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All About Salmon
- 3. FIRST OFF, THE SALMON • THERE ARE 5 SPECIES OF SALMON IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST • THERE ARE THE CHUM, THE CHINOOK, THE SOCKEYE, THE PINK, AND THE COHO
- 4. The Chinook salmon are also known as the King salmon, because they are the largest Pacific salmon species.
- 5. The Chum salmon are sometimes referred to as the Dog or Keta salmon. They also have the largest natural range.
- 6. This is a Coho salmon. When it lays eggs, its jaws and teeth become hooked. This is actually a spawning Coho salmon, which is the reason for the reddish color.
- 7. The Pink salmon are the smallest and most abundant Pacific Salmon species.
- 8. These are Sockeye salmon. Sockeye salmon are different from other species of salmon because they spawn in lakes instead of rivers.
- 10. EGGS • SALMON BEGIN THEIR LIVES AS EGGS IN THE GRAVELS OF A RIVER.
- 11. ALEVIN • ALVIN ARE TINY FISH WITH YOLK SACKS ATTACHED TO THERE BELLY’S AND USUALLY STAY CLOSE TO THE GRAVEL.
- 12. FRY • FRY ARE BASICALLY ALEVIN WHO HAVE MATURED AND GROWN • THE FRY STAGE IS ALSO KNOWN AS THE PARR STAGE
- 13. SMOLT • SMOLT ARE LARGER THAN FRY AND HAVE DEVELOPED A SILVER COLOR
- 14. ADULT • FULLY MATURED SALMON WHO ARE USUALLY 18 MONTHS TO 8 YEARS OLD
- 15. SPAWNING ADULT • SPAWNING ADULTS ARE ALMOST THE SAME AS ADULTS, BUT THEY HAVE A REDDISH COLOR INSTEAD. THEY DIE WHEN THEY SPAWN.
- 16. HOW ARE SALMON IMPORTANT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT? • IN THE OCEAN, THE SALMON GIVE IMPORTANT NUTRIENTS FOR OTHER ANIMALS. • ALSO, THEY GIVE US DELICIOUS FOOD. MMMMM
- 17. HOW ARE SALMON IMPORTANT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT 2.0?
- 18. You might be surprised to find out that making delicious salmon for people to eat is a big industry and makes people a lot of money. In fact, one of the reasons we save salmon is so that humans and other animals, like orcas, can eat them. But the population of salmon is
- 19. No, we’re trying to SAVE the salmon, not COOK them! Actually, you might be surprised to find out that making delicious salmon for people to eat is a big industry and makes people a lot of money. In fact, one of the reasons we save salmon is so that humans and other animals, like orcas, can eat them. But the population of salmon is also important.
- 20. Okay, okay, enough with the funny jokes! Give us a happy picture, not a dinner plate!
- 21. Okay, enough fun, let’s get back to work!
- 22. HOW DO DAMS AFFECT SALMON?
- 23. HOW DO DAMS EFFECT SALMON? • DAMS USE 85% OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER TO POWER IT. THE OTHER 15% ARE FOSSIL FUELS. • THE WATER THAT COMES OUT OF THE DAM AND ALSO THE HOLES CREATE PRESSURE SO HIGH, THAT THEY COULD KILL ALL OF THE SALMON. • THE SALMON THAT LIVE IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER AND THE SNAKE RIVER. HAVE TO FACE EIGHT DAMS!!!! ONLY 80—95% SURVIVE! • IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER, THEY DECIDED TO CARRY SALMON THROUGH TRUCKS. THEY COULDN’T TAKE DRINKING WATER BECAUSE WE NEED TO DRINK IT, PLUS, IT IS A TOUGH RIDE SO MOST SALMON DIE!
- 24. Migration blockage • Hydropower dams block the continuous flow of rivers and streams. • As fish attempt to move up and down rivers, hydropower dams physically block their movement. • In some cases it is possible to build passages that allow fish to migrate upstream around a dam.
- 25. Habitat changes • Hydropower facilities can change water volume, temperature, depth, and velocity, and alter dissolved oxygen sediment loads.
- 26. Turbine strike • Even if fish can migrate upstream past a dam, they can suffer injury or death during their downstream migration if they come in contact with a dam’s turbines.
- 27. Fish become prey • Hydropower dams might attract predatory species because of increased concentration of fish due to migratory delays, disoriented or injured fish from turbine strikes, or
- 28. ELWHA DAM • THE ELWHA DAM IS A DAM LOCATED IN THE OLYMPIC NATIONAL PARK • IT WAS DESTROYED BECAUSE OF THE SALMON GOING INTO THE OCEAN • I WILL NOW TELL YOU HOW AND WHY...... This picture on the left is the Dam that was located there. Then to the right, is the place where the dam used to be. It took the workers from April of 2011, to June of 2014 to destroy
- 29. CONS OF DAM • SALMON CAN GO TO THE OCEAN SAFE AND SOUND. • IT USES LESS FOSSIL FUELS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT. • REMOVING DAMS CAN EFFECT WATER PURITY BY RELEASING LITTLE BITS OF SEDIMENT THAT POLLUTRES THE WATER. PROS OF DAM
- 31. Creators: Ammar, Harry, Max, and Steven Person who came up with the cooked salmon joke: Ammar The Different Types of Salmon: Ammar The Salmon Life Cycle: Max The Elwha Dam Removal: Harry Poster Maker: Steven Teachers Who Helped With This Project: Ms. Reitz, Mr. Kashevarof, Mrs. Sayre Pictures: Google Images www.images.google.com Corporations/Companies/Organizations/Businesses That Sponsor This Presentation: EFL, Eton Phoenix, Max and Co., Harry and Co., The Steven Corp., LLC EFL Commissioner/Founder: Ammar People Who Took A LOT of Notes: Ammar and Harry
Editor's Notes
- Welcome to our presentation! As a disclaimer, we would just like to say that most of these images are not to scale, and that they have been resized to fit our PowerPoint. Oh, by the way, what is the most common name for a salmon. Sam! Anyway, without further ado, all about salmon!
- This first part is about the different types of salmon that live in the Pacific Northwest.
- First of, I'll should tell you the Salmon there. There are 5 species of Salmon that live in the Pacific Northwest. There is the Chum, the Chinook, the Sockeye, the Pink, and the Coho.
- The Chinook salmon are also known as the King salmon, because they are the largest Pacific salmon species.
- The Chum salmon are sometimes referred to as the Dog or Keta salmon. They also have the largest natural range.
- This is a Coho salmon. When it lays eggs, its jaws and teeth become hooked. This is actually a spawning Coho salmon, which is the reason for the reddish color.
- The Pink salmon are the smallest and most abundant Pacific Salmon species.
- These are Sockeye salmon. Sockeye salmon are different from other species of salmon because they spawn in lakes instead of rivers.
- Next up, the salmon life cycle!
- Salmon are born as eggs in the gravels of a river.
- Alevin are like baby salmon. They have a sac, called a yolk, attached to their stomachs. Most often, they stay close to the gravel.
- Fry look a lot like Alevin, but there is no yolk on their stomachs. They have grown a bit by this stage of their life.
- Smolt look a lot like fry. They have developed a silver color, and they have grown a bit.
- Adult salmon can be anywhere from 18 months to 8 years old. They are larger than smolt.
- Spawning adults are adults who have developed an reddish color. Salmon die when they spawn.
- Now you should know why salmon are so important to the environment, because why should we care about salmon. So in the Ocean, the Salmon give really important nutrients to the environment for other animals, including us. They give us tasty nutrients for us to survive. Mmmmmm.
- And I am not kidding. That was not a joke. We love our salmon. Yes, we should let them survive, but that is why they are important. Even bears like them. Also emoji's.
- You might be surprised to find out that making delicious salmon for people to eat is a big industry and makes people a lot of money. In fact, one of the reasons we save salmon is so that humans and other animals, like orcas, can eat them. But the population of salmon is also important.
- No, we’re trying to SAVE the salmon, not COOK them! Actually, you might be surprised to find out that making delicious salmon for people to eat is a big industry and makes people a lot of money. In fact, one of the reasons we save salmon is so that humans and other animals, like orcas, can eat them. But the population of salmon is also important.
- Ok ok enough with the funny jokes! Give us a happy picture, not a dinner plate!
- Ok, enough fun, let’s get back to work!
- Next, how do dams affect salmon?
- Now I will talk of how dams effect salmon. Dams use 85% of hydroelectric power a.k.a. water power, and 15% fossil fuels which is pretty bad. Holes in dams can cause serious pressure on salmon for their journey to the Ocean. If the salmon live in the Columbia river, they have to travel down all the way down through the Snake river. There are 8 dams that the salmon have past. 95% of the salmon die by traveling through all eight!!!!!!!! So they decided to travel salmon through trucks. That even causes more pressure. They couldn't put the water in the trucks, because it is drinking water. An even higher percentage die!!!!!!
- Hydropower dams block the continuous flow of rivers and streams. As fish attempt to move up and down rivers, hydropower dams physically block their movement. In some cases it is possible to build passages that allow fish to migrate upstream around a dam.
- Hydropower facilities can change water volume, temperature, depth, and velocity, and alter dissolved oxygen sediment loads.
- Even if fish can migrate upstream past a dam, they can suffer injury or death during their downstream migration if they come in contact with a dam’s turbines.
- Hydropower dams might attract predatory species because of increased concentration of fish due to migratory delays, disoriented or injured fish from turbine strikes, or predator-friendly habitat.
- Elwha Dam, The Elwha Dam is located in the Olympic National Park. That is the National park of Washington. They destroyed the Dam because of all of the Salmon swimming to the Ocean. Now we will tell you how and why, during this PowerPoint. This picture on the left is the Dam that was located there. Then to the right, is the place where the dam used to be. It took the workers from April of 2011, to June of 2014 to destroy it.
- Here are the pros and cons of the dam being demolished. Here are the pros: #1, They salmon can go to the Ocean safe and sound without any flaws. It will also use less fossil fuels and hydroelectric power for the environment. But here are the cons: Removing dams can effect water purity by releasing little bits of sediment into the water. The salmon can then choke on the ediment and die.
- And here are the credits!