CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning) was defined as the search and study of computer applications in language teaching and learning. CALL includes a wide range of approaches from traditional drill-and-practice programs to more modern techniques. The term CALI, referring to computer-assisted language instruction, was used before CALL and had a more teacher-centered focus, whereas CALL emphasizes student-centered learning. Behavioristic CALL from the 1950s-1970s was based on drill-and-practice to repetitively reinforce language skills, while modern CALL involves more varied applications and approaches.