1.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Linked Open Data
Deirdre Lee
Digital Enterprise Research Institute (DERI), NUI Galway
22nd November 2012
© Copyright 2011 Digital Enterprise Research Institute. All rights reserved.
Enabling Networked Knowledge

2.
DERI, NUI Galway
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 Centre for Science, Engineering and Technology (CSET) established in
2003 with funding from the Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
 ~130 researchers
 Research Areas: Semantic Web, Web Science, Social Networks, Data
Mining, Information Systems
 Application Areas: eGovernment, Bioinformatics, Security, eBusiness and
financial services, eHealth, and Green & Sustainable IT.
Enabling Networked Knowledge

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DERI, NUI Galway
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 National funding from SFI, EI, IRCSET and industrial collaborations
 EC Funding: FP6, FP7, etc.
 DERI technology driving 100,000s of Websites (i.e. in Drupal)
 DERI technology installed on countless desktops (i.e. in Linux)
 ~100 industry and public partners
 Avaya, Alcatel-Lucent, Celtrak, Cisco, Ericsson, FBK, OpenLink, Storm Technology, etc.
 > 1,000 peer-reviewed papers
 Actively participate in 17 standardisation activities (W3C, OASIS)
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4.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 What is Linked Open Data?
Open Data?
 Linked Data Standards & Tools
 Linked Open Data in Practice
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5.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Public OP N
E
Data  Difficult to find Data
 Difficult to reuse
 Difficult to integrate
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What is Linked Open Data?
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
? Enabling Networked Knowledge

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What is Linked Open Data?
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
hasRugbyTeam
hasCapital
IRELAND
hasGovernment
hasMusicGroup
hasUniversity
hasUnemployment
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What is Linked Open Data?
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Facilitating data integration through:
 Common data model
 Building relations
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Two Key Ingredients
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
1. RDF – Resource Description Framework
(Graph based Data)
 Identifies objects (URIs)
 Interlink information (Relationships)
1. Vocabularies (Ontologies)
 Provide shared understanding of a domain
 Organise knowledge in a machine-comprehensible way
 Give an exploitable meaning to the data
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LOD Cloud
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
http://lod-cloud.net

11.
TimBL’s 5 Open Data
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
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★ On the Web, Open License
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 On the Web
 Wide access
 Google can index it
 People can find it themselves
 Open License
 Regulates reuse of data
 Helps maintain provenance
 Strengthens business reuse
– http://opendefinition.org/licenses/
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★ ★ Structured Data
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 Machine-readable
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Screenscraping
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 People use tools like ScraperWiki to
get at data that isn't machine-
readable
 https://scraperwiki.com/tags/ireland
 Scraping is problematic because:
 It is expensive
 It is brittle
 It puts a strain on computing resources
Enabling Networked Knowledge

15.
Formats
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 Good:
 MS Excel, CSV, XML, JSON, Microdata
 Not so good:
 Pure websites, MS Word
 Bad:
 PDF
 Really bad:
 Only charts/maps without numbers, images
Enabling Networked Knowledge

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★ ★ ★ Non-Proprietary Formats
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Freedom of how to process, analyse and visualise
data
 Proprietary:
 Word, Excel, PDF
 Non-proprietary:
 CSV, XML, JSON, Microdata, RDF
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★ ★ ★ ★ Use URIs
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Unique identifiers enable others to point to the data.
 <http://www.deri.ie/about/team/member/Deirdre_Lee>
 <http://www.deri.ie/publications#uid_339 >
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★ ★ ★ ★ ★ Linking Data
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Link your data to other data to provide context
http://lod-cloud.net
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19.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 What is Linked Data
 Linked Data Standards & Tools
 Linked Open Data in Practice
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Linked Data Standards
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Government Linked Data (GLD) WG www.w3.org/2011/gld/
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Linked Open Metadata
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT)
http://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dca
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22.
Integrating Linked Metadata
Repositories
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Shukair, G., et al., Integrating Linked Metadata Repositories in the Web of Data, in Third
International Workshop on Consuming Linked Data (COLD 2012)at ISWC 2012: Boston, US.
Enabling Networked Knowledge

23.
Domain-Specific Vocabularies
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 JOINUP European Commission ISA Semantic Assets
 Core Person Vocabulary
 Core Location Vocabulary
 Core Business Vocabulary
 Core Public Service Vocabulary
– http://joinup.ec.europa.eu/
 Data Cube Vocabulary
 http://www.w3.org/2011/gld/wiki/Data_Cube_Vocabulary
 Vocab Lists
 http://vocab.deri.ie/
 http://vocab.data.gov/
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Linked Data Tools
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
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25.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 What is Linked Data
 Linked Data Standards & Tools
 Linked Open Data in Practice
Enabling Networked Knowledge

26.
Lets Do It Galway 2012
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
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Galway Open Data Portal
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
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Galway Compass -Piers
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
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County Rank
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
http://county-rank.data-gov.ie/
Enabling Networked Knowledge

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Fingal Fact Finder
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
http://vmsgov03.deri.ie:8080/data-cube-searcher/about.html
Enabling Networked Knowledge

31.
World Bank Linked Data
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 World Bank Indicators http://worldbank.270a.info
 World Bank Finances
 World Bank Projects and
Operations
 World Bank Climate Change
Sarven Capadisli
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32.
Europeana LOD Pilot
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
http://data.europeana.eu http://srvgal85.deri.ie/ab-app/
 Fully open metadata
 2.4 M objects
 200 individual
providers
 15 countries
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Linked Sensor Middleware (LSM)
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Live data
http://lsm.deri.ie
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Over 110,000 Live Data Sources
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
…and growing!!!
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35.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
3
Railway Station
a
Flight information update
CallSign: EIN432. Latitude: 47.17525.
Longitude: 8.61251. Altitude: 34000.0 (feet). Speed:
392 (kts). Departure: ARN. Destination: LHR
1
RDF data b
2
Traffic camera
4
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Super Stream Collider
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
LSM Sensors
SPARQL
Endpoint
http://superstreamcollider.org
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Linked Data in Systems Biology
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
~20 000
genes ~100 interesting
High-throughput technologies
genes/proteins
~ 10 interesting
Computational statistics
pathways
Browse databases
~5 proteins testable in
the lab
Literature
Linked Data
Hypothesis
Generation
“I like to call it low-input, high-
throughput, no-output biology.”
Enabling Networked Knowledge

38.
Data.gov.uk Linked Open Data
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge

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Data.gov Linked Open Data
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 Clinical Quality Linked Data on Health.data.gov
 EPA s Facility Registry and Substance Registry
Enabling Networked Knowledge

40.
Norwegian National Master
Data as LOD
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Norwegian master data:
Business Property
Citizen
(Legal Entities) (inc. map data)
 The Central Coordinating Register for Legal Entities (RLE)
 ~1 million companies, 40 attributes
 Norwegian Semantic Repository of Electronic Services (SERES)
 Metadata repository
 Register of Company Accounts
Myrseth, P., et al., National Master Data as 5 Star Linked Open Data, in Electronic
Government (eGov2012). 2012, Trauner-Verlag: Kristiansand, Norway.
Enabling Networked Knowledge

41.
Fire Department
Amsterdam-Amstelland
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Bart van Leeuwen – Fire fighter & netage.nl
 Problem:
http://blog.resc.info/
 Masses of data
 Navigation system didn’t work
 Operational risks due to communication failure
 Need for:
 Structured incident information
 Used by >15 Fire Stations in the greater
Amsterdam area
 All Linked Data published on Web
Enabling Networked Knowledge

42.
New York Times
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
http://data.nytimes.com/
Enabling Networked Knowledge

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How the BBC makes Websites
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 Develop a domain model
 Populate your data model
 Design URIs
 Build pages
 Apply layout and decor CSS
 Test and iterate
Mike Atherton, ‘Beyond the Polar Bear’
http://www.slideshare.net/reduxd/beyond-the-polar-bear
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Proof Points
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
 Massive Industry Adoption
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Open Data Publishing Pipeline
Digital Enterprise Research Institute
(ODPP) www.deri.ie
 Difficulty with Publishing Open Data:
 Remains quite a manual process
 Modular Data Management System for publishing
standard Open Data, based on Open Source
components.
http://publishing-pipeline.com/
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Open Data Publishing Pipeline
Digital Enterprise Research Institute
(ODPP) www.deri.ie
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European Data Forum 2013
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
April 9th/10th, Dublin
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