This document describes an experiment that tested the effects of three treatments (T1, T2, T3) and a control (T4) on the average daily weight gain of steers. 20 steers were divided into 5 blocks based on initial weight and randomly assigned to treatments within each block. ANOVA and post hoc tests found that the treatments and blocks had significant effects on weight gain. Specifically, treatment T2 and block 3 produced the highest weight gains. The document then provides details on the experimental design, statistical analyses and results, and draws conclusions about the effects of the different treatments and blocks.

1. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
One-way ANOVA for
Randomized Complete Block Design (CRD)
Group 5
• Mohd. Saddam Bin Zainuddin UK28366
• Tengku Muriana Binti Tengku Azman UK28331
• Nor Atiqah Binti Lokman UK28376
• Siti Nur Adila Binti Hamzah UK28361
• Asmiza Binti Abdullah UK28373
• Nurfatanazirah Binti Saad UK28377
• Farah Nabila Binti Ali UK28380
• Siti Norhajar Binti Zakaria UK28316

2. Content List of Presentation
 1) The research Problem
 2) Treatments and Explanations
 3) Field Layout of Experimental Designs
 4) Step-by-step Procedures of Experimental Designs
 5) ANOVA Table
 6) Hypothesis Testing (Null Hypothesis)
 7) Conclusions of Hypothesis Testing
 8) Post Hoc Test (i.e. Tukey Test)
 9) Result & Discussion (Give some logical Reasons)
 10) Summary

3. Research Problem
 The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of three treatments
(T1; T2; T3) and control (T4) on average daily weight gain of steers (gram/day).
Steers were weighed and assigned to five blocks according to initial weight. In
each block there were four animals to which treatments were randomly assigned.
Therefore, a total of 20 steers were used. The RCBD experiment is using 5 blocks.
One of the measured parameter is on average daily weight gain of steers
(gram/day). Using P=0.01 and P=0.05 as the level of significance, the null
hypotheses are stating that the treatments and blocks have no different effects on
average daily gain of steers. The collected data are given as follow:
 Table 5. The average daily weight gain of steers due to treatments (gram/day)

4. Treatments and Explanations
 This experiment conducted to determine the effect of three treatment and
control on average daily weight gain of steers (gram/day).
 Initial weight of steer were weighed and assigned to five blocks, where for
each block consist four animals and totally, 20 steers were used.
 This research would compare the above treatment also with the same
type of steer to know which is the effective treatment used on average
daily weight gain of steers (gram/day).

5. Field Layout of Experimental Designs
Randomization: Treatment
Block T1 T2 T3 T4
1
2
3
4
5
T3
T2 T1
T4
T3
T2
T2
T1T4 T1
T3T4
T4 T3
T2T1
T3T2
T4T1
Block 1 Block 2 Block 3 Block 4 Block 5

6. Step-by-step Procedures of Experimental Designs
 Input data in SPSS
Variable
view

7.  Select menu
 Analyze- General Linear Model –
Univariate
Data
view

8. Click
“Model”
button

10. Click
“Post
Hoc”
button

11. Click
“Option
” button

12. Click “Ok”
button

13. OUTPUT

14. ANOVA Table

15. Hypothesis Testing (Null Hypothesis)
From the table is obtained sig of treatment and block.
Treatment : sig. = 0.000
Block : sig. = 0.024
significance level = 0.05

16. Hypothesis For Blocks
H0: All Blocks have the same effect
H1: All Blocks have the different effect
 If the significance obtained > 0.05 , H0 is received
 If the significance obtained < 0.05, H0 is rejected
For Blocks : sig = 0.024
That means: 0.024 < 0.05, so H0 is rejected, H1 is received.
In other word:
The Blocks have effect toward the steer’s weight gain. It is mentioned
that the Blocks effect is significantly different.

17. Hypothesis For Treatment
H0: All Treatments have the same effect
H1: All Treatments have the different effect
 If the significance obtained > 0.05 , H0 is received
 If the significance obtained < 0.05, H0 is rejected
For Treatments: sig = 0.000
That means: 0.000 < 0.05, so H0 is rejected ( H1 is received).
Let’s continue to sig = 0.01.
Because sig = 0.000 < 0.01 (H1 is received at level of 0.01)
In other word:
The treatments have effect toward the steer’s weight gain or there is
effects of feeds for gaining the weight of steers. It is mentioned that
the feeds are very significantly different.

18. Conclusions of Hypothesis Testing
 The gaining steer’s weight is caused by the blocks and
treatment. The different given feeds to the steers and different
blocks did influence the weight gain of steer’s.
 It can be concluded that different blocks and feeds to the
steers can affect the steer’s growth.

19. Post Hoc Test (i.e. Tukey Test)

21. Effects of blocks on weight gain of steers
Block N Means
3 4 753.50 A
4 4 796.00 Ab
2 4 801.75 Ab
5 4 848.50 B
1 4 850.00 C
Means bearing the same superscript
within the same column are not
significantly different at 5% level (p<0.05).

24. Treatment N Means
4 5 729.80 a
1 5 794.60 ab
3 5 806.00 b
2 5 909.40 c
Effects of treatments on weight gain of steers
Means bearing the same superscript
within the same column are not
significantly different at 5% level
(p<0.05).

25. Analysis for Post Hoc test for block
 From the Post Hoc table obtained, for sig values 0.032 (sig < 0.05), that
means block 1 and 3 have different effect. Block 1 and 3 are
significantly different, that means block 3 is more effective because
the weight gain of steer for block 3 is higher than block 1.
 There are sig= 0.355, 0.380, 0.457, 0.486, 0.572 and 1.000 (sig > 0.05).
That means between block 1,2,3,4 and 5 have the same weight gain
of steers. For example, block 1 and 4 have same sig= 0.355, block 1,2
and 3 sig = 0.380, block 3 and 4 sig = 0.457 , block 4 and 5 sig = 0.572,
block 2 and 5 sig = 0.572 and block 1,2,4 and 5 sig = 1.000. that
means, they have the same weight gain of steers.

26. Analysis for Post Hoc test for treatments
 From the Post Hoc table obtained, for sig values 0.003 (sig < 0.05), that
means treatment 1 and 2 have different effect. Treatment 1 and 2 are
significantly different, that means treatment 2 is more effective because
the weight gain of steer for treatment 2 is higher than treatment 1.
 From the Post Hoc table obtained, for sig values are 0.000 (sig < 0.01), that
means treatments 1 and 4 have the very different effect. However,
treatment 4 is more effective because the weight gain of steer for
treatment 4 is higher than treatment 2.
 There are sig=0.967 and 0.096 (sig > 0.05). That means treatment 1,3 and 4
have the same weight gain of steers. That means treatment 1 and 3, and
treatment 1 and 4 have the same weight gain of steers.
 Generally, all feeds are very significantly different each others, we
conclude that all treatments are able to increase the weight gain of cows.

27. Conclusion for Post Hoc test
 Generally, all treatments are very significantly different each others.
We can conclude that all treatments are able to increase the
weight gain of cows.
 Based on post hoc table, we can conclude that the more effective
block and treatment that give effect to the steers weight gain is
treatment 2 and block no 3.
 Treatment no 2 is most effective because Maybe the content
values of each treatment is very different between each other and
contain much more nutritional value.
 Whereas, for Block no 3 it is more suitable for steer lives because this
may due to proper feed choices, feed amounts, air temperature
and roaming means.

28. Result & Discussion (Give some logical Reasons)
 From the Post Hoc Test, for sig value is 0.32 and 1.00 (sig > 0.05), it means
three solutions have not the different impacts. T1-T3, T1-T4 and T3-T4 are not
significantly different.
 Solutions T1, T3 and T4 are less effective than T1. Their causes are that T2 has
better effective treatment used on average daily weight gain of steers
(gram/day) (909.40).
 There are sig = 0.32 (sig < 0.05). It means the two solutions are statistically
different (T1:794.60 gram,T3:806.00 gram and T4:729.80gram). Three
treatments have not the same ability level in increase the weight of steers.

29. Summary
 In summary, each treatment has its own function. For T1, the treatment contain a
highest nutrients supply for steers.
 The Best Treatment is T2 because T2 having the most suitable combination of
nutrient supply for growth of steers.
 T3 which is far for supply for steers that is not suitable and may cause lack of
nutrition action supply between them.
 Nutrition is important which can make the steers keep healthy for life on. Because
the growth of steers inhibited, the water weight of steers also effect by the day
daily.

30. THANK YOU