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Different Casting Processes
Process Advantages Disadvantages Examples
Sand many metals, sizes, shapes, cheap poor finish & tolerance engine blocks,
cylinder heads
Shell mold better accuracy, finish, higher
production rate
limited part size connecting rods, gear
housings
Expendable
pattern
Wide range of metals, sizes,
shapes
patterns have low
strength
cylinder heads, brake
components
Plaster mold complex shapes, good surface
finish
non-ferrous metals, low
production rate
prototypes of
mechanical parts
Ceramic mold complex shapes, high accuracy,
good finish
small sizes impellers, injection
mold tooling
Investment complex shapes, excellent finish small parts, expensive jewellery
Permanent
mold
good finish, low porosity, high
production rate
Costly mold, simpler
shapes only
gears, gear housings
Die Excellent dimensional accuracy,
high production rate
costly dies, small parts,
non-ferrous metals
gears, camera bodies,
car wheels
Centrifugal Large cylindrical parts, good
quality
Expensive, few shapes pipes, boilers,
flywheels

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Advantages of various casting process

  • 1.
  • 2. Different Casting Processes Process Advantages Disadvantages Examples Sand many metals, sizes, shapes, cheap poor finish & tolerance engine blocks, cylinder heads Shell mold better accuracy, finish, higher production rate limited part size connecting rods, gear housings Expendable pattern Wide range of metals, sizes, shapes patterns have low strength cylinder heads, brake components Plaster mold complex shapes, good surface finish non-ferrous metals, low production rate prototypes of mechanical parts Ceramic mold complex shapes, high accuracy, good finish small sizes impellers, injection mold tooling Investment complex shapes, excellent finish small parts, expensive jewellery Permanent mold good finish, low porosity, high production rate Costly mold, simpler shapes only gears, gear housings Die Excellent dimensional accuracy, high production rate costly dies, small parts, non-ferrous metals gears, camera bodies, car wheels Centrifugal Large cylindrical parts, good quality Expensive, few shapes pipes, boilers, flywheels