1) The world as we know it today is characterized by A) more collectivism in comparison to individualism B) galloping technological changes C) slower social change than was witnessed in previous decades D) a movement toward increased industrialization and fewer service industries 2) The fear of technology is known as A) technophobia B) electronosis C) decidophobia D) computeritis 3) What is the most popular (frequent) method used by Americans to fi nd information? A) radio B) newspapers C) Internet D) TV 4) In today’s world, almost ________ percent of Americans use e-mail. A) 75 B) 50 C) 100 D) 25 5) Which is NOT a technique to help the environment? A) recycle B) reproduce C) reuse D) reduce 6) Truly autonomous people who are unafraid to make important decisions and who accept responsibility for their lives and their decisions are A) collectivistic B) self-actualized C) normalistic D) decidoteric 7) Researchers have found high stability across a life span for which personality trait? A) introversion-extroversion B) authoritarianism C) perfectionism D) self-esteem 8) The highest degree of stability of personality has been found in the domain of A) authoritarianism B) introversion-extroversion C) perfectionism D) self-esteem 9) How does personal growth usually proceed? A) acknowledgment, dissatisfaction, reorganization B) dissonance, neutrality, consonance C) dissatisfaction, reorganization, acknowledgment D) dissonance, consonance, neutrality 10) The experience of personal growth usually ends with the stage of A) changing our attitudes B) reorganizing our experience C) acknowledging change D) feeling anxiety and discomfort 11) In which psychoanalytic stage did Freud say genuine love develops? A) anal B) genital C) latency D) oral 12) According to Erikson, the second stage of psychosocial development poses the developmental task of A) autonomy vs. shame B) industry vs. inferiority C) trust vs. mistrust D) initiative vs. guilt 13) The process by which we learn by observing is called A) reinforcement B) punishment C) observational learning D) learning theory 14) ________ emphasizes the importance of learning and the environment rather than biological or unconscious drives. A) Jung’s analytical psychology B) Bandura’s social learning theory C) Erikson’s psychosocial theory D) Freud’s psychodynamic theory 15) Ken argued with Audra that they should give up their stressful jobs and move to a small town to start a winery. He was confi dent they would be successful. Ken has high levels of A) self-effi cacy B) personality dynamism C) self-actualizing tendency D) ego as well as id 16) Humanistic psychology has received national prominence as A) deconstructivist B) the third force in psychology C) emphasizing individual sameness D) Freud’s theory 17) According to the concept of positive regard, children automatically develop a need for A) behavior rewards B) acceptance by others C) social consciousness D) valuing self 18) According to Maslow, self-actua ...

1. 1) The world as we know it today is characterized by
A) more collectivism in comparison to individualism
B) galloping technological changes
C) slower social change than was witnessed in previous decades
D) a movement toward increased industrialization and fewer
service industries
2) The fear of technology is known as
A) technophobia
B) electronosis
C) decidophobia
D) computeritis
3) What is the most popular (frequent) method used by
Americans to fi nd information?
A) radio
B) newspapers
C) Internet
D) TV
4) In today’s world, almost ________ percent of Americans use
e-mail.
A) 75
B) 50
C) 100
D) 25
5) Which is NOT a technique to help the environment?
A) recycle
B) reproduce
C) reuse
D) reduce
6) Truly autonomous people who are unafraid to make important
decisions and
who accept responsibility for their lives and their decisions are
A) collectivistic
B) self-actualized
C) normalistic

2. D) decidoteric
7) Researchers have found high stability across a life span for
which personality
trait?
A) introversion-extroversion
B) authoritarianism
C) perfectionism
D) self-esteem
8) The highest degree of stability of personality has been found
in the domain of
A) authoritarianism
B) introversion-extroversion
C) perfectionism
D) self-esteem
9) How does personal growth usually proceed?
A) acknowledgment, dissatisfaction, reorganization
B) dissonance, neutrality, consonance
C) dissatisfaction, reorganization, acknowledgment
D) dissonance, consonance, neutrality
10) The experience of personal growth usually ends with the
stage of
A) changing our attitudes
B) reorganizing our experience
C) acknowledging change
D) feeling anxiety and discomfort
11) In which psychoanalytic stage did Freud say genuine love
develops?
A) anal
B) genital
C) latency
D) oral
12) According to Erikson, the second stage of psychosocial
development poses
the developmental task of
A) autonomy vs. shame

3. B) industry vs. inferiority
C) trust vs. mistrust
D) initiative vs. guilt
13) The process by which we learn by observing is called
A) reinforcement
B) punishment
C) observational learning
D) learning theory
14) ________ emphasizes the importance of learning and the
environment rather
than biological or unconscious drives.
A) Jung’s analytical psychology
B) Bandura’s social learning theory
C) Erikson’s psychosocial theory
D) Freud’s psychodynamic theory
15) Ken argued with Audra that they should give up their
stressful jobs and move
to a small town to start a winery. He was confi dent they would
be successful.
Ken has high levels of
A) self-effi cacy
B) personality dynamism
C) self-actualizing tendency
D) ego as well as id
16) Humanistic psychology has received national prominence as
A) deconstructivist
B) the third force in psychology
C) emphasizing individual sameness
D) Freud’s theory
17) According to the concept of positive regard, children
automatically develop a
need for
A) behavior rewards
B) acceptance by others
C) social consciousness

4. D) valuing self
18) According to Maslow, self-actualizing people
A) have reached a healthier level of functioning than the rest of
us
B) are more self-centered than the average person
C) have met all their life goals
D) are exempt from anxiety as well as neurotic behavior
19) According to Maslow, self-actualization is
A) more common among children than adults
B) rarely achieved until young adulthood
C) a lifelong task that is rarely completed
D) usually attained in Western but not Eastern societies
20) With advancing age, individual differences in development
become
A) no different
B) less pronounced
C) more pronounced
D) none of the above describe advancing age
21) The developmental task of leaving home most importantly
involves
A) differentiating one’s self from one’s parents
B) getting married and having a family
C) cutting all ties to one’s parents
D) moving out of the family home
22) In the last decade, a trend seen in young adults’ behavior is
that
A) more young adults are moving in with their parents
B) more young adults are majoring in humanities and social
sciences
C) many are less concerned with social issues, such as
environment
D) more females than males between 20-24 years old are living
with their
parents
23) Women in midlife often

5. A) worry about their biological clock
B) avoid schooling
C) avoid adoption
D) avoid the workforce
24) Is there any way to predict Alzheimer’s disease?
A) yes, mild cognitive impairment at midlife often predicts later
Alzheimer’s
B) yes, the way to test for it is to test for memory loss when it
is fi rst suspected
C) no, it is found only upon autopsy
D) no, there is no way to predict nor to diagnose it for sure
25) Viagra is for
A) men only, not women
B) older men in their change of life
C) arthritis in men and women
D) young people, both male and female
26) Which factor(s) account(s) for an individual’s desire to
retire?
A) attitudes toward retirement
B) perceived adequacy of income
C) general health
D) all of the above
27) What is true of the Social Security system?
A) the government can be depended on to help the elderly even
if they have
never worked a day in their lives
B) the age for eligibility is rising
C) individuals automatically receive it upon retirement
D) all of these are true
28) The more active a person is, the more satisfi ed a person
remains is explained
by
A) disenchantment
B) the climacteric
C) activity theory

6. D) disenfranchisement
29) All those perceptions of “I” and “me” together with the
feelings and beliefs
associated with them are called the
A) social self
B) ideal self
C) real self
D) self-concept
30) The notion that each of us has multiple selves really means
A) there is no coherent core of the self-concept
B) everyone has multiple personality disorders
C) there is no such thing as the self-concept
D) the self-concept is a cluster of self images
31) Experiences that are inconsistent with our existing self-
concept tend to be
A) admitted fully into conscious awareness
B) distorted or denied to awareness
C) incorporated into our ideal self
D) labeled accurately
32) Experiences that are consistent with both our sensory
reactions and self--
concept
A) are denied to awareness
B) are usually distorted
C) are rarely accurately labeled
D) comprise the core of our self-concept
33) Low self-esteem is characterized by
A) trying so hard to improve his math scores
B) poor performance on spelling tests
C) refusal to accept praise
D) all of the above
34) According to the text, our perception of how others view us
is keyed to
A) who we would like to be
B) what others think of us

7. C) the way we see ourselves
D) our parental infl uence
35) Research demonstrates that most individuals
A) expect higher grades than they receive
B) underestimate their own intelligence
C) overestimate how salient their own behaviors and appearance
are to others
D) feel self-feedback is more important than feedback from
others
36) One of the best ways to handle personal criticism is to take
it as
A) a matter that requires you to defend yourself
B) a matter which requires immediate action
C) a cue that action may be required
D) the refl ection of another person’s envy
37) During the early stages of psychotherapy and self-
improvement, people tend
to express a lot of
A) rejection of the therapist
B) self-insight
C) self-dissatisfaction
D) self-acceptance
38) Which of the following is true about the ideal body thought
to be desired by
the opposite sex?
A) women believe men want a thin woman, but men do not confi
rm this
B) college women think men want a woman who is thinner with
larger breasts
than the woman the men say they actually desire
C) college men think women want a man who is thinner and
taller than the man
the women say they actually want
D) the type of woman men actually want is dissimilar to the
body ideal held by

8. women
39) With regard to health behaviors, which personality trait
enables us to adopt
healthy and therefore preventive behaviors?
A) competitiveness
B) self-effi cacy
C) introspection
D) conformity
40) A return to previous behavior is called
A) addiction
B) rebound
C) relapse
D) none of the above
41) Women doctors
A) spend more time with patients
B) explain medical terminology better
C) allow patients to talk more
D) all of the above
42) According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s food
pyramid, what substance
should we consume the most of?
A) meat
B) breads
C) dairy
D) fruits and vegetables
43) Which statement is true about dreams?
A) dreams are unnecessary
B) dreams are realistic and meaningful
C) dream analysis is well agreed upon
D) dream time decreases as we age
44) Physical fi tness is associated with
A) fi ghting some cancers
B) reducing anxiety
C) improved mood
D) all of the above

9. 45) ________ locus of control is when a person believes they
have control;
________ locus of control is when a person feels an outside
source has
control.
A) internal; external
B) external; internal
C) personal; external
D) personal; internal
46) One of the most reliable predictors of who will complete or
drop out of programs
for weight loss or substance abuse is the individual’s
A) educational level
B) perceived control
C) gender
D) marital status
47) When we want to lead and inspire others, we should
A) focus only on the negative aspects of changing our ways
B) focus on short-term but negative effects
C) focus on being optimistic and emphasizing the positive
D) focus on building empathy
48) In the recommended process for making wise decisions, the
fi fth and fi nal
stage consists of
A) accepting the challenge
B) assessing your actions and decision
C) following through with your decision
D) searching for alternatives
49) Which of the following is an example of reactance?
A) driving slowly because someone is tailgating to get you to
speed up
B) reading a book you have always wanted to read just for sheer
pleasure
C) fi nishing a crossword puzzle and feeling very proud of
yourself

10. D) giving money to charity every year and giving the same
amount
50) The technique of listing the advantages and disadvantages
of a given course
of action before making a decision is called
A) values clarifi cation
B) direct decision therapy
C) creative confl ict management
D) the balance sheet procedure
51) The need that appears at the top of Maslow’s hierarchy is
A) belonging
B) physiological needs
C) safety needs
D) self-actualization
52) According to Maslow’s hierarchical model of needs, the
most urgent need is
A) the highest level of unmet needs
B) the need for self-actualization
C) the need for security and other social needs
D) the lowest level of unmet needs
53) Intrinsic motivation involves active engagement out of
personal interest, while
external motivation involves
A) engagement to satisfy family
B) a need to have others guide you
C) engagement as a means to an end
D) a desire to help others
54) Zuckerman and others suggest that the need for sensation-
seeking behavior
A) is entirely due to our life circumstances, especially our fi eld
of employment;
if the job is boring, we seek sensations elsewhere
B) may be partly biological
C) becomes stronger with age
D) is not affected by social infl uences

11. 55) An effi cacious person says:
A) ”Why didn’t I do this yesterday?”
B) “We don’t have to be perfect.”
C) ”I can do this. “
D) “I may do it now or never.”
56) Based on his cross-cultural research, Matsumoto claims that
a seventh
universal emotion expressed on the human face is
A) frustration
B) love
C) joy
D) contempt
57) A basic principle of person perception is
A) our fi rst impressions are not the most lasting impressions
B) people form impressions of others only after they have
gleaned lots of information
C) not all of us form fi rst impressions of other people; we wait
to pass judgment
D) people tend to form extensive impressions of others on the
basis of very little
information
58) Our fi rst impressions of people are generally based on
A) sound psychological principles
B) very little information
C) careful observations
D) a lot of experience with the person
59) When it comes to physical attraction between people of the
opposite sex, the
“matching hypothesis” implies that
A) females seek males who match their parents’ images
B) males seek females like their mothers, and females seek
males like their
fathers
C) we are attracted to people who reciprocate our liking of them
D) we seek people who are about as attractive as we are

12. 60) Shyness in the extreme is called social anxiety, or
A) social phobia
B) unfamiliarity
C) psychopathic
D) biological predisposition
61) Who is shy?
A) teens are the shiest age group in America
B) women are shier than men
C) adults are shier than children
D) whites are shier than minorities
62) Which statement is true about loneliness?
A) people with high emotional intelligence experience greater
loneliness
B) individuals whose parents died experience increased
loneliness
C) people who are high in empathy and aware of their emotions
tend to be lonely
D) some of the loneliest people had divorced parents when they
were young
63) What is the correct sequence of group formation, according
to the text?
A) forming, storming, norming, and performing
B) storming, forming, norming, and performing
C) norming, storming, performing, and forming
D) forming, storming, performing, and norming
64) In what type of social infl uence situation do we follow
direct commands from
others?
A) interpersonal attraction
B) compliance
C) conformity
D) obedience
65) The “great man theory” found ________ traits to be
correlated with effective
U.S. presidents.
A) 3

13. B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
66) Which set of terms best fi t together?
A) in-group, task-oriented, groupthink
B) great man theory, women, conformity
C) collectives, conformity, group polarization
D) emotional intelligence, charismatic leader, transformational
leader
67) The person who remains neutral in a confl ict but renders a
binding solution to
the confl ict is known as a(n)
A) mindguard
B) arbitrator
C) mediator
D) none of these is correct
68) People who score high on the Realistic theme of the Strong
Interest Inventory
would most likely enjoy a job working as an
A) accountant
B) biologist
C) engineer
D) stockbroker
69) Which is NOT a major reason that job satisfaction tends to
rise with age and/
or years on the job?
A) knowing offi ce politics and how to circumvent them
B) having more realistic job expectations
C) job security
D) rising pay
70) Which of the following is an example of sexual harassment
according to the
text’s defi nition?
A) a male coworker whistles at his female colleague who wears
a short skirt to
work; she is so distressed by this that she never again wears a

14. short skirt to
work
B) a male employer puts his arm around his secretary who is
uncomfortable
each time he does this
C) a male coworker often tells dirty jokes which embarrass all
the female employees
D) all of these are examples, especially if the behavior impedes
the performance
of the women
71) According to a Lou Harris poll, compared to workers in the
recent past, the
average American worker today
A) has the same amount of leisure time
B) works fewer hours a week
C) has less leisure time
D) has more leisure time
72) The most common reason Americans take a vacation is for
A) family togetherness
B) escape
C) self-discovery
D) relaxation
73) The Masters and Johnson team identifi ed ________ stages
in the sexual
response cycle.
A) 6
B) 5
C) 4
D) 7
74) When she is sure she won’t see anyone she knows, Sveta
occasionally goes
out in public dressed like a man. She probably is
A) a transsexual
B) a crossdresser
C) intersexed
D) autoerotic

15. 75) According to the text, the ideal type of love is
A) intimate love
B) passionate love
C) companionate love
D) consummate love
76) Which one of the following birth control techniques is
regarded as most effective?
A) diaphragm
B) cervical cap
C) combined birth-control pills
D) condom
77) Which STD if left untreated can cause brain damage,
blindness, or paralysis?
A) genital herpes
B) syphilis
C) chlamydia
D) all three of these
78) In the triangular theory of love, ________ is the
motivational aspect of love.
A) passion
B) commitment
C) intimacy
D) romance
79) According to studies comparing people’s current romantic
relationships with
their childhood attachment styles, individuals who exhibit the
“anxious-ambivalent”
pattern
A) are the most cynical about romantic love
B) report their romances last the longest
C) are the most prone to jealousy
D) fall in love easily, but rarely fi nd true love
80) The divorce rate in the U.S. now stands at ________
percent.
A) 50
B) 75

16. C) 25
D) 5
81) EFT is a technique to
A) change thought and emotional patterns
B) intervene in disputes
C) handle family budgets
D) aid in sexual dysfunction
82) Studies of divorced people have shown that
A) most remarry in the fi rst year after their divorce
B) few of them are willing ever to marry anyone
C) most divorced people marry another divorced person
D) none of these is true about divorced people
83) According to Hans Selye, stress which has a benefi cial
effect on us is called
A) eustress
B) hypostress
C) distress
D) hyperstress
84) What are common reactions to terrorism?
A) feeling tense
B) sleep problems
C) feeling numb
D) all of the above
85) In his fi rst week as an air-traffi c controller, Harley is
already complaining of
headaches and fatigue. Harley’s symptoms are characteristic of
which stage
of the general adaptation syndrome?
A) the intermediate stage
B) resistance
C) exhaustion
D) alarm
86) Cumulative changes that refl ect the cost to the body for
adapting to stressful
demands is called

17. A) allostatic load
B) acting out
C) homeostasis
D) repression
16
Final Examination
Psychology of Adjustment
87) Withdrawal from a stressful situation
A) is a viable problem-solving response under some conditions
B) is almost always an unhealthy, maladjusted response to
stress
C) is a temporary symptom-reducing response, so it rarely
works
D) is the preferred response in almost all stressful situations
88) In terms of mental disorders, most mental health
professionals greatly attend
to
A) the statistical rarity of the behavior
B) the legal model of insanity
C) the person’s reputation among his or her peers
D) the individual’s level of personal distress
89) With regard to mental disorder and diversity, which
statement(s) is/are true?
A) minorities in treatment receive poorer quality care
B) minorities are underrepresented in mental health research
C) minorities have less access to mental health services
D) all of these are true
90) Which is not a category of compulsions?
A) hoarder
B) slacker
C) repeater
D) orderer
91) In contrast to major depression, bipolar disorder
A) is more common in the general population
B) is more prevalent among women than men
C) is more prevalent among married people

18. D) usually occurs before age 30
92) Which of the following are obvious symptoms of psychosis?
A) fear of being alone and fear of high places
B) overeating and anxiety
C) delusions and hallucinations
D) none of these is a symptom of psychosis
93) Which type of therapy emphasizes the importance of the
therapist’s attitude
of acceptance and empathetic understanding of the client?
A) psychoanalytic therapy
B) rational-emotive therapy
C) person-centered therapy
D) gestalt therapy
94) The notion that the people who can help you best are those
who have similar
problems is a common assumption in
A) gestalt therapy
B) contextual therapy
C) mutual-help groups
D) social skills training
95) The class of medication for mental disorders that has
increased most dramatically
is
A) lithium products
B) antianxiety drugs
C) antipsychotic medication
D) antidepressants
96) ________ has been shown by multiple studies to reduce
depression.
A) Eating more salt and less sugar
B) Exercise, such as jogging
C) Eating more sugar and less salt
D) Listening to classical music
97) People tend to overestimate the risk of death from causes
such as

19. A) strokes
B) heart attacks
C) accidents
D) diabetes
98) Mary is less fearful of death than many older people her
age. According to the
text, a major reason for Mary’s diminished fear of death
probably is her
A) having a college education
B) genuine belief in the afterlife
C) feeling that “it can’t happen to me”
D) having cared for a terminally ill friend
99) The healthy process of grief work involves
A) avoiding formal funeral services for others
B) wearing mourning clothes
C) not talking about one’s loss
D) sharing one’s feelings of grief
100) What is a typical response of caregivers to long-term
caregiving?
A) depression
B) relief when the cared for person dies
C) self-satisfaction
D) resentment
For this assignment, you will be reading and analyzing the
Susan Glaspell play, Trifles. As you read the play you will
notice that its format is quite different from that of a short story
or novel. At first, reading the stage directions, characters’
names and dialogue may feel awkward; but rest assured that, as
you keep reading you will find your rhythm and be able to
follow the story with little difficulty.
Please write an essay of 1000 words or more discussing the
questions below. As always, begin your paper with an engaging
introduction and clear thesis statement, develop each point in
the body of your paper using examples and quotes from the
play, and conclude your paper with a restatement of your thesis

20. and closing remarks. In addition, be sure to maintain your
credibility by including in-text citations and a reference list
correctly formatted in APA style.
1. Setting: What is the setting of the play, in terms of the time
period, region and weather? Explain the condition of the house.
What emotional response does the setting evoke in you?
2. Characters: Describe the main characters: county attorney
George Henderson, sheriff Henry Peters, neighbor Lewis Hale,
Mrs. Hale, and Mrs. Peters. What do you also know about John
and Minnie Wright? Who in this story do you feel is/are the
protagonist(s) and who is/are the antagonist(s)?
3. Plot: Summarize the plot of the play in terms of its narrative
arc (also known a pyramidal pattern): exposition, rising action,
conflict, climax, falling action and resolution/dénouement.
What makes the story suspenseful?
4. Stage Directions: Comment on Glaspell’s stage directions.
What information do they reveal that you would have not been
able to glean from the dialogue alone?
5. Symbolism: Elaborate on the symbolic meaning of the
birdcage, the dead canary, the noose and the items referred to as
“trifles.”
6. Themes: Remark on the main messages of this play. What is
the meaning of the title, Trifles? In your opinion, what is
Glaspell saying about gender differences and marriage in this
story?
7. Genre: Because this is a play, most of the story is told in
dialogue format. Articulate the differences between reading a
drama and reading a short story. Comment, too, on the
experience of reading a drama versus watching it performed by
actors.
8. Final Thoughts: Trifles is based on a true crime story that
Susan Glaspell reported on as a journalist from 1898-1901. Do
some background research on the actual events (one
recommended website
is http://www.midnightassassin.com/index.html) and write about
the increasing empathy Glaspell felt toward Margaret Hossack,

21. the alleged murderess, as Glaspell covered the case. Do you
empathize with Hossack and her fictional counterpart, Minnie
Wright? Why or why not? What overall impact has the play had
on you?