”. He chose, in other words, a sort of inner journey and ‘inner emigration’
from the world—using an expression borrowed from Heidegger—that removed him
completely from active political engagement. However, he did not exclude the possibility of
action in the future.
Wolff also noted that "as Anna Jellamo declared in 1984, Evola's apoliteia in Ride the Tiger
was in truth only ‘an adjustment and improvement’ to his ‘warrior theory’." Nicholas
Goodrick-Clarke notes that here, "Evola sets up the ideal of the “active nihilist” who is
prepared to act with violence against modern decadence." Furlong considers this text, in
the context of Evola's work contemporary to its writing, as a proposition that a potential
elite immunize itself from modernity as they attempt to rebel against it via "right wing
anarchism."
Death
Evola died unmarried, without children, on 11 June 1974 in Rome.
Influence
Political Influence
The Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini, the Nazi Grail seeker Otto Rahn, and the
Romanian fascist sympathizer and religious historian Mircea Eliade admired Julius Evola.
After World War II, Evola's writings continued to influence many European far-right
political, racist and neo-fascist movements. He is widely translated in French, Spanish and
partly in German. Amongst those he has influenced are the American Blackshirts Party, the
"esoteric Hitlerist" Miguel Serrano, Savitri Devi, GRECE, the Movimento sociale italiano
(MSI), Falange Española, Gaston Armand Amaudruz's Nouvel Ordre Européen, Guillaume
Faye, Pino Rauti's Ordine Nuovo, Troy Southgate, Alain de Benoist, Michael Moynihan,
Giorgio Freda, the Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari (Armed Revolutionary Nuclei), Eduard
Limonov, Forza Nuova, CasaPound Italia, Tricolor Flame and the Conservative People's
Party of Estonia. Giorgio Almirante referred to him as "our Marcuse—only better."
According to one leader of the neofascist "black terrorist" Ordine Nuovo, "Our work since
1953 has been to transpose Evola’s teachings into direct political action." The now defunct
French fascist group Troisième Voie was also inspired by Evola. Jonathan Bowden, English
political activist and chairman of the New Right, spoke highly of Evola and his ideas and
gave lectures on his philosophy. Evola has also influenced today's Alt-right movement,
which has its "origins" in “thinkers as diverse as… Oswald Spengler, H.L Mencken, Julius
Evola, Sam Francis, and… Pat Buchanan.” Additionally, Evola has influenced Vladimir Putin
advisor Aleksander Dugin. The Greek neo-Nazi party Golden Dawn includes his works on
its suggested reading list, and the leader of Jobbik, the Hungarian nationalist party, admires
Evola and wrote an introduction to his works. Umberto Eco referred to Evola as the "most
influential theoretical source of the theories of the new Italian right", and as "one of the
most respected fascist gurus". President Donald Trump's chief adviser Steve Bannon noted
Evola's influence on the Eurasianism movement, accordingly, he has been praised by Alt-
right leader Richard B. Spencer, who said “it means a tremendous amount” that Bannon is

aware of Evola. Some members of the Alt-right have expressed hope that Bannon might be
open to Evola's ideas, and that through Bannon, Evola’s ideas can express influence in a
possible period of crisis.
Non-Political Influence
The psychologist Carl Jung favorably cited Evola's work on Hermeticism. German
psychotherapist Karlfried Graf Dürckheim based part of his "initiatory therapy" on Evola's
work.
Evola influenced the musicologist and esoteric scholar Jocelyn Godwin, who wrote in
defense of Evola. The novelist and essayist Marguerite Yourcenar of the Académie
française, paid homage to Evola's text The Yoga of Power, writing her opinion of "the
immense benefit which a receptive reader may gain from an exposition such as Evola's",
and concluded that "the study of The Yoga of Power is particularly beneficial in a time in
which every form of discipline is naively discredited." Nanavira Thera was inspired to
become a bhikkhu from reading Evola's text The Doctrine of Awakening in 1945 while
hospitalized in Sorrento. Famed author Hermann Hesse in a private letter described Evola's
text Revolt Against the Modern World as "really dangerous."
Selectedbooks andarticles
Arte Astratta, posizione teorica (1920)
La parole obscure du paysage intérieur (1920)
Saggi sull'idealismo magico (1925)
L'individuo e il divenire del mondo (1926)
L'uomo come potenza (1927)
Teoria dell'individuo assoluto (1927)
Imperialismo pagano (1928; English translation: Heathen Imperialism, 2007)
Introduzione alla magia (1927-1929; 1971; English translation: Introduction to Magic:
Rituals and Practical Techniques for the Magus, 2001)
Fenomenologia dell'individuo assoluto (1930)
La tradizione ermetica (1931; English translation: The Hermetic Tradition: Symbols and
Teachings of the Royal Art, 1995)
Maschera e volto dello spiritualismo contemporaneo: Analisi critica delle principali
correnti moderne verso il sovrasensibile (1932)
Rivolta contro il mondo moderno (1934; second edition: 1951; English translation: Revolt
Against the Modern World: Politics, Religion, and Social Order in the Kali Yuga, 1995)

Tre aspetti del problema ebraico (1936; English translation: Three Aspects of the Jewish
Problem, 2003)
Il Mistero del Graal e la Tradizione Ghibellina dell'Impero (1937; English translation: The
Mystery of the Grail: Initiation and Magic in the Quest for the Spirit, 1997)
Il mito del sangue. Genesi del Razzismo (1937)
Indirizzi per una educazione razziale (1941; English translation: The Elements of Racial
Education 2005)
Sintesi di dottrina della razza (1941; German translation: Grundrisse der Faschistischen
Rassenlehre, 1943)
Die Arische Lehre von Kampf und Sieg (1941; English translation: The Aryan Doctrine of
Battle and Victory, 2007)
Gli Ebrei hanno voluto questa Guerra (1942)
La dottrina del risveglio (1943; English translations: The Doctrine of Awakening: A Study
on the Buddhist Ascesis, 1951; The Doctrine of Awakening: The Attainment of Self-Mastery
According to the Earliest Buddhist Texts, 1995)
Lo Yoga della potenza (1949; English translation: The Yoga of Power: Tantra, Shakti, and
the Secret Way, 1992)
Orientamenti, undici punti (1950)
Gli uomini e le rovine (1953; English translation: Men Among the Ruins: Post-War
Reflections of a Radical Traditionalist, 2002)
Metafisica del sesso (1958; English translations: The Metaphysics of Sex, 1983; Eros and
the Mysteries of Love: The Metaphysics of Sex, 1991)
L'«Operaio» nel pensiero di Ernst Jünger (1960)
Cavalcare la tigre (1961; English translation: Ride the Tiger: A Survival Manual for the
Aristocrats of the Soul, 2003)
Il cammino del cinabro (1963; second edition, 1970; English translation: The Path of
Cinnabar: An Intellectual Autobiography, 2009)
Meditazioni delle vette (1974; English translation: Meditations on the Peaks: Mountain
Climbing as Metaphor for the Spiritual Quest, 1998)
See also
Occultism and the far right
Traditionalist School

Footnotes
References
Aprile, Mario (1984), "Julius Evola: An Introduction to His Life and Work," The Scorpion No.
6 (Winter/Spring): 20-21.
Coletti, Guillermo (1996), "Against the Modern World: An Introduction to the Work of
Julius Evola," Ohm Clock No. 4 (Spring): 29-31.
Coogan, Kevin (1998), Dreamer of the Day: Francis Parker Yockey and the Postwar Fascist
International (Brooklyn, NY: Autonomedia, ISBN 1-57027-039-2).
De Benoist, Alain. "Julius Evola, réactionnaire radical et métaphysicien engagé. Analyse
critique de la pensée politique de Julius Evola," Nouvelle Ecole, No. 53–54 (2003), pp. 147–
69.
Drake, Richard H. (1986), "Julius Evola and the Ideological Origins of the Radical Right in
Contemporary Italy," in Peter H. Merkl (ed.), Political Violence and Terror: Motifs and
Motivations (University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-05605-1) 61-89.
Drake, Richard H. (1988), "Julius Evola, Radical Fascism and the Lateran Accords," The
Catholic Historical Review 74: 403-419.
Drake, Richard H. (1989), "The Children of the Sun," in The Revolutionary Mystique and
Terrorism in Contemporary Italy (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, ISBN 0-253-
35019-0), 114-134.
Faerraresi, Franco (1987), "Julius Evola: Tradition, Reaction, and the Radical Right,"
European Journal of Sociology 28: 107-151.
Furlong, Paul (2011), Introduction to the Social and Political Thought of Julius Evola
London: Routledge.
Godwin, Joscelyn (1996), Arktos: The Polar Myth in Science, Symbolism, and Nazi Survival
(Kempton, IL: Adventures Unlimited Press, ISBN 0-932813-35-6), 57-61.
Gelli, Frank (2012), Julius Evola: The Sufi of Rome
Godwin, Joscelyn (2002), "Julius Evola, A Philosopher in the Age of the Titans," TYR:
Myth—Culture—Tradition Volume 1 (Atlanta, GA: Ultra Publishing, ISBN 0-9720292-0-6),
127-142.
Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas (2001), Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics
of Identity (New York: New York University Press, ISBN 0-585-43467-0, ISBN 0-8147-
3124-4, ISBN 0-8147-3155-4), 52-71.
Griffin, Roger (1985), "Revolts against the Modern World: The Blend of Literary and
Historical Fantasy in the Italian New Right," Literature and History 11 (Spring): 101-123.

Griffin, Roger (1995) (ed.), Fascism (Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-289249-5), 317-
318.
Hansen, H. T. (1994), "A Short Introduction to Julius Evola," Theosophical History 5
(January): 11-22; reprinted as introduction to Evola, Revolt Against the Modern World,
(Vermont: Inner Traditions, 1995).
Hansen, H. T. (2002), "Julius Evola's Political Endeavors," introduction to Evola, Men
Among the Ruins, (Vermont: Inner Traditions).
Moynihan, Michael (2003), "Julius Evola's Combat Manuals for a Revolt Against the Modern
World," in Richard Metzger (ed.), Book of Lies: The Disinformation Guide to Magick and the
Occult (The Disinformation Company, ISBN 0-9713942-7-X) 313-320.
Rees, Philip (1991), Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890 (New York:
Simon & Schuster, ISBN 0-13-089301-3), 118-120.
Sedgwick, Mark (2004) Against the Modern World: Traditionalism and the Secret
Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century (Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-515297-
2).
Sheehan, Thomas (1981) "Myth and Violence: The Fascism of Julius Evola and Alain de
Benoist," Social Research, 48 (Spring): 45-83.
Stucco, Guido (1992), "Translator's Introduction," in Evola, The Yoga of Power (Vermont:
Inner Traditions), ix-xv.
Stucco, Guido (1994), "Introduction," in Evola, The Path of Enlightenment According to the
Mithraic Mysteries, Zen: The Religion of the Samurai, Rene Guenon: A Teacher for Modern
Times, and Taoism: The Magic, the Mysticism (Edmonds, WA: Holmes Publishing Group)
Stucco, Guido (2002). "The Legacy of a European Traditionalist: Julius Evola in
Perspective". The Occidental Quarterly 3 (2), pp. 21–44.
Wasserstrom, Steven M. (1995), "The Lives of Baron Evola," Alphabet City 4 + 5
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External links
Brad Reed. Meet the scary Italian fascist thinker approvingly cited by Steve Bannon. Raw
Story. February 10, 2017.
Steve Bannon
Stephen Kevin "Steve" Bannon (born November 27, 1953) is an American political aide,
former media executive and film producer, currently serving as assistant to the President

and White House chief strategist in the Trump administration. In this capacity, since
January 28, 2017, he has been a regular attendee to the Principals Committee of the U.S.
National Security Council.
Before assuming the White House position, Bannon was the chief executive officer of
Trump's 2016 presidential campaign. Before his political career, he was executive chair of
Breitbart News, a far-right news, opinion, and commentary website which he described in
2016 as "the platform for the alt-right".
Bannon has been a naval officer, banker, radio host, research director, film producer and
media executive. He was an officer in the United States Navy for seven years in the late
1970s and early 1980s, serving on the destroyer USS Paul F. Foster as well as at the
Pentagon. After his military service, he worked at Goldman Sachs as an investment banker
in the Mergers and Acquisitions Department. When he left the company, Bannon held the
position of vice president. In 1993, he was made acting director of the Earth-science
research project Biosphere 2. In the 1990s, he became an executive producer in the
Hollywood film and media industry and has produced 18 films since 1991. Bannon holds
two master's degrees.
Early life, family and education
Stephen Kevin Bannon was born on November 27, 1953, in Norfolk, Virginia, to Doris (née
Herr) and Martin Bannon, a telephone lineman, later in middle management. His working
class, Irish Catholic family were pro-Kennedy, pro-union Democrats. After serving as
president of the student government association, he graduated from Virginia Tech in 1976
with a bachelor's degree in urban planning and holds a master's degree in national security
studies from Georgetown University School of Foreign Service. In 1985, Bannon received a
Master of Business Administration degree with honors from Harvard Business School.
Service as Naval officer
Bannon was an officer in the United States Navy for seven years in the late 1970s and early
1980s, serving on the destroyer USS Paul F. Foster as a surface warfare officer in the Pacific
Fleet and stateside as a special assistant to the Chief of Naval Operations at the Pentagon.
Upon his departure he was ranked as a lieutenant (O-3).
Business career
Investment banking
After his military service, Bannon worked at Goldman Sachs as an investment banker in the
Mergers and Acquisitions Department. When he left the company he held the position of
vice president. In 1990, Bannon and several colleagues from Goldman Sachs launched
Bannon & Co., a boutique investment bank specializing in media. Through this company,
Bannon negotiated the sale of Castle Rock Entertainment to Ted Turner. As payment,
Bannon & Co. accepted a financial stake in five television shows, including Seinfeld. Société
Générale purchased Bannon & Co. in 1998.

Earth science
In 1993, while still managing Bannon & Co., Bannon was made acting director of the Earth-
science research project Biosphere 2 in Oracle, Arizona. Under Bannon, the closed-system
experiment project shifted emphasis from researching human space exploration and
colonization toward the scientific study of earth's environment, pollution and climate
change. He left the project in 1995.
Entertainment and media
In the 1990s, Bannon ventured into the entertainment and media industry. He became an
executive producer in the Hollywood film and media industry. Bannon produced 18 films
from the 1991 Sean Penn drama The Indian Runner to executive producing Julie Taymor's
1999 film Titus. Bannon became a partner with entertainment industry executive Jeff
Kwatinetz at The Firm, Inc., a film and television management company.
In 2004, Bannon made a documentary about Ronald Reagan titled In the Face of Evil.
Through the making and screening of this film, Bannon was introduced to Peter Schweizer
and publisher Andrew Breitbart, who would later describe him as the Leni Riefenstahl of
the Tea Party movement. He was involved in the financing and production of a number of
films, including Fire from the Heartland: The Awakening of the Conservative Woman, The
Undefeated (on Sarah Palin), and Occupy Unmasked.
Bannon persuaded Goldman Sachs to invest, in 2006, in a company known as Internet
Gaming Entertainment. Following a lawsuit, the company rebranded as Affinity Media and
Bannon took over as CEO. From 2007 through 2011, Bannon was the chair and CEO of
Affinity Media.
In 2007, Bannon wrote an eight-page treatment for a new documentary called Destroying
the Great Satan: The Rise of Islamic Facism (sic) in America. The outline describes Council
on American-Islamic Relations and the Islamic Society of North America as "cultural
jihadists". Bannon wrote the outline himself, and it labels the Washington Post, the New
York Times, NPR, "Universities and the Left", the "American Jewish Community", the ACLU,
the CIA, the FBI, the State Department, and the White House as "enablers" of a covert
mission to establish an Islamic Republic in the United States. In 2011, Bannon spoke at the
"Liberty Restoration Foundation" in Orlando, Florida about the Economic Crisis of 2008,
the potential impact on Medicare and Medicaid, and his 2010 film Generation Zero.
Bannon was executive chair and co-founder of the Government Accountability Institute, a
tax-exempt 501(c)(3) organization, where he helped orchestrate the publication of the
book Clinton Cash, from its founding in 2012 until he left in August 2016. For the years
2012 through 2015, he received between $81,000 and $100,000 each year; the
organization reported that he worked an average of 30 hours per week for the
organization.
In 2015, Bannon was ranked No. 19 on Mediaite's list of the "25 Most Influential in Political
News Media 2015".

Bannon also hosted a radio show (Breitbart News Daily) on the SiriusXM Patriot satellite
radio channel.
Breitbart News
Bannon was a founding member of the board of Breitbart News, an online far-right news,
opinion and commentary website which, according to Philip Elliott and Zeke J. Miller of
Time, has "pushed racist, sexist, xenophobic and anti-Semitic material into the vein of the
alternative right".
In March 2012, after founder Andrew Breitbart's death, Bannon became executive chair of
Breitbart News LLC, the parent company of Breitbart News. Under his leadership, Breitbart
took a more alt-right and nationalistic approach toward its agenda. Bannon declared the
website "the platform for the alt-right" in 2016. Bannon identifies as a conservative.
Speaking about his role at Breitbart, Bannon said: "We think of ourselves as virulently anti-
establishment, particularly 'anti-' the permanent political class."
In 2016, Ronald Radosh claimed in The Daily Beast that Bannon had told him earlier, in a
book party on November 12, 2013, that he was a Leninist, in that "Lenin wanted to destroy
the state, and that's my goal too. I want to bring everything crashing down, and destroy all
of today's establishment". While Snopes considers this claim unproven, other media such
as Time magazine and The Guardian have reported or discussed it.
In a 2014 speech to a Vatican conference, Bannon made a passing reference to Julius Evola,
a twentieth-century, Nazi-linked Italian writer who influenced Mussolini's Italian Fascism
and promoted the Traditionalist School, described by a New York Times writer as "a
worldview popular in far-right and alternative religious circles that believes progress and
equality are poisonous illusions." In referring to the associated views of Vladimir Putin,
who is influenced by Evola follower Aleksandr Dugin, Bannon stated “We, the Judeo-
Christian West, really have to look at what he's talking about as far as Traditionalism goes
— particularly the sense of where it supports the underpinnings of nationalism." He has
likewise quoted French anti-Enlightenment writer Charles Maurras approvingly to a
French diplomat.
Political career
Donald Trump campaign
On August 17, 2016, Bannon was appointed chief executive of Donald Trump's presidential
campaign leaving Breitbart to take the job.
Following the successful campaign, on November 13 Bannon was appointed chief strategist
and senior counselor to President-elect Donald Trump. This appointment drew opposition
from the Anti-Defamation League (ADL), the Council on American–Islamic Relations, the
Southern Poverty Law Center, Democrat Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid, and some
Republican strategists, because of statements in Breitbart News that were alleged to be
racist or antisemitic.

Ben Shapiro, David Horowitz, Pamela Geller, Bernard Marcus of the Republican Jewish
Coalition, Morton Klein and the Zionist Organization of America, and Shmuley Boteach
defended Bannon against the allegations of antisemitism. Alan Dershowitz first defended
Bannon and said there was no evidence he was antisemitic, but in a later piece stated that
Bannon and Breitbart had made bigoted statements against Muslims, women, and others.
The ADL said "we are not aware of any anti-Semitic statements from Bannon", while adding
"under his stewardship, Breitbart has emerged as the leading source for the extreme views
of a vocal minority who peddle bigotry and promote hate." Shapiro, who previously worked
for Breitbart, said that he has no evidence of Bannon being racist or an antisemite, but that
he was "happy to pander to those people and make common cause with them in order to
transform conservatism into European far-right nationalist populism", an assertion
supported by other sources and by gestures like his alluding to Front National politician
Marion Maréchal-Le Pen as "the new rising star".
On November 15, 2016, U.S. Representative David Cicilline of Rhode Island released a letter
to Trump signed by 169 Democratic House Representatives urging him to rescind his
appointment of Bannon. The letter stated that appointing Bannon "sends a disturbing
message about what kind of president Donald Trump wants to be", because his "ties to the
White Nationalist movement have been well documented"; it went on to present several
examples of Breitbart News' alleged xenophobia. Bannon denied being a white nationalist
and claimed, rather, that he is an "economic nationalist."
On November 18, during his first interview not conducted by Breitbart Media since the
2016 presidential election, Bannon remarked on some criticisms made about him stating
that "Darkness is good: Dick Cheney. Darth Vader. Satan. That's power. It only helps us
when they get it wrong. When they're blind to who we are and what we're doing." The
quote was published widely in the media.
Trump responded to the ongoing controversy over Bannon's appointment in an interview
with The New York Times by saying "I’ve known Steve Bannon a long time. If I thought he
was a racist, or alt-right, or any of the things that we can, you know, the terms we can use, I
wouldn’t even think about hiring him."
Trump administration
Several days after Donald Trump's inauguration, Bannon told an American newspaper,
“The media should be embarrassed and humiliated and keep its mouth shut and just listen
for a while. I want you to quote this: the media here is the opposition party. They don't
understand this country. They still do not understand why Donald Trump is the president
of the United States.”
At the end of January 2017, in a departure from the previous format of the National
Security Council (NSC), the holder of Bannon's position, along with that of the Chief of Staff,
were designated by presidential memorandum as regular attendees to the NSC's Principals
Committee, a Cabinet-level senior interagency forum for considering national security
issues. The enacted arrangement was criticised by several members of previous
administrations and was called "stone cold crazy" by Susan E. Rice, Barack Obama's last
national security adviser. In response, White House spokesman Sean Spicer pointed to

Bannon's seven years experience as a Navy officer in justifying his presence on the
Committee.
In February 2017, Bannon appeared onthe cover of Time, on which he was labeled "the
Great Manipulator". The headline used for the associated article was "Is Steve Bannon the
Second Most Powerful Man in the World?", alluding to Bannon's perceived influence in the
White House. In an interview with The Hollywood Reporter in the aftermath of the 2016
election, Bannon analogized his influence to that of "Thomas Cromwell in the court of the
Tudors".
Bannon, along with Stephen Miller, was involved in the creation of Executive Order 13769,
which resulted in restricted U.S. travel and immigration by individuals from seven
countries, suspension of the United States Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP) for 120
days, and indefinite suspension of the entry of Syrians to the United States.
Personal life
Bannon has been married and divorced three times. He has three adult daughters.
His first marriage was to Cathleen Suzanne Houff. Bannon and Houff had a daughter,
Maureen, in 1988 and subsequently divorced.
Bannon's second marriage was to Mary Louise Piccard, a former investment banker, in
April 1995. Their twin daughters were born three days after the wedding. Piccard filed for
dissolution of their marriage in 1997.
Bannon was charged with misdemeanor domestic violence, battery and dissuading a
witness in early January 1996 after Piccard accused Bannon of domestic abuse. The charges
were later dropped when his now ex-wife did not appear in court. In an article in The New
York Times Piccard stated her absence was due to threats made to her by Bannon and his
lawyer:
Mr. Bannon, she said, told her that "if I went to court he and his attorney would make sure
that I would be the one who was guilty" ... Mr. Bannon’s lawyer, she said, "threatened me,"
telling her that if Mr. Bannon went to jail, she "would have no money and no way to support
the children." ... Mr. Bannon’s lawyer ... denied pressuring her not to testify.
Piccard and Bannon divorced in 1997. During the divorce proceedings, Piccard alleged that
Bannon had made antisemitic remarks about choice of schools, saying that he did not want
to send his children to The Archer School for Girls because there were too many Jews at the
school and Jews raise their children to be "whiny brats". Bannon's spokesperson denied the
accusation noting that he had chosen to send both his children to the Archer School.
Bannon's third marriage was to Diane Clohesy; They divorced in 2009.
Lebanese-American author Nassim Nicholas Taleb, neoreactionary blogger Curtis Yarvin
and conservative intellectual Michael Anton have been pointed out as three of the main
influences in Steve Bannon's political thinking, alongside the William Strauss and Neil
Howe book The Fourth Turning (which directly inspired Bannon's film Generation Zero).

Filmography
Bannon has been a producer, writer or director on the following films and documentaries:
References
Notes
Breitbart called far Right
Breitbart associated with Alt-Right
External links
Steve Bannon at the Internet Movie Database
Steve Bannon – Appearances on C-SPAN
Search Engine Snippets
search carried out at Fri Mar 24 23:10:26 UTC 2017
1 Economic nationalism - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_nationalism
2 Economic nationalism - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_nationalism
which are different forms of economic nationalism.
3 Who benefits from Bannon's economic nationalism? - The Washington ...
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4 Economic Nationalism: Theory, History and Prospects | Global Policy ...
http://www.globalpolicyjournal.com/articles/world-economy-trade-and-
finance/economic-nationalism-theory-history-and-prospects This article makes both a
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5 What is Steve Bannon's 'economic nationalism'? And should we be ...
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/steve-bannon-economic-
nationalism-what-is-it-explained-donald-trump-cpac-2017-a7598181.html Feb 24, 2017 -

Mr Bannon says the Trump Presidency will deliver 'an economic nationalist agenda'. But
what does this mean? And should the rest of us be ...
6 Economists Say 'Economic Nationalism' Is Economic Nonsense - Forbes
http://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2017/02/25/economists-say-economic-
nationalism-is-economic-nonsense/ Feb 25, 2017 - Economic nationalism is not a real
economic theory that explains how markets function in a global economy.
7 The mounting challenge of economic nationalism - Financial Times
https://www.ft.com/content/c8d3d226-e6e6-11e6-967b-c88452263daf Jan 30, 2017 -
The mounting challenge of economic nationalism. Business leaders around the world wake
up to the power of Donald Trump. FT View.
8 The Economic Nationalism of Donald Trump - The Future of Freedom ...
http://www.fff.org/explore-freedom/article/economic-nationalism-donald-trump/ Jan 30,
2017 - First, economic nationalism seeks to limit the nation's consumption to those goods
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9 Beck: Steve Bannon's 'economic nationalism' agenda is dangerous ...
http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/23/politics/glenn-beck-steve-bannon-economic-
nationalism-anderson-cooper-cnntv/ Feb 24, 2017 - Nationally syndicated radio host Glenn
Beck said Thursday that White House Chief Strategist Steve Bannon's "economic
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10 economic nationalism Definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/economic-nationalism economic
nationalism definition, meaning, what is economic nationalism: a situation in which a
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Julius Evola
1 Julius Evola - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Evola Baron Giulio Cesare
Andrea Evola better known as Julius Evola was an Italian philosopher, painter, and
esotericist. According to the scholar Franco Ferraresi, ...
2 Steve Bannon Cited Italian Thinker Who Inspired Fascists - The New ...
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/10/world/europe/bannon-vatican-julius-evola-
fascism.html Feb 10, 2017 - Stephen K. Bannon referred to the Italian philosopher Julius
Evola in a Vatican speech in 2014. Credit Todd Heisler/The New York Times.
3 Julius Evola - Radical Traditionalist Philosphy and Metaphysics
http://www.juliusevola.com/ A Sicilian philosopher, occultist, political writer and
spiritualist, Julius Evola was one of the major advocates of Traditionalism, a philosophy
which replaced ...
4 Amazon.com: Julius Evola: Books, Biography, Blog, Audiobooks, Kindle
https://www.amazon.com/Julius-Evola/e/B001JOMNN8 Julius Evola (1898-1974) has
been one of the most misunderstood and controversial authors of the Twentieth century.
Born in Rome, Evola began his pursuit of ...

5 The Trump era is turning out to be a golden age for esoteric fascist ...
https://newrepublic.com/minutes/140568/trump-era-turning-golden-age-esoteric-
fascist-intellectuals Julius Evola (1898-1974) is hardly a household name. A monocle-
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6 Julius Evola, an Introduction - Radix Journal
http://www.radixjournal.com/journal/2014/12/12/julius-evola-an-introduction Dec 12,
2014 - Julius Evola (1898-1974) was an important Italian intellectual, though he despised
this term intensely. As poet and painter, he was the major ...
7 Does Steve Bannon Realize That Julius Evola Hated Christianity ...
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right/517326/ Feb 21, 2017 - The Italian philosopher Julius Evola is an unlikely hero for
defenders of the “Judeo-Christian West.”
8 Julius Evola's misogyny is reflected in the ideas of Steve Bannon and ...
https://qz.com/909323/bannons-interest-for-julius-evola-unveils-the-sexism-at-the-core-
of-trump/ Feb 22, 2017 - The New York Times is correct to call Julius Evola, the thinker
that Steven Bannon quoted in a speech he gave at the Vatican in 2014, taboo.
9 Reading Julius Evola - Marginal REVOLUTION
http://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2017/02/reading-julius-evola.html
Feb 15, 2017 - Yes, the survey of “works of reaction” will continue, at what speed I am not
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10 Julius Evola - RationalWiki http://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Julius_Evola Sep 10, 2016 -
Baron Giulio Cesare Andrea Evola, known to the English-speaking world as Julius Evola
(1898 - 1974), was an Italian political philosopher.
Steve Bannon
1 Steve Bannon - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Bannon Stephen Kevin
"Steve" Bannon (born November 27, 1953) is an American political aide, former media
executive and film producer, currently serving as assistant ...
2 Who Is Steve Bannon - 17 Facts About Donald Trump's Chief Strategist
http://www.cosmopolitan.com/politics/a8288455/who-is-steve-bannon-trump-chief-
strategist/ Mar 14, 2017 - He served as one of Trump's campaign CEO and now will have a
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3 Bannon Tells Trump: 'Keep a Shit List' of Republicans Who Opposed ...
http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2017/03/24/bannon-tells-trump-keep-a-shit-list-
of-republicans-who-opposed-you.html 8 hours ago - Trumpcare is in trouble and if it fails,
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4 Why Steve Bannon Might Be the Winner of the ... - New York Magazine
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5 Report: Steve Bannon Says American Health Care Act ... - Breitbart
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american-health-care-act-written-insurance-industry/ 17 hours ago - Gabriel Sherman
writes that White House chief strategist and former Breitbart News executive chairman
Steve Bannon has privately expressed ...
6 Is Steve Bannon really as bad as all that? - The Washington Post
https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/is-steve-bannon-really-as-bad-as-all-
that/2016/11/15/3c74af12-ab81-11e6-8b45-f8e493f06fcd_story.html Nov 15, 2016 - If
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9 Steven Bannon, Donald Trump's new campaign chief and alt-right ...
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10 How Donald Trump's New Campaign Chief Created an Online Haven ...
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as Steve Bannon pushes past the bluegrass band in his living room and through a crowd of
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News Snippets
search carried out at Fri Mar 24 23:10:36 UTC 2017

1 Trump Puts Economic Nationalism on the Agenda
https://townhall.com/columnists/andyschlafly/2017/03/22/trump-puts-economic-
nationalism-on-the-agenda-n2302223 Townhall, Mar 21, 2017 The former Goldman Sachs
executive was not previously thought to be an economic nationalist, but he effectively
delivered the president's ...
2 Economists Say 'Economic Nationalism' Is Economic Nonsense
https://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2017/02/25/economists-say-economic-
nationalism-is-economic-nonsense/ Forbes, Feb 25, 2017 Economic nationalism is not a
real economic theory that explains how markets function in a global economy. It is instead
a set of political ...
3 Virgil: Trump Connects to the Taproot of American Economic ...
http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/03/23/virgil-trump-connects-to-the-
taproot-of-american-economic-nationalism-with-henry-clays-american-system/ Breitbart
News, Mar 23, 2017 ... and now, in 2017, he is strengthening it by making a connection to
the taproot of American economic nationalism—the “American System.
4 What is Steve Bannon's 'economic nationalism'? And should we be ...
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/steve-bannon-economic-
nationalism-what-is-it-explained-donald-trump-cpac-2017-a7598181.html The
Independent, Feb 24, 2017 Mr Bannon says the Trump Presidency will deliver 'an
economic nationalist agenda'. But what does this mean? And should the rest of us be ...
5 Glenn Beck: Bannon's 'economic nationalism' agenda is not ...
http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/23/politics/glenn-beck-steve-bannon-economic-
nationalism-anderson-cooper-cnntv/ CNN, Feb 24, 2017 (CNN) Nationally syndicated radio
host Glenn Beck said Thursday that White House Chief Strategist Steve Bannon's "economic
nationalism" ...
6 Steve Bannon and the Making of an Economic Nationalist
https://www.wsj.com/articles/steve-bannon-and-the-making-of-an-economic-nationalist-
1489516113 Wall Street Journal (subscription), Mar 14, 2017 RICHMOND, Va.—On Oct. 7,
2008, in the cramped TV room of his modest home here, Marty Bannon watched with alarm
as plunging stock ...
7 Volatile times ahead for global economy, OECD warns
http://www.relocatemagazine.com/news/economy-volatile-times-ahead-for-global-
economy-oecd-warns Re:locate Magazine, Mar 7, 2017 Political uncertainty in many
countries, economic nationalism and diverging central bank policies risk hampering a
modest global economic ...
8 'America first' in banking sector could ignite global crisis
http://www.cnbc.com/2017/03/06/how-bannons-economic-nationalism-can-lead-to-
global-banking-chaos.html CNBC, Mar 7, 2017 Coupled with a new bent towards economic
nationalism, these policy changes in the U.S. may not only decrease trade between the U.S.
and ...

9 Tom Friedman: Economic Nationalism "A Really Stupid Idea ...
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2017/03/01/tom_friedman_economic_nationalis
m_a_really_stupid_idea_undermines_crucial_global_systems.html RealClearPolitics, Mar 1,
2017 It was created out of World War One and World War Two, two wars triggered in part
by rampant economic nationalism. Where have I heard that ...
10 Buchanan: 'Fatal' for Trump Presidency If He Abandons Economic ...
http://www.breitbart.com/video/2017/03/20/buchanan-fatal-trump-presidency-
abandons-economic-nationalism-goldman-sachs-route-globalists/ Breitbart News, Mar 20,
2017 Trump has people in there that are economic nationalists, and that battle is
underway, but if Trump abandons that nationalism, that would be ...
Julius Evola
1 In an Age of Ultra-Nationalism, What Happens to Music?
https://www.sfcv.org/article/in-an-age-of-ultra-nationalism-what-happens-to-music San
Francisco Classical Voice, Mar 11, 2017 ... that rough-faced Zvengali whose own Zvengali is
Julius Evola (1898–1974), the mid-20th-century Italian philosopher and “traditionalist”
who ...
2 Letting Russia Be Russia https://consortiumnews.com/2017/03/17/letting-russia-be-
russia/ Consortium News, Mar 17, 2017 “Julius Evola's works were discovered in the 1960s
[in Russia] by the very esoteric group of anti-communist intellectual thinkers known as
'the ...
3 Some of Steve Bannon's Biggest Intellectual Influences Are Fascists ...
http://www.alternet.org/grayzone-project/steve-bannon-fascist-white-supremacist
AlterNet, Mar 8, 2017 The New York Times pointed out that Trump's right-hand man cited
Nazi-affiliated Italian philosopher Julius Evola in a 2014 speech at a ...
4 The insufferable rise of the Self-Proclaimed Undergraduate Public ...
http://www.dbknews.com/2017/03/07/steve-bannon-reading-trump/ The Diamondback,
Mar 6, 2017 Bannon explains Putin has been influenced by "Julius Evola and different
writers of the early 20th century who are really the supporters of ...
5 Fascism in the White House?
http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/fascism-in-the-white-house/ The
American Conservative, Mar 1, 2017 The man of ideas who exerted the greatest influence
on Europe's radical neo-fascists of this period was Julius Evola. They identified him as ...
6 L'Oriente negli scritti di Julius Evola
http://www.ilgiornaleditalia.org/news/cultura/886389/L-Oriente-negli-scritti-di-
Julius.html ilgiornaleditalia, Mar 19, 2017 Si intitola “Fascismo, Giappone, Zen” la raccolta
di scritti che la Fondazione Julius Evola ha deciso di rieditare nella collana “I libri del ...
7 Steve Bannon Cited Italian Thinker Who Inspired Fascists
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/10/world/europe/bannon-vatican-julius-evola-
fascism.html New York Times, Feb 10, 2017 Stephen K. Bannon referred to the Italian

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