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The Australian Nitrous Oxide Research Program (NORP) Peter Grace n2o.net.au N 2 O  Network
Acknowledgements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why N 2 O? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why N 2 O? NH 4 + NO 3 + N 2 O N 2 N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification Fertiliser etc
Why N 2 O? NH 4 + NO 3 + N 2 O N 2 N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification Soil water content < Field capacity Saturated
Why N 2 O? NH 4 + NO 3 + N 2 O N 2 N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification LABILE CARBON Soil water content < Field capacity Saturated
Why N 2 O? NH 4 + NO 3 + N 2 O N 2 N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification N 2 /N 2 O = 30+ Soil water content < Field capacity Saturated
NORP Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe
 
 
 
 
 
NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Rainfed grains Rainfed grains Rainfed grains
Wongan Hills, Western Australia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tamworth, New South Wales ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hamilton, Victoria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Late August Early October Late November
NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Rainfed grains Rainfed grains Irrigated grains/cotton Rainfed grains/sugar cane Rainfed grains
Kingsthorpe, Queensland ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Rainfed grains Rainfed grains Irrigated grains/cotton Rainfed grains/sugar cane Rainfed grains Dairy
Terang, Victoria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Rainfed grains Rainfed grains Rainfed grains/sugar cane Rainfed grains
Mackay, Queensland ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NORP Core Field Sites + Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Narrabri Griffith Wollongbar
Daily N 2 O flux (+/- inhibitor) - dairy Terang (Vic) Kelly et al. unpublished
Hourly N 2 O flux – wheat Wongan Hills (WA) Barton et al. unpublished
www.N2O.net.au  Repository
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object]
Top 10 findings to date ,[object Object],[object Object]
Labile carbon and N 2 O emissions in cropping systems
Labile carbon and N 2 O emissions in cropping systems
Labile carbon and N 2 O emissions in cropping systems
Nitrogen Use Efficiency (Cereals)* *FAOSTAT
Regional N 2 O Emission Potential Low Medium High No data/uncertain Grace et al. unpublished
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Irrigation management – wheat Kingsthorpe (Qld) Treatment Irrigated Optimum Dryland Average Flux  (g N 2 O-N/ha/day) 5.5 3.2 3.3 Seasonal Flux  (kg N 2 O-N/ha) 0.75 0.43 0.45 Emissions factor (%) 0.38 0.22 0.23 Irrigation/rain (mm) 417 315 219 Yield (t/ha) 3.1 1.9 1.6 Emissions intensity (kg N 2 O-N/t yield) 0.25 0.27 0.33
Irrigation management – wheat Kingsthorpe (Qld) Treatment Irrigated Optimum Dryland Average Flux  (g N 2 O-N/ha/day) 5.5 3.2 3.3 Seasonal Flux  (kg N 2 O-N/ha) 0.75 0.43 0.45 Emissions factor (%) 0.38 0.22 0.23 Irrigation/rain (mm) 417 315 219 Yield (t/ha) 3.1 1.9 1.6 Emissions intensity (kg N 2 O-N/t yield) 0.25 0.27 0.33
Irrigation management – wheat Kingsthorpe (Qld) Treatment Irrigated Optimum Dryland Average Flux  (g N 2 O-N/ha/day) 5.5 3.2 3.3 Seasonal Flux  (kg N 2 O-N/ha) 0.75 0.43 0.45 Emissions factor (%) 0.38 0.22 0.23 Irrigation/rain (mm) 417 315 219 Yield (t/ha) 3.1 1.9 1.6 Emissions intensity (kg N 2 O-N/t yield) 0.25 0.27 0.33
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THANK YOU

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The Australian Nitrous Oxide Research Program - Peter Grace, QUT

  • 1. The Australian Nitrous Oxide Research Program (NORP) Peter Grace n2o.net.au N 2 O Network
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. Why N 2 O? NH 4 + NO 3 + N 2 O N 2 N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification Fertiliser etc
  • 5. Why N 2 O? NH 4 + NO 3 + N 2 O N 2 N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification Soil water content < Field capacity Saturated
  • 6. Why N 2 O? NH 4 + NO 3 + N 2 O N 2 N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification LABILE CARBON Soil water content < Field capacity Saturated
  • 7. Why N 2 O? NH 4 + NO 3 + N 2 O N 2 N 2 O Nitrification Denitrification N 2 /N 2 O = 30+ Soil water content < Field capacity Saturated
  • 8.
  • 9. NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe
  • 10.  
  • 11.  
  • 12.  
  • 13.  
  • 14.  
  • 15. NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Rainfed grains Rainfed grains Rainfed grains
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Rainfed grains Rainfed grains Irrigated grains/cotton Rainfed grains/sugar cane Rainfed grains
  • 20.
  • 21. NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Rainfed grains Rainfed grains Irrigated grains/cotton Rainfed grains/sugar cane Rainfed grains Dairy
  • 22.
  • 23. NORP Core Field Sites Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Rainfed grains Rainfed grains Rainfed grains/sugar cane Rainfed grains
  • 24.
  • 25. NORP Core Field Sites + Wongan Hills Terang Hamilton Tamworth` Mackay Kingsthorpe Narrabri Griffith Wollongbar
  • 26. Daily N 2 O flux (+/- inhibitor) - dairy Terang (Vic) Kelly et al. unpublished
  • 27. Hourly N 2 O flux – wheat Wongan Hills (WA) Barton et al. unpublished
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39. Labile carbon and N 2 O emissions in cropping systems
  • 40. Labile carbon and N 2 O emissions in cropping systems
  • 41. Labile carbon and N 2 O emissions in cropping systems
  • 42. Nitrogen Use Efficiency (Cereals)* *FAOSTAT
  • 43. Regional N 2 O Emission Potential Low Medium High No data/uncertain Grace et al. unpublished
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46. Irrigation management – wheat Kingsthorpe (Qld) Treatment Irrigated Optimum Dryland Average Flux (g N 2 O-N/ha/day) 5.5 3.2 3.3 Seasonal Flux (kg N 2 O-N/ha) 0.75 0.43 0.45 Emissions factor (%) 0.38 0.22 0.23 Irrigation/rain (mm) 417 315 219 Yield (t/ha) 3.1 1.9 1.6 Emissions intensity (kg N 2 O-N/t yield) 0.25 0.27 0.33
  • 47. Irrigation management – wheat Kingsthorpe (Qld) Treatment Irrigated Optimum Dryland Average Flux (g N 2 O-N/ha/day) 5.5 3.2 3.3 Seasonal Flux (kg N 2 O-N/ha) 0.75 0.43 0.45 Emissions factor (%) 0.38 0.22 0.23 Irrigation/rain (mm) 417 315 219 Yield (t/ha) 3.1 1.9 1.6 Emissions intensity (kg N 2 O-N/t yield) 0.25 0.27 0.33
  • 48. Irrigation management – wheat Kingsthorpe (Qld) Treatment Irrigated Optimum Dryland Average Flux (g N 2 O-N/ha/day) 5.5 3.2 3.3 Seasonal Flux (kg N 2 O-N/ha) 0.75 0.43 0.45 Emissions factor (%) 0.38 0.22 0.23 Irrigation/rain (mm) 417 315 219 Yield (t/ha) 3.1 1.9 1.6 Emissions intensity (kg N 2 O-N/t yield) 0.25 0.27 0.33
  • 49.

Editor's Notes

  1. This is the first two experiments (same treatments), but conducted on fresh area of pasture
  2. N use efficiency is important where labile C is available, and in practice NUE has remained static in Australia.