Convection in the Mantle

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4. The heat comes from the Core –
The Core of the planet is under an extreme amount of pressure from the weight of the
material above it; therefore the temperature increases as you move toward the center of
the Earth and would be greatest at the Core.

5. Point A because it is closer to the heat source at the Core -
Temperature increases as you move toward the center of the Earth because pressure
increases (more material above – the farther you go into Earth). Point A is closer to the
heat source and therefore warmer.

6. Point C because it is colder and more dense -
The colder the material, the slower the molecules move, the less space the
molecules take up and therefore the density increases.

7. It hits the lithosphere -
As the hotter material from the mantle rises, it does not mix with the lithosphere. Since
the hotter material has nowhere else to go, it spreads out at the top of the asthenosphere.
This pushes the colder material out of the way.

8. The temperature decreases resulting in a higher density.

9. Gravity pulls the more dense material down towards the center of the Earth.

10. Temperature Increases and the density decreases.

11. The soft rock is warmer and therefore rises up through the mantle.

12. Drives the lithosphere together, apart, slide past each other. This causes
Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Hydrothermal Vents, Rift Valleys, and Mountains