Compare the methods by which the Parsees of India benefitted from th.pdf

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Compare the methods by which the Parsees of India benefitted from the trade in opium and the way that the British and Dutch governments benefitted from the trade in Opium. Solution The Parsi involvement in drugs got to serve many internal Parsi requirements and therefore,it can be seen as part of the larger Parsi historical imperative to safeguard identity, and the main intention is to remain economically, social and politically relevant as a community at any given time on the whole. Therefore, this was the non European foundation of Imperialism by the Parsis. However, the British and the Dutch had a different methodology where the main aim is to earn more profits through the trade by the East India company and Dutch company respectively. This is because opium trade can be considered as a modest investment could deliver huge returns on the whole..

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wk3 reply to prof. I need help with this question below a 200 words summary with an introduction, body, conclusion and 1-2 references. please thank you. How IT and Systems make a valuable contribution to organizational change. Solution Introduction- By system, we mean “an integrated assembly of interacting elements [or components] designed to carry out cooperatively a predetermined function.” This definition is intentionally broad to cover a wide range of different systems. In an organizational context this implies a multiplicity of people, processes, technologies, and materials that together perform a significant function and contribute to a specific aim—a service or product development. Although the link between information technology and organizational learning has only begun to be explored, two related streams of research can be identified. The first adopts organizational learning as a means for explaining and resolving the problems of implementing and using new information technologies in organizations. The second stream of research develops applications of information technology to support the processes of organizational learning and knowledge management. For example, technologies such as data warehousing, expert systems, best-practice databases, and intranet/internet systems potentially comprise valuable components of organizational memory. Body- Past the standard office PC and advanced mobile phone, associations actualize information technology, custom programming or concentrated innovation gear to keep operations running easily. Progressions in innovation can possibly diminish the time expected to finish an assignment, or now and again dispose of the requirement for a business procedure or occupation work. Ordinarily, the want for expanded profitability drives moves up to innovation inside an association, which can altogether impact organization operations. Information technology (IT) has turned into an essential and indispensable piece of each strategy for success. From multi- national companies who keep up centralized server frameworks and databases to private ventures that claim a solitary PC, IT assumes a part. Companies are using IT to improve the way they design and manage customer relationships. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems capture every interaction a company has with a customer, so that a more enriching experience is possible. If a customer calls a call center with an issue, the customer support representative will be able to see what the customer has purchased, view shipping information, call up the training manual for that item and effectively respond to the issue. For employees, technological enhancements often reduce the number of tedious office tasks or improve efficiency. Changes in day-to-day operation may come in the form of an upgrade to desktop computers, faster office equipment or the introduction of a new information system. Business owners increasingly utilize comprehensive software platforms to.

wk3 reply to prof.I need help with this question below a 200 words.pdf

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Write a program that prompts the user to enter a positive integer and displays all its smallest factors in decreasing order. For example, if the integer is 120, the smallest factors are displayed as 5, 3, 2, 2, 2. Use the StackOflntegers class to store the factors (e.g., 2, 2, 2, 3, 5) and retrieve and display them in reverse order. Solution #include #include using namespace std; class StackOfIntegers { int s[100],top; public: StackOfIntegers() { top=-1; } void put(int n) { top++; s[top]=n; } int get() { if(top==-1) { return -1; } return s[top--]; } }stack; void primeFactors(int n) { while (n%2 == 0) { stack.put(2); n = n/2; } for (int i=3; i<=sqrt(n); i=i+2) { while (n%i==0) { stack.put(i); n = n/i; } } if (n > 2) stack.put(n); } int main() { int n; cout<<\"Enter a positive integer : \"; cin>>n; primeFactors(n); int f; f=stack.get(); while(f>0) { cout<.

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Write a function called countElements that counts the number of times two elements appear in a list. Your task is to ask the user to enter a list and two elements which they need to count in the list. The list and each of the elements should be inputs to a function called countElements. The function should print the count of the number of times the elements appear in the list. def countElements(countUst, element1, element2): Example: if the inputs to the function were (\"t\", \"s\", 7, 7, 2], \"t\", and 7, the function would count the instances of the letter T and the number 7 in the list, and print the number 3. There was one T and two 7\'s. Name your file Lastname_Firstname.py Solution def countElements(list, ch1, ch2): count = 0 for i in range(0,len(list)): if list[i] == ch1: count = count + 1 for i in range(0,len(list)): if list[i] == ch2: count = count + 1 return count; print countElements([\"t\",\"s\",7,7,2], \"t\", 7) Output: sh-4.3$ python main.py 3.

Write a function called countElements that counts the number of times.pdf

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This is a java lab assignment. I have added the first part \"java retail class\" at the bottom. I am unsure how to read the txt file into an array from the retail class. The stock txt file has been added also. A beginning framework and inventory list has been provided to you to use your Retail Item Class as an array. Develop a program to accomplish the following menu items that can be selected by the end user. Discussion of what each menu item should do is provided below the menu item. Modify your object class file as desired. Please append initials to files created. Use Select-Case for menu choices and methods to perform those choices. Please make a selection: 1. Open Inventory File (This should ask the user for the file name, open the file and load the data into the object array). 2. Display All (This should show a table of all items and data) 3. Display Reorder Only (This should show only the stock number, Description and current quantity for items requiring reorder) 4. Find Stock number (Allows the user to enter part of the description and displays all matching stock numbers and descriptions matching that - case insensitive, such as “cubs” or “cubs”) 5. Display Stock number (Allows user to enter stock number and displays record of item) 6. Add Quantity (Asks for stock number and quantity for units, adds it to current, displays record results) 7. Subtract Quantity (Asks for stock number and quantity, subtracts, displays results including if reorder is needed.) 8. Change Price (Asks for stick number, changes price to provided value, display results). 9. New Item (Allows adding a new item, updates count. Display record results). 10. Save Inventory File (asks user for file name, save all inventory to that file in a format that can be read back.) public class RetailItem{ private String description; private int unitsOnHand; private double price; private int restock; public void setDescription(String userDescription){ description=userDescription; } public void setUnitsOnHand(int userUnitsOnHand){ unitsOnHand=userUnitsOnHand; } public void setPrice(double userPrice){ price=userPrice; } public String getDescription(){ return description; } public int getUnitsOnHand(){ return unitsOnHand; } public double getPrice(){ return price; } public double getTotal(){ int total = unitsOnHand=(int) price; return total; } public boolean getRestock(){ return false; } public RetailItem(String descriptionGiven, int unitsOnHandGiven, double priceGiven, int restockGiven){ description=descriptionGiven; unitsOnHand=unitsOnHandGiven; price=priceGiven; restock=restockGiven; } } Solution public class RetailItem{ private int stocknumber; private String description; private int unitsOnHand; private double price; private int restock; public void setDescription(String userDescription){ description=userDescription; } public int getStocknumber() { return stocknumber; } public void setStocknumber(int stocknumber) { this.stocknumber = stocknumber; } public void setUnitsOnHand(in.

This is a java lab assignment. I have added the first part java re.pdf

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There is no video, All you have to do is show how you reference the two statements I listed below in APA format Create a reference page by citing the following sources in correct APA format. You may use your text or the OWL website to help you, but do not use citation generators. · The episode of Friends titled: The One After Joey and Rachel Kiss · The 6th edition of the APA Manual Solution Reich, A., Cohen, T. (Writers), & Bright, K. S. (Director). (2003).The one after Joey and Rachel Kiss [Television series episode]. In K. S. Bright (Producer), Friends. New York : National Broadcasting Company..

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The process of Imperialism and Colonialism played a role in the establishment of a \"European\" identity. To what extent are we witnessing this phenomenon being played out in other parts of the world today? Solution Imperialism and colonialism are interrelated. They had played a major role in establishing European identity across the world. It is actually a policy by which a country\'s power and influenceis established in other countries through colonization by means of using either military force, or other means. These days it is evident in cross border encroachments. Border issues has been a major problem in many Asian countries. Like for example India has border issues with Pakistan, Sri Lanka and China. All these countries have established their colonies across the border and they try to invade the country by means of military force. This is clearly a process of colonialism and a mark of European Identity. Though invading into another country\'s territory is not legal these days, it paves way to illegal invasion and encroachment. Countries try to exhibit their power by use of nuclear weapons. Most of the coutries are democratic these days and they have strong military base, they will not allow citizens of other countries to enter into their territory. But when miscreants or anti-democrats invade into other country they pave way for terrorism and anti-social activities. Hence all these activities exhibit the phenomenon of \"European Identity\"..

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Terrain Analysis Background Aircraft frequently rely on terrain elevation data to help navigate in low visibility conditions, to reduce pilot workload, to help closely follow terrain at low altitude to avoid radar detection (sometimes called ground-hugging or terrain-following flight), and to plot a course to avoid extreme sudden altitude changes (e.g., flying around a mountain, rather than over it). Terrain elevation data is gathered through terrain-following radar, lidar, satellites, and existing terrain map elevation information. Elevation data is especially useful radar or communication services are not operating. Elevation data is typically broken down into a grid, where each grid cell represents a square physical area of uniform size. Because elevation varies within a cell, the highest elevation in the cell is usually used as the elevation value for that cell on the grid. To navigate using elevation data, it’s useful to compute locations of peaks (high points), valleys (low points), and flat areas (which might be at high or low elevations). To a specific location is a peak, we\'re interested in discovering whether that location is a local maximum. To do this, we must examine its eight adjacent locations: left, right, above, below, and the four diagonal neighbors. If the location we’re analyzing has a higher elevation than all eight surrounding locations, then the location is clearly a peak. We might choose to loosen our definition of a peak by saying, for example, that a location is a peak if more than five of the eight surrounding locations have a lower elevation. Similarly, to decide if a location is a valley, we determine if it\'s a local minimum by checking to see if all eight neighboring locations are higher than the location we’re analyzing. If all eight are higher, we clearly have a valley. Again, we might choose to loosen our valley definition to identify a valley if more than five surrounding locations are higher than the location we’re analyzing. Determining if a location is part of a relatively flat area (a plain for our purposes, but it might also be a plateau in the real world), we would again examine all eight neighboring locations. If they are all within a small tolerance in elevation, then we would declare the location to be part of a plain. Once again, we might choose to loosen our definition of a plain, so that a location surrounded by more than five locations that have a similar elevation is considered a plain. Your Assignment You will develop a C program that creates a two-dimensional array of doubles representing an elevation grid, populates the array it with elevation data read from an instructor-supplied binary data file, displays the elevation data numerically, analyzes the data in the array to find the peaks, valleys, and plains, and displays strings indicating where these peaks, valleys, and plains are. Terrain elevation values are all assumed to be expressed in meters. When defining your C functions in this pr.

Terrain AnalysisBackgroundAircraft frequently rely on terrain el.pdf

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What do viral genomes look like compared to those of living organisms? Why is their genome so small? What do prokaryotic genomes look like compared to those of eukaryotes? (review the five points in the powerpoint discussion) Why is there such a strong correlation between genome size and gene number among prokaryotes? What is a plasmid and what role do they play in bacterial genome evolution? Horizontal Gene Transfer What does gene order tell us about the frequency of genome rearrangement in prokaryotes? Solution Viral Genome Vs. Living Organism\'s Genome Characteristics VIRUS LIVING ORGANISM NUCLEIC ACID DNA/RNA DNA REPLICATION ENZYMES USE HOST\'S ENZYME PRESENT GENOME SIZE SMALL LARGE GENOME MODIFICATIONS ABSENT PRESENT SEGMENTS MONO/MULTI-PARTITE -NA- viruses have small genome size because of high mutation rate in larger genomes, to avoid erors during multiplication the size of genome is reduced. Prokaryotic genome Vs Eukaryotic genomes characteristics prokaryote eukaryote ploidy haploid diploid origin of replication single multiple chromosome shape,number circular, single linear, multiple nuclear membrane, nucleus nucleoid, no membrane present introns absent present size small with no different regions large with distinct regions in prokaryotes, there is strong correlation between genome size and gene number because prokaryotes contain total coding genes no extra non coding region as seen in eukaryotes thus there is a positive correlation. Plasmid is a extrachromosomal DNA found in bacteria which can replicate it self independently from cellular DNA. it is involved in transfer of bacterial genes to other bacteria (horizontal gene transfer) thus facilitate recombination between genes and new genetic combination. gene order are conserved in prokaryotes, but introduction of new genes by horizontal gene transfer changes gene order. thus, changes mong conserved sequence can tell about the rearrangement between genes on chromosome..

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Verify the identity Verify the identity by transforming the left-hand side into the right-hand side. sec theta - cos theta/tan theta = tan theta/sec theta Solution (sec theta - cos theta)/tan theta=tan theta/sec theta starting with the left side (1 / cos theta - cos theta)/ tan theta (1-cos2theta)/cos theta/sin theta/cos theta= sin2theta/cos theta/sin theta/cos theta=sin theta checking the right side tan theta/sec theta=sin theta/cos theta/1/cos theta=sin theta both sides are equal to sin theta.

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Using following main file and solve the task Instead of ID and GPA, now consider following fields: Name, ID and Contact numberInsert last (already done)Display All (already done)Insert at the beginningDelete the first elementDelete the last elementSearch an element (by ID)Insert after an elementDisplay how many elements are there in the listFind the element with highest (biggest) IDFind the element with lowest (smallest) ID // main file please solve all it ... Thank You :) Using following main file and solve the task Instead of ID and GPA, now consider following fields: Name, ID and Contact numberInsert last (already done)Display All (already done)Insert at the beginningDelete the first elementDelete the last elementSearch an element (by ID)Insert after an elementDisplay how many elements are there in the listFind the element with highest (biggest) IDFind the element with lowest (smallest) ID // main file please solve all it ... Thank You :) Instead of ID and GPA, now consider following fields: Name, ID and Contact numberInsert last (already done)Display All (already done)Insert at the beginningDelete the first elementDelete the last elementSearch an element (by ID)Insert after an elementDisplay how many elements are there in the listFind the element with highest (biggest) IDFind the element with lowest (smallest) ID // main file please solve all it ... Thank You :) // main file please solve all it ... Thank You :) Solution // main file #include #include using namespace std; struct node{ //change to name , ID and contact number string name; int ID; ; string phone; //double GPA; node *link; }; node *head=NULL, *t; void insertNode() { node *temp=new node; cout<<\"Enter name..\"; cin>>temp->name; cout<<\"Enter the ID..\"; cin>>temp->ID; cout<<\"Enter Phone..\"; cin>>temp->phone; temp->link=NULL; if(head==NULL)//list is empty { head=temp; } else { t=head; while(t->link!=NULL) t=t->link; t->link=temp; } } void displayAll() { node *t=head; while(t!=NULL) { cout<<\"Name=\"<name<ID<phone<link; } } void isertAtbegin() { node *cur = head; node *temp=new node; cout<<\"Enter name..\"; cin>>temp->name; cout<<\"Enter the ID..\"; cin>>temp->ID; cout<<\"Enter Phone..\"; cin>>temp->phone; head = temp; temp->link = cur; } void deleteFirstElement() { node *cur = head,*prev=head; head = head->link; free(cur); } void searchElement(int ID) { node *cur = head; int found = 0,pos=0; while( cur!=NULL) { if( ID == cur->ID ) { found = 1; break; } cur = cur->link; ++pos; } if( found ) cout<<\"Element with Id= \"<link; node *temp=new node; cout<<\"Enter name..\"; cin>>temp->name; cout<<\"Enter the ID..\"; cin>>temp->ID; cout<<\"Enter Phone..\"; cin>>temp->phone; temp->link=next; cur->link = temp; break; } cur = cur->link; ++pos; } } void displayNumberOfelements() { node *cur = head; int count = 0; while( cur!=NULL) { ++count; cur = cur->link; } cout<<\"Number of elements in list = \"<ID; while( cur!=NULL) { if(max < cur ->ID) { max = cur ->ID; } cur = cur->link; } cout<<\.

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Suppose there are 14 children trying to form two teams with seven ch.pdf

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11. Define a simple deformable model to detect a half-circular shape (may be rotated). What will be the energy function? Solution shape is a recurring theme in computer vision. For example, shape is one of the main sources of information that can be used for object recognition. In medical image analysis, geometrical models of anatomical structures play an important role in automatic tissue segmentation. The shape of an organ can also be used to diagnose diseases. In a completely different setting, shape plays an important role in the perception of optical illusions (we tend to see particular shapes) and this can be used to explain how our visual system interprets the ambiguous and incomplete information available in an image. Our main goal is to develop techniques that can be used to represent and detect relatively generic objects in images. The techniques we present here revolve around a particular shape representation, based on the description of objects using triangulated polygons. Triangulated polygons allow us to describe complex shapes using simple building blocks. As we show in the next section, the triangles that decompose a polygon without holes are connected together in a tree structure, and this has important algorithmic consequences. By picking a particular triangulation for the polygons we obtain decompositions of objects into meaningful parts. This yields a discrete representation closely related to Blum’s medial axis transform [6]. In this paper we concentrate on the task of finding the location of a deformable shape in an image. This problem is important for the recognition of non-rigid objects. Moreover, objects in many generic classes can be described as deformed versions of an ideal template. In this setting, the location of an object is given by a continuous map from a template to an image. Figure 1 illustrates how we use a deformable template to detect a particular anatomical structure in an MR image. We will show how triangulated polygons provide rich models for deformable shapes. These models can capture both boundary and interior information of an object and can be deformed in an intuitive way. Equally important, we present an efficient algorithm for finding the optimal location of a deformable shape in an image. In contrast, previous methods that take into account the interior of deformable objects. The geometric properties of rigid objects are well understood. We know how three dimensional features such as corners or edges project into images, and there are a number of methods that can be used to represent rigid shapes and locate their projections. Some techniques, such as the alignment method [23], use explicit three dimensional representations. Other techniques, such as linear combination of views [36], capture the appearance of three dimensional shapes using a small number of two dimensional pictures. These and similar techniques assume that all shape variation comes from the viewpoint dependency of two dimensiona.

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Section I. Multiple Choice. Fill in one letter for each question. Fill in the answer that is the mest appropriats The engineers\' act of alerting the local newspaper was an example of A. open B. focal C. external D. internal 2. Which of these contributed to the notion that human beings should dominate nature? A. Plato B. Aristotle C. Judaism/Christianity D. all of the above 3. the system or process, the greater the likelihood that unforeseen problems will arise A. technical B. complex D. 4. A criticism of Utilitarian theory is the concept of the bottom line or final result can be used to justify whatever means are used to produce it. In other words \"the end justifies the means.\" , which states that the A. cost-benefit analysis C. fault tree analysis B. event tree analysis D. finance-orientation 5. Which of these most closely lists the obligations of the professional engineer, beginning with the greatest moral obligation to protect? A. self, employer, public, profession B. employer, public, profession, self C. employer, profession, self, public D. public, profession, self, employer ethical theories believe that it is essential to consider the possible results that will be produced by a particular act in order to determine whether or not it is a moral act. B. virtue C. intuitionist A. deontological A way in which a structure, mechanism, or process can malfunction C. fault tree D. focal consequence B. failure mode A. anomaly Aldo Leopld\'s Land Ethic suggests that an act is right/ moral inasmuch as it: A. promotes the overall quality of life of human beings from around the world B. promotes the overall well-being and stability of all living things and ecosystems C. allows human beings to conquer new land and thus increase the human population D. allows human beings to utilize resources like land, plants, and animals without restriction valuable, and not lists encourage us to think about the environment as valuable. En merely A. monetarily, instrumentally D. instrumentally, intrinsically If an individual acts like the \"boss\" of another person, and makes choices for them A. patriarchy D. autonomy C. patrilineality B. p Solution 1. C) Explanation: There are two types of whistlebowers, First is internal whistleblower and the other is external whistleblower. Internal Whistleblower reports about the misconduct within the organisation and external whistleblower reports to outside the organisation such as media or law organisations. In this example the engineer has reported this to local newspaper agency which is an outside organisation. Hence it is an example of external whistleblowing..

Section I. Multiple Choice. Fill in one letter for each question. Fil.pdf

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Question 5Find the accumulated value of an investment of $1500 for.pdf

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Project integration management includes the processes and activities to identify, define, combine, unify, and coordinate the various processes and project management activities within the project management process groups. In the project management context, integration includes characteristics of unification, consolidation, communication, and integrative actions that are crucial to controlled project execution through completion, successfully managing stakeholder expectations, and meeting requirements. What are the advantages of project integration management? Solution Project integration management is a unifying of all sub process that is important or required to know that various elements of the project and handling project. Advantage of project integration management are as follows: 1)project integration management is coordintae with set plans. 2)project integration management ensure that all activities within the process run efficiently. 3)It also acknowledge that team.member is doing right job ,they are on track and working towards the achievement of their goal. 4)It measure and control the project process so that thier is no deviation towards the achievement of goal and if thier is deviation than take remedial measure to correct it..

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Possible question about horizonal and vertical imbalances: Both vertical and horizontal imbalances can occur in countries with decentralized fiscal operations. 1. For each of the two imbalances, explain why they occur and why they pose (potential issues) for fiscal and economic performance. 2. Also discuss ways in which these issues can be addressed making sure to mention both pros and cons. Solution Fiscal imbalance in simple words means that the sources of revenues of the government of a country are not in line with the debt obligations. That is the debt obligations outgrow income figures. Fiscal imbalance is of two types: PART 2.

Possible question about horizonal and vertical imbalances Both verti.pdf

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Part a. facts Gibson acquired interest in Keller 112014 Various co.pdf

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Need help with some fairly simple biology questions. 1. What is chemical selection? 2. How do paleontologists determine the age of a fossil? 3. Define evolution. What is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution? Solution 1. Chemical selection occurs when a chemical within a mixture has special properties or advantages that cause it to increase in number compared to other chemicals in the mixture. Initially, scientist speculate that the special properties that enabled certain RNA molecules to undergo chemical selection were its ability to self-replicate and to perform other enzymatic functions. 2. Scientists combine several well-tested techniques to find out the ages of fossils. The most important are relative dating, in which fossils and layers of rock are placed in order from older to younger, and radiometric dating, which allows the actual ages of certain types of rock to be calculated. Relative Dating. Relative dating is the science of determining the relative order of past events (i.e., the age of an object in comparison to another), without necessarily determining their absolute age, (i.e. estimated age). In geology, rock or superficial deposits, fossils and lithologies can be used to correlate one stratigraphic column with another. Fossils are found in sedimentary rocks that formed when eroded sediments piled up in low-lying places such as river flood plains, lake bottoms or ocean floors. Sedimentary rock typically is layered, with the layers derived from different periods of sediment accumulation. Almost any place where the forces of erosion - or road crews - have carved through sedimentary rock is a good place to look for rock layers stacked up in the exposed rock face. If we look at a layer cake, we will that the layer at the bottom was the first one the baker put on the plate, and the upper ones were added later. In the same way, geologists figure out the relative ages of fossils and sedimentary rock layers; rock layers, and the fossils they contain, toward the bottom of a stack of sediments are older than those found higher in the stack. Radiometric Dating. The use of radiometric dating was first published in 1907 by Bertram Boltwood. Radiometric dating or radioactive dating is a technique used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed. The method compares the abundance of a naturally occurring radioactive isotope within the material to the abundance of its decay products, which form at a known constant rate of decay. Now it the principal source of information about the absolute age of rocks and other geological features, including the age of fossilized life forms Radiocarbon dating: It involves determining the age of an ancient fossil or specimen by measuring its carbon-14 content. Carbon-14, or radiocarbon, is a naturally occurring radioactive isotope that forms when cosmic rays in the upper atmosphere strike nitrogen molecu.

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Most tederal workers do not have long careers with an agency, and g.pdf

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Module 04 Discussion - The Reality of History In the introductory reading about Jorge Luis Borges, you learned about the opening reference in \"The Garden of Forking Paths\" to the military historian, Liddell Hart. \"Official history,\" say the editors, \"is undermined [by Borges] on the very first page\" of his fiction. Does Borges mean to imply in his story that there is no such thing as official history? In your opinion, what is \"official history\" compared to just \"history?\" How does one decide which is the official history and which isn\'t? When possible, be sure to include details from \"The Garden of Forking Paths\" in your discussion. Use this example as a reference: The story begins with a reference to World War I, and goes on to state that an allied offensive planned for July 24, 1916 was postponed until July 29 because of “torrential rains” (Meyers, 2004). Borges teeters between fiction and reality. He lets the reader wonder if the story is fiction, or about time and a future potential. The story also mentions that the first two pages are missing, which in my opinion are his way of letting the reader know that the context can be changed or manipulated. I think that he is trying to relay that we can write our own history. There are different narrators in the story and from that can result in a story within a story. The reader will determine which history to continue and that may result in different perspectives and meaning of the book. Meyers, W. E. (2004). The Garden of Forking Paths. Masterplots II: Short Story Series, Revised Edition, 1-3. Solution Reality of HIstory No. Borges does not mean to say that there is no such thing as official history. The Garden of Forking Paths is metafictional text. The metafictional text calls attention to nature of reality itself. It only seems to suggest that the lines between reality and fiction are fuzzy. Fiction may seem real but it is only a creation of language. Official history in comparison to history Official history helps policymakers and historians. Official history is a narration of incidents made available by the Government. Official history is a narration from the administrator. The administrator imposes order through coherence, convenience, and, practicability. He keeps the Government machinery functioning. Historian selects from amongst relevant truth, and, significant truth. US and UK have official history programmes. Official history is objective. official history is endorsed, authorized, and, sponsored by the Government. It may also come from non-state bodies such as firms. Historians use the official history. There is a difference between what the narrator knows to be the truth and what Yu Tsun tells the reader in the first few pages. Therefore, there are two narratives, but, it is fiction as it is metafictional text that itself tells the reader that it is not official history. It mentions several alternatives that the protagonist could have chosen. The protagonist does not .

Module 04 Discussion - The Reality of HistoryIn the introductory r.pdf

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