The presentation is aimed at providing basic understanding of the housing policies in the country, under standing its chronological evolution, the different policies its composition with respect to the eligibility and amenities.
2. Structure
• Introduction
• National Housing Policy
• Housing Delivery System
• Initiatives Undertaken
• Skim Perumahan Rakyat 1Malaysia (PR1MA)
• Rumah Mesra Rakyat 1 Malaysia (RMR1M) RMR1M
• Rumah Mesra Rakyat Plus
• Skim Rumah Pertamaku (SRP) / My First Home Scheme
• Skim Perumahan Mampu Milik Swasta (MyHome)
• Perumahan Penjawat Awam 1Malaysia (PPA1M)
• Housing loan scheme (SPP)
• Projek Perumahan Rakyat (PPR)
• District housing program (PPR for rent)
• Malaysia transit 1 house (RT1M)
• First home deposit financing scheme (MyDeposit)
• Rumah Mampu Milik Wilayah Persekutuan (RUMAWIP)
• Rumah Selangorku
• Rumah Idaman Rakyat (RIR)
• References
3. Introduction
Housing is decisively rooted in the economic social, and political sphere of any country that it impossible
to be explored in isolation from the broader scope of governance and policy. Besides being a remarkably
valuable asset, it carries multidimensional significance; It plays an eminent role in accelerating economic
growth and it carries social prominence as a spatial locus of personal and familial life (Abd Aziz, Hanif, &
Singaravello, 2011; Keivani & Werna, 2001)
Rapid urbanization combined with population growth has incited a surge in housing prices in many urban
areas, mainly in developing countries including Malaysia. This has been supported by the evolution of
nuclear families as against extended families brought about by economic development. Furthermore,
increase migration, changing pattern of economic status of the population, change in expectation, and
dilapidation of the existing stock has resulted in severe shortage of affordable housing.
The programs discussed further in this presentation are measures undertaken to curb the housing
shortage in all the social domains.
1 RM = 16.96 INR
Malaysia India
Population 3.12 crores
(2016)
132.42 crores
(2016)
Area 330,803
km²
3.287 million
km²
Housing
Shortage
1 Million
Units
18.78 Million
Units
HH size 4.3 4.7
4. National Housing Policy
• Thrust 1
Provision of Adequate Housing Based on the Specific needs
of Target Groups
• Thrust 2
Improving the Quality and Productivity of Housing
development
• Thrust 3
Increasing the Effectiveness of Implementation and
ensuring Compliance of the Housing Service Delivery
system
• Thrust 4
Improving the Capability of the People to Own and Rent
Houses
• Thrust 5
Sustainability of the Housing Sector
• Thrust 6
Enhancing the Level of Social Amenities, Basic Services and
Liveable Environment
A National Housing Policy (NHP) is needed to provide the
direction and basis for the planning and development of
the housing sector by all relevant ministries,
departments and agencies at the federal, state and local
levels as well as the private sector.
Thrust
Need For the Policy
Issues & Challenges of Policy
• Quality of the houses built;
• Abandoned housing projects;
• Affordability and accessibility of the people to own
or rent houses;
• Demand exceeding supply for low-cost and medium-
cost houses;
• Construction of Affordable Public Housing (APH) at
non-strategic locations
• Distribution of APH.
Goal of the Policy
To provide adequate, comfortable, quality and
affordable housing to enhance the sustainability of the
quality of life of the people.
Objectives
• Providing adequate and quality housing with
comprehensive facilities and a conducive environment;
• Enhancing the capability and accessibility of the
people to own or rent houses.
• Setting future direction to ensure the sustainability of
the housing sector.
5. Stage Period Major Housing Characteristic
Colonial Period Before 1957 • Government as a main player in housing provision
• Housing for the government servant
• Resettlement to protect from communist
• Housing provision for low income people in urban
Early stage of Independence 1957-1970 • Emphasized housing for low income people in urban
• Public sector focused on low cost housing
• Private sector started to involve in medium and high cost housing
• Enhancement of basic infrastructure
New Economic Policy 1970-1990 • Private sector played role in the development of low, medium and high
cost housing
• Housing for low income group being focus and national agenda
Implementation of Human Settlement Concept
National Development Plan 1991- 2000 • The government created many new laws and guidelines to ensure quality
housing.
• Housing law and policies that emphasis on sustainable development.
• To ensure all people regardless of their income to live in a decent house.
• Public and private sector responsibilities to provide housing
Vision Development Plan 2001-2010 • Government as a key player in provision of low cost housing provision
and private sector for medium and high cost housing.
• Emphasis on sustainable urban development and adequate housing for
all income groups.
• Housing development will be integrated with other type of development,
such as industry and commerce.
National Housing Policy
6. Housing Delivery System
Structure of Housing Provision
State
Federal Government
National Housing
Department
Housing Stock
Hosing for Rent /
Sale
PR1MA, SPNB &
Other Agencies
Housing Stock
Affordable House for
Sale
State Government
State Government
Agencies
Housing Stock
Affordable House for
Sale
Financing : Federal
Government
Land: State Land
Acquisition
Construction : Private
Contractors
Market
Private Housing
Housing Developers
& State Linked /
Companies
Housing Stock
Affordable House for
Sale
Housing Stock
Affordable House for
Sale
Financing : Private
Finance Institutions /
Banks
Land: State / Private
Land
Construction :
Private Contractors
7. Initiatives Undertaken
Skim
Perumahan
Rakyat…
Rumah Mesra
Rakyat 1
Malaysia
Rumah Mesra
Rakyat Plus
Perumahan
Penjawat Awam…
Projek
Perumahan
Rakyat
Skim Rumah
Pertamaku
Housing loan
scheme
First home
deposit
financing
scheme
Projek
Perumahan
Rakyat for
Rent
Malaysia transit 1
house
Rumah Selangorku
Rumah Mampu
Milik Wilayah
Persekutuan
Skim Perumahan
Mampu Milik
Swasta
Rumah
Idaman
Rakyat
8. Skim Perumahan Rakyat 1Malaysia (PR1MA)
• REGISTRATION
Create an account at the website, complete registration and
upload all required documents.
• LAUNCH NOTIFICATION
There will be notification of the launch of PR1MA
developments in your preferred locations also will be
advertised in the media.
• LAUNCH NOTIFICATION
Application for developments that are opened for
application.
• BALLOTING
An open and transparent "balloting" process will be
conducted for applicants who have fulfilled all the
requirements.
• UNIT SELECTION
Invitation for a Unit Selection session to choose your
preferred unit based on availability.
• FINANCING
PR1MA HOPE Home Assistance Programme is a scheme
which offers financial solutions and easy access to home
ownership.
• SALE & PURCHASING AGREEMENT
Sale & Purchase Agreement (SPA) will be signed between
the developer, i.e., PR1MA and you as the Purchaser of the
Property
Program Name Skim Perumahan Rakyat 1Malaysia
(PR1MA)
Known as Malaysia People’s Housing
Objective Build Affordable housing units in urban
areas for middle income Malaysians.
Target Group All citizens of Malaysia
Target Income
Group
RM 2500 – RM 10000
Eligibility
Criteria
• Malaysian Citizen
• Above 21 years old
• House hold income between RM 2500
– RM 10000
• Own not more than 1 property (single
or jointly)
Selection
Method
Ballot System
Price Range RM 100000 – RM 400000
Constraints • Resale is forbidden before 10 years
• Not allowed to rent out
Agency Perbadanan Pr1ma Malaysia (Federal
Government)
Process of Application
9. Skim Perumahan Rakyat 1Malaysia (PR1MA)
• TYPE OF RESIDENCE: Apartment
• NUMBER OF UNITS: 650
• PROPOSED PROJECT SITE AREA: 5.46 Acres
• LAND STATUS: Freehold
• UNIT SIZE:
•Type A: 859 sqft (3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms)
•Type B: 1,107 sqft (4 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms)
• LOCATION & EASY ACCESS
• North - South Expressway
• Jalan Putra Mahkota
• LEKAS Highway
• PRICE RANGE: RM288,000 *
End Financing Scheme
• The key features of this scheme
include stepped-up financing,
waiver of stamp duty on Sales &
Purchase Agreement (SPA) and
Loan Agreement
Rent to Own Scheme
• If your loan was rejected
by our panel banks, you
may be considered for
the Rent-To-Own.
Care by PR1MA
• With Care by PR1MA,
you can enjoy better
insurance coverage for
home ownership.
Case Exploration
10. Rumah Mesra Rakyat 1 Malaysia (RMR1M)
• REGISTRATION
Create an account at the website, complete registration and
upload all required documents.
• APPLICATION
Apply for developments that are opened for application. This
would take a period of 3 months
Process of Application
Construction / Modification Period
• Not later than 18 months from the date of surrender of
the vacant site / date of agreement
• Modification may be made after a defective repair
period expires within 1 year after the key deliveries are
made.
Program Name Rumah Mesra Rakyat 1 Malaysia
Objective Provide low income land owner such as
farmer and fisherman to own a comfortable
home.
Target Group Low income land owner
Target Income
Group
RM 750 – RM 3000
Eligibility
Criteria
• Malaysian Citizen
• Age between 18 to 60
• House hold income between RM 750 –
RM 3000
• Does not own a house
• Owns a land size not lesser than 2800
sq ft.
Selection
Method
Screening Process
Price Range RM 45000 – RM 65000
Agency Syarikat Perumahan Negara (SPNB),
Federal Government
11. Rumah Mesra Rakyat Plus
• Cash
• Through bank lending / any financial institution
RMRPlus is a new business model that takes the basic
concept of RMR1M but is dedicated to those who have their
own land but does not meet the minimum criteria of the
RMR1M application. The RMRPlus program is an
alternative program that targets those who are not eligible to
receive subsidies under the 1Malaysia People Friendly
Homes Program (RMR1M) because they exceed the
program's minimum requirements.
Finance SystemObjective
Eligibility Criteria
• Malaysian
• Aged 18 years old and above
• The condition of the land is subject to design and
financing
Key Features
• One Stop House (1) Level
• 3 Rooms & 2 Bathrooms
• Site preparation, kitchen cabinet Cupboard fixtures,
Safety system, Fence
• Converting roof specification
Agency
Syarikat Perumahan Negara (SPNB), Federal Government
12. Program Name Private Affordable Ownership Housing
Scheme
Objective A scheme by Malaysian government to
encourage more affordable homes
development by private sectors
Target Group All Malaysian citizens
Target Income
Group
RM 3000 – RM 6000
Eligibility
Criteria
• Malaysian Citizen
• Above 18 years old
• House hold income between RM 3000
– RM 6000
• First time buyer
Selection
Method
Screening Process
Constraints Resale is forbidden before 10 years
Price Range RM 50000 – RM 170000
Agency Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing &
Local Government
Skim Perumahan Mampu Milik Swasta
The MyHome scheme was announced by YAB Prime
Minister of Malaysia, YAB Dato 'Sri Mohd Najib bin Tun
Abdul Razak when presenting the Supply Bill 2014 at the
Dewan Rakyat on 25 October 2013. This scheme is one of
the government's measures to encourage the private sector
to build more many affordable homes. The MyHome
scheme offers incentives up to RM30,000 per unit which
benefits both home buyers and private developers. In 2015,
the government has provided a budget of RM300 million for
the construction of 10,000 units of affordable housing
nationwide.
Eligibility Criteria - Developer
• A legitimate company is incorporated and incorporated
under the Law of Malaysia
• Licensed housing project approved by the Housing
Development License and Advertising & Sales Permit
(APDL)
• The project is implemented on private land owned
• Market Price / House sale under My Home Scheme is
not more than RM300,000.00
• Private housing projects that do not receive any
incentives from the Government. Housing Projects
implemented by the Federal / State Government such
as PPA1M, PR1MA, RUMAWIP, State Affordable
Homes and so on are not eligible.
13. Skim Perumahan Mampu Milik Swasta
Eligibility Criteria - Project
• Strategic project location selection.
• Viability and feasibility of the project ( feasibility ).
• Meeting the demand and needs of the home at the
location requested.
• Have a strong financial capability.
Market Price / Sales (RM)
Actual Purchase
Price (RM)
Minimum Area (sqft)
HH Monthly
Income (RM)
MyHome1 80,000-120,000 50,000-90,000 800 3,000-4,000
MyHome1
Kuala Lumpur
80,000-150,000 50,000-120,000 800 3,000-4,000
MyHome1
Sabah & Sarawak
90,000-120,000 60,000-90,000 800 3,000-4,000
Market Price / Sales (RM)
Actual Purchase
Price (RM)
Minimum Area (sqft)
HH Monthly
Income (RM)
MyHome2 120,001-200,000 90,001-170,000 850 4,001- 6,000
MyHome2
Kuala Lumpur
150,001-300,000 120,001-270,000 850 4,001- 6,000
MyHome2
Sabah & Sarawak
120,001-200,000 90,001-220,000 850 4,001- 6,000
My Home 1
My Home 2
14. Skim Rumah Pertamaku (SRP)
• Residential properties located in Malaysia
• Minimum property value of RM100,000
• Maximum property value of RM500,000
• Owner occupied (buyers are required to reside in the
property)
The Scheme allows young adults to obtain 100% financing
from participating financial institutions, enabling them to own
their 1st home without the need to pay a 10% down
payment.
Eligible PropertiesObjective
Eligibility Criteria
• Must be a Malaysian citizen
• First time home-buyer
• Individuals up to age 40 years
• Employees in private sectors, including statutory bodies
that do not offer government staff housing
loan/financing facility
• Single borrower gross income not exceeding
RM5,000/month and joint borrowers gross income not
exceeding RM10,000/month (based on gross maximum
income of RM5,000/month per borrower)
• Repayment of total financing obligation must not be
more than 60% of the net monthly income or maximum
financing limit of the participating bank, whichever is
lower
• Financing tenure not exceeding 35 years, subject to
borrower’s age not exceeding 65 years at the end of
financing tenure.
• Amortising facility only
• Instalments payable via monthly salary deduction or
standing instruction
• Compulsory Fire insurance
Financial Requirements
• Application can be made at any branch of the
participating banks.
• The maximum financing tenure is 35 years, subject to
borrower’s age not exceeding 65 years at the end of
financing tenor and to underwriting policies of the
participating banks.
Application Procedure
15. HOUSING LOAN SCHEME (SPP)
Eligibility
• Applicants and spouse are Malaysian citizens
• Aged 21 to 70 years old
• Not a Government employee or pensioner (including
spouse)
• Applicants and spouses have no home yet
• Total gross household income ranging from RM1,000.00
to RM3,000.00 per month
• Own land or land belonging to immediate family
members
SPP was created to provide lending facilities to low-income
earners who still do not own their own homes. This scheme
is one cost of building houses so that they have the least
resources to own their homes.
Objective
The Housing Loan Scheme (SPP) is managed through a
trust fund account known as the Housing Loan Trust Fund
for the Low-Income Group. This fund was approved on 17
December 1975 under the Financial Procedure Act 1957
(amendment 1972) and came into force in 1976
Construction Terms
• Low cost house - floor area 700 - 1,000 square feet, at
least 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms, living room and
kitchen.
• It is given the option to use the plans provided by the
National Housing Department (NRD) ONLY.
• Applicants can NOT use their own plan
• Obtain approval of Building Plan by the Local Authority
(PBT) if required
• Appointment of contractors is managed by the borrower
and the contractor: -
• Local contractors by state constituency;
• Have a Company Registration or a valid CIDB
Registration Certificate;
• Having sufficient financial resources
• Have specialization in construction related fields
Terms of Loan
• Maximum Loan Limit RM60,000.00 (excluding
insurance coverage)
• Maximum loan repayment period of 35 years or up to
age 70.
• Service charge of 2% on the loan.
• Need to take insurance coverage provided by the
Insurance Panel, the National Housing Department on a
built house
16. DISTRICT HOUSING PROGRAM (PPR For Ownership)
Features & Facility
• Large area in the city: The type of multilevel house
between 5 to 18 floors
• Suburban area: Type of terrace house
• Area: Not less than 700 square feet
• Buildings - 3 Bedrooms, 1 Living Room, 1 Kitchen
Room, 2 Bathrooms
• Basic facilities:
• Community Hall / Public Hall
• Surau / Prayer Room
• Dining Stall / Commercial Space
• Kindergarten
• OKU facilities
• Playground / Free Area
• Garbage House
The Program is a Government program for relocation of
squatter and meeting the needs of the dwelling for the lower
income group.
The Government is implementing the Owned PPR which aims
to enable lower-income groups to have their own
homes. Owned PPR houses sold at RM35,000 per unit in
Peninsular Malaysia and RM40,500 per unit in Sabah and
Sarawak.
Program Name DISTRICT HOUSING PROGRAM
Objective Improve standard and cost of living of LIG
Target Group All Malaysian citizens
Target Income
Group
Under RM2500
Eligibility
Criteria
• Malaysian Citizen
• Above 18 years old
• House hold income below RM 2500
• First time buyer
• Applicant with family (Priority)
Selection
Method
Screening Process
Constraints Not allowed to rent out
Price Range RM 30000 – RM 40500
Agency Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing &
Local Government
17. DISTRICT HOUSING PROGRAM (PPR For Rent)
The rented PPR program was introduced in February 2002
aimed at being rented out to target groups (low income and
squatter) at RM124.00 per month.
Objective
Features & Facility
• Large area in the city: The type of multilevel house
between 5 to 18 floors
• Suburban area: Type of terrace house
• Area: Not less than 700 square feet
• Buildings - 3 Bedrooms, 1 Living Room, 1 Kitchen
Room, 2 Bathrooms
• Basic facilities:
• Community Hall / Public Hall
• Surau / Prayer Room
• Dining Stall / Commercial Space
• Kindergarten
• OKU facilities
• Playground / Free Area
• Garbage House
Eligibility Criteria
• Malaysian
• Aged 18 years old and above
• Household income below RM3000 per month
• The petitioner has no home yet
• Under the additional terms set by the State Government
• The program is a Government program for relocation of
squatter and meeting the needs of the dwelling for the
lower income group. The National Housing Department
under the Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing and
Local Government is the leading implementing agency
for PPR projects throughout Malaysia.
• All houses constructed under both the Owned PPR and
Rented PPR program will use the specification of
design and design of low-cost housing set out in the
National Housing Standard for Low Cost Housing
(CIS2).
Locations
DEVELOPMENT TYPE
1 PPR Simpang, Perdana Apartment
2 PPR Sungai Putat, Melaka Apartment
3
PPR Hiliran, Kuala Terengganu,
Terengganu.
Apartment
18. MALAYSIA TRANSIT 1 HOUSE (RT1M)
The 1Malaysia Transit Home Program (RT1M) aims to
provide temporary housing facilities to married couples aged
between 18 and 30 years old. This program is concentrated
in big cities to reduce the burden of low qualified low-income
young couples.
Target Group
All Malaysian citizen with a hh income less than RM5000
living in a transit area and does not have his own house.
Objective Rent & Rental Period
• The house is rented at a rate of RM250.00 per month
for an initial rental period of two years.
• The tenant will be given six months prior to the expiry of
the contract period for the purpose of emptying the
house.
Features & Facility
• The area of the unit is between 700 and 850 square
feet, 2 or 3 bedrooms,2 bathrooms, Living room,
Kitchen and equipped with fan and lamp
• Facilities at RT1M include Multipurpose hall, Nursery
room, Shops / booths, Management Office, Parking lot,
Motorcycle parking lot, Area fence and Security
Current Locations
Currently, 2 blocks (L and M Blocks) at PPR Pinggiran Bukit
Jalil with 632 units of houses are used as a pilot project for
this program. The program will be extended to major cities
throughout Malaysia.
Eligibility Criteria
• Applicants and spouse are Malaysian citizens
• Applicants have been married
• The applicant is between 18 and 30 years old
• The applicant does not have his / her own home in the
transit area / country of residence
• The applicant works in the transit area / country
• Household income of RM5,000 and below
• There is no criminal record
19. In line with the objective of the National Housing Policy to
enhance the capabilities and accessibility of homeowners. The
Government has announced an allocation of RM200 million as
a contribution to the deposit payment for the purchase of the
first house by one household. The My Deposit Scheme
application was officially opened on 6 April 2016. This scheme
is one of the Government's initiatives to encourage home
ownership by Malaysians.
Through My Deposit, new first home owners are able to get a
one-off contribution of 10% on the sale price or a maximum of
RM30,000 (whichever is lower). This amount does not need to
be paid back as it is a contribution from the government.
FIRST HOME DEPOSIT FINANCING SCHEME
The First Home Deposit Financing Scheme (My Deposit) is a
special product introduced by the Government to help the
middle class have the first home. The Government has
announced an allocation of RM200 million as a contribution to
the deposit payment for the purchase of the first house by one
household.
Eligibility - Projects
• Licensed new housing project licensed from licensed
housing developers only
• House purchase price of RM500,000 and below
• Approval of purchases for private housing projects that
are not subsidized / incentives / Government funds
• Housing projects by Federal and State Governments
such as PPA1M, PR1MA, RUMAWIP, PPR, My Home
and Affordable Houses are not allowed
Objective
Constraint
It has been stipulated that the properties bought via the My
Deposit scheme cannot be sold for 10 years, effective from
Sale & Purchase Agreement date.
• Malaysian
• Aged 21 and up
• Purchase of first home for one household. Households
refer to husband or wife only. The spouse or spouse
who owns the home for one household is NOT
ALLOWED.
• Household income ranges from RM3,000 to RM15,000
Eligibility Criteria
Agency
The My Deposit Scheme was launched by the Government
through the Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing and Local
Government (KPKT)
20. Rumah Idaman Rakyat (RIR)
The My Home scheme was announced by YAB Prime Minister of
Malaysia, when presenting the Supply Bill 2014 at the House of
Commons on 25 October 2013. This code is one of the
government's measures to encourage the private sector to build
more many affordable homes.
Features
Program Name Rumah Idman Rakyat
Objective Provide affordable houses to MIG
Target Group All Malaysian Citizen
Target Income
Group
Monthly HH income< RM 10000
Eligibility Criteria • Malaysian Citizen
• Age : 21 years and above
• Priority given to first time buyers, disabled
persons (OKU) and single mothers
Selection Method Screening Process
Price Range Under 350000
Constraints Resale is forbidden for 5 years
Not allowed to rent out
Agency Syarikat Perumahan Negara (SPNB), Federal
Government
• SELLING PRICE
House ≤ RM350, 000
• MIXED HOUSING
Lot Bungalow / Units Unit, Home Terrace /
Shop, Apartment : 5 ≤ 7 units
• LAND OWNERSHIP
State or Federal Government of the State statutory
body or Agency Federation
• FINANCING
Financing by bank
• MORATORIUM
≤ 5 years
• CAPITAL CYCLE
Infrastructure and earthworks allocation RM83 million.
• BUSINESS PARTNER
Cooperation between RIR and business partners such
as bank institutions (Maybank / CIMB etc.), Mydin
Store and KFC to jointly develop selected residential
areas with SPNB
21. Rumah Mampu Milik Wilayah
PersekutuanThe State Government has introduced a new housing concept,
Affordable Homes, which provides more comfort in terms of
size, design and community.
Now Low Cost Houses, Medium Low Cost Houses, Medium
Cost Houses and Affordable Houses are known as Selangorku
Houses.
Program Name Rumah Selangorku
Objective Provide affordable houses to MIG within
the region of Selangor
Target Group All Malaysian Citizen
Target Income
Group
RM 3000 – RM 10000
Eligibility Criteria • Malaysian Citizen
• Age : 18 years and above
• Residing in Selangor
• Does not own a property in Selangor
Selection Method Screening Process
Price Range Under 350000
Constraints • Resale is forbidden for 5 years
• Not allowed to rent out
Agency Lembaga Perumahan dan Hartanah
Selangor (LPHS)
Rumah Selangorku
Program Name Rumah Mampu Milik Wilayah
Persekutuan
Objective Provide affordable houses to MIG who
stay and work in Waliyah Persekutuan
Target Group Waliyah Persekutuan Citizen
Target Income
Group
Under RM150000
Eligibility Criteria • Malaysian Citizen
• Age : 21 years and above
• Stay and work in Waliyah
Persekutuan
• Income less than RM15000
• First house in Waliyah
Persekutuan
Selection Method Ballot
Price Range Under 350000
Constraints • Resale is forbidden for 5 years
• Not allowed to rent out
Agency Ministry of Federal Territories (KWP)
22. References
National Housing Policy, Malaysia
Malaysia Affordable Housing Revisited- Diwa Samad
Malaysian Housing Policies – Pospects and obstaclesof National Vision 2020 – Andrew C Ezeanya
http://www.spnbmesra.com.my/
https://www.spnbidaman.com.my/rumah-idaman-rakyat/
https://sprn.kpkt.gov.my/sites/default/files/SPP_760.pdf
https://www.ppa1m.gov.my/application/survey
http://haven.pr1ma.my/?l=en