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Autism And Its Effects On Children
Autism is a disorder that affects millions of people with the number increasing with each passing
year. Compared to other development disorders, autism today is still widely undiscovered with
several holes. It is an important developmental disorder that everyone should understand because
most people either know someone personally with autism or have come in contact with an
individual who has autism. Knowing about how autism works can allow the world to help those
with autism and know how to interact with them.
With the prevalence of those diagnosed with Autism increasing every year, advances in research on
this disorder can have a profound effect on millions of people worldwide. Autism can be treated the
most effectively when caught early, therefore it is even more important that we all know the
symptoms of this developmental disorder, so it can be treated before the severity of the symptoms
increase. Still today, no known cause exist behind why Autism occurs, although research has shown
that various environmental factors may be to blame, genetic mutations have also been found. A big
lack of research on Autism has greatly hurt the life of those with Autism, with no findings on why it
occurs. With more research those with Autism, could have better social skills or a majority could
have jobs and live independently without any help what so ever. Likewise because of the lack of
research, no one single treatment exists that can completely cure Autism. Currently only specific
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Asperger's Syndrome Analysis
Aspergers syndrome is a disorder within the autism spectrum that impacts an
individuals ability to socialize and communicate normally with others. The disorder
was named for Hans Asperger, an Austrian psychologist in the 1940's. The disorder
was added into the DSM–IV in 1994, separated from Autism itself. However,
Aspergers was seen as a less severe form of Autism by professionals. As a result, the
disorder has been eliminated from the most recent version of the DSM (2013)
Symptom Picture– Asperger's syndrome comes with a wide range of symptoms, a
very prominent symptom often seen in children with Asperger's is fixation on a
specific object or activity (PubMedHealth) For example, a child can become fixated ... Show more
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Aspergers is generally diagnosed more in males than in females,
Etiology– The exact cause of Asperger's syndrome is unknown unfortunately.
However, there is a possibility that genetics can play a role in the cause of the
disorder. Studies have shown that in a set of identical twins, if one child has
Asperger's syndrome, the other twin will have it about 36–95% of the time. Non–
identical twins however, if one twin has Asperger's, the other is affected 0–31% of
the time. Environmental issues can also be a trigger for Asperger's syndrome,
especially in recent decades. Research has been found that some of these links
include infectious disease, stress, vaccines, exposure to metal toxicity, etc. There is
absolutely no evidence, however, that certain vaccines such as the measles vaccine,
has a direct cause to autism or autism spectrum disorders, despite many
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Children With Asperger 's Syndrome
It isn't easy to imagine seeing the world in an entirely different and "strange" way, but for people
with Asperger's syndrome, this concept is reality. AS is a high functioning form of autism that
affects many aspects of a person's life and how they view and understand the world. As a
developmental disorder, it disrupts a person's regular growth and maturing processes. (Allman)
People with AS think in a completely different way than those who are neurotypical; they have
difficulties understanding social situations, such as emotional cues and body language, which causes
them to be outcast from a society they don't much understand. Even so, these people can be very
intelligent individuals with academic gifts; though, things may come too naturally for them, and
cause them to get bored.
Asperger's syndrome (which may be referred to as Asperger syndrome, Asperger's disorder, or
simply AS) had its firsts definition in 1944 by Hans Asperger, a Viennese child psychologist. He
found in four boys a certain set of behaviorisms he described as "autistic psychopathy". These
behaviorisms included "a lack of empathy, little ability to form friendships, one–sided conversation,
intense absorption in a special interest, and clumsy movements." The kids were called "little
professors" by Asperger because of the way they can have such detailed conversations about
something they enjoy and how they have such extensive knowledge about the subject. People think
that the publication of Asperger's
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Autism Is A Neurological Development Disorder
Autism is a neurological development disorder that affects one in eighty–eight people. In the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition(DSM–IV) there were five
types of autism. They were all listed under what is called Autism Spectrum Disorder. People on the
spectrum range from dysfunctional to functional. The most functional form is called, Asperger 's
Syndrome. People with Asperger 's Syndrome have above average intelligence; the people on the
other end of the spectrum tend to have average or below average intelligence. There are many
symptoms of Asperger 's Syndrome, but not all of the symptoms meet the other symptoms of the
different types of autism. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–V) has
taken Asperger 's Syndrome and three other diagnosed mental disorders and put them all into the
autism spectrum disorder eliminating Asperger 's Syndrome as a diagnosed mental illness, but in
fact these disabilities should be different because the symptoms of these disorders affect the human
body in different ways. Autism is currently one of the most studied mental disorders on the planet,
but very little is known about the disorder. This includes Asperger 's Syndrome. Hans Asperger, who
discovered Asperger 's Syndrome, writes "Autism in this sense refers to a fundamental disturbance
of contact that is manifest in an extreme form in schizophrenic patients"(Asperger 38). This means
an autistic person meets the
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Transition In Special Education
Introduction The number of children being diagnosed with autism is increasing. A 2014 study by the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring
Network found that in the United States 1 out of 68 children have autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
That represents a 30% increase in the incidence of autism spectrum disorder from 2012 when 1 out
of 80 children were diagnosed with the disorder. Boys are five times more likely to affected by
autism spectrum disorder than girls, 1 in 42 boys are affected by the disorder. Autism spectrum
disorder is seen in all races and affects all socioeconomic levels. As the number of children
diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder or (ASD) increases and the number of students in public
schools with autism increases, it becomes increasingly more important to examine transitions
services for this population. This is particularly true for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The IDEA of 1997 and the reauthorization of the IDEA in 2004 mandated a planning for a child with
a disability who is receiving special education to receive transition services that help that child
transition from school to life after to school in the community. Transition or transition services in
schools are designed to meet this mandate. Therefore, transition services refer to specific. Planned
activities delivered in the special education setting designed to facilitate a student with a disablity's
transition from high school to the community. It should be a "results–oriented process, that is
focused on improving the academic and functional achievement of the child with a disability to
facilitate the child's movement from school to post–school activities, including post–secondary
education, vocational education, integrated employment (including supported employment,
continuing and adult education, adult services, independent living, or community
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Write An Essay On The Causes Of Autism
Autism and its Disorders Autism, it is not a disease and not something contagious, but to me autism
is disability that needs to be noticed. It is something that affects millions of people. By knowing the
signs and facts about autism it can help the people that have not been diagnosed. If we can get all
autistics diagnosed that would change education and health care.
Being able to identify autism or related disorders can be difficult, but not impossible. Some key
things to look for is: social awkwardness, avoided eye contact, being non–verbal or they could have
difficulty having fun. These are not always seen in people, other disorders such as Asperger's
syndrome, can be hard to see because the person tends to act like a "normal" person. One of the
most commonly seen behaviors is having trouble learning or excelling greatly at learning in addition
autism is seen to be five times more prominent in boys than girls. So not everyone that has autism is
"stupid" or "weird."
The way learning and being social is so hard makes life in general to be very challenging to an
autistic. But this does nothing to stop some amazing people that have changed the world. Temple
Grandin is one of the most ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The biggest and most radical idea is that the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination (MMR)
causes autism or related disorders. The reason why this suspicion is so popular is due to the matter
of when the signs of autism are shown. When you are baby, symptoms can be tough to see, until the
baby develops into a toddler you most likely will not have noticed any delays. The MMR vaccine is
usually distributed at the peak of autism's symptoms. So if a child has the disorder and autism does
not become visible until after the shot then suspicions may arise. But a woman did everything
organic for her baby and the child developed autism. The MMR vaccine has nothing to do with
autism in her
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Notes On Autism Spectrum Disorder
Lydia Chludil
Personal Special Education Teaching Philosophy Paper
TE 434: Introduction to Autism Spectrum Disorder
David Rose
4/15/2016
What are the historical theories, who are the major contributors, and what are the relevant federal
laws underlying the field of ASD? The historical theories that are in the field of ASD all originated
with Leo Kanner. His work was started in 1943 where he identified "autism" using common
descriptions. The descriptions lead to a certain criterion that was then used to identify those with
ASD. The criteria included, but is not limited to, rare communication behaviors, as well as restricted
and repetitive patterns of behaviors. Kanner worked to portray autism instead of define it. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The federal laws underlying the field of ASD are the Individuals with Disabilities Act 2004 and
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act; both were created to protect the rights of individual with
disabilities. Individual Disabilities Act is focused on the implementation of educational needs and
services to students up to 21 years of age. It also entitles every student to a free public education.
Section 504 provides a free public education and each student receives services in the same manner
as those who do not have a disability. Both of these federal laws were created to contribute to the
education and development of every individual that would need an IEP.
How do these theories interact with the dynamic development of the ASD definitions over time?
According to dictionary.com "Autism spectrum disorder is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder
that impairs a child 's ability to communicate and interact with others. It also includes restricted
repetitive behaviors, interests and activities. These issues cause significant impairment in social,
occupational and other areas of functioning." When ASD is googled, there are many possible
definitions as a result, and not a single one is 100% comprehensive. There have been various
theories to the development and definitions of ASD. These theories are dynamic to the development
of the definition of ASD over time because the theories began targeting simple behaviors and
labelling
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Essay On Asperger Syndrome
Hans Asperger and Stereotypes of Autism
Hans Asperger, was an Austrian pediatrician that observe autistic–like behaviors and social and
communication challenges of children that hade normal intelligence as well as normal language
development, in the 1940's. Asperger syndrome is a type of Pervasive Developmental Disorder
(PDD). PDD involve delays in the development of skills, mostly around social, communication, and
imagination and abstract thinking skills. Many experts argue that Asperger syndrome is a milder
form of autism, as called today High functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder (HFASD).
Asperger's work consisted on a historic review of specific Autism case studies that even though
were a great basis for the upcoming research in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This special ability was defined by Asperger as savantism. Even if savantism exists within an
individual case of autism, the majority does not possess savantism (Draaisma, 2009). The stereotype
of savantism is far from reality, and led to unrealistic expectations from autistic individuals that are
not gifted. Adding to that stereotype, is the concept that a person with the disorder also possess a
"robotic" features, and lack of feelings, which is not a true representation of the majority of such
individuals (Draaisma, 2009).
Lack of social skills have led to a different stereotype on autism. It represent authenticity and lack of
phoniness. According to this view, this authenticity is a value of autistic individuals who are able to
teach others valuable lessons. It leads to the view that autism is not a disorder.According to this
view, even typical individuals may be considered autistic, and in some extent, perhaps even the
entire population can be considered to be autistic. This stereotype contributes to the distortion of the
autism concept. (Draaisma,
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Autism-Asperger's Compare/Contrast
In this paper I will be discussing the difference between Asperger's Syndrome and Autism. There are
six different kinds of Autism but in this paper I am going to talk about two of them. Asperger's
Syndrome is a form of Autism, but they have their differences and similarities. Asperger's affects
different areas then Autism. In my people i will discuss what those areas are. Even though these
children have these disorders they can be intelligent in their own way, and in different areas.
Autism is usually diagnosed before a child reaches kindergarten. Autism is confusing and attacks
little kids for no apparent reason. (Allman 8) Autism is life altering and a challenge for everybody
involved. Children who have Autism can break out in a tantrum ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Asperger's Syndrome often has few facial expressions and have difficulty reading the body language
of others; they might engage in obsessive routines and display an unusual sensitivity to sensory
stimuli (for example, they may be bothered by a light that no one else notices; they may cover their
ears to block out sounds in the environment; or they might prefer to wear clothing made only of a
certain material) (Weiss 32–35).
Children with Asperger's Syndrome are capable of functioning in everyday life, but tend to be
somewhat socially immature, relate better to adults than peers, and may be seen by others as odd or
eccentric. Children with Autism don't have the exact same symptoms. Some people may have
autism that is mild, while others may have autism that is more severe. Two people with the same
spectrum disorder may not act alike or have the same skills. Although Autism and Asperger's
Syndrome are both on the Autism Spectrum Disorder, they both have similarities and differences.
Asperger's affects different areas then Autism, even though children who have these disorders they
both can function, they just function differently out in public.
Work Cited
Allman, Toney. (C. 2010). Autism. Washington, DC. Library of Congress.
Weiss, Mary Jane. (C. 2007) Practical Solutions for Educating Young Children with High–
Functioning Autism and Asperger's
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Language Struggle With Communication In Children
ASD Individuals with ASD having varying degrees of language capabilities but all seem to struggle
with communication, social aspects of language and knowing when to use specific social
mannerisms. Only a very small percentage of individuals with ASD are fully non–verbal which
could be attributed to treatment availability and the fact that high–functioning cases are easier to
detect than they used to be. Language delay is often one of the first symptoms that parents notice in
children with ASD. Research indicates that children who experience language problems before age 3
have a high probability of developing ASD and for those whose language deficiencies continue past
age 5, they will often experience deficits in attention and social ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Another factor which affects the outcome of language skills within this population is pragmatic
comprehension. Pragmatics describes how language is used to communicate within a social setting.
Pragmatic abilities describe the way an individual is able to take on the viewpoint of other people,
stay focused on a conversation and respond appropriately, communicate appropriate emotions
through body and facial language and effectively use social concepts such as humor, metaphors and
sarcasm (Kelley, 2011). Understanding pragmatics takes an individual's language abilities to the
next level and will help to them to develop more meaningful connections with people. As mentioned
earlier, pragmatic problems are the least successful component of language therapy in ASD and
these impairments often endure past all other language difficulties. Due to the importance of
pragmatics in the prognosis of children with ASD, I think that future research should strongly focus
on developing ways to improve these skills. It is not enough to simply treat the structural and
grammatical aspects of this language profile. Future research should focus on developing ways to
teach children how to understand the perspectives of others. This type of intervention should also
begin early in the children's lives but should continue into adolescence. A child's understand of the
world changes with every year and I think if pragmatic education were able to adapt and be
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Autism In Adults
Here are 10 symptoms of Autism in Adults!
Symptoms of autism in adults is seldom found because of symptoms usually appear in children.
Symptoms of autism in adults differ from one person to another.
Autism is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by a decrease in social
interaction and communication. People with autism have limited behavior (not varied) and
repetitive.
There are some common problems that are often seen in people with autism, such as seizure
disorders, digestive problems, mental retardation, and other diseases.
Autism Symptoms in Adults
Symptoms of autism in adults are generally characterized by social and communication skills
problems.
Here are some symptoms that may appear:
1. Language Barriers
Adults with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's hard for them to start and continue the conversation. People with autism often do not understand
facial expressions, body language, non–verbal cues, and intonation of others. Joke or satire is often
not understood by them.
This causes a lot of people are frustrated and avoid communicating with people with autism.
Adults with autism may speak in a high–pitched or flat intonation.
4. Time Management Issues
One of the problems that arise in people with autism is that they are not aware of the time.
Often the patient preoccupation with the work they do. There are some autistic adults who spend
hours arranging their bookshelves.
5. Lack of Ability to Control Emotions
Adults with autism do not have control over their emotions. Sometimes they themselves were
surprised by the emotions they display. This makes other people feel the difficulty of dealing with
people with autism. Adults with autism may have a tendency to run amok or tantrums like a child.
6. Sensitivity
Most people with autism hyper or hyposensitive to light, noise, and crowds. Some cases of autism
also showed hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity at different times to the same conditions.
7. Motor
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Research Paper On Asperger's Disorder
Abstract
This work is built around a topic that is sum interest to me due to the incidence of cases within the
different social fields. It 's a syndrome whose classification is relatively new and as such requires a
comprehensive approach for a better management of the condition. Asperger 's disorder owes its
name to Hans Asperger who was the first to discover a group of children with traits very particular,
mainly characterized by the absence of empathy, reduced ability to social relations, solitary
conversations, a deep attachment to a special interest, and clumsy movements. However the person
who presents it has no alterations in the appearance, in its capacity of intelligence and often displays
skills in restricted areas. This disorder ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, this disorder remained forgotten until 1992 when Dr. Lorna Wing, a psychiatrist of the
United Kingdom begun to investigate on it, until then, it was called "Autistic psychopathy". Despite
all this, Asperger disorder was officially recognized for the first time in the diagnostic Statistical
Manual of mental disorders, until the publication of the Fourth Edition in 1994, (DSM–IV).
Asperger 's disorder is generally considered a form of autism, and is nowadays described as a
disorder within the pervasive developmental disorders, judging as the more moderate part and with
highest level of functioning of autistic spectrum disorders.
The person who presents looks normal, normal intelligence capacity, often skilled in restricted areas,
but has troubles relating to others and sometimes presents inappropriate behaviors. As well as other
conditions recorded in the spectrum, it is believed that Asperger 's disorder is a developmental
disorder with neurological basis, in most of the cases is unknown where comes from. There are
deviations or abnormalities in three main aspects of development:
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Influence Of The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The...
The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night–Time is a mystery work of fiction by a British writer
Mark Haddon, who was born on the 26th of September in Northampton, England in 1962, where he
was brought up by an architect. Mark Haddon was educated at Uppingham School he then went on
to his English Literature major at Oxford, Merton College. After completing his studies, he went to
Scotland where he spent his time working with MENCAP which was an organisation that helped
disabled people, this experience of looking after individuals who were diagnosed with autism and
various sclerosis soon influenced him with his fictional writing. Having an interest in mental and
physical health issues it encouraged Mark Haddon to start seeing the commonalities ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of the characteristics of those who have autism consist of repetitive thinking and compulsive
attention in things like symbols, languages and numbers. The cause of autism is not yet known as of
now, however, many people consider it a genetic disorder which takes place at birth. Christopher
Boone has one specific form of autism known as Asperger's syndrome, his disorder is reflected
through his fascination with mathematics, detail, astronomy and colours; his thoughts on routine and
violent hatred to interaction, even though it is not specified in the book. In 1943 Leo Kanner a
psychiatrist published a paper surrounded around the research of 11 young patients that fit into a
fine variety of diagnostic principles that he measured out to be autistic. During Kanner's career he
has seen fewer than 150 cases that go with the description he came up with of the syndrome, he
theorised that autism was very unsupported and rare. Autism turned out to be a foundation of
embarrassment and several of those who were diagnosed were certified; in the 1970s everything
started to change (Kennedy Krieger Institute and the Simons Foundation, n.d.). Hans Asperger and
Leo Kanner both used the word autism, in the 1940s when they were doing
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Historical Context. Recently, Society Is Showing Concern
Historical Context Recently, society is showing concern for the rise in people having Autism and the
economic costs to society. However, history shows Asperger has been known as a disorder since
1944. Autism and Asperger are not new disabilities and many people are still undiagnosed. After
over 70 years, how to diagnose, treat, and understand these disabilities are still being researched.
DSM–5 addressed the possible confusion of diagnosing these disorders, increased costs, and high
numbers of people diagnosed with Autism by changing the criteria to a spectrum and removing
Asperger's disorder.
Hans Asperger In 1944, Hans Asperger, Viennese pediatrician observed four child patients as having
a personality disorder struggling with similar ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These include Autistic Disorder, Asperger's Disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not
Otherwise Specified (PDD–NOS)" (Autism Research Institute, 2017, para. 2). Asperger's Disorder
(299.80 DSM–IV) criteria were as follows: The essential features of Asperger's Disorder are severe
and sustained impairment in social interaction and the development of restricted, repetitive patterns
of behavior, interest, and activity. The disturbance must clinically show significant impairment in
social, occupational, and other important areas of functioning. In contrast to Autistic Disorder, there
are no clinically significant delays in language. In addition, there are no clinically significant delays
in cognitive development or in the development of age– appropriate self–help skills, adaptive
behavior, and curiosity about the environment in childhood (Autism Society, 2016, para. 9).
According to Tsai (2013), "more than 3,300 cases with AspD and more than 3,700 cases with
HFA/AD were identified from 1994 to 2012 serves as a strong testimony of the ability to diagnose
individuals with AspD by many well trained clinicians and researchers based on DSM–IV (para.
24). The DSM publication profits millions yearly and has a lot of power, such as identifying
Asperger's disorder leading to a new identity for Aspies. There is speculation that DSM decided to
revise autism disorder/Asperger's disorder to a
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What Is Asperger's Syndrome?
Asperger's syndrome Asperger syndrome is an uncommon condition, but probably more common
than classic autism. Misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of this disorder is a serious problem, and the
average age at diagnosis is several years later than for autism (Gillberg, 1989). Obviously, this can
be traumatic for individuals and families; furthermore, the most effective intervention programmes
begin early, and establishing management strategies at an early age can minimise later behavioural
problems (Howlin, 1998). In 1944 According to Hans Asperger he described a condition termed
autistic psychopathy, characterised by problems in social integration and non–verbal communication
associated with idiosyncratic verbal communication and an egocentric preoccupation ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Patients with this condition had difficulties with empathy and intuition and had a tendency to
intellectualization. They were also clumsy (50–90% had motor coordination problems), found it
hard to take part in team sports and exhibited behavioural difficulties including aggression and being
victims of bullying. Asperger did not provide diagnostic criteria for this condition and it remained
obscure until a review article by Lorna Wing in 1981[1]. Asperger syndrome often remains
undiagnosed until a child or adult begins to have serious difficulties in school, the workplace or their
personal lives. Indeed, many adults with Asperger syndrome receive their diagnosis when seeking
help for related issues such as anxiety or depression. Diagnosis tends to center primarily on
difficulties with social interactions. Children with Asperger syndrome tend to show typical or even
exceptional language development. However, many tend to
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Language Struggle With Communication In Children
ASD Individuals with ASD having varying degrees of language capabilities but all seem to struggle
with communication, social aspects of language and knowing when to use specific social
mannerisms. Only a very small percentage of individuals with ASD are fully non–verbal which
could be attributed to treatment availability and the fact that high–functioning cases are easier to
detect than they used to be. Language delay is often one of the first symptoms that parents notice in
children with ASD. Research indicates that children who experience language problems before age 3
have a high probability of developing ASD and for those whose language deficiencies continue past
age 5, they will often experience deficits in attention and social ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Another factor which affects the outcome of language skills within this population is pragmatic
comprehension. Pragmatics describes how language is used to communicate within a social setting.
Pragmatic abilities describe the way an individual is able to take on the viewpoint of other people,
stay focused on a conversation and respond appropriately, communicate appropriate emotions
through body and facial language and effectively use social concepts such as humor, metaphors and
sarcasm (Kelley, 2011). Understanding pragmatics takes an individual's language abilities to the
next level and will help to them to develop more meaningful connections with people. As mentioned
earlier, pragmatic problems are the least successful component of language therapy in ASD and
these impairments often endure past all other language difficulties. Due to the importance of
pragmatics in the prognosis of children with ASD, I think that future research should strongly focus
on developing ways to improve these skills. It is not enough to simply treat the structural and
grammatical aspects of this language profile. Future research should focus on developing ways to
teach children how to understand the perspectives of others. This type of intervention should also
begin early in the children's lives but should continue into adolescence. A child's understand of the
world changes with every year and I think if pragmatic education were able to adapt and be
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Aspergers: Defining the Syndrome
Aspergers: Defining the Syndrome
What makes you different? Is it your clothes, your personality or your hobbies? Do these things set
you apart from everybody else or do they help you fit in? Would you change these things if you
could. What if you couldn't change it because it was part of your DNA? Its something you can never
change and it will be with you the rest of your life. One of these things is Aspergers. The symptoms,
causes,diagnosis and their daily lives set them apart from everybody else.
Aspergers syndrome is a type of pervasive development disorder or PDD. PDD's are a group of
conditions that involve delays in the development of many basic skills such as; the ability to
socialize with others, to communicate and using their imagination( Aspergers). It was discovered by
Hans Asperger who was a viennese physician who recognizes this disorder in the 1940's. It became
universally recognized as a developmental disorder in the United States( Quinn 32–33).
At this point of time no one knows the cause of Aspergers Syndrome. However it tends to run in
families which suggests that it might be inherited(Aspergers). When looking at the brain there are
definite differences in aspergers patient's genetic make–up. They have a different "Blueprint" of
their brain which maps different circuits. There are many genes and many different chromosomes
that are involved. However some scientists think that environmental influences could be a factor
because of the smaller
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Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Chapter Analysis
Chapter 1 focuses on autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs) and other Autistic
Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Described in 1943 by Dr. Leo Kanner, autism (also known as autistic
disorder, childhood autism, or infantile disorder) is one of the PDDs along with Rett's disorder,
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) referred to as Heller's syndrome, Asperger disorder, and
Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD–NOS). Rett's is a rare genetic
abnormality affecting brain development in girls. There are treatments available, but there is no
known cure. Asperger disorder affects an individual's ability to socialize and communicate
effectively. Individuals with Asperger disorder may be socially awkward and have a compulsive ...
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While there are many theories there is no single cause of autism. One theory assumes multiple
factors interacting in complex ways (i.e. genes, environment and brain) can cause autism. Genetics
play a role but do not explain the full picture or the recent increase in reported cases. According to
Volkmar and Weisner (2009), "Identical twins have identical genes, while fraternal twins share only
some genes. The implication of this finding was that there was potentially a very strong genetic
contribution in autism. A number of studies have shown that this is the case. " (p. 26). There are
medical conditions associated with autism which include, phenylketonuria, congenital rubella,
tuberous sclerosis, and Fragile X. The strongest associations are with Fragile X, a genetic condition
causing intellectual disability and tuberous sclerosis, a genetic disorder that causes tumors to form in
many different organs, primarily in the brain, eyes, heart. There is no strong evidence that
environmental etologies cause autism. Some researchers assume that environmental toxins can
increase the rate of autism, but evidence proposed for environmental factors is based on a case by
case report which is difficult to interpret (Volkmar & Weisner,
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Life of a Child with Asperger's Syndrome
While children with Asperger's Syndrome have an average to above average intelligence and normal
cognitive abilities, they unfortunately suffer with impaired social skills. An effective treatment
program will have to be tailored to fit the specific child's Asperger's in order for the child to be
successful in managing his or her own behaviors. This form of treatment is run by a psychologist,
counselor, speech pathologist, or social worker, these therapies are invaluable ways to build social
skills and the ability to read verbal and non–verbal cues that is often lacking in those with
Asperger's. (WebMD, 2013) Without the implementation of the appropriate treatment needed for the
lack of social skills as a child, these deficits will continue into adulthood and affect societal and
professional performance. According to Szatmari, Bartolucci & Bremner (1989), "Adults with ASD
are much more likely than the general population to be unemployed or underemployed and much
less likely to have satisfying social relationships" (Szatmari, Bartolucci & Bremner, 1989, Para. 3).
The results of this study may have had something to do with the lack of treatment in children with
Asperger's. Even though there is not a cure for this syndrome, understanding the multiple treatment
options can reduce the stigma and inaccurate labeling of children with ASD.
Labels can negatively impact a person with ASD, and the lack of knowledge and experience with
ASD have caused stigmatization. Until
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High School 's Peer Mentorship Program
Weston High School's peer mentorship program provides a constructive relationship for students
with intellectual challenges that helps them navigate through the obstacles of high school. The main
focus of a mentor is to help make the mentee comfortable in an environment that is exceptionally
stressful for them. In the school setting, people with Autism, specifically Asperger 's Syndrome,
experience a multitude of issues because they might have a sensory overload and struggle to socially
interact with their peers. As a mentor, you need to stay with your mentee throughout the school day
and help guide them through any problems that arise, while also attempting to prevent any tantrums.
The main goal of your relationship with your mentee is to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
There are many ways to successfully aid them in making it through the class period, including
providing the mentee with consistency by supplying them with a schedule that outlines the structure
of the class. People with Autism or Asperger Syndrome crave consistency, structure, and
predictability and if these elements are not present, they will mentally breakdown. Likewise, there is
an underlying routine for every class period, even though a new subject is constantly taught by the
teachers. As a mentor, it would be beneficial to create a schedule for the mentee, so, therefore, the
structure and order that they crave is evident in the classroom environment. For this reason, the
student might begin to feel comfortable, which would allow them to have a greater capability to
focus on the specific tasks. In addition, another way to help the mentee in the classroom setting is to
break down the information that was taught or attempt to present it to them in a different manner, if
they do not understand it. Students with Autism or Asperger Syndrome sometimes struggle to
understand the lesson as they cannot process the way the teacher has expressed it to the class. It then
might be harder for them to complete an assigned task about that topic and by breaking it down,
they will be able to complete more work. Also, there are many advantages to presenting the
information to them in a different manner, including
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Hans Asperger And Stereotypes Of Autism
1.2 Hans Asperger and Stereotypes of Autism
In the 1940's, Hans Asperger, an Austrian pediatrician, observed children with autistic–like
behaviors and social and communication challenges. These kids had normal intelligence as well as
normal language development. Asperger syndrome is a type of pervasive developmental disorder
(PDD). PDDs involve delays in the development of skills, mostly around social, communication,
imagination, and abstract thinking skills. Many experts argue that Asperger syndrome is a milder
form of autism, referred to today as high–functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD).
Asperger's work consisted of a historical review of specific Autism case studies that were not
representative of the entire spectrum even though they were a great basis for the upcoming research
in the field (Draaisma, 2009).
Unlike Asperger believed, it is not true that only males have the disorder. Yet, most of Asperger's
observations on autism are still relevant to the way autism is perceived today (Draaisma, 2009).
Most of the knowledge about autism among the general public is drawn from the representations of
autism in the media, such as novels, TV series, movies, or autobiographies. This is usually a
representation of an individual with autism who also has special abilities or talents. Unfortunately,
these examples of gifted individuals are not representative of the majority of this population and
have led to some misconceptions about the disorder.
Asperger
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Introductory Paragraph
Introductory Paragraph (Topic sentence)
First paragraph (Topic sentence)
Asperger syndrome falls in the category of autism, which is a disability that affects the humans view
of the modern world. It is hard to tell if people have Asperger syndrome, which means that you can't
tell if someone has the condition from their appearance. Asperger syndrome is mostly a 'hidden
disability'. This means that you can't tell that someone has the condition from their outward
appearance. While there are similarities with autism, people with Asperger syndrome have fewer
problems with speaking and are often of average, or above average, intelligence. They do not
usually have the accompanying learning disabilities associated with autism, but they may have
specific learning difficulties. (Rewrite)
Second paragraph (Topic sentence)
Christopher John Francis Boone knows all the countries of the world and their capitals and every
prime number up to 7,057. He relates well to animals but has no understanding of human emotions.
He cannot stand to be touched. Although gifted with a superbly logical brain, Christopher is autistic.
Everyday interactions and admonishments have little meaning for him. Routine, order, and
predictability ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means that Christopher expresses himself in a simple and straightforward way and cannot
understand commonly accepted modes of signaling. For instance, he says 'I find people confusing.
This is for two main reasons. The first main reason is that people do a lot of talking without using
any words...The second main reason is that people often talk using metaphors.' Christopher does not
accept the typical 'signals' that people use to communicate, for instance 'raising an eyebrow' which
Siobhan explains to him 'can mean 'I want to do sex with you' and it can also mean 'I think that what
you just said was very
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Autism Prevalence, Research And The Historical Viewpoint
Autism Prevalence, Research and the Historical Viewpoint
Historically, from the published accounts of autism, it has been a male orientated disorder
(Thompson et al., 2003; Werling and Gerschwind, 2013). It first came to light in the early 1940s and
during this period Doctor Leo Kanner introduced the idea of "early infantile autism" (Kanner, 1943),
this previously unreported model of behaviour was characterised by significant impairment in the
areas of social interaction and communication, and extreme resistance to change and lack of
adaptability (Wing and Potter, 2002). Following on from this, in 1944 Hans Asperger, a child
psychologist and pediatrician, described a similar syndrome, but with milder functional
impairments, he labelled ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Until relatively recently is has been widely accepted boys were four times more likely to be
diagnosed with ASD than girls (Whiteley, et al., 2010). This idea is supported by an evaluation of
forty three studies into pervasive development disorders conducted by Fombonne (2003), the study
was longitudinal in nature and spanned a forty year period, the median ratio of males to females
with ASD found was 4:1 Nevertheless, more recently, current studies which incorporate females
within their samples, suggest the male–female ratio may be closer to 2:1 (Frazier et al., 2014; Idring
et al., 2014; Halladay et al., 2014). Indicating results from previous research may possess an
intrinsic bias in terms of gender, as historically the majority of enquiries have not included females
within their sample (Thompson et al., 2003; Van Wijngaarden–Cremers et al., 2013).
Alongside the overarching male dominance in diagnosis, there is a greater disparity in the male–
female differential for high functioning autism and Aspergers, than for individuals with a comorbid
intellectual disability (Fombonne, 1999; Fombonne et al., 2011). The higher prevalence of autism in
males at the high functioning end, compared to those with intellectual disability, led to researchers
to
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Dear John
Your Dad Loves You, I Can Tell, Even If You Can't Jael Zimmerman Westmoreland County
Community College Abstract Dear John by Nicholas Sparks uses two main characters, John's father
and Tim's brother Alan, to express the symptoms and complications of the psychological disorder
Asperger Syndrome. This disorder is considered a form of autism. People with this disorder will be
passionate about one or more topics, but will struggle with daily tasks. The novel provides an
extended metaphor through John's father through his obsessive interest in his coin collection, and is
difficulty in forming a relationship and communicating with his son as he attempts to raise him on
his own. Evidence from his routine schedule and his trouble in controlling ... Show more content on
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She has started a program for children with autism, and owns a farm where she encourages them to
ride horses, and help them have fun and to aid with their illness. John sells his dad's entire coin
collection to help find a cure for Tim's illness (Sparks, 2006). The story ends with the saying that
when you really love someone, you think about their happiness, more than your own. The novel
presents characters that represent the symptoms and complications of Autism and Asperger
Syndrome. Behavior is dysfunctional, when it interferes with a person's ability to function on a daily
basis (Davis&Palladino, 2007). Some of the more common characteristics of Asperger
Syndrome include difficulty in communication, problems expressing feelings, devotion to routine,
and obsessive interests in one or more topics (Jaffe, 2010). John's father, Mr. Tyree conveys
indication of the psychological disorder in his behavior throughout the entire novel. Even though
Mr. Tyree has raised John on his own, during the novel, there is not much communication between
the two. As a teenager and even as a adolescence, when John was home his father would greet him
the same way every morning simply saying good morning. They would eat breakfast and dinner in
silence. When he tried to discuss Savannah in a conversation, he didn't know what to say. The fact
that John could never talk to his
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Essay on Life with Asperger’s
Asperger's syndrome is a developmental syndrome. It is said that every 2 out of 10,000 children are
affected by this disorder. Asperger's is mostly diagnosed in young children. Parents usually
recognize symptoms of this disorder in their kids around the time they turn 3 years old. Asperger's is
sometimes considered a form of autism. I find this syndrome to be very intriguing. I'm going to
enlighten you with more information about Asperger's and a few real life cases of it. The symptoms
of Asperger's are some of the following. They usually are socially and emotionally inappropriate.
They lack the ability of being able to interact with other individuals successfully. They have a
peculiar use of language and speech. They sometimes speak in ... Show more content on
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Another trait he observed in the four children was that they had a certain interest that they were
obsessed with in a sense and it dominated their conversations with other people. He called the
condition "autistic psychopathy" he said it was a personality disorder that's main symptom was
social isolation. Asperger's wasn't widely known until 1981. Children with Asperger's (AS) will get a
huge amount of information about whatever their favorite subject is. These people who have AS
aren't able to always control the volume of their voice based on the environment surrounding them,
e.g., libraries, movie theaters, etc. Also, a wide selection of children with AS are very active as
young kids. But then as a young adult they begin to be depressed or anxious. Asperger's syndrome is
a genetic disorder. It usually runs in families, and is passed down generation to generation. The
research they are conducting suggests that abnormalities of the brain are the cause of Asperger's
syndrome. They think the abnormalities of the brain happen because of an idiosyncratic movement
of embryonic cells during the fetal development. They haven't found the gene specifically for
Asperger's disease yet. They're beginning to think that there may be a common group of genes that
are responsible for making Asperger's occur. It's complicated for doctors to diagnose this disorder.
They don't have a standard way of diagnosing Asperger's. Some ways of diagnosing it have different
criteria, and therefore
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Leo Kanner Research Paper
Leo Kanner was a renowned child psychiatrist and helped create the first children's psychiatric unit
at Johns Hopkins. I do not believe he knew what he was creating when he coined the term
"refrigerator mother." As the "Father of Child Psychiatry", he attempted to right his wrongs by
writing In Defense of Mothers. Kanner claimed that autism was a disorder that only affected
individuals during infancy, which left adolescents and adults with the same symptoms to be
overlooked. Kanner was eventually proven wrong, because autism was proven to affect individuals
throughout their lives (Baron–Cohen.)
Bruno Bettelheim supported Kanner's term of "refrigerator mother" that children got autism from
being rejected by their mother and father. He was a firm believer in nurture over nature. He was
constantly criticized and his credentials were questioned. I myself wonder if he was misleading
where his credentials were concerned on accident, or if he ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The concept believed in nurture over nature, but most of the mothers I read about in the case studies
loved their child dearly and was extremely involved in their child's life. As a mother, I know what it
is like to feel the need to move mountains for one's child. If I had a child displaying Kanner's
described symptoms of autism, I would do what the mothers in the movie did; I would do everything
within my power to get my child the best help possible. If turned down by possible sources of help, I
would do what one of the refrigerator mothers did; I would keep pushing and searching until I found
someone that would help my child. I would not take no for an answer. I would trust the specialists,
even if it meant for my child to spend lengthy times away from me. I would not like it, but I would
so whatever was necessary. I would even take the blame, if it called for it. My child would take top
priority, and I would not allow anything to come in the way of my child's well
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Autism In John Steinbeck's Of Mice And Men
Why I believe Lennie's disability is Autism.
When dealing with a mental disability, whether it be taking care of, diagnosing, or simply knowing
how to act and react to the disabled; it can be very nerve racking wondering if what you're doing is
respectful, helpful, and correct. There are hundreds of different symptoms that may or may not
present themselves in hundreds of mental disabilities and a thousand more combinations of those.
Knowing just what handicap you're dealing with is normally just a shot in the dark and the hope that
you got it right on the first try. My shot in the dark for Lennie is Autism.
While I read through the book Of Mice and Men, I knew from the very beginning that something
was wrong with one of the two main characters. Several times throughout the book Lennie proves
that his mental capacity is just not up to par with his age, one of the first indicators being imitation.
'He pushed himself back, drew up his knees, embraced them, looked over to George to see whether
he had it just ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It has recently been known that, other than affecting just the human connection, interaction, and
communication areas of the brain; Autism seems to have a certain effect on all areas of the brain
including memory. 'Lennie looked startled and then in embarrassment, hid his face against his knees.
"I forgot again".'(Steinbeck, pg.6) George repeatedly reminds Lennie to not speak once they get to
their new job, why they had to leave their last job and later on, to absolutely not speak to Curley's
wife. All of which had significant reason to remember, and which all lennie had forgotten. Why
Lennie has such an interest and ability to remember the rabbits is unknown, but it may be able to be
contributed to another Autism trait dealing with obsessions and
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The Benefits Of An Early Asperger 's Diagnosis
Unshackled: The Benefits of an Early Asperger's Diagnosis We all have labels. Hundreds of them,
maybe thousands. We are labeled from the day we are born until the day we die. White, black,
smart, dumb, successful, worthless, popular, weird, attractive, ugly, Jewish, Muslim, Aspergian.
These are just a few of the millions and millions of labels we affix to each other every day. Some
labels are subjective. One man's lunatic could be another man's visionary. However, there are many
labels that are permanent and inescapable. A white newborn will be white for their entire life. They
cannot do anything to change their race. They will carry a "white" label to the grave. An Aspergian
newborn will be Aspergian for their entire life. They cannot do anything to change their neurological
makeup. They will carry an "Aspergian" label to the grave. It really is not up to us whether or not we
will have a specific label. However, what we can choose is whether we will wear our labels with
pride or wear our labels with shame. There are those of us who choose to pretend our inherent labels
don't exist. Living in denial is not living at all. The sooner one accepts the labels they can't change,
the better. If an individual has Asperger's, pretending it 's not there won't make it go away. An early
Asperger's diagnosis is crucial, for it can lead to treatment and acceptance. "So is there a cure?' I
asked. 'It 's not a disease', he explained. 'It doesn 't need curing. It 's just how you
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Asperger’s Disorder Essay examples
Amazingly, one percent of new births will have some type of autism (Autism Society of America,
2010). Asperger's disorder is one type of Autism, and is at the high end of these disorders. This
"disorder, which is also called Asperger's syndrome (AS) or autistic psychopathy, belongs to a group
of childhood disorders known as pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) or autistic spectrum
disorders"(Exkorn, 2006). A characteristic of this disorder is harsh and strict disruption of a certain
type of brain development. The most affected areas of Asperger's disorder is difficulty in social
understanding and in behavior or activities that are limited or recurring (Frey, 2003). Students with
Asperser's have different levels of seriousness, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He gave an example of how John improved with help. When a teacher would notify John that it is
time to change classes, he would get aggravated and would want to finish the model he had begun.
The teacher talked to him, explaining that in five minutes they will have to leave, and they can come
back at lunch if all the other work is completed. John agrees. This technique settled him down. The
rest of the day he did his best so he could get back to building his model (Glover, 2010).
Asperger's disorder (AD) is a disruption in the formation of the child's physical and or psychological
development and recognizing these, the disorder was separated from Autism in 1944, to provide a
basis for each child to get the proper care. All children with Asperger Disorder will show some traits
in these three categories; impaired social skills, trouble communicating with others and a pattern of
behavior, interest, and activities' will be limited and recurring; they become obsessed with a single
theme. Usually the child will have the normal communication skills in the beginning years. They
will be using single words by age one. They just will not be using them in the normal way. When
doctors are testing for this disorder, they are looking for specific behaviors or skills that are either
present or absent. If the right services are available, Asperser's children will show significant
improvement in language
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Autism Spectrum Disorder And Autism Essay
Autism and Asperger's are two syndromes that are now looked as being part of the 'Autism
Spectrum Disorder'. Asperger's is on the high functioning end while Autism is on the low
functioning end. Before the 'autism spectrum' was created, in nineteen forty–three and nineteen
forty–four, a psychiatrist named Leo Kanner and German scientist named Hans Asperger discovered
Autism and Asperger's. Their research included looking at cases of children who were different and
had qualities of aloneness, obsessiveness, and trouble with social interactions. Leo Kanner and Hans
Asperger helped others understand children who were different and helped us today as we used their
research to further the identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Leo Kanner was born in Austria
in 1894 but he went to school in Berlin. He came to the United States in nineteen twenty four where
he received a position as an assistant doctor at a hospital in South Dakota. In 1930, he moved to
Johns Hopkins hospital, where he founded the first child psychiatry clinic in the country. He then
wrote his first book in 1935 called Child Psychiatry that defined his definition of child psychiatry
and what he found in his research. In 1938 he started his research on eleven children and started to
write his next article and first described the syndrome of infantile autism ("LETTER TO THE
EDITOR Asperger (1906–1980) and Kanner (1894–1981), the Two Pioneers of Autism") Leo
Kanner wrote the article "Autistic Disturbances of
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Asperger's Theory Of Infantile Autism
The term Autism was first used in 1908 as a divisional term for people with schizophrenia who were
particularly withdrawn & self–absorbed. In 1943 an American child psychiatrist named Leo Kanner,
M.D., published a paper which described 11 children who were highly intelligent, however they
displayed "a powerful desire for aloneness", whilst also "an obsessive insistence on persistent
sameness". "Early infantile autism" was the name he later labelled the condition. Asperger's
Syndrome was first highlighted in 1944 by a German scientist named Hans Asperger. He described a
"milder" form of autism. In his research the cases he reported were all boys & they were very
intelligent, however they had very specific obsessive interests & had trouble with social interactions.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He stated that Autism was as a result of mothers not loving their children enough. This was
disproved & in 1977 there was research conducted on sets of twins that found that Autism was
largely caused by genetics & biological differences in the development of the brain. In 1980, Autism
was officially disconnected from childhood schizophrenia, which was a big step & "Infantile Autism
for the first time. Even further research was carried out, & in 1987, the term Infantile Autism was
replaced by a more extensive definition of "Autism Disorder," & it also included a checklist of
criteria for diagnoses. A psychologist from UCLA named Ivar Lovaas, Ph.D. also published the first
study showing how intensive behaviour therapy could help children with Autism in 1987, & this
gave individuals & their families hope for their
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Asperger's Syndrome Case Studies
1. Rosie has an Asperger's syndrome, and based on a DSM 5 criteria, she has difficult time with
socializing with other (Autism Speaks Canada, 2015). Also, she has a difficult time expressing her
nonverbal and verbal body languages (Autism Speaks Canada, 2015). Rosie has a difficulty with
making an eye contact when talking with someone (Autism Speaks Canada, 2015). Rosie struggles
in mood swing from happy at the moment and becomes angry at another situation. She also has a
well organizing skills and maintaining the exact pattern. Meaning that she do not like when her own
belongings were rearranged by anyone. As far as, her social skills demonstrated by Rosie, I think
she is fantastic. Even if people with Asperger's syndrome experiences in difficulties with socializing
and maintaining relationship, Rosie was self–driven and motivated individual who had positive
attitude on everything she did at best. To describe Rosie's brother (Lenny), he is 9 year old who has
classic autism. Lenny has demonstrated, poor communication skills with others and he has showed
repetitive behavior.
2. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Rosie's family, there are a lots of autistic spectrum disorder within her family. Rosie has
Asperger's syndrome and her brother (Lenny) has a classic autism. Rosie's sister who is
experiencing with Kabuki syndrome. To further describe aspect about kabuki syndrome is that, it is
a syndrome that is affecting her physical growth and other form of appearances (Genetic Homes
Referenc, 2015). For example, individual with Kabuki syndrome has a characteristic of; short
stature, unique facial feature, arched eyebrow, long eyelid and large earlobe. (Genetic Homes
Referenc, 2015). Other characteristic of individual with kabuki syndrome would be that they are
really shy and don't talk in front of others very
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Autism In Adults
Here are 10 symptoms of Autism in Adults!
Symptoms of autism in adults is seldom found because of symptoms usually appear in children.
Symptoms of autism in adults differ from one person to another.
Autism is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by a decrease in social
interaction and communication. People with autism have limited behavior (not varied) and
repetitive.
There are some common problems that are often seen in people with autism, such as seizure
disorders, digestive problems, mental retardation, and other diseases.
Autism Symptoms in Adults
Symptoms of autism in adults are generally characterized by social and communication skills
problems.
Here are some symptoms that may appear:
1. Language Barriers
Adults with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's hard for them to start and continue the conversation. People with autism often do not understand
facial expressions, body language, non–verbal cues, and intonation of others. Joke or satire is often
not understood by them.
This causes a lot of people are frustrated and avoid communicating with people with autism.
Adults with autism may speak in a high–pitched or flat intonation.
4. Time Management Issues
One of the problems that arise in people with autism is that they are not aware of the time.
Often the patient preoccupation with the work they do. There are some autistic adults who spend
hours arranging their bookshelves.
5. Lack of Ability to Control Emotions
Adults with autism do not have control over their emotions. Sometimes they themselves were
surprised by the emotions they display. This makes other people feel the difficulty of dealing with
people with autism. Adults with autism may have a tendency to run amok or tantrums like a child.
6. Sensitivity
Most people with autism hyper or hyposensitive to light, noise, and crowds. Some cases of autism
also showed hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity at different times to the same conditions.
7. Motor
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John Elder Robison's Look Me In The Eye
In his book, Look Me in the Eye, author John Elder Robison offers a satisfying and thought–
provoking memoir of a man growing up conflicted with Asperger's syndrome. Asperger's, as we
have come to understand it, is an autism spectrum disorder distinguished by a pattern of indicators
including qualitative deficiency in social interaction, by stereotyped and controlled patterns of
behavior, activities and interests, and by no significant clinical delay in intellectual development or
language. According to Robison, Asperger's is not a disease that requires a cure, but rather one that
requires understanding on behalf of others. Robison seeks to change the perception of readers and
encourage understanding through a detailed overview of his life, ... Show more content on
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The author is successful in describing to the reader the bewildered feelings a child suffering with
Asperger's faces in their failed attempts at interaction, which is not something I fully understood
previously. Robison recounts his relationships with other children as a young boy, and how his
means of communication did not translate to lasting friendships. Because of his social deficiencies,
John could not respond properly to the demands of his peers and failed to engage them. This
inevitably led to isolation and feelings of devaluation. It was only when John relied on logical
reasoning that he realized that his behaviors did not align with those of his peers, and so he made
adjustments. Robison had to consciously remember to answer with logical responses, adjust his
facial expressions to portray an appropriate response, and understand the emotional reactions of his
peers. Most people are able to formulate these responses automatically, but as I came to understand
through reading the book, people with Asperger's have to make conscious adjustments in order to
compensate for their communication deficiencies. Failure to comply with societal norms for social
responses inevitably results in labels of "deviant" and "psychopath", as Robison
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The Pros And Cons Of Hans Asperger And Leo Kanner
Many people who don't know what autism is would think that it's a new issue in modern society, but
it has become far more predominant today compared to previous years. The term autism comes from
the Greek word "autos", meaning "self". The word autism was first used in 1908 by a swiss
psychiatrist named Eugene Bleuler. He used it to describe a schizophrenic patient who had
withdrawn into his own world. However, the innovators into autism research were Hans Asperger
and Leo Kanner. While they were not working together, they were both doing studies during the
1940s. Leo Kanner, an American child psychiatrist, started by studying the behaviors of 11 children.
What he discovered in their behaviors are both pros and cons. The pros are that they had good
intellectual potential and can recollect things relatively well. Nevertheless, the cons are difficulty in
socializing, adapting to change, repeating words, just to name a few. Kanner referred to their
condition as Kanner's syndrome, which was later named Early Infantile Autism. Similarly, Hans
Asperger also studied a group of children that mimicked Kanner's descriptions. One thing that's
different from Asperger's research compared to Kanner's research is that the children he observed
did not have echolalia as a linguistic problem because they spoke like young adults. Additionally,
Hans did mention that the children he evaluated were clumsy and had difficulty with fine motor
skills. Hans Asperger described the milder form of autism
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Ego Prohibits Self-Awareness In Annie Baker's Body Awareness
Ego prohibits self–awareness. In the world today many people are nervous of not fitting in with
society so they create a big ego to hide behind their flaws. This kind of growth is evident in Annie
Baker's first play "Body Awareness" by one of the main characters, Jared. Jared is a twenty–one year
old, slightly autistic boy who still lives with his gay parents, Joyce and Phyllis. Joyce and Phyllis
have been telling Jared he has Aspergers ever since he was five years old. Throughout the play Jared
shows many signs of Aspergers, but he will not admit it to himself or allow his parents accusations
to be correct. Though Jared is conscious of these signs, he is constantly coming up with excuses in
order to seem perfect for he believes this will make his parents happy. In the dramatic comedy Body
Awareness written by Annie Baker, the author displays that self–confidence prevents one's self
consciousness. Ego can prohibit the idea of one's true–self. All Joyce, Jared's mother wants is for
Jared to be like any normal kid, but he is not. This upsets her, and she constantly tries to bring up the
fact that he may have Asperger's and proceeds to explain why. Jared and Joyce, are having a
civilized conversation while cooking dinner when Joyce brings up a psychologist and Jared
immediately begins to get angry and yells, "I can tell you with 100 percent certainty that I don't have
it... I AM NOT FUCKING RETARDED" (Baker 12). Jared's anger towards Asperger's and his
mother comes out, and he
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Who Is Extremely Loud And Incredibly Close
The film "Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close" written by Eric Roth is centered around the events
that happened on 9/11. The film follows a young boy named Oskar, who lost his beloved father in
the attacks. He finds a key in his father's closet and ventures out into the city to find who it belongs
to. During this adventure Oskar attempts to find closure and shows his true emotions. The title
"Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close" is used to represent how close Oskar was to finding the
owner of the key, Oskar's relationship with his father, as well as Oskar's emotional state during the
film.
"Incredibly close" is used to describe how close Oskar was to finding what the key he found in his
father's closet belong to. Soon after Oskar finds the key he is in a way forced by his Asperger's
syndrome to find who or what the key belongs to because he cannot handle anything not having an
answer. The envelope he found the key in had the name Black written on it, so Oskar made it his
mission to find every person with the last name Black in New York and go visit them to inquire
about key. The first place Oskar ended up going was to the house of Abby Black, who similar to him
was going through a tough time. He asked her about the key, but she said it was not hers and did not
know what it belonged to. He talks to her in order to comfort her and as he is doing this William
Black walks by. This is not significant at the time but it is later learned that the key does indeed
belong to William
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Asperger Syndrome Research Paper
Why I am Interested in Asperger Syndrome I am highly interested in Asperger Syndrome because a
person very close to me was diagnosed with this condition. I know of several people who have it, as
well. On social media a few years back, a transgender man with Asperger's had a meltdown and was
comforted by a dog. Recently that man was shot and killed by a police officer after the poor man got
out of control. I would like to know more about how this disease affects people.
What I am Hoping to Find Throughout my research of Asperger Syndrome, I hope to learn what the
disease actually is. I want to know how a person is both mentally and physically affected when they
have the condition. I would also like to know what aspects specialists use to diagnose a person with
Aspergers. I'd like to learn about coping mechanisms and treatment methods. I also hope to ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Why or why not?
Yes and no. Yes, because of the intense struggle and trauma that he has experienced. But at the same
time no because it was an eye opener for me and I think it made me a better person by learning and
coping with him, & I think the same goes for him." On the 21st of February 2016 at 5:30 p.m. I
spoke with Sammie Rogers.
"What does it mean to you to be diagnosed with Asperger's Syndrome? I asked.
"It was explained to me that I have Asperger Syndrome. I think it has a lot to do with how I
communicate with other people. It's harder for me to understand what people mean sometimes and I
get bullied a lot because of this. I think that everyone has a little bit of a difficulty understanding
other people because they are so confusing. Sammie stated.
Do you think you would be a different person if you didn't have it?
I honestly can't imagine being different than I am now. I've just gotten used to how people treat me
and I've been trying to study how people act and what it means and that helped some.
Would you change if
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
Asperger Syndrome : A Disorder On The Autism Spectrum
Ashley Knowles
Dr. Chaviano
ESE 309
Spring 2015
Asperger Syndrome Asperger syndrome, also known as, Asperger disorder is a disorder on the
autism spectrum. Asperger syndrome is on the mild, or "high–functioning," end. Many affected with
Asperger's learn to adjust and become very intelligent and live successful lives. In 1944, an
Australian pediatrician named Hans Asperger observed four children who had difficulty integrating
socially. The children lacked nonverbal communication skills, failed to demonstrate empathy with
their peers, and were physically awkward. Their speech was either disjointed or overly formal and
their obsessing interest in a specific topic dominated their conversations. Dr. Asperger called the
condition "autistic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It appears likely that a combination of genetic variations and environmental factors influence the
development of this complex condition.
Asperger syndrome is a disorder of brain development. The differences in brain development that
occur in Asperger syndrome appear to affect areas of the brain involved in thought, behavior, and
emotions, such as prefrontal cortex, the amygdala, and the fusiform face area. People with
Asperger's have average or above–average intelligence. These people do not have a language delay
as others do on parts of the autism spectrum. Their ability to carry on a conversation is often
impaired by a tendency to take sarcasm or humorous statements literally. Body language is also
often misunderstood as to what others may be feeling to the person with Asperger's.
These individuals may speak in a monotone voice, have unusual mannerisms, or choose unusual
topics of conversation. Individuals with Asperger syndrome tend to develop an intense interest in a
particular subject. The interest may be a traditional hobby or on an academic level. Often they are
able to remember a large amount of details on their subject of interest. People with Asperger's may
have difficulty tolerating sensory stimuli such as noise or lights. Other features may include mild
impairment of motor skills. Basic skills such as crawling or walking may be somewhat delayed.
This physical clumsiness may lead to further social isolations.
Signs and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

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Autism And Its Effects On Children

  • 1. Autism And Its Effects On Children Autism is a disorder that affects millions of people with the number increasing with each passing year. Compared to other development disorders, autism today is still widely undiscovered with several holes. It is an important developmental disorder that everyone should understand because most people either know someone personally with autism or have come in contact with an individual who has autism. Knowing about how autism works can allow the world to help those with autism and know how to interact with them. With the prevalence of those diagnosed with Autism increasing every year, advances in research on this disorder can have a profound effect on millions of people worldwide. Autism can be treated the most effectively when caught early, therefore it is even more important that we all know the symptoms of this developmental disorder, so it can be treated before the severity of the symptoms increase. Still today, no known cause exist behind why Autism occurs, although research has shown that various environmental factors may be to blame, genetic mutations have also been found. A big lack of research on Autism has greatly hurt the life of those with Autism, with no findings on why it occurs. With more research those with Autism, could have better social skills or a majority could have jobs and live independently without any help what so ever. Likewise because of the lack of research, no one single treatment exists that can completely cure Autism. Currently only specific ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2.
  • 3. Asperger's Syndrome Analysis Aspergers syndrome is a disorder within the autism spectrum that impacts an individuals ability to socialize and communicate normally with others. The disorder was named for Hans Asperger, an Austrian psychologist in the 1940's. The disorder was added into the DSM–IV in 1994, separated from Autism itself. However, Aspergers was seen as a less severe form of Autism by professionals. As a result, the disorder has been eliminated from the most recent version of the DSM (2013) Symptom Picture– Asperger's syndrome comes with a wide range of symptoms, a very prominent symptom often seen in children with Asperger's is fixation on a specific object or activity (PubMedHealth) For example, a child can become fixated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Aspergers is generally diagnosed more in males than in females, Etiology– The exact cause of Asperger's syndrome is unknown unfortunately. However, there is a possibility that genetics can play a role in the cause of the disorder. Studies have shown that in a set of identical twins, if one child has Asperger's syndrome, the other twin will have it about 36–95% of the time. Non– identical twins however, if one twin has Asperger's, the other is affected 0–31% of the time. Environmental issues can also be a trigger for Asperger's syndrome, especially in recent decades. Research has been found that some of these links include infectious disease, stress, vaccines, exposure to metal toxicity, etc. There is
  • 4. absolutely no evidence, however, that certain vaccines such as the measles vaccine, has a direct cause to autism or autism spectrum disorders, despite many ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 5.
  • 6. Children With Asperger 's Syndrome It isn't easy to imagine seeing the world in an entirely different and "strange" way, but for people with Asperger's syndrome, this concept is reality. AS is a high functioning form of autism that affects many aspects of a person's life and how they view and understand the world. As a developmental disorder, it disrupts a person's regular growth and maturing processes. (Allman) People with AS think in a completely different way than those who are neurotypical; they have difficulties understanding social situations, such as emotional cues and body language, which causes them to be outcast from a society they don't much understand. Even so, these people can be very intelligent individuals with academic gifts; though, things may come too naturally for them, and cause them to get bored. Asperger's syndrome (which may be referred to as Asperger syndrome, Asperger's disorder, or simply AS) had its firsts definition in 1944 by Hans Asperger, a Viennese child psychologist. He found in four boys a certain set of behaviorisms he described as "autistic psychopathy". These behaviorisms included "a lack of empathy, little ability to form friendships, one–sided conversation, intense absorption in a special interest, and clumsy movements." The kids were called "little professors" by Asperger because of the way they can have such detailed conversations about something they enjoy and how they have such extensive knowledge about the subject. People think that the publication of Asperger's ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 7.
  • 8. Autism Is A Neurological Development Disorder Autism is a neurological development disorder that affects one in eighty–eight people. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition(DSM–IV) there were five types of autism. They were all listed under what is called Autism Spectrum Disorder. People on the spectrum range from dysfunctional to functional. The most functional form is called, Asperger 's Syndrome. People with Asperger 's Syndrome have above average intelligence; the people on the other end of the spectrum tend to have average or below average intelligence. There are many symptoms of Asperger 's Syndrome, but not all of the symptoms meet the other symptoms of the different types of autism. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–V) has taken Asperger 's Syndrome and three other diagnosed mental disorders and put them all into the autism spectrum disorder eliminating Asperger 's Syndrome as a diagnosed mental illness, but in fact these disabilities should be different because the symptoms of these disorders affect the human body in different ways. Autism is currently one of the most studied mental disorders on the planet, but very little is known about the disorder. This includes Asperger 's Syndrome. Hans Asperger, who discovered Asperger 's Syndrome, writes "Autism in this sense refers to a fundamental disturbance of contact that is manifest in an extreme form in schizophrenic patients"(Asperger 38). This means an autistic person meets the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 9.
  • 10. Transition In Special Education Introduction The number of children being diagnosed with autism is increasing. A 2014 study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network found that in the United States 1 out of 68 children have autism spectrum disorder (ASD). That represents a 30% increase in the incidence of autism spectrum disorder from 2012 when 1 out of 80 children were diagnosed with the disorder. Boys are five times more likely to affected by autism spectrum disorder than girls, 1 in 42 boys are affected by the disorder. Autism spectrum disorder is seen in all races and affects all socioeconomic levels. As the number of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder or (ASD) increases and the number of students in public schools with autism increases, it becomes increasingly more important to examine transitions services for this population. This is particularly true for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The IDEA of 1997 and the reauthorization of the IDEA in 2004 mandated a planning for a child with a disability who is receiving special education to receive transition services that help that child transition from school to life after to school in the community. Transition or transition services in schools are designed to meet this mandate. Therefore, transition services refer to specific. Planned activities delivered in the special education setting designed to facilitate a student with a disablity's transition from high school to the community. It should be a "results–oriented process, that is focused on improving the academic and functional achievement of the child with a disability to facilitate the child's movement from school to post–school activities, including post–secondary education, vocational education, integrated employment (including supported employment, continuing and adult education, adult services, independent living, or community ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 11.
  • 12. Write An Essay On The Causes Of Autism Autism and its Disorders Autism, it is not a disease and not something contagious, but to me autism is disability that needs to be noticed. It is something that affects millions of people. By knowing the signs and facts about autism it can help the people that have not been diagnosed. If we can get all autistics diagnosed that would change education and health care. Being able to identify autism or related disorders can be difficult, but not impossible. Some key things to look for is: social awkwardness, avoided eye contact, being non–verbal or they could have difficulty having fun. These are not always seen in people, other disorders such as Asperger's syndrome, can be hard to see because the person tends to act like a "normal" person. One of the most commonly seen behaviors is having trouble learning or excelling greatly at learning in addition autism is seen to be five times more prominent in boys than girls. So not everyone that has autism is "stupid" or "weird." The way learning and being social is so hard makes life in general to be very challenging to an autistic. But this does nothing to stop some amazing people that have changed the world. Temple Grandin is one of the most ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The biggest and most radical idea is that the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination (MMR) causes autism or related disorders. The reason why this suspicion is so popular is due to the matter of when the signs of autism are shown. When you are baby, symptoms can be tough to see, until the baby develops into a toddler you most likely will not have noticed any delays. The MMR vaccine is usually distributed at the peak of autism's symptoms. So if a child has the disorder and autism does not become visible until after the shot then suspicions may arise. But a woman did everything organic for her baby and the child developed autism. The MMR vaccine has nothing to do with autism in her ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 13.
  • 14. Notes On Autism Spectrum Disorder Lydia Chludil Personal Special Education Teaching Philosophy Paper TE 434: Introduction to Autism Spectrum Disorder David Rose 4/15/2016 What are the historical theories, who are the major contributors, and what are the relevant federal laws underlying the field of ASD? The historical theories that are in the field of ASD all originated with Leo Kanner. His work was started in 1943 where he identified "autism" using common descriptions. The descriptions lead to a certain criterion that was then used to identify those with ASD. The criteria included, but is not limited to, rare communication behaviors, as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors. Kanner worked to portray autism instead of define it. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The federal laws underlying the field of ASD are the Individuals with Disabilities Act 2004 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act; both were created to protect the rights of individual with disabilities. Individual Disabilities Act is focused on the implementation of educational needs and services to students up to 21 years of age. It also entitles every student to a free public education. Section 504 provides a free public education and each student receives services in the same manner as those who do not have a disability. Both of these federal laws were created to contribute to the education and development of every individual that would need an IEP. How do these theories interact with the dynamic development of the ASD definitions over time? According to dictionary.com "Autism spectrum disorder is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder that impairs a child 's ability to communicate and interact with others. It also includes restricted repetitive behaviors, interests and activities. These issues cause significant impairment in social, occupational and other areas of functioning." When ASD is googled, there are many possible definitions as a result, and not a single one is 100% comprehensive. There have been various theories to the development and definitions of ASD. These theories are dynamic to the development of the definition of ASD over time because the theories began targeting simple behaviors and labelling ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 15.
  • 16. Essay On Asperger Syndrome Hans Asperger and Stereotypes of Autism Hans Asperger, was an Austrian pediatrician that observe autistic–like behaviors and social and communication challenges of children that hade normal intelligence as well as normal language development, in the 1940's. Asperger syndrome is a type of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD). PDD involve delays in the development of skills, mostly around social, communication, and imagination and abstract thinking skills. Many experts argue that Asperger syndrome is a milder form of autism, as called today High functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder (HFASD). Asperger's work consisted on a historic review of specific Autism case studies that even though were a great basis for the upcoming research in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... This special ability was defined by Asperger as savantism. Even if savantism exists within an individual case of autism, the majority does not possess savantism (Draaisma, 2009). The stereotype of savantism is far from reality, and led to unrealistic expectations from autistic individuals that are not gifted. Adding to that stereotype, is the concept that a person with the disorder also possess a "robotic" features, and lack of feelings, which is not a true representation of the majority of such individuals (Draaisma, 2009). Lack of social skills have led to a different stereotype on autism. It represent authenticity and lack of phoniness. According to this view, this authenticity is a value of autistic individuals who are able to teach others valuable lessons. It leads to the view that autism is not a disorder.According to this view, even typical individuals may be considered autistic, and in some extent, perhaps even the entire population can be considered to be autistic. This stereotype contributes to the distortion of the autism concept. (Draaisma, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 17.
  • 18. Autism-Asperger's Compare/Contrast In this paper I will be discussing the difference between Asperger's Syndrome and Autism. There are six different kinds of Autism but in this paper I am going to talk about two of them. Asperger's Syndrome is a form of Autism, but they have their differences and similarities. Asperger's affects different areas then Autism. In my people i will discuss what those areas are. Even though these children have these disorders they can be intelligent in their own way, and in different areas. Autism is usually diagnosed before a child reaches kindergarten. Autism is confusing and attacks little kids for no apparent reason. (Allman 8) Autism is life altering and a challenge for everybody involved. Children who have Autism can break out in a tantrum ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Asperger's Syndrome often has few facial expressions and have difficulty reading the body language of others; they might engage in obsessive routines and display an unusual sensitivity to sensory stimuli (for example, they may be bothered by a light that no one else notices; they may cover their ears to block out sounds in the environment; or they might prefer to wear clothing made only of a certain material) (Weiss 32–35). Children with Asperger's Syndrome are capable of functioning in everyday life, but tend to be somewhat socially immature, relate better to adults than peers, and may be seen by others as odd or eccentric. Children with Autism don't have the exact same symptoms. Some people may have autism that is mild, while others may have autism that is more severe. Two people with the same spectrum disorder may not act alike or have the same skills. Although Autism and Asperger's Syndrome are both on the Autism Spectrum Disorder, they both have similarities and differences. Asperger's affects different areas then Autism, even though children who have these disorders they both can function, they just function differently out in public. Work Cited Allman, Toney. (C. 2010). Autism. Washington, DC. Library of Congress. Weiss, Mary Jane. (C. 2007) Practical Solutions for Educating Young Children with High– Functioning Autism and Asperger's ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 19.
  • 20. Language Struggle With Communication In Children ASD Individuals with ASD having varying degrees of language capabilities but all seem to struggle with communication, social aspects of language and knowing when to use specific social mannerisms. Only a very small percentage of individuals with ASD are fully non–verbal which could be attributed to treatment availability and the fact that high–functioning cases are easier to detect than they used to be. Language delay is often one of the first symptoms that parents notice in children with ASD. Research indicates that children who experience language problems before age 3 have a high probability of developing ASD and for those whose language deficiencies continue past age 5, they will often experience deficits in attention and social ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Another factor which affects the outcome of language skills within this population is pragmatic comprehension. Pragmatics describes how language is used to communicate within a social setting. Pragmatic abilities describe the way an individual is able to take on the viewpoint of other people, stay focused on a conversation and respond appropriately, communicate appropriate emotions through body and facial language and effectively use social concepts such as humor, metaphors and sarcasm (Kelley, 2011). Understanding pragmatics takes an individual's language abilities to the next level and will help to them to develop more meaningful connections with people. As mentioned earlier, pragmatic problems are the least successful component of language therapy in ASD and these impairments often endure past all other language difficulties. Due to the importance of pragmatics in the prognosis of children with ASD, I think that future research should strongly focus on developing ways to improve these skills. It is not enough to simply treat the structural and grammatical aspects of this language profile. Future research should focus on developing ways to teach children how to understand the perspectives of others. This type of intervention should also begin early in the children's lives but should continue into adolescence. A child's understand of the world changes with every year and I think if pragmatic education were able to adapt and be ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 21.
  • 22. Autism In Adults Here are 10 symptoms of Autism in Adults! Symptoms of autism in adults is seldom found because of symptoms usually appear in children. Symptoms of autism in adults differ from one person to another. Autism is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by a decrease in social interaction and communication. People with autism have limited behavior (not varied) and repetitive. There are some common problems that are often seen in people with autism, such as seizure disorders, digestive problems, mental retardation, and other diseases. Autism Symptoms in Adults Symptoms of autism in adults are generally characterized by social and communication skills problems. Here are some symptoms that may appear: 1. Language Barriers Adults with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It's hard for them to start and continue the conversation. People with autism often do not understand facial expressions, body language, non–verbal cues, and intonation of others. Joke or satire is often not understood by them. This causes a lot of people are frustrated and avoid communicating with people with autism. Adults with autism may speak in a high–pitched or flat intonation. 4. Time Management Issues One of the problems that arise in people with autism is that they are not aware of the time. Often the patient preoccupation with the work they do. There are some autistic adults who spend hours arranging their bookshelves. 5. Lack of Ability to Control Emotions Adults with autism do not have control over their emotions. Sometimes they themselves were surprised by the emotions they display. This makes other people feel the difficulty of dealing with people with autism. Adults with autism may have a tendency to run amok or tantrums like a child. 6. Sensitivity Most people with autism hyper or hyposensitive to light, noise, and crowds. Some cases of autism also showed hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity at different times to the same conditions. 7. Motor ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 23.
  • 24. Research Paper On Asperger's Disorder Abstract This work is built around a topic that is sum interest to me due to the incidence of cases within the different social fields. It 's a syndrome whose classification is relatively new and as such requires a comprehensive approach for a better management of the condition. Asperger 's disorder owes its name to Hans Asperger who was the first to discover a group of children with traits very particular, mainly characterized by the absence of empathy, reduced ability to social relations, solitary conversations, a deep attachment to a special interest, and clumsy movements. However the person who presents it has no alterations in the appearance, in its capacity of intelligence and often displays skills in restricted areas. This disorder ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... However, this disorder remained forgotten until 1992 when Dr. Lorna Wing, a psychiatrist of the United Kingdom begun to investigate on it, until then, it was called "Autistic psychopathy". Despite all this, Asperger disorder was officially recognized for the first time in the diagnostic Statistical Manual of mental disorders, until the publication of the Fourth Edition in 1994, (DSM–IV). Asperger 's disorder is generally considered a form of autism, and is nowadays described as a disorder within the pervasive developmental disorders, judging as the more moderate part and with highest level of functioning of autistic spectrum disorders. The person who presents looks normal, normal intelligence capacity, often skilled in restricted areas, but has troubles relating to others and sometimes presents inappropriate behaviors. As well as other conditions recorded in the spectrum, it is believed that Asperger 's disorder is a developmental disorder with neurological basis, in most of the cases is unknown where comes from. There are deviations or abnormalities in three main aspects of development: ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 25.
  • 26. Influence Of The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The... The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night–Time is a mystery work of fiction by a British writer Mark Haddon, who was born on the 26th of September in Northampton, England in 1962, where he was brought up by an architect. Mark Haddon was educated at Uppingham School he then went on to his English Literature major at Oxford, Merton College. After completing his studies, he went to Scotland where he spent his time working with MENCAP which was an organisation that helped disabled people, this experience of looking after individuals who were diagnosed with autism and various sclerosis soon influenced him with his fictional writing. Having an interest in mental and physical health issues it encouraged Mark Haddon to start seeing the commonalities ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Some of the characteristics of those who have autism consist of repetitive thinking and compulsive attention in things like symbols, languages and numbers. The cause of autism is not yet known as of now, however, many people consider it a genetic disorder which takes place at birth. Christopher Boone has one specific form of autism known as Asperger's syndrome, his disorder is reflected through his fascination with mathematics, detail, astronomy and colours; his thoughts on routine and violent hatred to interaction, even though it is not specified in the book. In 1943 Leo Kanner a psychiatrist published a paper surrounded around the research of 11 young patients that fit into a fine variety of diagnostic principles that he measured out to be autistic. During Kanner's career he has seen fewer than 150 cases that go with the description he came up with of the syndrome, he theorised that autism was very unsupported and rare. Autism turned out to be a foundation of embarrassment and several of those who were diagnosed were certified; in the 1970s everything started to change (Kennedy Krieger Institute and the Simons Foundation, n.d.). Hans Asperger and Leo Kanner both used the word autism, in the 1940s when they were doing ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 27.
  • 28. Historical Context. Recently, Society Is Showing Concern Historical Context Recently, society is showing concern for the rise in people having Autism and the economic costs to society. However, history shows Asperger has been known as a disorder since 1944. Autism and Asperger are not new disabilities and many people are still undiagnosed. After over 70 years, how to diagnose, treat, and understand these disabilities are still being researched. DSM–5 addressed the possible confusion of diagnosing these disorders, increased costs, and high numbers of people diagnosed with Autism by changing the criteria to a spectrum and removing Asperger's disorder. Hans Asperger In 1944, Hans Asperger, Viennese pediatrician observed four child patients as having a personality disorder struggling with similar ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... These include Autistic Disorder, Asperger's Disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD–NOS)" (Autism Research Institute, 2017, para. 2). Asperger's Disorder (299.80 DSM–IV) criteria were as follows: The essential features of Asperger's Disorder are severe and sustained impairment in social interaction and the development of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interest, and activity. The disturbance must clinically show significant impairment in social, occupational, and other important areas of functioning. In contrast to Autistic Disorder, there are no clinically significant delays in language. In addition, there are no clinically significant delays in cognitive development or in the development of age– appropriate self–help skills, adaptive behavior, and curiosity about the environment in childhood (Autism Society, 2016, para. 9). According to Tsai (2013), "more than 3,300 cases with AspD and more than 3,700 cases with HFA/AD were identified from 1994 to 2012 serves as a strong testimony of the ability to diagnose individuals with AspD by many well trained clinicians and researchers based on DSM–IV (para. 24). The DSM publication profits millions yearly and has a lot of power, such as identifying Asperger's disorder leading to a new identity for Aspies. There is speculation that DSM decided to revise autism disorder/Asperger's disorder to a ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 29.
  • 30. What Is Asperger's Syndrome? Asperger's syndrome Asperger syndrome is an uncommon condition, but probably more common than classic autism. Misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of this disorder is a serious problem, and the average age at diagnosis is several years later than for autism (Gillberg, 1989). Obviously, this can be traumatic for individuals and families; furthermore, the most effective intervention programmes begin early, and establishing management strategies at an early age can minimise later behavioural problems (Howlin, 1998). In 1944 According to Hans Asperger he described a condition termed autistic psychopathy, characterised by problems in social integration and non–verbal communication associated with idiosyncratic verbal communication and an egocentric preoccupation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Patients with this condition had difficulties with empathy and intuition and had a tendency to intellectualization. They were also clumsy (50–90% had motor coordination problems), found it hard to take part in team sports and exhibited behavioural difficulties including aggression and being victims of bullying. Asperger did not provide diagnostic criteria for this condition and it remained obscure until a review article by Lorna Wing in 1981[1]. Asperger syndrome often remains undiagnosed until a child or adult begins to have serious difficulties in school, the workplace or their personal lives. Indeed, many adults with Asperger syndrome receive their diagnosis when seeking help for related issues such as anxiety or depression. Diagnosis tends to center primarily on difficulties with social interactions. Children with Asperger syndrome tend to show typical or even exceptional language development. However, many tend to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 31.
  • 32. Language Struggle With Communication In Children ASD Individuals with ASD having varying degrees of language capabilities but all seem to struggle with communication, social aspects of language and knowing when to use specific social mannerisms. Only a very small percentage of individuals with ASD are fully non–verbal which could be attributed to treatment availability and the fact that high–functioning cases are easier to detect than they used to be. Language delay is often one of the first symptoms that parents notice in children with ASD. Research indicates that children who experience language problems before age 3 have a high probability of developing ASD and for those whose language deficiencies continue past age 5, they will often experience deficits in attention and social ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Another factor which affects the outcome of language skills within this population is pragmatic comprehension. Pragmatics describes how language is used to communicate within a social setting. Pragmatic abilities describe the way an individual is able to take on the viewpoint of other people, stay focused on a conversation and respond appropriately, communicate appropriate emotions through body and facial language and effectively use social concepts such as humor, metaphors and sarcasm (Kelley, 2011). Understanding pragmatics takes an individual's language abilities to the next level and will help to them to develop more meaningful connections with people. As mentioned earlier, pragmatic problems are the least successful component of language therapy in ASD and these impairments often endure past all other language difficulties. Due to the importance of pragmatics in the prognosis of children with ASD, I think that future research should strongly focus on developing ways to improve these skills. It is not enough to simply treat the structural and grammatical aspects of this language profile. Future research should focus on developing ways to teach children how to understand the perspectives of others. This type of intervention should also begin early in the children's lives but should continue into adolescence. A child's understand of the world changes with every year and I think if pragmatic education were able to adapt and be ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 33.
  • 34. Aspergers: Defining the Syndrome Aspergers: Defining the Syndrome What makes you different? Is it your clothes, your personality or your hobbies? Do these things set you apart from everybody else or do they help you fit in? Would you change these things if you could. What if you couldn't change it because it was part of your DNA? Its something you can never change and it will be with you the rest of your life. One of these things is Aspergers. The symptoms, causes,diagnosis and their daily lives set them apart from everybody else. Aspergers syndrome is a type of pervasive development disorder or PDD. PDD's are a group of conditions that involve delays in the development of many basic skills such as; the ability to socialize with others, to communicate and using their imagination( Aspergers). It was discovered by Hans Asperger who was a viennese physician who recognizes this disorder in the 1940's. It became universally recognized as a developmental disorder in the United States( Quinn 32–33). At this point of time no one knows the cause of Aspergers Syndrome. However it tends to run in families which suggests that it might be inherited(Aspergers). When looking at the brain there are definite differences in aspergers patient's genetic make–up. They have a different "Blueprint" of their brain which maps different circuits. There are many genes and many different chromosomes that are involved. However some scientists think that environmental influences could be a factor because of the smaller ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 35.
  • 36. Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Chapter Analysis Chapter 1 focuses on autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs) and other Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Described in 1943 by Dr. Leo Kanner, autism (also known as autistic disorder, childhood autism, or infantile disorder) is one of the PDDs along with Rett's disorder, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) referred to as Heller's syndrome, Asperger disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD–NOS). Rett's is a rare genetic abnormality affecting brain development in girls. There are treatments available, but there is no known cure. Asperger disorder affects an individual's ability to socialize and communicate effectively. Individuals with Asperger disorder may be socially awkward and have a compulsive ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... While there are many theories there is no single cause of autism. One theory assumes multiple factors interacting in complex ways (i.e. genes, environment and brain) can cause autism. Genetics play a role but do not explain the full picture or the recent increase in reported cases. According to Volkmar and Weisner (2009), "Identical twins have identical genes, while fraternal twins share only some genes. The implication of this finding was that there was potentially a very strong genetic contribution in autism. A number of studies have shown that this is the case. " (p. 26). There are medical conditions associated with autism which include, phenylketonuria, congenital rubella, tuberous sclerosis, and Fragile X. The strongest associations are with Fragile X, a genetic condition causing intellectual disability and tuberous sclerosis, a genetic disorder that causes tumors to form in many different organs, primarily in the brain, eyes, heart. There is no strong evidence that environmental etologies cause autism. Some researchers assume that environmental toxins can increase the rate of autism, but evidence proposed for environmental factors is based on a case by case report which is difficult to interpret (Volkmar & Weisner, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 37.
  • 38. Life of a Child with Asperger's Syndrome While children with Asperger's Syndrome have an average to above average intelligence and normal cognitive abilities, they unfortunately suffer with impaired social skills. An effective treatment program will have to be tailored to fit the specific child's Asperger's in order for the child to be successful in managing his or her own behaviors. This form of treatment is run by a psychologist, counselor, speech pathologist, or social worker, these therapies are invaluable ways to build social skills and the ability to read verbal and non–verbal cues that is often lacking in those with Asperger's. (WebMD, 2013) Without the implementation of the appropriate treatment needed for the lack of social skills as a child, these deficits will continue into adulthood and affect societal and professional performance. According to Szatmari, Bartolucci & Bremner (1989), "Adults with ASD are much more likely than the general population to be unemployed or underemployed and much less likely to have satisfying social relationships" (Szatmari, Bartolucci & Bremner, 1989, Para. 3). The results of this study may have had something to do with the lack of treatment in children with Asperger's. Even though there is not a cure for this syndrome, understanding the multiple treatment options can reduce the stigma and inaccurate labeling of children with ASD. Labels can negatively impact a person with ASD, and the lack of knowledge and experience with ASD have caused stigmatization. Until ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 39.
  • 40. High School 's Peer Mentorship Program Weston High School's peer mentorship program provides a constructive relationship for students with intellectual challenges that helps them navigate through the obstacles of high school. The main focus of a mentor is to help make the mentee comfortable in an environment that is exceptionally stressful for them. In the school setting, people with Autism, specifically Asperger 's Syndrome, experience a multitude of issues because they might have a sensory overload and struggle to socially interact with their peers. As a mentor, you need to stay with your mentee throughout the school day and help guide them through any problems that arise, while also attempting to prevent any tantrums. The main goal of your relationship with your mentee is to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... There are many ways to successfully aid them in making it through the class period, including providing the mentee with consistency by supplying them with a schedule that outlines the structure of the class. People with Autism or Asperger Syndrome crave consistency, structure, and predictability and if these elements are not present, they will mentally breakdown. Likewise, there is an underlying routine for every class period, even though a new subject is constantly taught by the teachers. As a mentor, it would be beneficial to create a schedule for the mentee, so, therefore, the structure and order that they crave is evident in the classroom environment. For this reason, the student might begin to feel comfortable, which would allow them to have a greater capability to focus on the specific tasks. In addition, another way to help the mentee in the classroom setting is to break down the information that was taught or attempt to present it to them in a different manner, if they do not understand it. Students with Autism or Asperger Syndrome sometimes struggle to understand the lesson as they cannot process the way the teacher has expressed it to the class. It then might be harder for them to complete an assigned task about that topic and by breaking it down, they will be able to complete more work. Also, there are many advantages to presenting the information to them in a different manner, including ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 41.
  • 42. Hans Asperger And Stereotypes Of Autism 1.2 Hans Asperger and Stereotypes of Autism In the 1940's, Hans Asperger, an Austrian pediatrician, observed children with autistic–like behaviors and social and communication challenges. These kids had normal intelligence as well as normal language development. Asperger syndrome is a type of pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). PDDs involve delays in the development of skills, mostly around social, communication, imagination, and abstract thinking skills. Many experts argue that Asperger syndrome is a milder form of autism, referred to today as high–functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD). Asperger's work consisted of a historical review of specific Autism case studies that were not representative of the entire spectrum even though they were a great basis for the upcoming research in the field (Draaisma, 2009). Unlike Asperger believed, it is not true that only males have the disorder. Yet, most of Asperger's observations on autism are still relevant to the way autism is perceived today (Draaisma, 2009). Most of the knowledge about autism among the general public is drawn from the representations of autism in the media, such as novels, TV series, movies, or autobiographies. This is usually a representation of an individual with autism who also has special abilities or talents. Unfortunately, these examples of gifted individuals are not representative of the majority of this population and have led to some misconceptions about the disorder. Asperger ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 43.
  • 44. Introductory Paragraph Introductory Paragraph (Topic sentence) First paragraph (Topic sentence) Asperger syndrome falls in the category of autism, which is a disability that affects the humans view of the modern world. It is hard to tell if people have Asperger syndrome, which means that you can't tell if someone has the condition from their appearance. Asperger syndrome is mostly a 'hidden disability'. This means that you can't tell that someone has the condition from their outward appearance. While there are similarities with autism, people with Asperger syndrome have fewer problems with speaking and are often of average, or above average, intelligence. They do not usually have the accompanying learning disabilities associated with autism, but they may have specific learning difficulties. (Rewrite) Second paragraph (Topic sentence) Christopher John Francis Boone knows all the countries of the world and their capitals and every prime number up to 7,057. He relates well to animals but has no understanding of human emotions. He cannot stand to be touched. Although gifted with a superbly logical brain, Christopher is autistic. Everyday interactions and admonishments have little meaning for him. Routine, order, and predictability ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... This means that Christopher expresses himself in a simple and straightforward way and cannot understand commonly accepted modes of signaling. For instance, he says 'I find people confusing. This is for two main reasons. The first main reason is that people do a lot of talking without using any words...The second main reason is that people often talk using metaphors.' Christopher does not accept the typical 'signals' that people use to communicate, for instance 'raising an eyebrow' which Siobhan explains to him 'can mean 'I want to do sex with you' and it can also mean 'I think that what you just said was very ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 45.
  • 46. Autism Prevalence, Research And The Historical Viewpoint Autism Prevalence, Research and the Historical Viewpoint Historically, from the published accounts of autism, it has been a male orientated disorder (Thompson et al., 2003; Werling and Gerschwind, 2013). It first came to light in the early 1940s and during this period Doctor Leo Kanner introduced the idea of "early infantile autism" (Kanner, 1943), this previously unreported model of behaviour was characterised by significant impairment in the areas of social interaction and communication, and extreme resistance to change and lack of adaptability (Wing and Potter, 2002). Following on from this, in 1944 Hans Asperger, a child psychologist and pediatrician, described a similar syndrome, but with milder functional impairments, he labelled ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Until relatively recently is has been widely accepted boys were four times more likely to be diagnosed with ASD than girls (Whiteley, et al., 2010). This idea is supported by an evaluation of forty three studies into pervasive development disorders conducted by Fombonne (2003), the study was longitudinal in nature and spanned a forty year period, the median ratio of males to females with ASD found was 4:1 Nevertheless, more recently, current studies which incorporate females within their samples, suggest the male–female ratio may be closer to 2:1 (Frazier et al., 2014; Idring et al., 2014; Halladay et al., 2014). Indicating results from previous research may possess an intrinsic bias in terms of gender, as historically the majority of enquiries have not included females within their sample (Thompson et al., 2003; Van Wijngaarden–Cremers et al., 2013). Alongside the overarching male dominance in diagnosis, there is a greater disparity in the male– female differential for high functioning autism and Aspergers, than for individuals with a comorbid intellectual disability (Fombonne, 1999; Fombonne et al., 2011). The higher prevalence of autism in males at the high functioning end, compared to those with intellectual disability, led to researchers to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 47.
  • 48. Dear John Your Dad Loves You, I Can Tell, Even If You Can't Jael Zimmerman Westmoreland County Community College Abstract Dear John by Nicholas Sparks uses two main characters, John's father and Tim's brother Alan, to express the symptoms and complications of the psychological disorder Asperger Syndrome. This disorder is considered a form of autism. People with this disorder will be passionate about one or more topics, but will struggle with daily tasks. The novel provides an extended metaphor through John's father through his obsessive interest in his coin collection, and is difficulty in forming a relationship and communicating with his son as he attempts to raise him on his own. Evidence from his routine schedule and his trouble in controlling ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... She has started a program for children with autism, and owns a farm where she encourages them to ride horses, and help them have fun and to aid with their illness. John sells his dad's entire coin collection to help find a cure for Tim's illness (Sparks, 2006). The story ends with the saying that when you really love someone, you think about their happiness, more than your own. The novel presents characters that represent the symptoms and complications of Autism and Asperger Syndrome. Behavior is dysfunctional, when it interferes with a person's ability to function on a daily basis (Davis&Palladino, 2007). Some of the more common characteristics of Asperger Syndrome include difficulty in communication, problems expressing feelings, devotion to routine, and obsessive interests in one or more topics (Jaffe, 2010). John's father, Mr. Tyree conveys indication of the psychological disorder in his behavior throughout the entire novel. Even though Mr. Tyree has raised John on his own, during the novel, there is not much communication between the two. As a teenager and even as a adolescence, when John was home his father would greet him the same way every morning simply saying good morning. They would eat breakfast and dinner in silence. When he tried to discuss Savannah in a conversation, he didn't know what to say. The fact that John could never talk to his ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 49.
  • 50. Essay on Life with Asperger’s Asperger's syndrome is a developmental syndrome. It is said that every 2 out of 10,000 children are affected by this disorder. Asperger's is mostly diagnosed in young children. Parents usually recognize symptoms of this disorder in their kids around the time they turn 3 years old. Asperger's is sometimes considered a form of autism. I find this syndrome to be very intriguing. I'm going to enlighten you with more information about Asperger's and a few real life cases of it. The symptoms of Asperger's are some of the following. They usually are socially and emotionally inappropriate. They lack the ability of being able to interact with other individuals successfully. They have a peculiar use of language and speech. They sometimes speak in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Another trait he observed in the four children was that they had a certain interest that they were obsessed with in a sense and it dominated their conversations with other people. He called the condition "autistic psychopathy" he said it was a personality disorder that's main symptom was social isolation. Asperger's wasn't widely known until 1981. Children with Asperger's (AS) will get a huge amount of information about whatever their favorite subject is. These people who have AS aren't able to always control the volume of their voice based on the environment surrounding them, e.g., libraries, movie theaters, etc. Also, a wide selection of children with AS are very active as young kids. But then as a young adult they begin to be depressed or anxious. Asperger's syndrome is a genetic disorder. It usually runs in families, and is passed down generation to generation. The research they are conducting suggests that abnormalities of the brain are the cause of Asperger's syndrome. They think the abnormalities of the brain happen because of an idiosyncratic movement of embryonic cells during the fetal development. They haven't found the gene specifically for Asperger's disease yet. They're beginning to think that there may be a common group of genes that are responsible for making Asperger's occur. It's complicated for doctors to diagnose this disorder. They don't have a standard way of diagnosing Asperger's. Some ways of diagnosing it have different criteria, and therefore ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 51.
  • 52. Leo Kanner Research Paper Leo Kanner was a renowned child psychiatrist and helped create the first children's psychiatric unit at Johns Hopkins. I do not believe he knew what he was creating when he coined the term "refrigerator mother." As the "Father of Child Psychiatry", he attempted to right his wrongs by writing In Defense of Mothers. Kanner claimed that autism was a disorder that only affected individuals during infancy, which left adolescents and adults with the same symptoms to be overlooked. Kanner was eventually proven wrong, because autism was proven to affect individuals throughout their lives (Baron–Cohen.) Bruno Bettelheim supported Kanner's term of "refrigerator mother" that children got autism from being rejected by their mother and father. He was a firm believer in nurture over nature. He was constantly criticized and his credentials were questioned. I myself wonder if he was misleading where his credentials were concerned on accident, or if he ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The concept believed in nurture over nature, but most of the mothers I read about in the case studies loved their child dearly and was extremely involved in their child's life. As a mother, I know what it is like to feel the need to move mountains for one's child. If I had a child displaying Kanner's described symptoms of autism, I would do what the mothers in the movie did; I would do everything within my power to get my child the best help possible. If turned down by possible sources of help, I would do what one of the refrigerator mothers did; I would keep pushing and searching until I found someone that would help my child. I would not take no for an answer. I would trust the specialists, even if it meant for my child to spend lengthy times away from me. I would not like it, but I would so whatever was necessary. I would even take the blame, if it called for it. My child would take top priority, and I would not allow anything to come in the way of my child's well ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 54. Autism In John Steinbeck's Of Mice And Men Why I believe Lennie's disability is Autism. When dealing with a mental disability, whether it be taking care of, diagnosing, or simply knowing how to act and react to the disabled; it can be very nerve racking wondering if what you're doing is respectful, helpful, and correct. There are hundreds of different symptoms that may or may not present themselves in hundreds of mental disabilities and a thousand more combinations of those. Knowing just what handicap you're dealing with is normally just a shot in the dark and the hope that you got it right on the first try. My shot in the dark for Lennie is Autism. While I read through the book Of Mice and Men, I knew from the very beginning that something was wrong with one of the two main characters. Several times throughout the book Lennie proves that his mental capacity is just not up to par with his age, one of the first indicators being imitation. 'He pushed himself back, drew up his knees, embraced them, looked over to George to see whether he had it just ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It has recently been known that, other than affecting just the human connection, interaction, and communication areas of the brain; Autism seems to have a certain effect on all areas of the brain including memory. 'Lennie looked startled and then in embarrassment, hid his face against his knees. "I forgot again".'(Steinbeck, pg.6) George repeatedly reminds Lennie to not speak once they get to their new job, why they had to leave their last job and later on, to absolutely not speak to Curley's wife. All of which had significant reason to remember, and which all lennie had forgotten. Why Lennie has such an interest and ability to remember the rabbits is unknown, but it may be able to be contributed to another Autism trait dealing with obsessions and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 56. The Benefits Of An Early Asperger 's Diagnosis Unshackled: The Benefits of an Early Asperger's Diagnosis We all have labels. Hundreds of them, maybe thousands. We are labeled from the day we are born until the day we die. White, black, smart, dumb, successful, worthless, popular, weird, attractive, ugly, Jewish, Muslim, Aspergian. These are just a few of the millions and millions of labels we affix to each other every day. Some labels are subjective. One man's lunatic could be another man's visionary. However, there are many labels that are permanent and inescapable. A white newborn will be white for their entire life. They cannot do anything to change their race. They will carry a "white" label to the grave. An Aspergian newborn will be Aspergian for their entire life. They cannot do anything to change their neurological makeup. They will carry an "Aspergian" label to the grave. It really is not up to us whether or not we will have a specific label. However, what we can choose is whether we will wear our labels with pride or wear our labels with shame. There are those of us who choose to pretend our inherent labels don't exist. Living in denial is not living at all. The sooner one accepts the labels they can't change, the better. If an individual has Asperger's, pretending it 's not there won't make it go away. An early Asperger's diagnosis is crucial, for it can lead to treatment and acceptance. "So is there a cure?' I asked. 'It 's not a disease', he explained. 'It doesn 't need curing. It 's just how you ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 58. Asperger’s Disorder Essay examples Amazingly, one percent of new births will have some type of autism (Autism Society of America, 2010). Asperger's disorder is one type of Autism, and is at the high end of these disorders. This "disorder, which is also called Asperger's syndrome (AS) or autistic psychopathy, belongs to a group of childhood disorders known as pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) or autistic spectrum disorders"(Exkorn, 2006). A characteristic of this disorder is harsh and strict disruption of a certain type of brain development. The most affected areas of Asperger's disorder is difficulty in social understanding and in behavior or activities that are limited or recurring (Frey, 2003). Students with Asperser's have different levels of seriousness, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... He gave an example of how John improved with help. When a teacher would notify John that it is time to change classes, he would get aggravated and would want to finish the model he had begun. The teacher talked to him, explaining that in five minutes they will have to leave, and they can come back at lunch if all the other work is completed. John agrees. This technique settled him down. The rest of the day he did his best so he could get back to building his model (Glover, 2010). Asperger's disorder (AD) is a disruption in the formation of the child's physical and or psychological development and recognizing these, the disorder was separated from Autism in 1944, to provide a basis for each child to get the proper care. All children with Asperger Disorder will show some traits in these three categories; impaired social skills, trouble communicating with others and a pattern of behavior, interest, and activities' will be limited and recurring; they become obsessed with a single theme. Usually the child will have the normal communication skills in the beginning years. They will be using single words by age one. They just will not be using them in the normal way. When doctors are testing for this disorder, they are looking for specific behaviors or skills that are either present or absent. If the right services are available, Asperser's children will show significant improvement in language ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 60. Autism Spectrum Disorder And Autism Essay Autism and Asperger's are two syndromes that are now looked as being part of the 'Autism Spectrum Disorder'. Asperger's is on the high functioning end while Autism is on the low functioning end. Before the 'autism spectrum' was created, in nineteen forty–three and nineteen forty–four, a psychiatrist named Leo Kanner and German scientist named Hans Asperger discovered Autism and Asperger's. Their research included looking at cases of children who were different and had qualities of aloneness, obsessiveness, and trouble with social interactions. Leo Kanner and Hans Asperger helped others understand children who were different and helped us today as we used their research to further the identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Leo Kanner was born in Austria in 1894 but he went to school in Berlin. He came to the United States in nineteen twenty four where he received a position as an assistant doctor at a hospital in South Dakota. In 1930, he moved to Johns Hopkins hospital, where he founded the first child psychiatry clinic in the country. He then wrote his first book in 1935 called Child Psychiatry that defined his definition of child psychiatry and what he found in his research. In 1938 he started his research on eleven children and started to write his next article and first described the syndrome of infantile autism ("LETTER TO THE EDITOR Asperger (1906–1980) and Kanner (1894–1981), the Two Pioneers of Autism") Leo Kanner wrote the article "Autistic Disturbances of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 62. Asperger's Theory Of Infantile Autism The term Autism was first used in 1908 as a divisional term for people with schizophrenia who were particularly withdrawn & self–absorbed. In 1943 an American child psychiatrist named Leo Kanner, M.D., published a paper which described 11 children who were highly intelligent, however they displayed "a powerful desire for aloneness", whilst also "an obsessive insistence on persistent sameness". "Early infantile autism" was the name he later labelled the condition. Asperger's Syndrome was first highlighted in 1944 by a German scientist named Hans Asperger. He described a "milder" form of autism. In his research the cases he reported were all boys & they were very intelligent, however they had very specific obsessive interests & had trouble with social interactions. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... He stated that Autism was as a result of mothers not loving their children enough. This was disproved & in 1977 there was research conducted on sets of twins that found that Autism was largely caused by genetics & biological differences in the development of the brain. In 1980, Autism was officially disconnected from childhood schizophrenia, which was a big step & "Infantile Autism for the first time. Even further research was carried out, & in 1987, the term Infantile Autism was replaced by a more extensive definition of "Autism Disorder," & it also included a checklist of criteria for diagnoses. A psychologist from UCLA named Ivar Lovaas, Ph.D. also published the first study showing how intensive behaviour therapy could help children with Autism in 1987, & this gave individuals & their families hope for their ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 63.
  • 64. Asperger's Syndrome Case Studies 1. Rosie has an Asperger's syndrome, and based on a DSM 5 criteria, she has difficult time with socializing with other (Autism Speaks Canada, 2015). Also, she has a difficult time expressing her nonverbal and verbal body languages (Autism Speaks Canada, 2015). Rosie has a difficulty with making an eye contact when talking with someone (Autism Speaks Canada, 2015). Rosie struggles in mood swing from happy at the moment and becomes angry at another situation. She also has a well organizing skills and maintaining the exact pattern. Meaning that she do not like when her own belongings were rearranged by anyone. As far as, her social skills demonstrated by Rosie, I think she is fantastic. Even if people with Asperger's syndrome experiences in difficulties with socializing and maintaining relationship, Rosie was self–driven and motivated individual who had positive attitude on everything she did at best. To describe Rosie's brother (Lenny), he is 9 year old who has classic autism. Lenny has demonstrated, poor communication skills with others and he has showed repetitive behavior. 2. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In Rosie's family, there are a lots of autistic spectrum disorder within her family. Rosie has Asperger's syndrome and her brother (Lenny) has a classic autism. Rosie's sister who is experiencing with Kabuki syndrome. To further describe aspect about kabuki syndrome is that, it is a syndrome that is affecting her physical growth and other form of appearances (Genetic Homes Referenc, 2015). For example, individual with Kabuki syndrome has a characteristic of; short stature, unique facial feature, arched eyebrow, long eyelid and large earlobe. (Genetic Homes Referenc, 2015). Other characteristic of individual with kabuki syndrome would be that they are really shy and don't talk in front of others very ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 66. Autism In Adults Here are 10 symptoms of Autism in Adults! Symptoms of autism in adults is seldom found because of symptoms usually appear in children. Symptoms of autism in adults differ from one person to another. Autism is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by a decrease in social interaction and communication. People with autism have limited behavior (not varied) and repetitive. There are some common problems that are often seen in people with autism, such as seizure disorders, digestive problems, mental retardation, and other diseases. Autism Symptoms in Adults Symptoms of autism in adults are generally characterized by social and communication skills problems. Here are some symptoms that may appear: 1. Language Barriers Adults with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It's hard for them to start and continue the conversation. People with autism often do not understand facial expressions, body language, non–verbal cues, and intonation of others. Joke or satire is often not understood by them. This causes a lot of people are frustrated and avoid communicating with people with autism. Adults with autism may speak in a high–pitched or flat intonation. 4. Time Management Issues One of the problems that arise in people with autism is that they are not aware of the time. Often the patient preoccupation with the work they do. There are some autistic adults who spend hours arranging their bookshelves. 5. Lack of Ability to Control Emotions Adults with autism do not have control over their emotions. Sometimes they themselves were surprised by the emotions they display. This makes other people feel the difficulty of dealing with people with autism. Adults with autism may have a tendency to run amok or tantrums like a child. 6. Sensitivity Most people with autism hyper or hyposensitive to light, noise, and crowds. Some cases of autism also showed hypersensitivity and hyposensitivity at different times to the same conditions. 7. Motor ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 67.
  • 68. John Elder Robison's Look Me In The Eye In his book, Look Me in the Eye, author John Elder Robison offers a satisfying and thought– provoking memoir of a man growing up conflicted with Asperger's syndrome. Asperger's, as we have come to understand it, is an autism spectrum disorder distinguished by a pattern of indicators including qualitative deficiency in social interaction, by stereotyped and controlled patterns of behavior, activities and interests, and by no significant clinical delay in intellectual development or language. According to Robison, Asperger's is not a disease that requires a cure, but rather one that requires understanding on behalf of others. Robison seeks to change the perception of readers and encourage understanding through a detailed overview of his life, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... The author is successful in describing to the reader the bewildered feelings a child suffering with Asperger's faces in their failed attempts at interaction, which is not something I fully understood previously. Robison recounts his relationships with other children as a young boy, and how his means of communication did not translate to lasting friendships. Because of his social deficiencies, John could not respond properly to the demands of his peers and failed to engage them. This inevitably led to isolation and feelings of devaluation. It was only when John relied on logical reasoning that he realized that his behaviors did not align with those of his peers, and so he made adjustments. Robison had to consciously remember to answer with logical responses, adjust his facial expressions to portray an appropriate response, and understand the emotional reactions of his peers. Most people are able to formulate these responses automatically, but as I came to understand through reading the book, people with Asperger's have to make conscious adjustments in order to compensate for their communication deficiencies. Failure to comply with societal norms for social responses inevitably results in labels of "deviant" and "psychopath", as Robison ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 69.
  • 70. The Pros And Cons Of Hans Asperger And Leo Kanner Many people who don't know what autism is would think that it's a new issue in modern society, but it has become far more predominant today compared to previous years. The term autism comes from the Greek word "autos", meaning "self". The word autism was first used in 1908 by a swiss psychiatrist named Eugene Bleuler. He used it to describe a schizophrenic patient who had withdrawn into his own world. However, the innovators into autism research were Hans Asperger and Leo Kanner. While they were not working together, they were both doing studies during the 1940s. Leo Kanner, an American child psychiatrist, started by studying the behaviors of 11 children. What he discovered in their behaviors are both pros and cons. The pros are that they had good intellectual potential and can recollect things relatively well. Nevertheless, the cons are difficulty in socializing, adapting to change, repeating words, just to name a few. Kanner referred to their condition as Kanner's syndrome, which was later named Early Infantile Autism. Similarly, Hans Asperger also studied a group of children that mimicked Kanner's descriptions. One thing that's different from Asperger's research compared to Kanner's research is that the children he observed did not have echolalia as a linguistic problem because they spoke like young adults. Additionally, Hans did mention that the children he evaluated were clumsy and had difficulty with fine motor skills. Hans Asperger described the milder form of autism ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 72. Ego Prohibits Self-Awareness In Annie Baker's Body Awareness Ego prohibits self–awareness. In the world today many people are nervous of not fitting in with society so they create a big ego to hide behind their flaws. This kind of growth is evident in Annie Baker's first play "Body Awareness" by one of the main characters, Jared. Jared is a twenty–one year old, slightly autistic boy who still lives with his gay parents, Joyce and Phyllis. Joyce and Phyllis have been telling Jared he has Aspergers ever since he was five years old. Throughout the play Jared shows many signs of Aspergers, but he will not admit it to himself or allow his parents accusations to be correct. Though Jared is conscious of these signs, he is constantly coming up with excuses in order to seem perfect for he believes this will make his parents happy. In the dramatic comedy Body Awareness written by Annie Baker, the author displays that self–confidence prevents one's self consciousness. Ego can prohibit the idea of one's true–self. All Joyce, Jared's mother wants is for Jared to be like any normal kid, but he is not. This upsets her, and she constantly tries to bring up the fact that he may have Asperger's and proceeds to explain why. Jared and Joyce, are having a civilized conversation while cooking dinner when Joyce brings up a psychologist and Jared immediately begins to get angry and yells, "I can tell you with 100 percent certainty that I don't have it... I AM NOT FUCKING RETARDED" (Baker 12). Jared's anger towards Asperger's and his mother comes out, and he ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 73.
  • 74. Who Is Extremely Loud And Incredibly Close The film "Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close" written by Eric Roth is centered around the events that happened on 9/11. The film follows a young boy named Oskar, who lost his beloved father in the attacks. He finds a key in his father's closet and ventures out into the city to find who it belongs to. During this adventure Oskar attempts to find closure and shows his true emotions. The title "Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close" is used to represent how close Oskar was to finding the owner of the key, Oskar's relationship with his father, as well as Oskar's emotional state during the film. "Incredibly close" is used to describe how close Oskar was to finding what the key he found in his father's closet belong to. Soon after Oskar finds the key he is in a way forced by his Asperger's syndrome to find who or what the key belongs to because he cannot handle anything not having an answer. The envelope he found the key in had the name Black written on it, so Oskar made it his mission to find every person with the last name Black in New York and go visit them to inquire about key. The first place Oskar ended up going was to the house of Abby Black, who similar to him was going through a tough time. He asked her about the key, but she said it was not hers and did not know what it belonged to. He talks to her in order to comfort her and as he is doing this William Black walks by. This is not significant at the time but it is later learned that the key does indeed belong to William ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 76. Asperger Syndrome Research Paper Why I am Interested in Asperger Syndrome I am highly interested in Asperger Syndrome because a person very close to me was diagnosed with this condition. I know of several people who have it, as well. On social media a few years back, a transgender man with Asperger's had a meltdown and was comforted by a dog. Recently that man was shot and killed by a police officer after the poor man got out of control. I would like to know more about how this disease affects people. What I am Hoping to Find Throughout my research of Asperger Syndrome, I hope to learn what the disease actually is. I want to know how a person is both mentally and physically affected when they have the condition. I would also like to know what aspects specialists use to diagnose a person with Aspergers. I'd like to learn about coping mechanisms and treatment methods. I also hope to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Why or why not? Yes and no. Yes, because of the intense struggle and trauma that he has experienced. But at the same time no because it was an eye opener for me and I think it made me a better person by learning and coping with him, & I think the same goes for him." On the 21st of February 2016 at 5:30 p.m. I spoke with Sammie Rogers. "What does it mean to you to be diagnosed with Asperger's Syndrome? I asked. "It was explained to me that I have Asperger Syndrome. I think it has a lot to do with how I communicate with other people. It's harder for me to understand what people mean sometimes and I get bullied a lot because of this. I think that everyone has a little bit of a difficulty understanding other people because they are so confusing. Sammie stated. Do you think you would be a different person if you didn't have it? I honestly can't imagine being different than I am now. I've just gotten used to how people treat me and I've been trying to study how people act and what it means and that helped some. Would you change if ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 77.
  • 78. Asperger Syndrome : A Disorder On The Autism Spectrum Ashley Knowles Dr. Chaviano ESE 309 Spring 2015 Asperger Syndrome Asperger syndrome, also known as, Asperger disorder is a disorder on the autism spectrum. Asperger syndrome is on the mild, or "high–functioning," end. Many affected with Asperger's learn to adjust and become very intelligent and live successful lives. In 1944, an Australian pediatrician named Hans Asperger observed four children who had difficulty integrating socially. The children lacked nonverbal communication skills, failed to demonstrate empathy with their peers, and were physically awkward. Their speech was either disjointed or overly formal and their obsessing interest in a specific topic dominated their conversations. Dr. Asperger called the condition "autistic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It appears likely that a combination of genetic variations and environmental factors influence the development of this complex condition. Asperger syndrome is a disorder of brain development. The differences in brain development that occur in Asperger syndrome appear to affect areas of the brain involved in thought, behavior, and emotions, such as prefrontal cortex, the amygdala, and the fusiform face area. People with Asperger's have average or above–average intelligence. These people do not have a language delay as others do on parts of the autism spectrum. Their ability to carry on a conversation is often impaired by a tendency to take sarcasm or humorous statements literally. Body language is also often misunderstood as to what others may be feeling to the person with Asperger's. These individuals may speak in a monotone voice, have unusual mannerisms, or choose unusual topics of conversation. Individuals with Asperger syndrome tend to develop an intense interest in a particular subject. The interest may be a traditional hobby or on an academic level. Often they are able to remember a large amount of details on their subject of interest. People with Asperger's may have difficulty tolerating sensory stimuli such as noise or lights. Other features may include mild impairment of motor skills. Basic skills such as crawling or walking may be somewhat delayed. This physical clumsiness may lead to further social isolations. Signs and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...