Manual Handling of Materials

1. A TRAINING FOR THE
METALWORKING INDUSTRIES
MANUAL HANDLING OF MATERIALSMANUAL HANDLING OF MATERIALS
 Updated on June 2015

2.  Introduction
 Risk management on manual handling
 Hazards associated with manual handling
 Common injuries & occupational diseases
 Proper manual handling methodology
 Use of personal protective equipment (PPE)
 Job design to prevent injuries
 Case study
Table of ContentsTable of Contents

3.  Manual handling is a common activity in most workplaces
 It includes lifting, lowering, pulling, pushing, carrying,
moving, holding or restraining an object
 Injuries and musculoskeletal disorders affect the back, neck,
shoulder, arms & hands
 It can be prevented through a systemic approach of
identification, assessment and control of risks associated
with manual handling.
IntroductionIntroduction

4. Occupational Diseases in SingaporeOccupational Diseases in Singapore
Source: Ministry of ManpowerSource: Ministry of Manpower

5.  Required to manage risks under WSH (Risk
Management) regulations
 Assess the risk
 Take all reasonably practical steps
 Eliminate any risks
Risk Management on Manual HandlingRisk Management on Manual Handling

6.  Step 1: Identification of hazard
Risk Management on Manual HandlingRisk Management on Manual Handling
Picture source: http://www.safetyworld.com/images/101.gifPicture source: http://www.safetyworld.com/images/101.gif

7.  Step 2: Assess the risk
 Dependent on severity of risk and likelihood of hazards
occurring
 severity X likelihood = risk level
 Risk Level = Low, Moderate or High
Risk Management on Manual HandlingRisk Management on Manual Handling

8. Risk Management on Manual HandlingRisk Management on Manual Handling
Rare
(1)
Remote
(2)
Occasional
(3)
Frequent
(4)
Almost
Certain
(5)
Catastrophic (A) Medium Medium High High High
Major (B) Medium Medium Medium High High
Moderate (C) Low Medium Medium Medium High
Minor (D) Low Medium Medium Medium Medium
Negligible (E) Low Low Low Medium Medium

9.  Step 3: Select Measures to Control and Reduce Risk
Based on hierarchy of hazards control
 1st
– Remove the hazard
 2nd
– Guard the remaining hazards
 3rd
– Mitigate impact of hazard
Risk Management on Manual HandlingRisk Management on Manual Handling

10. Risk Management on Manual HandlingRisk Management on Manual Handling

11. Hazards Associated with Manual Handling -Hazards Associated with Manual Handling -
HeavyHeavy
 Lifting over 25kg load can result in back injury
Picture source: http://www.masterlift.ie/images/HealthAndSaftey/HandS.jpgPicture source: http://www.masterlift.ie/images/HealthAndSaftey/HandS.jpg

12. Hazards Associated with Manual Handling -Hazards Associated with Manual Handling -
HeavyHeavy

13. Hazards Associated with Manual Handling -Hazards Associated with Manual Handling -
SharpSharp
 Potential Cuts on the fingers

14. Hazards Associated with Manual Handling –Hazards Associated with Manual Handling –
Odd shapesOdd shapes
 Absence of grip to hold the load
 Obstruction of walking view
Picture source: http://make-a-box.comPicture source: http://make-a-box.com
Picture source: http://Picture source: http://www.fork-lift-trucks.infowww.fork-lift-trucks.info

15. Hazards Associated with Manual Handling –Hazards Associated with Manual Handling –
Toxic substancesToxic substances
 Skin exposure to chemicals
Coolant
Lubricants
Picture source: http://discountpowerparts.comPicture source: http://discountpowerparts.com
Picture source: http://www.vacmagic.com/images/fixture%20macchining%20scene.jpgPicture source: http://www.vacmagic.com/images/fixture%20macchining%20scene.jpg

16. Hazards Associated with Manual Handling –Hazards Associated with Manual Handling –
Toxic substancesToxic substances
 Exposure to chemical dust, fumes & vapours
Picture source: http://www.railcamp.comPicture source: http://www.railcamp.com
Picture source: http://www.airborncoatings.com/images/air3.gifPicture source: http://www.airborncoatings.com/images/air3.gif

17. Common Injuries From Manual HandlingCommon Injuries From Manual Handling
 Neck Strain
Picture source: http://www.abcbodybuilding.com/exercise2/neckspra.jpgPicture source: http://www.abcbodybuilding.com/exercise2/neckspra.jpg

18. Common Injuries From Manual HandlingCommon Injuries From Manual Handling
Picture source: http://athleticscholarships.net/back%20pain.jpgPicture source: http://athleticscholarships.net/back%20pain.jpg
Picture source: http://www.drfoot.co.uk/pictures/wrist.jpgPicture source: http://www.drfoot.co.uk/pictures/wrist.jpg
 Wrist Sprains  Back Sprains

19.  Shoulder pain  Upper back pain
Picture source: http://www.gotosee.co.ukPicture source: http://www.gotosee.co.uk
Picture source:Picture source: http://medicineworld.orghttp://medicineworld.org
Common Injuries From Manual HandlingCommon Injuries From Manual Handling

20.  Slips, trips and fall
Picture source: http://www.istockphoto.comPicture source: http://www.istockphoto.com
Picture source: http://www.greenbergmassarelli.com/Images/slip_fall.jpgPicture source: http://www.greenbergmassarelli.com/Images/slip_fall.jpg
Common Injuries From Manual HandlingCommon Injuries From Manual Handling

21. Picture source : http://krismarkel.com/eclaircie/photos/uncategorized/ouch.JPGPicture source : http://krismarkel.com/eclaircie/photos/uncategorized/ouch.JPG
Picture source: http://www.thealmightyguru.com/Boffer/Images/FA-MinorCut.jpgPicture source: http://www.thealmightyguru.com/Boffer/Images/FA-MinorCut.jpg
 Cuts
Common Injuries From Manual HandlingCommon Injuries From Manual Handling

22. Health Hazards Resulting From ChemicalHealth Hazards Resulting From Chemical
HandlingHandling
 Skin dermatitis
Picture source: http://www.osh.govt.nzPicture source: http://www.osh.govt.nz

23. Health Hazards Resulting From ChemicalHealth Hazards Resulting From Chemical
HandlingHandling
 Skin dermatitis
Picture source: http://www.ascc.gov.auPicture source: http://www.ascc.gov.au

24. Health Hazards Resulting From ChemicalHealth Hazards Resulting From Chemical
HandlingHandling
 Occupational respiratory & lung diseases
Picture source: http://content.revolutionhealth.com/contentimages/images-image_popup-ww5r370.jpgPicture source: http://content.revolutionhealth.com/contentimages/images-image_popup-ww5r370.jpg
Picture source: http://myweb.lsbu.ac.uk/dirt/museum/simon/68-776-gse15.jpgPicture source: http://myweb.lsbu.ac.uk/dirt/museum/simon/68-776-gse15.jpg

25.  Occupational eye diseases
Health Hazards Resulting From ChemicalHealth Hazards Resulting From Chemical
HandlingHandling
Picture source: http://content.revolutionhealth.com/contentimages/images-image_popup-r7_conjunctivitis.jpgPicture source: http://content.revolutionhealth.com/contentimages/images-image_popup-r7_conjunctivitis.jpg

26. Proper Manual Handling - IndividualProper Manual Handling - Individual
ALWAYS KEEP YOUR BACK STRAIGHT WHILE LIFTINGALWAYS KEEP YOUR BACK STRAIGHT WHILE LIFTING
Step 1: Hold the
load firmly
Step 2: Keep the
load close to you
Step 3: Lift the
load by pushing
up your leg
Step 4: Ensure your
legs are stable
before moving off

27. Proper Manual Handling - IndividualProper Manual Handling - Individual
 Lifting aids

28. Proper Manual Handling - IndividualProper Manual Handling - Individual
 Lifting aids

29. Proper Manual Handling - IndividualProper Manual Handling - Individual
 Lifting aids

30.  Team/buddy lifting
Proper Manual Handling – TeamProper Manual Handling – Team
Picture source:Picture source: www.fork-lift-trucks.infowww.fork-lift-trucks.info

31.  Team/buddy lifting
Proper Manual Handling – TeamProper Manual Handling – Team
Picture source: http://www.atlasstraps.com/example2.gifPicture source: http://www.atlasstraps.com/example2.gif

32. Selection of PPE for Manual HandlingSelection of PPE for Manual Handling
 Are there any sharp or point edges?
 Is it enough to prevent injuries or occupational diseases?
 Does the PPE fit you correctly?
 Does the PPE wear out easily?
 Is it based on chemical properties of the substance?
 Does it minimize contact with chemicals?
 Is it easy to clean and maintain?

33. Selection of PPE for Manual HandlingSelection of PPE for Manual Handling
 Safety boots
 Protective gloves
 Helmets
 Working apron or overalls
 Goggles or safety glasses
 Face mask or respirators
Picture source: http://www.osha.govPicture source: http://www.osha.gov

34. Selection of PPE for Manual HandlingSelection of PPE for Manual Handling
 Safety boots
Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.ukPicture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk
Picture source: http://www.veganline.com/safety-boot-big.jpgPicture source: http://www.veganline.com/safety-boot-big.jpg

35. Selection of PPE for Manual HandlingSelection of PPE for Manual Handling
 Protective gloves
Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.ukPicture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk
Picture source: http://www.dkimages.comPicture source: http://www.dkimages.com

36. Selection of PPE for Manual HandlingSelection of PPE for Manual Handling
 Helmets
Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.ukPicture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk
Picture source: http://myweb.datahalland.se/w-15080/admin/picture/20050919154156.jpgPicture source: http://myweb.datahalland.se/w-15080/admin/picture/20050919154156.jpg

37. Selection of PPE for Manual HandlingSelection of PPE for Manual Handling
 Working apron or safety overalls
Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.ukPicture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk
Picture source: http://www.anzic-int.comPicture source: http://www.anzic-int.com
Picture source: http://www.dashackoutdoors.comPicture source: http://www.dashackoutdoors.com

38. Selection of PPE for Manual HandlingSelection of PPE for Manual Handling
 Goggles or safety glasses
Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.ukPicture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk
Picture source: http://teachertech.rice.eduPicture source: http://teachertech.rice.edu
Picture source: http://www.wintex.ca/english/Images/PPE026b.gifPicture source: http://www.wintex.ca/english/Images/PPE026b.gif

39. Selection of PPE for Manual HandlingSelection of PPE for Manual Handling
 Face mask or respirator
Picture source: http://www.ammex.comPicture source: http://www.ammex.com
Picture source: http://www.shingleberrysigns.comPicture source: http://www.shingleberrysigns.com
Picture source: http://www.toolrage.comPicture source: http://www.toolrage.com

40. Job Designs to Prevent Manual HandlingJob Designs to Prevent Manual Handling
InjuriesInjuries
 Team handling for heavy or odd shape loads
 Breaks to reduce muscular fatigue
 Handlers job rotation between heavy and light activities
 Rearrange workplace to reduce twisting, stretching &
stooping

41. Job Designs to Prevent Manual HandlingJob Designs to Prevent Manual Handling
InjuriesInjuries
 Keep heavy loads around waist level
 Use of mechanical handling aid
 Package heavy materials into smaller container
Picture source: http://www.osha.govPicture source: http://www.osha.gov
Picture source: CP 92 : 2002Picture source: CP 92 : 2002

42. Job Designs to Prevent Manual HandlingJob Designs to Prevent Manual Handling
InjuriesInjuries
 Provide handles, hand grips or indents for loads
 Loads to be free from dust, oil, corrosive deposits, sharp
corners, jagged edges or rough surfaces
Indents & Handles
Picture source : http://www.saylorsfarm.comPicture source : http://www.saylorsfarm.com
Picture source : http://www.powerwheel-usa.comPicture source : http://www.powerwheel-usa.com

43. Job Designs to Prevent Manual HandlingJob Designs to Prevent Manual Handling
InjuriesInjuries
 Provide secondary containment for chemicals
Picture source : http://www.smithsofthedean.co.ukPicture source : http://www.smithsofthedean.co.uk
Picture source : http://www.fuelproof.co.ukPicture source : http://www.fuelproof.co.uk

44. Case StudyCase Study
The Case of Peter
Peter injured his back while moving some large drums. He has previously
suffered from back problems but felt that it was under control. His doctor had
advised him not to lift anything above 20 kg but he had not passed this
information to his boss.
The injury was serious enough to land Peter in the hospital. Subsequently Peter
was diagnosed with a torn disk. Peter admitted the drums were heavy, but
wanted to have the job done.
What should Peter have done?
Picture source : http://education.qld.gov.au/health/injury/casestudy.htmlPicture source : http://education.qld.gov.au/health/injury/casestudy.html

45. Summary of Key PointsSummary of Key Points
Hazards from manual handling
Common injuries and occupational diseases
Proper manual handling methods
Use of PPE
Job designs to prevent manual handling injuries

46. Musculoskeletal injuries andMusculoskeletal injuries and
Occupational diseasesOccupational diseases
is preventableis preventable
Be proactive: it is up to US toBe proactive: it is up to US to
prevent itprevent it

47. Thank YouThank You

48. References:References:
1. CP 92: 2002 Code of Practice for Manual Handling
2. Ministry of Manpower – Guidelines for Manual Handling
3. SS 437 : 1999 Part 2 : Specification for personal eye-protectors
part 2 : selection, use and maintenance
4. SS 513 : 2005 Part 1 : Personal protective equipment – footwear.
Part 1: Safety footwear
5. CP 74 : 1998 Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory
protection devices

49. Appendix 1Appendix 1

50. Appendix 1Appendix 1

51. Appendix 1Appendix 1