Energy Intelligence platforms can help organizations manage power consumption more efficiently by providing a functional view of the entire organization so that the energy consumption of business activities can be understood, changed, and reinvented to better support sustainable practices. Significant technical challenges exist in terms of information management, cross-domain data integration, leveraging real-time data, and assisting users to interpret the information to optimize energy usage. This paper presents an architectural approach to overcome these challenges using a Dataspace, Linked Data, and Complex Event Processing. The paper describes the fundamentals of the approach and demonstrates it within an Enterprise Energy Observatory. E. Curry, S. Hasan, and S. O’Riáin, “Enterprise Energy Management using a Linked Dataspace for Energy Intelligence,” in The Second IFIP Conference on Sustainable Internet and ICT for Sustainability (SustainIT 2012), 2012.

1. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enterprise Energy Management using a
Linked Dataspace for Energy Intelligence
Edward Curry, Souleiman Hasan, Sean O’Riain
The Second IFIP Conference on Sustainable Internet and ICT for Sustainability
(SustainIT 2012)
© Copyright 2011 Digital Enterprise Research Institute. All rights
reserved.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute
National University of Ireland, Galway
Enabling Networked Knowledge

2. Motivation
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
n 2010 MIT Sloan / IBM report on Analytics
¨ Embedding business insight into day-to-day
operations is critical to success
¨ Single greatest opportunity and challenge for
the data-driven enterprise
n 2010 survey of 600+ CIOs & IT Managers
¨ Paucity of sustainability information (i.e energy)
¨ Lost opportunity to leverage information to
improve sustainability
¨ Significant challenges ahead
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3. New Engineering Building at
NUI Galway
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Cost
-­‐
€
40,000,000
Enabling Networked Knowledge
3

4. Research Motivation
A Real-World Example
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Cost
-­‐
€
40,000,000
AirCon
8:30-­‐11:00
&
15:00-­‐16:00
Mon
to
Fri
CO2
levels
Occupancy
Pa@ern
Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
ASHRAE
08:00-­‐09:00
62.1-­‐2010
09:00-­‐10:00 237 237 200 237
10:00-­‐11:00 237 237 237 200
11:00-­‐12:00 237 180 180 145 237
12:00-­‐13:00 237 200 237 200 149
13:00-­‐14:00 145
14:00-­‐15:00 221 237 145 140
15:00-­‐16:00 221 120 160 140
16:00-­‐17:00 149 250 160
17:00-­‐18:00 200 160
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5. Energy Intelligence
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
n What is Energy Intelligence?
¨ Transforms raw data into meaningful energy
information
¨ Enables effective strategic, tactical, and operational
decision-making for energy mgmt.
¨ Provides energy consumption of business activities
so they can be understood and optimized
Enabling Networked Knowledge

6. Enterprise Energy Management
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Energy Intelligence platforms within an Enterprise will
need to support four key requirements
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7. Holistic Energy Consumption
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
FaciliIes
Data
Centre
Business
Travel
Office
IT
Daily
Commute
Holis&c
Energy
Management
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8. Multi-Level Energy Analysis
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
CIO
Strategic Analysis CEO
Example KPI:
• CIO needs high-level Energy used by
business function power global IT department
usage
• CSO real-time carbon Helpdesk
emissions CSO Example KPI:
PUE of the
Tactical Analysis Data Center in Dublin
• Manager needs energy
usage of business Maintenance Personnel
processes, business line or
Example KPI:
group kWhs used by
server 172.16.0.8
Operational Analysis
• Technician needs
equipment power usage Building
• Low-level monitoring
Sensors, events Data Center
Enabling Networked Knowledge
8 of XYZ

9. Business Context of
Energy Consumption
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Energy
Finance Resource
Allocation
Human
Asset Mgmt Resources
Enabling Networked Knowledge

10. Energy Situational
Awareness
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
n Help users to:
¨ Understand energy data
¨ Make appropriate energy saving decisions
¨ Support energy performance objectives and
other business performance objectives
– human resources (i.e. occupancy comfort)
– enterprise resource planning (i.e. room utilization).
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11. Proposed Approach
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
n Architecture for Energy Intelligence Platforms
¨ Dataspace for Information Management
¨ Linked Data for sharing Information
¨ Complex Event Processing for Interpreting Data
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12. What is a Dataspace?
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
n Emerging data management architecture
n Recognizes expense obtaining upfront
unifying schema across all sources
¨ Co-existence of data without unifying schema
¨ Loosely integrated set of data sources
n Data integrated on “as needed” basis
¨ Tighter integration achieved in an incremental
"pay-as-you-go" fashion
Franklin, A. Halevy, and D. Maier From databases to dataspaces: a new
abstraction for information management,” Sigmod Record, 34(4) 2005.
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13. DBMS vs Dataspace
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
DBMS Dataspace
Model Relational All
Formats Homogenous Heterogeneous
Control Complete Partial
Query Precise Approximate
Integration Explicit Implicit/
Incremental
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14. The Linked Open Data cloud
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
2008
2007 2008 2010
2009
2008 2009
2008
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14

15. Linked Open Data cloud
- domains
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
BestBuy
http://lod-cloud.net/ Overstock.com
Facebook
US government
UK government
Media
User-generated
Government Publications
BBC
New York Times
Cross-domain
Geo
Life sciences
LinkedGeoData
Over 300 open data sets with more than 35 billion facts,
interlinked by 500 million typed links.
Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch.
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16. Linked Data Principles
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
1. Use URIs to identify the “things” in your data
2. Use HTTP URIs so people (and machines) can
look them up on the Web
3. When a URI is looked up, return a
description of the thing in a structured
format (RDF)
4. Include links to related things to provide
context
http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
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17. Why Graphs and Ontologies?
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Cities:Dublin
Geo:hasLargestCity
84421km2
Wikipedia.org Geo:IslandOfIreland
Geo:hasCapital
Geo:area
Geo:locatedOn
EU:RepublicOfIreland
EU:RepublicOfIreland
Gov:hasDepartment
Gov:hasTaoiseach
Gov.ie Person:EndaKenny
IE:DepartmentOfFinance
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18. What is Linked Data?
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
18
Enabling Networked Knowledge

19. Linked Dataspace
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Dataspace + Linked Data = Linked Dataspace
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19

20. Linked dataspace for
Energy Intelligence
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Organisation-level
Business Process Personal-level
Linked
dataspace
for
Energy
Intelligence
Office IT Corporate
Building Logistics
Data Center
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21. Linked dataspace for
Digital Enterprise Research Institute
Energy Intelligence www.deri.ie
Energy Saving Applications
Applications
n
Decision Support Energy Analysis
Systems Model
Energy and
Sustainability Dashboards
Situation Awareness
Apps
n Energy Awareness
Complex Events
n Complex Event Processing
Services
Support
Entity Complex Event
Data Provenance Search &
Management Processing
Catalog Query Engine
Service
n Interlinked Cloud of Energy
Linked Data
Data
Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter
n Resource Description
Framework (RDF)
Sources
n Semantic Sensor Network
Ontology (SSN)
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22. Entity Graph in Cloud
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Linked Dataspace Corporate System
“Edward Curry” “DGSIT” Corporate
foaf:name
en:memberOf
Building
h:p://www.deri.ie/about/team/
member/edward_curry#me
Office IT
owl:sameAs owl:sameAs
h:p://www.deri.ie/about/team/ h:p://www.deri.ie/about/team/
member/edward_curry#me
member/edward_curry#me
rm:occupant
en:has_a
h:p://lab.linkeddata.deri.ie/
h:p://energy.deri.ie#macbook15698
2010/deri-­‐rooms#r202e
foaf:name
en:consumption
foaf:name
en:consumption
“MacBook Pro” 10kWh “202e” 50kWh
Office IT System Building Management System
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23. Energy Saving Applications
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enterprise Energy Smart Buildings Green Cloud
Observatory Computing
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Office IT Energy Mgmt. Personal Energy Mgmt.

24. DERI Energy Overview
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge

25. IT Energy
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
25

26. iEnergy – Personal
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge

27. Summary
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
n Energy Intelligence platforms have 4 key requirements:
¨ Holistic energy consumption
¨ Multi-level energy analysis
¨ Business context energy consumption
¨ Energy situational awareness
n Linked dataspace for Energy Intelligence (LEI)
¨ Supports requirements using Dataspaces, Linked Data,
Complex Event Processing for Situational Awareness
n Future work
¨ Investigate appropriate support services for linked dataspaces
using approximation techniques
¨ Interoperability of system services as RESTful services.
Enabling Networked Knowledge

28. Further Reading
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
E. Curry, S. Hasan, and S. O’Riáin, “Enterprise Energy Management
using a Linked Dataspace for Energy Intelligence,” in The Second IFIP
Conference on Sustainable Internet and ICT for Sustainability
(SustainIT 2012)
http://www.edwardcurry.org/publications/curry_SustainIT_2012.pdf
Enabling Networked Knowledge

29. Selected References
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Sustainability Use Cases
n Curry, E., et al . (2011). An Entity-Centric Approach To Green Information
Systems. 19th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2011).
n Curry, E., & Donnellan, B. (2012). Green and Sustainable Informatics. In,
Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices. John Wiley & Sons
n Curry, E. et al. An Environmental Chargeback for Data Center and Cloud
Computing Consumers, in First International Workshop on Energy-Efficient
Data Centers, 2012.
n Curry, E. et al, Building Optimisation using Scenario Modeling and Linked
Data, in 1st Workshop Linked Data in Architecture and Construction 2012
n Curry E. et al, Enterprise Energy Management using a Linked dataspace for
Energy Intelligence. In: The Second IFIP Conference on Sustainable Internet
and ICT for Sustainability (SustainIT) 2012.
Enabling Networked Knowledge

30. Selected References
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Information Management
n Hasan, S. et al. (2011). Toward Situation Awareness for the Semantic
Sensor Web: Complex Event Processing with Dynamic Linked Data
Enrichment. 4th International Workshop on Semantic Sensor Networks
n Hasan, S. et al, Approximate Semantic Matching of Heterogeneous Events,
in 6th ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems
n Curry E. (2012) System of Systems Information Interoperability using a
Linked Dataspace In: IEEE 7th International Conference on System of
Systems Engineering (SOSE 2012).
IT Management
n Curry, E. et al. Developing an Sustainable IT Capability: Lessons From
Intel’s Journey, MIS Quarterly Executive, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 61-74, 2012.
n Donnellan B. et al, (2011) A Capability Maturity Framework for Sustainable
Information and Communication Technology. IEEE IT Professional 13(1).
n Curry E, et al, (2012) A Maturity Model For Energy Efficiency in Mature Data
Centres, 1st International Conference on Smart Grids and Green IT Systems
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