This presentation provides an overview of microcontrollers for electrical and electronics engineers. It defines microcontrollers and why they are important for modern automation. It then discusses the PIC16F877A microcontroller in particular, outlining its features, peripherals, programming procedures, pin layout, and applications. Advantages of microcontrollers include their low cost, small size, and ability to virtually test programs. Disadvantages include more complex architecture and increased development time compared to microprocessors. In conclusion, microcontrollers have become essential for modern life and it is important for engineers to learn about them.

1. Presentation for EEE Engineers
Topic: Microcontroller for Modern automation
Presented by
Dilip Kumar Roy
B.Sc in EEE
PRIME UNIVERSITY
2A/1, North East of Darus Salam Road, Mirpur Dhaka 1216.

2. Contents….
Microcontroller
1. What is Microcontroller?
2. Why do we learn controller?
3. Types of controller
4. Features of PIC controller
5. PIC programming procedures
6. PIC 16F877A ‘s pin layout
7. PIC Peripherals (Ports-Digital I/O)
8. PIC Peripherals (Timers)
9. Simulated Micro C programming
10. Simulated program viewing
11.Application of Microcontroller
12.Advantages & Disadvantages
13.Conclusion

3. What is Microcontroller?
A microcontroller (sometimes
abbreviated µC, uC or MCU) is a small
computer on a single integrated
circuit containing a processor core,
memory, and programmable
input/output peripherals.
Microcontrollers are designed for
embedded applications, in contrast to
the microprocessors used in personal
computers or other general purpose
applications.

4. Why do we learn Microcontroller?
In recent years Microcontroller plays a vital role in our
modern world. Microcontroller are employed in
automatically managed in inventions appliance like-
o Medical devices
o Power tools
o Automobile
o Engine control system
o Office machines
o Remote control appliances
o Toys and many more embedded systems.

5. Types of Controller
• Microcontrollers are classified according to it’s bits,
memory, instruction set & memory architecture.
The types of Common microcontroller are given
below…
- 8051 Microcontroller
- PIC Microcontroller
- AVR Microcontroller
- ARM Microcontroller
- Etc.

6. PIC16F877A
Microcontroller

7. Features of PIC16F877A
 RISC architecture
o Only 35 instructions to learn
 35 input/output pins
o High current source/sink for direct LED
drive
o software and individually
programmable pull-up resistor
o Interrupt-on-Change pin
 Analogue comparator module with
o Two analogue comparators
o Fixed voltage reference (0.6V)
o Programmable on-chip voltage
reference
 256 bytes EEPROM memory
o Data can be written more than
1.000.000 times
 Operating frequency 0-20 MHz
 368 bytes RAM memory
 A/D converter:
o 14-channels
o 10-bit resolution
 3 independent timers/counters
 PWM output steering control
 Master Synchronous Serial Port (MSSP)
o supports SPI and I2C mode

8. PIC programming procedures
• The essential step for programming…..
• Step 1:On a PC, type the program, successfully compile it and then
generate the HEX file.
• Step 2:Using a PIC device programmer, upload the HEX file into the
PIC. This step is often called “burning”.
• Step 3:Insert your PIC into your circuit, power up and verify the
program works as expected. This step is called “dropping” the circuit.
If it isn’t, you must go to step 1 and debug your program and repeat
burning and dropping.

9. PIC 16F877A ‘s pin layout

10. PIC Peripherals (Ports-Digital I/O)
• Ports are basically digital I/O pin with exist all PICs
• The PIC 16F877A have the flowing ports:
o PORT A has 6 bit wide, Bidirectional
oPORT B,C,D have 8 bit wide, Bidirectional
o PORT E has 3 bit wide, Bidirectional
• Ports have 2 control registers:
oTRISx sets whether each pin is an input(1) or output(0)
o PORTx sets their output bit levels or contains their input bit
levels
• Most pin have 25mA source/ sink thus it can drive LEDs directly

11. PIC Peripherals (Timers)
• Available in all PICs.
• Generate interrupts on timer overview.
• Some 8bits, some 16bits, some have prescalers and/or
postscalers.
• Can use external pins as clock in/clock out.
( i.e., for counting events or using different Fosc.)

12. Simulated Micro C programming

13. Simulated program viewing

14. Application of Microcontroller
• Application of Microcontroller in Day to Day Life Devices:
o Light sensing & controlling devices
o Temperature sensing and controlling devices
o Fire detection & safety devices
o Industrial instrumentation devices
o Process control devices
• Application of Microcontroller in Industrial Control Devices:
o Industrial instrumentation devices
o Process control devices
• Application of Microcontroller in Metering & Measurement Devices:
o Volt Meter
o Measuring revolving objects
o Current meter
o Hand-held metering systems

15. Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages Disadvantages
1.Microcontrollers are cheap and very small
in size, therefore they can be embedded on
any device.
2.Programming of Microcontrollers is simple
to learn. Its not much complicated.
3.We can use simulators on Computers to
see the practical results of our program.
Thus we can work on a Embedded project
without even buying the required
Components and Chips. Thus we can
virtually see the working of our project or
program.
1.Complex architecture microcontrollers
have more complex architecture than
microprocessors. Therefore,
understanding their functionality is
quite difficult.
2.Development time due to complexity
of the circuit board, the development
time of microcontroller increases and
cost increases.

16. Conclusion
From the above discussion we can agree that
Microcontroller has made our life more
comfortable and enjoyable in our modern life.
So, as an engineer it has become a demand of
time to gather knowledge on Microcontroller.

17. Thanks to all
…Dilip Kumar