Unit 1 Examination 39 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet) The world as we know it today is characterized by: 1. Slower social change than was witnessed in previous decades.a. Galloping technological changes.b. More collectivism in comparison to individualism.c. A movement toward increased industrialization and fewer service industries. d. Technology makes relationships among people more: 2. fluid and flexiblea. uncomfortableb. long-lastingc. confusing d. The highest levels of technophobia are exhibited by: 3. middle-class mena. childrenb. mid-level managersc. the uneducated and minority group members d. The gap between use of computers by men and women: 4. has narroweda. remains the sameb. has widenedc. None of the above is true. d. The fastest growing segment of the U.S. population is: 5. African Americansa. Hispanicsb. Caucasiansc. Asians d. One of the dramatic changes in the United States today is the increase in: 6. the homogeneity of the populationa. blue-collar workersb. manufacturing and heavy industryc. cultural diversity d. Unit 1 Examination 40 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Child development involves: 7. all of the followinga. enduring changesb. biological changesc. changes due to the environment d. The number of children in the United States is projected to increase to ________ million by 8. 2030. 46a. 66b. 88c. 98 d. Which perspective on personality is primarily concerned with the influence of genetics? 9. biologicala. ecologicalb. psychodynamicc. humanistic d. Most researchers agree that intelligence and ______ have strong genetic influences. 10. clothing choicesa. interestsb. occupationsc. sociability d. Which of Bronfenbrenner’s systems refers to the setting the child is currently in? 11. macrosystema. mesosystemb. microsystemc. exosystem d. In the _______, children and adolescents are influenced by social settings that they do not take 12. part in. microsystema. mesosystemb. exosystemc. macrosystem d. Unit 1 Examination 41 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Choose the false statement. 13. The five senses decline with age.a. Older drivers have more accidents than younger drivers.b. Older adults are less likely to get a cold.c. Reaction time slows with age. d. In the last decade, a trend seen in young adults’ behavior is that: 14. More young adults are moving in with their parents.a. More young adults are majoring in humanities and social sciences.b. More females than males between 20-24 years old are living with their parents.c. Many are less concerned with social issues, such as the environment. d. The motherhood-penalty refers to the fact that: 15. Mothers pay more in health insurance.a. Women are waiting longer to become mothers.b. Working mothers are viewed as less competent than non-mothers.c. There are incr ...

1. Unit 1 Examination
39
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed
answer sheet)
The world as we know it today is characterized by: 1.
Slower social change than was witnessed in previous decades.a.
Galloping technological changes.b.
More collectivism in comparison to individualism.c.
A movement toward increased industrialization and fewer
service industries. d.
Technology makes relationships among people more: 2.
fluid and flexiblea.
uncomfortableb.
long-lastingc.
confusing d.
The highest levels of technophobia are exhibited by: 3.
middle-class mena.
childrenb.
mid-level managersc.
the uneducated and minority group members d.

2. The gap between use of computers by men and women: 4.
has narroweda.
remains the sameb.
has widenedc.
None of the above is true. d.
The fastest growing segment of the U.S. population is: 5.
African Americansa.
Hispanicsb.
Caucasiansc.
Asians d.
One of the dramatic changes in the United States today is the
increase in: 6.
the homogeneity of the populationa.
blue-collar workersb.
manufacturing and heavy industryc.
cultural diversity d.
Unit 1 Examination
40
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Child development involves: 7.

3. all of the followinga.
enduring changesb.
biological changesc.
changes due to the environment d.
The number of children in the United States is projected to
increase to ________ million by 8.
2030.
46a.
66b.
88c.
98 d.
Which perspective on personality is primarily concerned with
the influence of genetics? 9.
biologicala.
ecologicalb.
psychodynamicc.
humanistic d.
Most researchers agree that intelligence and ______ have strong
genetic influences. 10.
clothing choicesa.
interestsb.
occupationsc.
sociability d.
Which of Bronfenbrenner’s systems refers to the setting the

4. child is currently in? 11.
macrosystema.
mesosystemb.
microsystemc.
exosystem d.
In the _______, children and adolescents are influenced by
social settings that they do not take 12.
part in.
microsystema.
mesosystemb.
exosystemc.
macrosystem d.
Unit 1 Examination
41
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Choose the false statement. 13.
The five senses decline with age.a.
Older drivers have more accidents than younger drivers.b.
Older adults are less likely to get a cold.c.
Reaction time slows with age. d.
In the last decade, a trend seen in young adults’ behavior is
that: 14.

5. More young adults are moving in with their parents.a.
More young adults are majoring in humanities and social
sciences.b.
More females than males between 20-24 years old are living
with their parents.c.
Many are less concerned with social issues, such as the
environment. d.
The motherhood-penalty refers to the fact that: 15.
Mothers pay more in health insurance.a.
Women are waiting longer to become mothers.b.
Working mothers are viewed as less competent than non-
mothers.c.
There are increasing numbers of women with infertility issues.
d.
Compared to couples in the past, young married couples today
are: 16.
having mostly girl babiesa.
starting their families laterb.
having larger familiesc.
starting their families earlier d.
What does research on midlife reveal? 17.
There really is a midlife crisis.a.
Young adults are clearly happier than older
adults.b.
Middle-aged women are happier than middle-aged men.c.
Life satisfaction tends to peak at about 65 years of age. d.

6. Some of the most obvious signs of middle age include: 18.
memory lossa.
better eyesightb.
changes in physical appearancec.
None of the above. d.
Unit 1 Examination
42
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
The process of ascribing the cause of an event to something: 19.
is known as self-assessmenta.
maintains a balanced view of self-conceptb.
is labeled self-activationc.
is called attribution d.
“The self I see myself to be,” is called: 20.
the ideal selfa.
self imageb.
the social selfc.
body image d.
“The way I feel others see me,” makes up the: 21.
social selfa.

7. self-imageb.
ideal selfc.
private self d.
Our aspirations, morality, and values make up the: 22.
public selfa.
ideal selfb.
self-imagec.
social self d.
It may be most appropriate for us to modify our ideal self when
our aspirations prove to be: 23.
excessive or unrealistica.
unattainable in principleb.
consistent and unchangeablec.
unaffected by daily experience d.
More so than for most Americans, the self-concept of the
Japanese include which of the 24.
following?
ideal selfa.
private selfb.
familial selfc.
None of the above. d.
Unit 1 Examination
43

8. GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Experiences that are consistent with both our sensory reactions
and self-concept: 25.
are rarely accurately labeleda.
are usually distortedb.
comprise the core of our self-conceptc.
are denied to awarenessd.
Unit 2 Examination
84
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed
answer sheet)
The mental image we form of our own bodies is called: 1.
unembodimenta.
body imageb.
self awarenessc.
health psychology d.
Media portrayals appear to increase in men a desire to be: 2.
thinnera.
heavierb.
more muscularc.
less muscular d.

9. As people age: 3.
they worry more about their weighta.
they are less concerned with body imageb.
men worry about their looks while women don’tc.
women criticize men’s appearance more than men do d.
According to the text, most physicians and mental health
professionals now believe that: 4.
Psychological factors affect only stress-related illnesses.a.
There is a mutual interaction between our minds and bodies.b.
Physical events do not affect our emotional lives.c.
The body alone should be the basis of medical diagnosis and
treatment. d.
Which is NOT one of the traits psychologists use when
describing personality? 5.
conscientiousnessa.
agreeablenessb.
extroversionc.
happiness d.
According to Bandura, individuals can best develop high self-
efficacy by: 6.
fantasizing about their body ideala.
monitoring the behaviors they wish to changeb.
practicing self-deprivationc.
keeping their weight loss private d.

10. Unit 2 Examination
85
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
BMI combined with ________ can be a good indicator of who is
carrying too much weight. 7.
chest circumferencea.
hip widthb.
waist circumferencec.
neck circumference d.
The belief in one’s capabilities to organize and execute the
courses of action required to 8.
produce given attainments is called:
self-efficacya.
fate or luckb.
perceived controlc.
internal reinforcement d.
______ locus of control is when a person believes they have
control; ______ locus of control is 9.
when a person feels an outside source has control.
Internal; externala.
External; internalb.
Personal; exteriorc.
Personal; external d.

11. In China (as compared to the U.S.), students are more likely to
attribute school success to: 10.
controla.
fateb.
luckc.
self-efficacy d.
People in western societies are likely to have an ______ locus
of control; people in eastern 11.
countries are likely to have an ______ locus of control.
internal; externala.
external; internalb.
internal; internalc.
external; external d.
Unit 2 Examination
86
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
What type of control is an attempt to change the world to fit
one’s needs? 12.
internal controla.
external controlb.
primary controlc.
secondary control d.

12. When is optimism not appropriate? 13.
If your goal involves planning for a risky and uncertain
future.a.
If your goal is to counsel others whose future is dim.b.
If you want to appear sympathetic to people’s troubles.c.
All of the above. d.
_____ arouse us to seek gratification, while _____ direct
behavior. 14.
Values; conflictsa.
Emotions; necessitiesb.
Media; economicsc.
Needs; motives d.
According to Maslow’s hierarchical model of needs, the most
urgent need is: 15.
the need for self-actualizationa.
the lowest level of unmet needsb.
the need for security and other social needsc.
the highest level of unmet needs d.
According to Maslow, the average person’s ______ needs are
the most satisfied relative to other 16.
needs.
physiologicala.
safetyb.
lovec.

13. esteem d.
The need that Maslow says is most difficult to satisfy is: 17.
self-actualizationa.
safetyb.
esteemc.
belongingd.
Unit 2 Examination
87
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Eating behavior is strongly affected by: 18.
atmospheric pressure as the seasons changea.
the hypothalamusb.
body temperaturec.
personal values d.
Du attended college because of his parents’ desire for him to be
a successful doctor. Thus, his 19.
college career was mostly:
intrinsically motivateda.
extrinsically motivatedb.
motivated by achievementc.
motivated by sensation-seeking d.

14. Our first impressions of people are generally based on: 20.
careful observationsa.
sound psychological principlesb.
very little informationc.
a lot of experience with the person d.
Which principle generally guides notions of physical
attractiveness? 21.
Ethnocentrism and culture influence our perceptions of
attractiveness.a.
Having attractive friends positively influences your own
perceived attractiveness.b.
Appropriate hip-to-waist ratio is important to many people.c.
All of these principles affect notions of physical attractiveness.
d.
When it comes to physical attraction between people of the
opposite sex, the similarity factor 22.
implies that:
Females seek males who match their parents’ images.a.
We seek people who are about as attractive as we are.b.
Males seek females like their mothers, and females seek males
like their fathers.c.
We are attracted to people who reciprocate our liking of them.
d.
We often decide we like others if they: 23.
challenge our attitudesa.
have a greater proportion of shared attitudes with usb.

15. have a greater number of different attitudes from usc.
are different from us in their appearance and attitudesd.
Unit 2 Examination
88
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
We are more likely to maintain long-term attraction with
someone: 24.
with similar traitsa.
with complementary traitsb.
who is talkativec.
who lives in a collectivistic society d.
Propinquity is especially important in the: 25.
middle stages of attractiona.
later stages of attractionb.
early stages of attractionc.
attraction between partners onlined.
Unit 3 Examination
134
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed

16. answer sheet)
Which of the following is an example of a primary group? 1.
a crowd waiting for a rock concerta.
a kindergarten classb.
a familyc.
passengers on a jetliner d.
Which of the following is an example of a secondary group? 2.
the psychology class you are presently ina.
a familyb.
the graduating seniors at a large universityc.
all are secondary groups d.
In-group perceptions can develop: 3.
based on ethnicitya.
based on a clear set of rulesb.
any time two or more people gatherc.
All of the above are ways in-groups develop perceptions. d.
One reason biased individuals tend to hold prejudices is that
they: 4.
have no other choice because of genetic and social determinants
of prejudicea.
seek to enhance their self-esteem by viewing their own group as
superiorb.
continue receiving criticism for their behaviorc.
fear more liberal thinking and critical analysis will leave them
at a disadvantage d.

17. What is the correct sequence of group formation, according to
the text? 5.
forming, storming, norming, and performinga.
forming, storming, performing, and normingb.
storming, forming, norming, and performingc.
norming, storming, performing, and forming d.
The stage of group formation where the group comes to a
consensus about the rules under 6.
which it will operate is called:
norminga.
performingb.
formingc.
storming d.
Unit 3 Examination
135
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
One of the reasons cited in the text for joining groups is that
groups provide: 7.
individual power and aptitudea.
opportunity to pursue individual interestsb.
social comparison with othersc.
All of the above. d.

18. The text states that when choosing a career goal, it’s best to
begin by: 8.
asking your parents, spouses, or friends for their ideasa.
looking over the Occupational Outlook Handbookb.
taking stock of yourselfc.
scanning the classified ads in the newspaper d.
People who score high on the “realistic” theme of the Strong
Interest Inventory would most 9.
likely enjoy a job working as a(n):
engineera.
biologistb.
stockbrokerc.
accountant d.
People who score high on the “enterprising” theme of the Strong
Interest Inventory would 10.
prefer a job:
investigating abstract problemsa.
selling or managing a businessb.
working with their handsc.
involving self-expression d.
Psychological inventories such as the Strong Interest Inventory
are best used to predict: 11.
how happy you’ll be in a given careera.
which career you should chooseb.
how successful you’ll be in a given careerc.

19. how compatible a career might be for you d.
According to the text, when choosing a career, you should base
the decision on: 12.
your enjoyment of your first joba.
prestigeb.
a full exploration of your career optionsc.
finding a career path as quickly as possible in your early 20sd.
Unit 3 Examination
136
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
According to the text, a crucial part of the job interview is to:
13.
furnish more information than is requesteda.
discuss your salary needs early in the interviewb.
prepare for the job interview carefullyc.
avoid asking questions yourself d.
What is true about sex differences? 14.
Women are more likely to misinterpret sexual overtures.a.
Men are more sexually aggressive than women.b.
Women fantasize about having sex with strangers more than
men.c.
Men enjoy sex more than women. d.

20. Which statement regarding adolescent sexuality is false? 15.
Youth report learning more about sexuality from
the media than from their parents.a.
63 percent of twelfth graders report having sexual intercourse at
least once.b.
More than 50 percent of adolescents have engaged in oral sex
by the time they graduate c.
high school.
Youth who partake in less sexual media are
just as likely to engage in sexual
intercourse as d.
heavy viewers.
Insults used to denigrate a partner’s sexuality are called: 16.
criticisma.
contemptb.
withdrawalc.
defensiveness d.
David and Lisa agree that their sex life is very enjoyable. If
they are like most partners with a 17.
satisfactory sex life, the initiative for sexual intercourse is:
taken mostly by Lisaa.
usually taken by Davidb.
shared equally by David and Lisac.
mostly used as a way to bargain for other needs d.

21. Unit 3 Examination
137
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
The Masters and Johnson team identified _____ phases in the
sexual response cycle. 18.
4a.
5b.
6c.
7 d.
The first stage of the sexual response cycle is: 19.
excitementa.
transitionb.
resolutionc.
plateau d.
Which is true of personal ads? 20.
They emphasize the same things, regardless of culture.a.
The number of ads on the Internet has tripled in recent years.b.
Those who are not interested in long-term relationships tend to
be more honest in ads.c.
Those who disclose a lot of personal information in ads are less
likely to find success. d.
What type of love has the key characteristics of being intimate
and passionate without a sense 21.
of commitment?

22. likinga.
emptyb.
romanticc.
infatuation d.
Sternberg’s triangular view of love includes three components
of love: intimacy, passion, and: 22.
commitmenta.
friendshipb.
romancec.
compatibility d.
In Sternberg’s triangular theory of love, _____ is the
motivational aspect that involves arousal 23.
and a desire to be united with the loved one.
passiona.
commitmentb.
romancec.
intimacyd.
Unit 3 Examination
138
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
The three components of Sternberg’s triangular theory of love
are: 24.

23. intimacy, passion, and commitmenta.
love, sex, and passionb.
sex, companionship, and comfortc.
romance, love, and affection d.
What can we conclude from cross-cultural studies regarding
love and intimacy? 25.
With regard to romantic love, today’s cultures of the world are
more dissimilar than ever.a.
Individualistic societies place more emphasis on love as a basis
for marriage.b.
Passionate love is correlated with marital satisfaction, but only
in American culture due to c.
the influence of Hollywood.
Anglos are less idealistic about sex and love than Hispanics.d.
Unit 4 Examination
182
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed
answer sheet)
According to research, which group suffers from stress? 1.
high-income employeesa.
womenb.
well-educated individualsc.
All of the above. d.

24. Stress that has a beneficial effect on us is called: 2.
hyperstressa.
hypostressb.
distressc.
eustress d.
Monotonous jobs typically inspire: 3.
eustressa.
hyperstressb.
hypostressc.
distress d.
The life-events approach to conceptualizing stress: 4.
considers the total impact of various life changes, such as
beginning college or getting a.
married
takes into account how individuals perceive a given changeb.
includes the stress that comes from chronic conditions, such as
a boring jobc.
includes the stress caused by everyday incidents, such as losing
your keys d.
Which events do college students find particularly stressful,
according to research? 5.
the transition from high school to collegea.
more autonomy over lifestylesb.
maintaining a relationship with familyc.
full-time work while attending college d.

25. Some students feel distressed only in test situations. They might
be said to suffer from: 6.
acute stressa.
hyperstressb.
eustressc.
hypostress d.
Unit 4 Examination
183
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Which term does NOT describe the Type A personality? 7.
competitive and sometimes hostilea.
holds rigorous standardsb.
distressed and time urgentc.
forgiving and relaxed d.
Which is NOT used when defining psychological disorders? 8.
personal distressa.
maladaptive behaviorb.
increased freedom or personal controlc.
increased risk of suffering disability, pain, or death d.
According to the text, stigmas about mental disorders: 9.

26. are really a legal matter for lawyers and politiciansa.
are related primarily to disrespectb.
seem to concern psychologists but not psychiatristsc.
can be defined as the number of new cases per year d.
Women are ________ more likely than men to develop
depression in their lifetime. 10.
70%a.
75%b.
85%c.
95% d.
Sets of symptoms more common in some societies are called:
11.
culture-bound syndromesa.
culture-clash syndromesb.
secular syndromesc.
societal syndromes d.
Women are more likely to suffer from ________, while men are
more likely to suffer from 12.
________.
alcohol abuse; depressiona.
anxiety; phobiab.
depression; drug abusec.
phobias; depression d.
Unit 4 Examination

27. 184
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Throughout the DSM-IV, the emphasis is on: 13.
personal distress.a.
disability or impairment in one or more important areas of
functioning.b.
both a and bc.
none of the above d.
Which statement regarding psychotherapy is true? 14.
Men are more likely than women to seek professional
treatment.a.
It is less likely to be used by those with mild disturbances.b.
About one in five adults with serious psychological problems
will seek help from a mental c.
health professional.
Women are more likely to mask their problems with alcohol and
drugs. d.
Which is NOT one of the common goals of the different forms
of therapy? 15.
relief from symptomsa.
better understanding of thoughts and feelingsb.
modifying problem behaviorsc.
All of these are goals of therapy. d.
Which of the following is considered an insight therapy? 16.

28. psychoanalysisa.
behavioral therapyb.
desensitizationc.
biomedical therapies d.
In the psychoanalytic approach, the unconscious tendency of
clients to project onto the 17.
therapist their feelings and fantasies about significant others in
their childhood is called:
resistancea.
free-associationb.
desensitizationc.
transference d.
__________ is the most likely to utilize the technique of free
association. 18.
person-centered therapya.
behavioral therapyb.
psychoanalysisc.
all use free associationd.
Unit 4 Examination
185
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Traditionally, psychoanalysis involved ________ sessions
_______ times a week, often lasting 19.

29. several years.
half-hour, one to twoa.
half-hour, three to fiveb.
one-hour, one to twoc.
one-hour, three to five d.
According to the text, what percentage of people frequently
think about their own death? 20.
25a.
30b.
35c.
40 d.
Kidney disease accounts for _________ number of deaths each
year. 21.
562,875a.
127,924b.
46,448c.
22,000 d.
What is the leading cause of death in the U.S.? 22.
heart diseasea.
kidney diseaseb.
violencec.
accidents d.
People in which age group tend to be most fearful of death? 23.

30. teenagersa.
late 20sb.
early 50sc.
elderly d.
Mary is less fearful of death than many older people her age.
According to the text, a major 24.
reason for Mary’s diminished fear of death probably is her:
having cared for a terminally ill frienda.
genuine belief in the afterlifeb.
feeling that “it can’t happen to me”c.
having a college educationd.
Unit 4 Examination
186
GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment
Which of the following is NOT typical of near-death
experiences? 25.
individuals experience a detachment from their bodiesa.
there is a reunion with long-lost friends and loved onesb.
there is a brilliant lightc.
there is a life review with a sense of judgment upon itd.